Editing Terence Rattigan

{{Short description|British playwright and screenwriter (1911–1977)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2012}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix = [[Sir]]
| name          = Terence Rattigan
| honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|size=100|CBE}}
|image=Sir Terence Rattigan Allan Warren.jpg
|caption = Portrait of Rattigan by [[Allan Warren]]
|alias =Terence Mervyn Rattigan
|birth_date={{birth date|1911|6|10|df=yes}}
|birth_place=[[South Kensington]], London, England
|death_date={{death date and age|1977|11|30|1911|6|10|df=yes}}
|death_place=[[Hamilton, Bermuda]]
|occupation=Playwright
}}

'''Sir Terence Mervyn Rattigan''' {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=small|CBE}} (10 June 1911{{spaced ndash}}30 November 1977) was a British [[dramatist]] and screenwriter. He was one of England's most popular mid-20th-century dramatists. His plays are typically set in an upper-middle-class background.<ref name=wansell>Geoffrey Wansell. ''Terence Rattigan'' (London: Fourth Estate, 1995); {{ISBN|978-1-85702-201-8}}</ref> He wrote ''[[The Winslow Boy]]'' (1946), ''[[The Browning Version (play)|The Browning Version]]'' (1948), ''[[The Deep Blue Sea (play)|The Deep Blue Sea]]'' (1952) and ''[[Separate Tables]]'' (1954), among many others.

A troubled gay man who saw himself as an outsider,<ref name="Enigma BBC"/> Rattigan wrote a number of plays which centred on issues of sexual frustration, failed relationships, or a world of repression and reticence.<ref>The Rattigan Enigma, by [[Benedict Cumberbatch]], BBC TV [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tEzTlqZn4A8]</ref><ref name="Enigma BBC"/>

==Early life==
Terence Rattigan was born in 1911 in [[South Kensington]],<ref name=wansell13>Wansell, p. 13.</ref> London, of [[Irish people|Irish]] extraction.<ref>[http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=3715 ''Sir Terence Rattigan'' profile] Pollard, Wendy. ''The Literary Encyclopedia''. 24 May 2005. Retrieved 11 March 2009.</ref> He had an elder brother, Brian. They were the grandsons of Sir [[William Henry Rattigan]], a notable India-based jurist and later a Liberal Unionist Member of Parliament for [[North-East Lanarkshire (UK Parliament constituency)|North-East Lanarkshire]]. His father was Frank Rattigan [[Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George|CMG]], a diplomat whose exploits included an affair with Princess [[Elisabeth of Romania]] (future consort of King [[George II of Greece]]) which resulted in her having an abortion.<ref name=wansell/> The Royal House of Romania is considered to be the inspiration of Rattigan's play ''[[The Sleeping Prince (play)|The Sleeping Prince]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.natura2000oltenita-chiciu.ro/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Vladimir-Toncea-Carpathia-from-fictional-country-to-nature-conservation.pdf |title=Carpathia-from Fictional Country to Nature Conservation |publisher=www.natura2000oltenita-chiciu.ro |date= |accessdate=2021-06-30}}</ref>

Rattigan's birth certificate and his birth announcement in ''[[The Times]]'' indicate he was born on 9 June 1911. However, most reference books state that he was born the following day; Rattigan himself never publicly disputed this date. There is evidence suggesting that the date on the birth certificate is incorrect.<ref name=wansell13/> He was given no middle name, but he adopted the middle name "Mervyn" in early adulthood.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}}

==Education==
Rattigan was educated at [[Sandroyd School]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sandroyd.org/content/view/186/79/|title=Sandroyd School's list of Distinguished Alumni|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101028031532/http://www.sandroyd.org/content/view/186/79/|archive-date=28 October 2010}}</ref> from 1920 to 1925, at the time based in [[Cobham, Surrey]] (and now the home of [[Reed's School]]), and [[Harrow School]]. Rattigan played cricket for the Harrow First XI and scored 29 in the [[Eton v Harrow|Eton–Harrow match]] in 1929.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/431/431466/431466.html|title=The Home of CricketArchive|website=cricketarchive.com}}</ref> He was a member of the Harrow School [[Officer Training Corps]] and organised a mutiny, informing the ''[[Daily Express]]''. Even more annoying to his headmaster, [[Cyril Norwood]], was the telegram from the Eton OTC, "offering to march to his assistance".<ref name="Footprintsin">John Colville, ''Footprints in Time'', 1976. Chapter 8, Two Faces.</ref> He then went to [[Trinity College, Oxford]].

==Life and career==
Success as a playwright came early, with the comedy ''[[French Without Tears (play)|French Without Tears]]'' in 1936, set in a [[Cram school|crammer]]. This was inspired by a 1933 visit to a village called [[Marxzell]] in the [[Black Forest]], where young English gentlemen went to learn German; his time briefly overlapped with his Harrow classmate [[Jock Colville]].<ref name="Footprintsin"/>

Rattigan's determination to write a more serious play produced ''[[After the Dance (play)|After the Dance]]'' (1939), a satirical social drama about the "[[bright young things]]" and their failure to politically engage. The outbreak of the Second World War scuppered any chances of a long run. Shortly before the war, Rattigan had written (together with Anthony Goldsmith) a satire about Nazi Germany, ''Follow My Leader''; the [[Lord Chamberlain]] refused to license it on grounds of offence to a foreign country, but it was performed from January 1940.<ref>"A Topical Comedy", ''The Times'', 15 January 1940, p. 4.</ref>

During the war, Rattigan served in the [[Royal Air Force]] as a tail gunner; his experiences helped inspire ''[[Flare Path]]''. In 1943 Rattigan, then an [[Royal Air Force|RAF]] Flight Lieutenant, was posted to the [[RAF Film Production Unit]] to work on ''[[The Way to the Stars]]'' (a substantial reworking and adaption for film of ''[[Flare Path]]'') and ''[[Journey Together]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theterencerattigansociety.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Rattigan-Service-Record.pdf|title=Looking for Flying Officer Rattigan, Group Captain Clive Montellier RAF, 2013|website=The Terence Rattigan Society|access-date=3 November 2021}}</ref>

After the war, Rattigan alternated between comedies and dramas, establishing himself as a major playwright: the most successful of which were ''[[The Winslow Boy]]'' (1946), ''[[The Browning Version (play)|The Browning Version]]'' (1948), ''[[The Deep Blue Sea (play)|The Deep Blue Sea]]'' (1952), and ''[[Separate Tables]]'' (1954).

Rattigan's belief in understated emotions and craftsmanship was deemed old fashioned and "pre-war" after the overnight success in 1956 of [[John Osborne]]'s play ''[[Look Back in Anger]]'' began the era of [[kitchen sink drama]]s by the writers known as the [[Angry Young Men]]. Rattigan responded to this critical disfavour with some bitterness. His later plays—''[[Ross (play)|Ross]]'', ''[[Man and Boy (play)|Man and Boy]]'', ''[[In Praise of Love (play)|In Praise of Love]]'', and ''[[Cause Célèbre (play)|Cause Célèbre]]''—although showing no sign of any decline in his talent, are less well-known than his earlier works. Rattigan explained that he wrote his plays to please a symbolic playgoer, "Aunt Edna", someone from the well-off middle-class who had conventional tastes; his critics frequently used this character as the basis for belittling him.<ref>"Sir Terence Rattigan", ''The Times'', 1 December 1977, p. 16.</ref> "Aunt Edna" inspired [[Joe Orton]] to create "Edna Welthorpe", a mischievous [[alter ego]] stirring up controversy about his own plays.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ednawelthorpe.le.ac.uk/|title=Edna Welthorpe (Mrs) - A Tribute to Joe Orton|website=Edna Welthorpe (Mrs)}}</ref>

Rattigan was [[homosexual]],<ref name=onstage>{{Cite book|title=Out on Stage: Lesbian and Gay Theatre in the Twentieth Century|first=Alan|last=Sinfield|publisher=Yale University Press|year=1999|isbn=0-300-08102-2|page=159}}</ref> with numerous lovers but no long-term partners, a possible exception being his "congenial companion ... and occasional friend" Michael Franklin.<ref>Darlow, Michael: ''Terence Rattigan — The Man and His Work'', London: Quartet Books, 2010, p. 440.</ref> From 1944 to January 1947 he enjoyed a volatile affair with the politician [[Henry Channon|Henry "Chips" Channon]] who detailed the relationship in his diary published posthumously in 2022.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Diaries of Chips Channon Vol 3|url=https://www.penguin.co.uk/books/439561/henry-chips-channon-the-diaries-volume-3-1943-57-by-channon-chips/9781529151725.html |website=Penguin UK|access-date=8 September 2022}}</ref>

It has been claimed his work is essentially [[autobiographical]], containing coded references to his sexuality, which was known by some in the theatrical world but not known to the public. There is some truth in this, but it risks being crudely reductive; for example, the repeated claim that Rattigan originally wrote ''The Deep Blue Sea'' as a play about male lovers, turned at the last minute into a heterosexual play, may be unfounded,<ref>B.A. Young mentions a "Kenneth Morgan version" of the play that was supposedly shown to Rattigan collaborator Alvin Rakoff in 1962 and that has since disappeared (Young, B.A.: ''The Rattigan Version'', London: Hamish Hamilton, 1986, p. 110). Darlow also speculates on the possible existence of such a draft (Darlow, Michael:'' Terence Rattigan – The Man and His Work'', London: Quartet Books, 2010, p. 440).<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref> though Rattigan said otherwise.<ref>Rattigan's letter to John Osborne, 1968 cited in John Osborne ''Looking Back'', London: Faber, 1999, p. 286 (originally published in ''Almost a Gentleman'', Faber, 1991).</ref>

On the other hand, for the Broadway staging of ''Separate Tables'', he wrote an alternative version of the newspaper article in which Major Pollock's indiscretions are revealed to his fellow hotel guests; in this version, those whom the Major approached for sex were men rather than young women. However, Rattigan changed his mind about staging it, and the original version proceeded.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/theatre/drama/3651526/On-the-road-Separate-Tables-Loves-Labours-Lost-The-School-for-Scandal.html|title=On the road: Separate Tables, Love's Labour's Lost, The School for Scandal|first=Dominic|last=Cavendish|date=9 April 2006|work=The Daily Telegraph}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.playbill.com/article/london-premiere-for-gay-version-of-rattigans-separate-tables-com-74210|title=London Premiere for Gay Version of Rattigan's Separate Tables - Playbill|website=Playbill|date=23 March 1998}}</ref>

Rattigan was fascinated with the life and character of [[T. E. Lawrence]]. In 1960, he wrote a play called ''[[Ross (play)|Ross]]'', based on Lawrence's exploits. Preparations were made to film it, and [[Dirk Bogarde]] accepted the role. However, it did not proceed because the [[Rank Organisation]] withdrew its support, not wishing to offend [[David Lean]] and [[Sam Spiegel]], who had started to film ''[[Lawrence of Arabia (film)|Lawrence of Arabia]]''. Bogarde called Rank's decision "my bitterest disappointment". Also in 1960, a musical version of ''French Without Tears'' was staged as ''Joie de Vivre'', with music by [[Robert Stolz]] of ''[[The White Horse Inn (operetta)|White Horse Inn]]'' fame. It starred [[Donald Sinden]], lasted only four performances, and has never been revived. 

Rattigan was diagnosed with [[leukaemia]] in 1962 but seemingly recovered two years later. He fell ill again in 1968. He disliked the so-called "[[Swinging London]]" of the 1960s and moved abroad, living in [[Bermuda]], where he lived off the proceeds from lucrative screenplays including ''[[The V.I.P.s (film)|The V.I.P.s]]'' and ''[[The Yellow Rolls-Royce]]''. For a time he was the highest-paid screenwriter in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2011/aug/21/deep-blue-sea-terence-rattigan|title=Film of The Deep Blue Sea returns playwright Terence Rattigan to the spotlight|first=Vanessa|last=Thorpe|date=20 August 2011|work=The Guardian}}</ref>

In 1964, Rattigan wrote to the playwright [[Joe Orton]] congratulating the latter on his very dark comedy ''[[Entertaining Mr Sloane]]'', to which Rattigan had escorted [[Vivien Leigh]] in its first week. He had invested £3,000 in getting the play transferred to the West End. Although an unlikely champion of the ''risqué'' Orton, Rattigan recognised the younger man's talent and approved of what he considered a well-written piece of theatre. He also acknowledged in retrospect that, "in a way, I was not Orton's best sponsor. I'm a very unfashionable figure still, and I was then wildly unfashionable critically. My sponsorship rather put critics off, I think."<ref>Lahr, John (1978)''Prick Up Your Ears; The Biography of Joe Orton''. New York: Knopf.<!-- ISSN/ISBN, page(s) needed --></ref>

Rattigan was [[Knight Bachelor|knighted]] in the Queen's Birthday Honours of June 1971 for services to the theatre, being only the fourth playwright to be knighted in the 20th century (after Sir [[W. S. Gilbert]] in 1907, Sir [[Arthur Wing Pinero]] in 1909 and Sir [[Noël Coward]] in 1970).<ref>Wansell, p. 364.</ref> He had previously been appointed Commander of the [[Order of the British Empire]] (CBE), in June 1958. He moved back to Britain, where he experienced a minor revival in his reputation before his death.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/477156/index.html|title=BFI Screenonline: Rattigan, Terence (1911-1977) Biography|website=screenonline.org.uk|accessdate=19 November 2022}}</ref>

==Death==
Rattigan died in [[Hamilton, Bermuda]], from [[bone cancer]] on 30 November 1977, aged 66. His cremated remains were deposited in the family vault at [[Kensal Green Cemetery]].<ref>Wilson, Scott. ''Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons'', 3d ed.: 2 (Kindle Locations 38781-38782). McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers. Kindle Edition.</ref>

==Legacy==
In 1990, the [[British Library]] acquired Rattigan's papers consisting of 300 volumes of correspondence and papers relating to his prose and dramatic works.<ref>[http://searcharchives.bl.uk/IAMS_VU2:IAMS032-001968471 Rattigan Papers], archives and manuscripts catalogue, the British Library. Retrieved 26 May 2020</ref>

There was a revival of ''The Deep Blue Sea'' in 1993, at the [[Almeida Theatre]], London, directed by [[Karel Reisz]] and starring [[Penelope Wilton]]. A string of successful revivals followed, including ''The Winslow Boy'' at the [[Chichester Festival Theatre]] in 2001 (with [[David Rintoul]], and subsequently on tour in 2002 with [[Edward Fox (actor)|Edward Fox]]), ''Man and Boy'' at the [[Duchess Theatre]], London, in 2005, with [[David Suchet]] as Gregor Antonescu, and ''In Praise of Love'' at Chichester, and ''Separate Tables'' at the [[Royal Exchange, Manchester]], in 2006. His play on the last days of [[Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson|Lord Nelson]], ''[[A Bequest to the Nation]]'', was revived on [[BBC Radio 3|Radio 3]] for [[Trafalgar 200]], starring [[Janet McTeer]] as Lady Hamilton, [[Kenneth Branagh]] as Nelson, and [[Amanda Root]] as Lady Nelson.

[[Thea Sharrock]] directed his rarely seen ''After the Dance'' in the summer of 2010 at London's [[Royal National Theatre]]. She directed a major new production of Rattigan's final and also rarely seen play ''Cause Célèbre'' at [[The Old Vic]] in March 2011 as part of The Terence Rattigan Centenary<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.terencerattigan.co.uk|title=terencerattigan|website=terencerattigan}}</ref> year celebrations. As well as this, [[Trevor Nunn]] marked the occasion with a West End revival of ''[[Flare Path]]'' at the [[Theatre Royal, Haymarket]], between March and June 2011, starring [[Sienna Miller]], [[James Purefoy]] and [[Sheridan Smith]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.trh.co.uk/about-us/press-releases/trevor-nunn-season/|title=Trevor Nunn Season 2011 – 2012|website=Theatre Royal Haymarket}}</ref>

In 2011, the [[BBC]] presented ''The Rattigan Enigma by Benedict Cumberbatch'',<ref name="Enigma BBC">{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b012tnt0|title=The Rattigan Enigma by Benedict Cumberbatch|work=[[BBC Programmes]]|publisher=BBC|date=July 2011|access-date=6 October 2011}}</ref> a documentary on Rattigan's life and career presented by actor [[Benedict Cumberbatch]], who, like Rattigan, attended [[Harrow School|Harrow]].

A new screen version of ''[[The Deep Blue Sea (2011 film)|The Deep Blue Sea]]'', directed by [[Terence Davies]], was released in 2011, starring [[Rachel Weisz]] and [[Tom Hiddleston]].<ref>{{cite web|title=The Deep Blue Sea: In Cinemas Now|url=http://www.film4.com/minisite/the-deep-blue-sea|publisher=[[Film4]]|access-date=27 November 2011}}</ref>

==Stage plays==
{{Div col}}
*1934  ''First Episode''
*1935  ''[[A Tale of Two Cities (1935 play)|A Tale of Two Cities]]'' (an adaptation of [[Charles Dickens]]'s [[A Tale of Two Cities|novel]], written with [[John Gielgud]]; it was not produced onstage until 2013, but appeared in 1950 as a radio play)
*1936  ''[[French Without Tears]]''
*1939  ''[[After the Dance (play)|After the Dance]]''
*1940  ''Follow My Leader''
*1940  ''Grey Farm''
*1942  ''[[Flare Path]]''
*1943  ''[[While the Sun Shines (play)|While the Sun Shines]]''
*1944  ''[[Love In Idleness]]'' (rewriting of ''Less Than Kind''; played in U.S. as ''O Mistress Mine'')
*1946  ''[[The Winslow Boy]]''
*1948  ''[[Harlequinade (Rattigan)|Harlequinade]]''
*1948  ''[[The Browning Version (play)|The Browning Version]]''
*1949  ''[[Adventure Story]]''
*1950  ''[[Who Is Sylvia? (play)|Who is Sylvia?]]'' (filmed as ''[[The Man Who Loved Redheads]]'')
*1952  ''[[The Deep Blue Sea (play)|The Deep Blue Sea]]''
*1953  ''[[The Sleeping Prince (play)|The Sleeping Prince]]'' (filmed as ''[[The Prince and the Showgirl]]'')
*1954  ''[[Separate Tables]]''
*1958  ''[[Variation on a Theme (play)|Variation on a Theme]]''
*1960  ''[[Ross (play)|Ross]]''
*1960  ''Joie de Vivre'', a musical version of ''French Without Tears'', with music by [[Robert Stolz]] and song lyrics by [[Paul Dehn]]
*1963  ''[[Man and Boy (play)|Man and Boy]]''
*1970  ''[[A Bequest to the Nation]]''
*1973  ''[[In Praise of Love (play)|In Praise of Love]]''
*1973  ''Before Dawn''
*1976  ''Duologue''
*1977  ''[[Cause Célèbre (play)|Cause Célèbre]]''
{{Div col end}}

==Television plays==
*1951  ''[[The Final Test]]'' (TV: 1951; film: 1953)
*1962  ''The Largest Theatre in the World: Heart to Heart''
*1964  ''Ninety Years On''
*1966  ''[[A Bequest to the Nation|Nelson – A Portrait in Miniature]]''
*1968  ''All on Her Own''
*1972  ''High Summer''

==Radio plays==
Many of Rattigan's stage plays have been produced for radio by the BBC. The first play he wrote directly for radio was ''[[Cause Célèbre (play)|Cause Célèbre]]'', broadcast on BBC Radio 4 on 27 October 1975, based on the 1935 murder of [[Francis Rattenbury]].

==Film==

===Filmed plays===
A number of Rattigan's plays have been filmed (he was the screenwriter or co-writer for all those made in his lifetime):
*''[[French Without Tears (film)|French Without Tears]]'' (1940; [[Anatole de Grunwald]] and [[Ian Dalrymple]] were credited as screenwriters, although Rattigan also played a major role)
*''[[While the Sun Shines]]'' (1947; with de Grunwald)
*''[[The Winslow Boy]]'' ([[The Winslow Boy (1948 film)|1948]] and [[The Winslow Boy (1999 film)|1999]])
*''[[Adventure Story (play)|Adventure Story]]'' (BBC TV versions: 1950 and [[Adventure Story (1961 TV play)|1961]])
*''[[The Browning Version (play)|The Browning Version]]'' (film: [[The Browning Version (1951 film)|1951]] and [[The Browning Version (1994 film)|1994]]; TV: 1955 and 1985)
*''[[The Final Test]]'' (1953; based on his 1951 television play)
*''[[The Man Who Loved Redheads]]'' (1954; based on ''Who Is Sylvia?'')
*''[[The Deep Blue Sea (1955 film)|The Deep Blue Sea]]'' ([[The Deep Blue Sea (1955 film)|1955]] and [[The Deep Blue Sea (2011 film)|2011]])
*''[[The Prince and the Showgirl]]'' (1957; based on ''The Sleeping Prince'')
*''[[Separate Tables (film)|Separate Tables]]'' (1958; Rattigan and co-writer [[John Gay (screenwriter)|John Gay]] were nominated for an Academy Award for screenwriting; [[David Niven]] won the Best Actor Oscar and [[Wendy Hiller]] won Best Supporting Actress). 
**A 1970 BBC TV production directed by Alan Cooke. [[Geraldine McEwan]] (Sibyl/Anne); [[Eric Porter]] (Major Pollock/John Malcolm); [[Annette Crosbie]] (Miss Cooper); [[Robert Harris (English actor)|Robert Harris]] (Mr.Fowler); Hazel Hughes (Miss Meacham); [[Pauline Jameson]] (Mrs. Railton-Bell); [[Cathleen Nesbitt]] (Lady Matheson).
**[[John Schlesinger]] directed a television film version in 1983 with [[Julie Christie]] and [[Alan Bates]] as the two couples, [[Claire Bloom]] as Miss Cooper and [[Irene Worth]] as Mrs Railton-Bell.
*''[[A Bequest to the Nation]]'' (1973)
*''[[Cause Célèbre (play)|Cause Célèbre]]'' (1987; TV)

===Original screenplays===
Terence Rattigan also wrote or co-wrote the following original screenplays:
*''[[English Without Tears]]'' (1944; with [[Anatole de Grunwald]]; U.S. title ''Her Man Gilbey'')
*''[[Journey Together]]'' (1945)
*''[[Bond Street (film)|Bond Street]]'' (1948; uncredited; with de Grunwald and [[Rodney Ackland]])
*''[[The Sound Barrier]]'' (1952; U.S. title ''Breaking the Sound Barrier''; Rattigan's first Academy Award nomination)
*''[[The V.I.P.s (film)|The V.I.P.s]]'' (1963; [[Margaret Rutherford]] won a Best Supporting Actress Academy Award for her performance)
*''[[The Yellow Rolls-Royce]]'' (1964)

===Other screenwriting===
Rattigan wrote or co-wrote the following screenplays from existing material by other writers:
* ''[[Gypsy (1937 film)|Gypsy]]'' (1937)
*''[[Quiet Wedding]]'' (1940; with [[Anatole de Grunwald]]; based on the play by [[Esther McCracken]])
*''[[The Day Will Dawn]]'' (1942; with de Grunwald; U.S. title ''The Avengers''; based on a treatment by [[Patrick Kirwan]])
*''[[Uncensored (film)|Uncensored]]'' (1942; with [[Rodney Ackland]]; based on the book by [[Oscar Millard]] adapted by [[Wolfgang Wilhelm (writer)|Wolfgang Wilhelm]])
*''[[The Way to the Stars]]'' (1945; from a story written by Rattigan, de Grunwald and Richard Sherman; U.S. title ''Johnny in the Clouds'')
*''[[Brighton Rock (1947 film)|Brighton Rock]]'' (1947; with [[Graham Greene]], from Greene's novel)
*''[[Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1969 film)|Goodbye, Mr. Chips]]'' (1969; based on the novel by [[James Hilton (novelist)|James Hilton]])

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* Hill, Holly: ''A Critical Analysis of the Plays of Terence Rattigan''; doctoral dissertation, New York University, 1977;
* Darlow, Michael; Hobson, Gillian: ''Terence Rattigan – The Man & His Work''; London: Quartet Books, 1979 (2010);
* Rusinko, Susan: ''Terence Rattigan''; Boston: Twayne, 1983;
* Young, B. A.: ''The Rattigan Version – The Theatre of Character''; London: Hamish Hamilton, 1986;
* Wansell, Geoffrey: ''Terence Rattigan – A Biography''; London: Fourth Estate Limited, 1995 (2009);
* Bertolini, John A.: ''The Case for Terence Rattigan, Playwright''; Palgrave Macmillan, 2016.
Wolfe, Peter. ''Terence Rattigan: The Playwright as Battlefield''. Lexington, 2019.

Other works including discussions on Rattigan's theatre:

* O’Connor, Sean: ''Straight Acting – Popular Gay Drama from Wilde to Rattigan'', London: Cassell, 1998;
* Shellard, Dominic: ''British Theatre Since the War'', New Haven/London: Yale University Press, 1999;
* Innes, Christopher: ''Modern British Drama 1890–1990'', 2nd Edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2002/2009;
* Billington, Michael: ''The State of the Nation'', London: Faber, 2008
* Rebellato, Dan: ''1956 and All That – The Making of Modern British Drama'', London: Routledge, 1999/2006.
** See also Dan Rebellato's extensive Introductions to the more recent Nick Hern Books Editions of Rattigan's major plays.

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikiquote}}
*{{Official website|http://www.terencerattigan.co.uk|Terence Rattigan}} – official site
* [https://norman.hrc.utexas.edu/fasearch/findingAid.cfm?eadID=00599 Terence Rattigan Collection] at the [[Harry Ransom Center]]
*{{IBDB name}}
*{{IMDb name|id=0711905|name=Terence Rattigan}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20051031222205/http://www.lubbockonline.com/news/072497/terence.htm Terence Rattigan] on [[Lubbock Avalanche-Journal]] (1997)
*[http://www.bris.ac.uk/theatrecollection/search/people_sub_plays_all?forename=Terence&amp;surname=RATTIGAN&amp;job=Author&amp;pid=367&image_view=Yesamp;x=19amp;y=17 Terence Rattigan's plays] performances listed in the Theatre Archive, [[University of Bristol]]
*{{screenonline name|id=477156}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Rattigan, Terence}}
[[Category:1911 births]]
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[[Category:Alumni of Trinity College, Oxford]]
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[[Category:Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Screenplay winners]]
[[Category:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire]]
[[Category:Deaths from bone cancer]]
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