Editing Temple, Texas

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = Temple, Texas
| settlement_type                 = [[City]]
| named_for                       = Bernard Moore Temple
| image_skyline                   = Downtown-temple-630x476.jpg
| image_alt                       = 
| image_caption                   = Downtown Temple
| motto                           = Make Temple Great!
| image_map                       = Bell Temple.svg
| map_alt                         = Temple in Bell County, Texas
| mapsize                         = 250px
| map_caption                     = Location within [[Bell County, Texas|Bell County]] and [[Texas]]
| coordinates                     = {{Coord|31|06|20|N|97|25|15|W|region:US-TX_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type                = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name                = United States
| subdivision_type1               = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[List of counties in Texas|Counties]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[Texas]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[Bell County, Texas|Bell]]
| established_title               = Settled
| established_date                = June 29, 1881
| established_title2              = Incorporated
| established_date2               = 1882
| founder                         = Bernard Moore Temple
| government_type    = [[Council-manager government|Council–manager]]
| leader_title       = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name        = Tim Davis
| leader_title1      = [[City Council]]
| leader_name1       = {{collapsible list
                               | bullets=yes
                               |title = Members
                               |1 = Jessica Walker
                               |2 = Zoe Grant
                               |3 = Susan Long
                               |4 = Mike Pilkington
                              }}
| leader_title2      = [[City manager]]
| leader_name2       = Brynn Myers
| unit_pref                       = Imperial
| area_footnotes                  = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_48.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 7, 2020}}</ref>
| area_note                       = 
| area_total_km2                  = 196.85
| area_land_km2                   = 184.33
| area_water_km2                  = 12.52
| area_total_sq_mi                = 76.01
| area_land_sq_mi                 = 71.17
| area_water_sq_mi                = 4.84
| area_total_acre                 = 
| area_land_acre                  = 
| area_water_acre                 = 
| elevation_footnotes             = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft                    = 607
| population_as_of                = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
| population_footnotes            = 
| population_total                = 85,416
| population_density_sq_mi        = 1102.14
| pop_est_footnotes               = <ref name="US Census Bureau Quick Facts">[https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/templecitytexas/POP010220#POP010220|US Census Quick Facts: Temple, Texas, 2020 City Population, dated April 2020]</ref>
| population_density_km2          = 425.53
| population_note                 = 
| population_demonym              = 
| timezone1                       = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
| utc_offset1                     = −6
| timezone1_DST                   = CDT
| utc_offset1_DST                 = −5
| postal_code_type                = [[ZIP Code]]s
| postal_code                     = 76501–76505, 76508
| area_code_type                  = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area codes]]
| area_code                       = [[Area code 254]]
| iso_code                        = 
| website                         = {{URL|http://www.templetx.gov}}
| blank_name                      = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info                      = 48-72176<ref name="GR2" />
| blank1_name                     = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info                     = 2412046<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2412046}}</ref>
| footnotes                       = 
| official_name                   = 
}}

'''Temple''' is a [[city]] in [[Bell County, Texas]], United States.  As of 2020, the city has a population of 82,073 according to the [[2020 United States census|U.S. census]].<ref name="US Census Bureau Quick Facts"/>  Temple lies in the region referred to as [[Central Texas]] and is a principal city in the [[Killeen–Temple–Fort Hood metropolitan area]], (Fort Hood was redesignated "[[Fort Cavazos]]" in 2023) which as of the 2020 Census had a population of 475,367.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.census.gov/popest/metro/tables/2009/CBSA-EST2009-01.csv | title = Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Population of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2009 (CBSA-EST2009-01) | work = 2009 Population Estimates | publisher = [[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division | date = 2010-03-23 | access-date = 2010-03-25 | url-status = dead | archive-url = http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20100615175258/http%3A//www%2Ecensus%2Egov/popest/metro/tables/2009/CBSA%2DEST2009%2D01%2Ecsv | archive-date = June 15, 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Gamboa |first=Suzanne |date=24 March 2023 |title=Ft. Hood to officially drop its Confederate name and become Ft. Cavazos |work=[[NBC News]] |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/fort-hood-drops-confederate-name-fort-cavazos-may-9-rcna76561}}</ref> Located off [[Interstate 35]], Temple is 65 miles north of [[Austin, Texas|Austin]], 34 miles south of [[Waco, Texas|Waco]] and 27 miles east of Killeen.

==History==
[[File:Temple railroad heritage museum 2012.jpg|thumb|left|200px|The historic Santa Fe Depot]]
Temple was founded as a [[railroad town]] by the [[Gulf, Colorado and Santa Fe Railroad]] (GC&SF). The settlement began in 1880 as a GC&SF construction camp called Temple Junction. In January 1881, a post office was established, and the settlement was officially named Temple, after Bernard Moore Temple, the chief civil engineer of the GC&SF. The town was incorporated in 1882.<ref name=TSHA-Temple>{{cite web|last=Smyrl |first=Vivian Elizabeth |title=Temple, TX |url=https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/temple-tx |website=tshaonline.org |publisher=Texas State Historical Association |date=August 13, 2020 |access-date=October 12, 2024}}</ref>

Also in 1882, the [[Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railway]] built through the town, and soon after, the GC&SF made Temple a division point.<ref name=TSHA-Temple/> In its early years, Temple was a town of shacks and tents with a large number of saloons and tough characters found in the early West. Locally, it was nicknamed "Tanglefoot" because some residents found that the combination of muddy streets and liquor made walking through the town challenging.{{citation needed|date=October 2024}}

Very shortly after the town was incorporated in 1882, two private schools were founded in the city: the Temple Academy was organized and a public school was established in 1884. In 1893, the annual Temple Stag Party began, growing out of a private [[Thanksgiving (United States)|Thanksgiving]] celebration attended by some of the town's leading men. It was held until 1923.<ref>{{cite web| author=Texas State Historical Commission| title=Temple, Texas Historical Marker| url=http://www.stoppingpoints.com/texas/sights.cgi?marker=City+of+Temple&cnty=bell
}}</ref> 

The city became home to numerous medical clinics and the Santa Fe Hospital and Scott and White Memorial Hospital; the two hospitals merged in 1983<ref>{{cite web |title=Scott and White Memorial Hospital |url=https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/scott-and-white-memorial-hospital |website=tshaonline.org |publisher=Texas State Historical Association |date=February 19, 2019 |access-date=October 12, 2024}}</ref> and now form the [[Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – Temple]]. Temple's position as the largest city in Bell County was earned largely on account of its medical facilities and its importance as a major railroad junction.<ref name=TSHA-Temple/>

In 1886, the GC&SF was purchased by the [[Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway]],<ref>{{cite web|last=Werner |first=George C. |title=Gulf, Colorado and Santa Fe Railway |url=https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/gulf-colorado-and-santa-fe-railway |website=tshaonline.org |publisher=Texas State Historical Association |date=January 23, 2020 |access-date=October 12, 2024}}</ref> popularly known as the Santa Fe Railroad or simply the Santa Fe. The Santa Fe's Temple depot was the site of the largest [[Harvey House]] restaurant in Texas, and the Harvey House organization also operated a dairy and vegetable farm near the city. Harvey Houses provided meals for Santa Fe passengers during stopovers and were also popular with local customers. The chain was famous for its high-quality food and its iconic uniformed all-female "Harvey Girl" waitstaff.<ref name=Harvey>{{cite news |last=McLeod |first=Gerald E. |title=Day Trips: Harvey Houses helped settle the West and were the travelers' best friend for 92 years |url=https://www.austinchronicle.com/columns/2010-08-27/1073571/ |work=The Austin Chronicle |location=Austin |date=August 27, 2010 |access-date=October 12, 2024}}</ref> 

The Temple Railroad and Heritage Museum, on the second floor of the Santa Fe Railroad depot at 315 West Avenue B, commemorates the significance of railroads for the city<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rrhm.org/exhibits_overview.php|title=Temple Railroad and Heritage Museum website|website=Rrhm.org|access-date=27 August 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723151338/http://www.rrhm.org/exhibits_overview.php|archive-date=23 July 2011}}</ref> and includes a large collection of Harvey House memorabilia.<ref name=Harvey/>

==Geography==
Temple is located northeast of the center of Bell County. It is the second-largest city in Bell County.<ref>{{cite web |title=U.S. Census website |url=https://www.census.gov |access-date=27 August 2017 |website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> It is bordered to the southwest, on the opposite side of the [[Leon River]], by Belton, the county seat.

Temple is situated within a relatively short drive of most of the major cities of Texas: 124&nbsp;mi north to [[Fort Worth]], 130&nbsp;mi north-northeast to [[Dallas]],<ref>Connelly, Michael, Robert McClure, and Melinda Reinke. "Into The Storm The Story Of Flight 191." ''[[South Florida Sun-Sentinel]]''. July 27, 1986. p. [http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1986-07-27/features/8602140270_1_delta-flight-attendants-driveway-car 1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150805203320/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1986-07-27/features/8602140270_1_delta-flight-attendants-driveway-car |date=August 5, 2015 }}. Retrieved on August 3, 2015.</ref> 65&nbsp;mi southwest to [[Austin, Texas|Austin]], 147&nbsp;mi southwest to [[San Antonio]], and 168&nbsp;mi southeast to [[Houston]]. The city is located right on [[Interstate 35 in Texas|Interstate 35]], running alongside the [[Balcones Fault]] with very varied geography. Towards the east lies the [[Texas blackland prairies|Blackland Prairie]] region (a rich farming area), and towards the west, the terrain rises with low, rolling, limestone-layered hills at the northeastern tip of the [[Texas Hill Country]].

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|74.9|sqmi|km2}}, of which {{convert|70.1|sqmi|km2}}  are land and {{convert|4.8|sqmi|km2}} are covered by water.<ref>{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer Files 2016-Places-Texas|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/gazetteer.html|website=US Census|access-date=12 January 2017}}</ref>

===Climate===

{{Weather box
| width                  = auto
| single line            = yes
| location               = Temple, Texas
| collapsed = yes
| Jan high F             = 57
| Feb high F             = 62
| Mar high F             = 70
| Apr high F             = 77
| May high F             = 84
| Jun high F             = 90
| Jul high F             = 95
| Aug high F             = 95
| Sep high F             = 89
| Oct high F             = 80
| Nov high F             = 68
| Dec high F             = 59
| year high F            =
| Jan low F              = 35
| Feb low F              = 39
| Mar low F              = 46
| Apr low F              = 54
| May low F              = 63
| Jun low F              = 70
| Jul low F              = 72
| Aug low F              = 72
| Sep low F              = 66
| Oct low F              = 56
| Nov low F              = 45
| Dec low F              = 38
| year low F             =
| Jan precipitation inch = 2.13
| Feb precipitation inch = 2.69
| Mar precipitation inch = 3.19
| Apr precipitation inch = 2.59
| May precipitation inch = 4.51
| Jun precipitation inch = 4.23
| Jul precipitation inch = 1.93
| Aug precipitation inch = 2.25
| Sep precipitation inch = 3.70
| Oct precipitation inch = 3.97
| Nov precipitation inch = 2.94
| Dec precipitation inch = 2.75
| year precipitation inch= 36.88
| year precipitation days= 
| year snow days         = 
| source 1               = weather.com<ref name=weather1>{{cite web
| url                    = http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USTX1341 |title =Monthly Averages for Temple, TX |access-date=August 14, 2013 |publisher=[[The Weather Channel]] |work=[[Weather.com]]}}</ref>
| date                   = August 2013
}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
| align = right
| 1890 = 4047
| 1900 = 7065
| 1910 = 10993
| 1920 = 11033
| 1930 = 15345
| 1940 = 15344
| 1950 = 25467
| 1960 = 30419
| 1970 = 33431
| 1980 = 42483
| 1990 = 46109
| 2000 = 54514
| 2010 = 66102
| 2020 = 82073
| estimate = 93095
| estyear = 2023
| estref = <ref name="USCensusEst2023">{{Cite web |title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023 |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-counties-total.html |access-date=March 24, 2024 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref>
| align-fn = center
| footnote = [https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html U.S. Decennial Census]
}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Temple city, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web|title=P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Temple city, Texas |url=https://data.census.gov/table?g=160XX00US4872176&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P004|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date= }}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Temple city, Texas |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US4872176&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date= }}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Temple city, Texas|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US4872176&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date= }}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|34,176
|36,675
|style='background: #ffffe6; |41,976
|62.69%
|55.48%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |51.14%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|8,818
|10,815
|style='background: #ffffe6; |12,031
|16.18%
|16.36%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |14.66%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|200
|226
|style='background: #ffffe6; |281
|0.37%
|0.34%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.34%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|805
|1,336
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2,090
|1.48%
|2.02%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.55%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|33
|72
|style='background: #ffffe6; |158
|0.06%
|0.11%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.19%
|-
|Some Other Race alone (NH)
|56
|68
|style='background: #ffffe6; |354
|0.10%
|0.10%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.43%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed race or Multiracial]] (NH)
|710
|1,216
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3,660
|1.30%
|1.84%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |4.46%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|9,716
|15,694
|style='background: #ffffe6; |21,523
|17.82%
|23.74%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |26.22%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''54,514'''
|'''66,102 '''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''82,073'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}


As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 82,073 people, 28,276 households, and 18,036 families residing in the city.

As of the 2010 [[census]],<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>  66,102 people, 23,359 households, and 15,878 families resided in the city. The population density was {{convert|834.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The 28,005 housing units averaged 359.8 per square mile (138.9/km{{sup|2}}). The [[Race (U.S. Census)|racial makeup]] of the city was 68.1% White, 23.7% Hispanic or Latino, 16.9% African American, 2.1% Asian, 0.6% Native American, 0.1% Pacific Islander,  and 3.3% from two or more races.

Of the 23,359 households, 32.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.6% were married couples living together, 14.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.0% were not families. About 28.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.29.

In the city, the population was distributed as 24.1% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.2 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $47,240 and for a family was $42,795. Males had a median income of $30,858 versus $22,113 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $25,740. About 10.8% of families and 12.5% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 20.0% of those under age 18 and 9.8% of those age 65 or over.  Temple's homeless population is approximately 1.9%.  Assistance to the homeless is provided by Feed My Sheep and the Salvation Army.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.feedmysheeptemple.org/|title=Feed My Sheep|website=Feed My Sheep|access-date=27 August 2017}}</ref>

==Economy==
[[File:Scott and White Hospital, Temple, TX IMG 0682.JPG|thumb|200px|The Baylor Scott & White Medical Center]]
Over 100 years ago, the local economy began with the regional [[BNSF Railway|Santa Fe Railroad]] hospital. Temple now thrives in a complex economy, with both goods distribution and its reputation as a regional medical center leading the way. Baylor Scott & White Health is the largest employer in the area with about 12,000 employees, most located at [[Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – Temple]].

Temple is home to many regional distribution centers and is headquarters to two large, multinational companies, [[Wilsonart]] International and [[McLane Company]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mclaneco.com|title=Home|website=Mclaneco.com|access-date=27 August 2017}}</ref> as well as parent [[Drayton McLane, Jr.#McLane Group|McLane Group]]. In addition to some manufacturing, also a developing customer service/ call center industry exists.  Temple is also home to the Temple Bottling Company, which produces [[Dr Pepper Snapple Group|Dr Pepper]] (with [[Imperial Sugar|Imperial Cane sugar]]).

Temple is within {{convert|30|mi}} of [[Fort Cavazos]], [[Naming Commission|formerly known as Fort Hood]], and military personnel contribute a portion of the city's economy.

==Education==
===Primary and secondary schools===
Temple is largely served by the [[Temple Independent School District]]. The district has one high school, three middle schools, nine elementary schools, and three supplemental learning programs (early childhood center, alternative learning center, and an innovative academy high school program). Students within the local school district attend highly regarded [[Temple High School (Texas)|Temple High School]].<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.txkisd.net/|title= Texas Independent School District|publisher= Texas Independent School District|access-date=August 5, 2012}}</ref> In addition to award-winning academic/honors programs in arts and sciences and the [[International Baccalaureate|International Baccalaureate (IB)]] curriculum, the high-school has a thriving athletic program. In addition, small portions of the city are served by [[Belton Independent School District|Belton ISD]], [[Troy Independent School District|Troy ISD]], and [[Academy Independent School District|Academy ISD]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://templegis.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=12d4618efbc44dca8193578614c866d6 |publisher=City of Temple |title=Geographic Information Systems School Map |access-date=2017-02-12}}</ref>

Several private schools serve Temple, including Christ Church School, [[St. Mary's Catholic School (Temple, Texas)|Saint Mary's Catholic School]] (PreK–8),<ref>{{cite web| url=  http://www.stmarys-temple.org/|title=St. Mary's Catholic School|publisher= St. Mary's Catholic School|access-date=August 5, 2012}}</ref> [https://www.provprep.org/ Providence Preparatory School] (PreK-12), the associated [[Holy Trinity Catholic High School (Texas)|Holy Trinity Catholic High School]],<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.holytrinitychs.org/|title= Holy Trinity Catholic High School|publisher= Holy Trinity Catholic High School|access-date=August 5, 2012}}</ref> and [[Central Texas Christian School]] (K–12).<ref>{{cite web| url=  http://www.ctcslions.com/|title=Central Texas Christian School|publisher= Central Texas Christian School|access-date=August 5, 2012}}</ref>

===Colleges and universities===
[[Temple College]] offers two-year associate degrees in a variety of subjects, with strong programs in business administration, information technology, and nursing. Temple College was the first college located in Temple, and opened in 1926.<ref>{{cite web| url= https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hdt01|title= Temple, Texas|publisher=Texas State Historical Association|access-date=July 29, 2012}}</ref>

Temple is home to one of the [[Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine|Texas A&M College of Medicine]] campuses. It operates in conjunction with the [[Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – Temple]] and the [http://www.centraltexas.va.gov/ Olin Teague Veterans' Hospital Center].  The [https://www.bcm.edu/education/school-of-medicine/m-d-program/campuses-and-admissions/ Baylor College of Medicine] also has a campus in Temple affiliated with [[Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – Temple]].

==Media==
The main city newspaper is the ''[[Temple Daily Telegram]]''. Radio stations licensed in Temple include FM stations KVLT-FM, KBDE-FM, KLTD-FM, and KRYH-LP;<ref>{{cite web |url=https://transition.fcc.gov/fcc-bin/fmq?call=&arn=&state=TX&city=temple&freq=0.0&fre2=107.9&serv=&vac=&facid=&asrn=&class=&list=0&ThisTab=Results+to+This+Page%2FTab&dist=&dlat2=&mlat2=&slat2=&NS=N&dlon2=&mlon2=&slon2=&EW=W&size=9 |title=FM Query Results |publisher=[[Federal Communications Commission]] |access-date=2017-02-12}}</ref> and AM stations News Radio 1400,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://transition.fcc.gov/fcc-bin/amq?call=&arn=&state=TX&city=temple&freq=530&fre2=1700&type=0&facid=&class=&list=1&ThisTab=Results+to+This+Page%2FTab&dist=&dlat2=&mlat2=&slat2=&NS=N&dlon2=&mlon2=&slon2=&EW=W&size=9 |title=AM Query Results |publisher=[[Federal Communications Commission]] |access-date=2017-02-12}}</ref> and a number of other nearby radio stations can be heard in Temple.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.radiolineup.com/locate/Temple-TX |title=Temple, Texas Radio Stations |access-date=2017-02-12 |publisher=Radio Lineup}}</ref>  A number of broadcast television channels are available in the city: [[KCEN-TV]] (NBC), [[KWTX-TV]] (CBS/Telemundo), [[KXXV-TV]] (ABC), [[KWKT-TV]] (Fox), [[KNCT-TV]] (The CW), plus several alternate broadcast channels including MeTV, Cozi, iON, MyNetworkTV, grit and local weather.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tvtv.us/tx/temple/lu21321 |publisher=TVTV.us |title=Broadcast-Temple, TX}}</ref> For cable and satellite television service, Temple is served by [[Charter Communications|Charter Spectrum]] (formerly Time Warner Cable), [[DirecTV]], [[Dish Network]], and [[Grande Communications]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tvtv.us/tx/temple |publisher=TVTV.com |title=Temple, Texas Channel lineups |access-date=2017-02-12}}</ref>

==Infrastructure==
===Transportation===
The [[Hill Country Transit District]] (The HOP) operates three bus routes within the city, with an additional bus connection to [[Killeen, Texas|Killeen]].

Temple was founded as a railroad junction and serves as a major freight railroad hub to this day. Both the [[Union Pacific Railroad]] and [[BNSF Railway]] have mainlines serving the city, and a BNSF [[Classification yard|rail yard]] and [[locomotive]] maintenance facility are located here. [[Amtrak]] serves the city with its ''[[Texas Eagle]]'' passenger train, which stops at the [[Temple (Amtrak station)|Temple Railway Station]].

Temple has [[general aviation]] services via [[Draughon-Miller Central Texas Regional Airport]].  While [[commercial airline]] service is not currently available in the city, Temple is served by these nearby airports:

* [[Killeen Regional Airport]] in Killeen (32 miles west)
* [[Waco Regional Airport]] in Waco (44 miles north)
* [[Austin-Bergstrom International Airport]] in Austin (74 miles south)

====High-speed rail====
In 2009, the [[Texas Department of Transportation]] (TxDOT)  proposed the Texas T-Bone High Speed Rail Corridor that would create a [[high-speed rail]] line from [[Dallas]]-[[Fort Worth]] to [[San Antonio]] and another line from [[Houston]] that would connect with the first line.<ref>ftp://ftp.dot.state.tx.us/pub/txdot-info/stimulus/t_bone.pdf</ref> While the location for the connection of the two lines had not been officially established, the mayor at the time, Bill Jones III, made an effort to ensure that connection happened in Temple.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://trains4america.wordpress.com/2009/06/17/temple-texas-mayor-bill-jones-on-t-bone-high-speed-rail/|title=Temple, Texas Mayor Bill Jones on "T-Bone" high speed rail|date=18 June 2009|website=Trains4america.wordpress.com|access-date=27 August 2017}}</ref> Temple would be a stop along the line, regardless of where that connection between the two lines would be. The next year in 2010, TxDOT received a federal grant to conduct a study for a line connecting [[Oklahoma City]] with San Antonio, and Temple was in the pathway of that  line.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nbcdfw.com/news/local/Texas-Awarded-56-M-For-High-Speed-Rail-Grant-106128608.html|title=Texas Awarded $5.6 M For High-Speed Rail Grant|website=Nbcdfw.com|date=October 28, 2010 |access-date=27 August 2017}}</ref> In 2013, a consultant for the Texas High Speed Rail Corporation stated that the only two connections being considered for the two lines were a connection in Temple and a connection in San Antonio; they expected to make that decision by the end of 2014. The organization also indicated that they plan to have the high-speed rail in operation by 2025.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kbtx.com/home/headlines/Bryan-City-Council-Gets-Update-On-High-Speed-Rail-Project-225110602.html|title=Bryan City Council Gets Update On High Speed Rail Project|website=Kbtx.com|access-date=27 August 2017}}</ref> If that connection occurred in Temple, the Killeen – Temple – Fort Hood metropolitan area, with a population of 420,375, would be within about 45 minutes of Dallas, Fort Worth, Houston, and San Antonio.

===Health care===
[[File:Scott-white-hospital-temple.jpg|thumb|Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – Temple]]

Temple is known as a regional [[Academic health science centre|medical center]], with four major hospitals: [[Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – Temple|Baylor Scott & White Medical Center]], Baylor Scott & White McLane Children's Medical Center, Olin E. Teague Veterans' Medical Center, and McLane Children's Specialty Clinic. Baylor Scott & White Health is the largest employer in town with over 11,000 employees.

===Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board===
The [[Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board]] has its headquarters in Temple.<ref>"[http://www.tsswcb.state.tx.us/en/contact Contact Us] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100725201815/http://www.tsswcb.state.tx.us/en/contact |date=2010-07-25 }}." [[Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board]]. Retrieved on June 3, 2010.</ref>

===Law enforcement===
Temple is policed by the Temple Police Department and the Bell County Sheriff's Office. The [[Texas Department of Criminal Justice]]  operates a regional office in the city.<ref>"[http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/parole/parole-directory/paroledir-rgnldisparoff4.htm Parole Division Region IV] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110904002737/http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/parole/parole-directory/paroledir-rgnldisparoff4.htm |date=2011-09-04 }}." [[Texas Department of Criminal Justice]]. Retrieved on May 21, 2010.</ref> The [[Texas Highway Patrol]] maintains an office on I-35 in Temple.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://propaccess.bellcad.org/clientdb/Property.aspx?prop_id=110482 |title=Property Search Results > 110482 STATE OF TEXAS for Year 2017 |access-date=2017-02-12 |publisher=Bell County Appraisal District}}</ref>

===Postal service===
The [[United States Postal Service]] operates a regional office in the city.<ref>[http://usps.whitepages.com/service/post_office/temple-401-n-main-st-temple-tx-1435908 Post Office Location – TEMPLE] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100522180434/http://usps.whitepages.com/service/post_office/temple-401-n-main-st-temple-tx-1435908 |date=2010-05-22 }} [[United States Postal Service]]. Retrieved on May 21, 2010.</ref>

==Notable people==
* [[Ki Aldrich]], NFL Football Player
* [[Sammy Baugh]], Hall of Fame football player for the [[Washington Redskins]]
* [[Britt Daniel]], singer, songwriter, musician with Spoon
* [[Kenneth Davis (American football)|Kenneth Davis]], football player
* [[Brad Dusek]], football player
* [[Gloria Feldt]], author, women's rights advocate, former CEO and president of [[Planned Parenthood]]
* [[Forrest Fenn|Forrest B Fenn]], Vietnam veteran, art gallery owner, author, and creator of the [[Fenn treasure]]
* [[Brian Floca]], author-illustrator and winner of the [[Caldecott Medal]]
* [[Noel Francis]], actress
* [[Ryan Goins]], MLB player
* [[Rufus Granderson]], football player
* [[Joe Greene|"Mean" Joe Greene]], NTU graduate and Hall of Fame football player for the [[Pittsburgh Steelers]]
* [[Bernard A. Harris Jr.]], astronaut
* [[Little Joe (singer)|Jose Maria de Leon Hernandez]], also known as "Little Joe", [[Grammy Award]]-winning leader of Little Joe y La Familia
* [[Logan Henderson]], singer, songwriter, actor
* [[Walter Iooss]], photographer
* [[Blind Willie Johnson]] (1897–1945), singer, songwriter, guitarist
* [[George Koch]] (1919–1966), football player
* [[Drayton McLane, Jr.]], former CEO of McLane Company and local philanthropist
* [[Craig McMurtry]], former pitcher for the [[Atlanta Braves]] and [[Texas Rangers (baseball)|Texas Rangers]], baseball coach for [[Temple College]]
* [[Eric Paslay]], country singer
* [[Ted Poe]], US congressman from the 2nd District of Texas
* [[Dan Pope]], mayor of [[Lubbock, Texas|Lubbock]] since 2016; raised in Temple
* [[Andre President]], football player
* [[Ben H. Procter]], historian
* [[Jordan Shipley]], NFL football player
* [[Bob Simmons (offensive lineman)|Bob Simmons]], football player
* [[Brian Skinner]], basketball player
* [[Mark Skolnick]] (born 1946 in Temple), geneticist
* [[Rip Torn]], actor
* [[Paul White (racing driver)|Paul White]], racing driver

== See also ==
* {{Portal inline|Texas}}

== Explanatory notes ==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Temple (Texas) |volume=26 |page=603|short=x}}
* [https://www.templetx.gov/ City of Temple official website]

{{Bell County, Texas}}
{{Texas}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Temple, Texas| ]]
[[Category:1881 establishments in Texas]]
[[Category:Cities in Bell County, Texas]]
[[Category:Cities in Texas]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1881]]
[[Category:Killeen–Temple–Fort Hood metropolitan area]]