Editing Tamms, Illinois

{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Tamms, Illinois
| official_name      = 
| native_name        = 
| native_name_lang   = 
| other_name         = 
| settlement_type    = [[List of towns and villages in Illinois|Village]]
| image_skyline      = Tamms Depot front.jpg
| imagesize          = 
| image_alt          = 
| image_caption      = Tamms Depot, now the village hall
| image_flag         = 
| image_seal         = 
| etymology          = 
| nickname           = 
| motto              = 
| anthem             = 
| image_map          = File:Alexander County Illinois Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Tamms Highlighted.svg
| mapsize            = 
| map_alt            = 
| map_caption        = Location of Tamms in Illinois
| image_map1         = Illinois in United States (US48).svg
| mapsize1           = 
| map_alt1           = 
| map_caption1       = Location of Illinois in the United States
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| coordinates        = {{coord|37|14|25|N|89|15|53|W|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint      = 
| coordinates_footnotes = 
| grid_name          = 
| grid_position      = 
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = {{USA}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1  = {{flag|Illinois}}
| subdivision_type2  = [[List of counties in Illinois|County]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Alexander County, Illinois|Alexander]]
| subdivision_type3  = [[List of precincts in Illinois|Precinct]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Tamms Precinct, Alexander County, Illinois|Tamms]]
| subdivision_type4  = 
| subdivision_name4  = 
| established_title  = Founded
| established_date   = 
| established_title1 = 
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| extinct_title      = 
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| founder            = 
| named_for          = 
| seat_type          = 
| seat               = 
| seat1_type         = 
| seat1              = 
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = 
| governing_body     = 
| leader_party       = 
| leader_title       = Mayor
| leader_name        = 
| leader_title1      = Village president
| leader_name1       = 
| total_type         = 
| unit_pref          = Imperial
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_17.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=March 15, 2022}}</ref>
| area_total_sq_mi   = 2.33
| area_land_sq_mi    = 2.33
| area_water_sq_mi   = 0.00
| area_water_percent = 0
| area_metro_footnotes = 
| area_metro_sq_mi   = 
| area_rank          = 
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft       = 341
| elevation_point    = 
| population_as_of   = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes = 
| population_total   = 430
| pop_est_as_of      = 
| pop_est_footnotes  = 
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| population_rank    = 
| population_density_sq_mi = 184.39
| population_metro_footnotes = 
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| timezone1          = [[North American Central Time Zone|CST]]
| utc_offset1        = -6
| timezone1_DST      = [[North American Central Time Zone|CDT]]
| utc_offset1_DST    = -5
| timezone2          = 
| utc_offset2        = 
| timezone2_DST      = 
| utc_offset2_DST    = 
| postal_code_type   = [[ZIP code|ZIP Code(s)]]
| postal_code        = 62988
| postal2_code_type  = 
| postal2_code       = 
| area_code_type     = 
| area_code          = [[Area code 618#United States|618]]
| geocode            = 
| iso_code           = 
| blank_name         = [[Federal Information Processing Standards|FIPS code]]
| blank_info         = 17-74457
| blank1_name        = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info        = 2399951<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2399951}}</ref>
| blank2_name        = 
| blank2_info        = 
| blank_name_sec2    = 
| blank_info_sec2    = 
| blank1_name_sec2   = 
| blank1_info_sec2   = 
| blank2_name_sec2   = Wikimedia Commons
| blank2_info_sec2   = Tamms, Illinois
| website            = 
| footnotes          = 
| area_total_km2     = 6.04
| area_land_km2      = 6.04
| area_water_km2     = 0.00
| population_density_km2 = 71.21
}}
'''Tamms''' is a village in [[Tamms Precinct, Alexander County, Illinois|Tamms Precinct]], [[Alexander County, Illinois|Alexander County]], [[Illinois]], [[United States]]. The population was 430 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], down from 632 at the 2010 census.<ref name="Census 2010">{{cite web| url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US1774457| archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212181525/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US1774457| url-status=dead| archive-date=February 12, 2020| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Tamms village, Illinois (with revision R15966)| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| accessdate=May 8, 2013}}</ref> It is part of the [[Cape Girardeau, Missouri|Cape Girardeau]]&ndash;[[Jackson, Missouri|Jackson]], [[Missouri|MO]]-IL [[Cape Girardeau-Jackson metropolitan area|Metropolitan Statistical Area]].

==History==
Tamms was established under the name of Idlewild in 1883.<ref>[http://genealogytrails.com/ill/alexander/tamms.htm history of Tamms]</ref>

The railroad service ended in the 1970s and therefore the economy declined.<ref>{{cite web|last=Parker|first=Molly|url=https://thesouthern.com/news/local/acha/egyptian-high-alumni-near-and-far-take-on-rural-urban-divide/article_d7c82e53-0133-5405-86dd-e903808793a6.html|title=Egyptian High alumni near and far take on rural-urban divide |newspaper=[[The Southern Illinoisan]]|date=2017-10-18|accessdate=2022-02-24}}</ref>

Tamms is the location of the [[Tamms Correctional Center]], a super-maximum correctional facility that was operated by the [[Illinois Department of Corrections]] and housed the State of Illinois [[execution chamber]]. Illinois abolished the death penalty in 2011. This prison was closed in 2013.

==Geography==
Tamms is located at {{coord|37|14|25|N|89|15|53|W|type:city}} (37.240207, -89.264822).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>

According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Tamms has a total area of {{convert|2.33|sqmi|km2|2}}, all land.<ref name="gaz2021">{{Cite web |publisher=United States Census Bureau |title=Gazetteer Files |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=Census.gov}}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|align=left|1910= 400
|1920= 822
|1930= 717
|1940= 777
|1950= 665
|1960= 548
|1970= 645
|1980= 826
|1990= 748
|2000= 724
|2010= 632
|2020= 430
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}

===2020 census===
''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.''

As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US1774457 |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> there were 430 people, 220 households, and 148 families residing in the village. The population density was {{Convert|184.39|PD/sqmi|PD/km2}}. There were 238 housing units at an average density of {{Convert|102.06|/sqmi|/km2}}. The racial makeup of the village was 67.91% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 28.60% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.93% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], and 2.56% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.63% of the population.

There were 220 households, out of which 31.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.36% were married couples living together, 10.45% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.73% were non-families. 28.18% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.18% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.63 and the average family size was 2.91.

The village's age distribution consisted of 25.2% under the age of 18, 4.0% from 18 to 24, 20.8% from 25 to 44, 34.1% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 166.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 151.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $45,227, and the median income for a family was $47,045. Males had a median income of $38,295 versus $39,605 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the village was $18,068. About 8.8% of families and 17.5% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 11.3% of those under age 18 and 25.2% of those age 65 or over.
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Tamms racial composition'''<br> (''NH = Non-Hispanic'')<ref>{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US1774457&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |access-date=2022-03-08 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>
!Race
!Number
!Percentage
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] (NH)
|286
|66.51%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] (NH)
|123
|28.6%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] (NH)
|4
|0.93%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed/Multi-Racial]] (NH)
|10
|2.33%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]]
|7
|1.63%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''430'''
|
|}

==Government and infrastructure==
Tamms was the location of the former [[Tamms Correctional Center]], a super-maximum correctional facility operated by the [[Illinois Department of Corrections]] which was closed in January 2013.<ref>"[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/MapItDrawServlet?geo_id=16000US1774457&_bucket_id=50&tree_id=420&context=saff&_lang=en&_sse=on Tamms village, Illinois] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608213830/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/MapItDrawServlet?geo_id=16000US1774457&_bucket_id=50&tree_id=420&context=saff&_lang=en&_sse=on |date=2011-06-08 }}." [[U.S. Census Bureau]]. Retrieved on August 15, 2010.</ref><ref>"[http://www.idoc.state.il.us/subsections/facilities/information.asp?instchoice=tam Tamms Correctional Center]." [[Illinois Department of Corrections]]. Retrieved on September 1, 2010.</ref> The State of Illinois [[execution chamber]] was at Tamms.<ref>"[http://www.idoc.state.il.us/subsections/reports/other/Tamms%20CMAX%20Overview%20and%20Ten%20Point%20Plan.pdf Tamms Closed Maximum Security Unit: Ten-Point Plan Brief]." Illinois Department of Corrections. 3 (9/51). September 3, 2009. Retrieved on September 1, 2010.</ref> Prior to the January 11, 2003 commutation of death row sentences, male death row inmates were housed in Tamms, [[Menard Correctional Center|Menard]], and [[Pontiac Correctional Center|Pontiac]] correctional centers. After that date, only Pontiac continued to host the male death row.<ref>"[http://www.idoc.state.il.us/subsections/news/doc_report/archive/doc_report_online_03_07_03.shtml DOC Report Online]." [[Illinois Department of Corrections]]. Retrieved on September 1, 2010.</ref> The death penalty was abolished in Illinois in March 2011.

==Education==
The school district is the [[Egyptian School District]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st17_il/schooldistrict_maps/c17003_alexander/DC20SD_C17003.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Alexander County, IL|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2022-02-23}}</ref>

In previous eras [[Tamms Community High School]] was the public high school.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Portal|Illinois}}
{{Alexander County, Illinois}}

[[Category:Villages in Alexander County, Illinois]]
[[Category:1883 establishments in Illinois]]
[[Category:Villages in Illinois]]