Editing TAT-12/13

{{Short description|Transatlantic telephone cable}}
'''TAT-12/13''' is a ring cable system consisting of the 12th and 13th consortia [[transatlantic telephone cable]]s, in operation from 1996, initially carrying 2 × 5&nbsp;Gbit/s.

This was the first TAT cable to use a ring structure, involving two stretches of cable across the ocean floor, which explains why two numbers (12 and 13) were used. All later cables also use a ring structure, but only use one number ([[TAT-14]] etc.). The cable connected between [[Long Island]] (at [[Shirley, New York]]), USA; [[Green Hill, Rhode Island]], USA; [[Porthcurno]], UK; [[Bude]], UK; and [[Penmarch]], France.<ref>"The TAT-12/13 Cable Network", IEEE Communications Magazine, February 1996, Volume 34, Number 2</ref>

The cable was constructed for US$740 million and was supplied jointly by AT&T Submarine Systems, Inc (now TE Subcom owned by [[TE Connectivity]]), STC Submarine Systems (acquired by [[Alcatel-Lucent]]) and Alcatel Submarcom. Ring switching equipment was provided by the Toshiba Corporation in each of the four cable stations.

The cables in this system were the first on the trans-Atlantic route to make use of [[erbium-doped fiber amplifier]]s.

The TAT-12/13 consortia removed the cable from normal commercial service on 31 December 2008.{{citation needed|date=April 2019}}

==Footnotes==
{{reflist}}

==Sources==
* {{cite journal|last1=Trischitta|first1= Patrick|last2=Colas|first2= Michel|last3=Green|first3= Mick|last4=Wuzniak|first4= George|last5=Arena|first5= John|journal=IEEE Communications Magazine|date=February 1996|volume=34|issue=2|pages=24–28|title=The TAT-12/13 Cable Network|doi=10.1109/35.481240}}

{{Transatlantic telephone cables}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tat-12 13}}
[[Category:Infrastructure completed in 1996]]
[[Category:Transatlantic communications cables]]
[[Category:France–United Kingdom relations]]
[[Category:France–United States relations]]
[[Category:United Kingdom–United States relations]]
[[Category:1996 establishments in England]]
[[Category:1996 establishments in France]]
[[Category:1996 establishments in New York (state)]]
[[Category:1996 establishments in Rhode Island]]


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