Editing Svitava (river)

{{Infobox river
| name              = Svitava
| image             = Svitava v Brně, ulice Olomoucká.jpg
| image_caption     = The Svitava in [[Brno]]
| source1_location  = [[Svitavy]], [[Svitavy Uplands]]
| mouth_location    = [[Svratka (river)|Svratka]]
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|49|8|32|N|16|37|42|E|display=it}}
| progression       = {{RSvratka}}
| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_name1 = [[Czech Republic]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Regions of the Czech Republic|Regions]]
| subdivision_name2 = {{hlist|[[Pardubice Region|Pardubice]]|[[South Moravian Region|South Moravian]]}}
| length_km         = 98.4
| source1_elevation = {{cvt|472|m}}
| mouth_elevation   = {{cvt|191|m}}
| discharge1_avg    = {{convert|5.22|m3/s|abbr=on}} near estuary
| basin_size_km2    = 1149.4
}}
The '''Svitava''' ({{langx|de|Zwittawa}}) is a [[river]] in the [[Czech Republic]], a left [[tributary]] of the [[Svratka (river)|Svratka]] River. It flows through the [[Pardubice Region|Pardubice]] and [[South Moravian Region|South Moravian]] regions. It is {{convert|98.4|km|abbr=on}} long.

==Etymology==
The river's name referred to its clear water and was derived from ''svítat'', which meant "[be] clear" in [[Old Czech]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Svitavy: městu dala jméno průzračná řeka|url=https://pardubice.rozhlas.cz/svitavy-mestu-dala-jmeno-pruzracna-reka-6049710|publisher=[[Czech Radio]]|language=cs|date=2014-09-17|access-date=2021-10-14}}</ref> The river is first documented in 1125 in ''[[Chronica Boemorum]]''.<ref name=svitavy>{{cite web |title=Historie|url=https://www.svitavy.cz/o-meste/informace/historie|publisher=Město Svitavy|language=cs|access-date=2023-10-27}}</ref>

==Characteristic==
[[File:Soutok Svratky a Svitavy za obvyklých podmínek.jpg|thumb|Confluence of the Svitava (right) and Svratka]]
The Svitava originates in the territory of [[Svitavy]] in the [[Svitavy Uplands]] at an elevation of {{cvt|472|m}} and flows to [[Brno]], where it enters the Svratka River at an elevation of {{cvt|191|m}}. It is {{convert|98.4|km|abbr=on}} long. Its [[drainage basin]] has an area of {{convert|1149.4|km2|abbr=on}}.<ref name=dibavod>{{cite web |title=Základní charakteristiky toku Svitava a jeho povodí|url=https://www.dibavod.cz/download.php?id_souboru=2408|publisher=T. G. Masaryk Water Research Institute|language=cs|access-date=2023-10-27}}</ref>

The longest tributaries of the Svitava are:<ref>{{cite web |title=Vodní toky|url=https://mapy.chmi.cz/ords/chmi_app/r/fewshlprf/stream-list?|work=Evidence hlásných profilů|publisher=[[Czech Hydrometeorological Institute]]|language=cs|access-date=2024-10-17}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Tributary !! Length (km) !! River km !! Side
|-
| [[Křetínka]] || 31.4 || 66.4 || right
|-
| [[Punkva]] || 26.4 || 32.9 || left
|-
| Bělá || 21.4 || 49.5 || left
|-
| Semíč || 17.9 || 55.2 || left
|-
| Býkovka || 16.1 || 40.6 || right
|-
| Úmoří || 16.0 || 51.2 || right
|-
| Křtinský potok || 15.5 || 24.7 || left
|}

==Settlements==
[[File:Soutok Křetínky a Svitavy v jižní části Letovic, okres Blansko.jpg|thumb|Counfluence of the Svitava (right) and Křetínka in [[Letovice]]]]
The river valley is densely populated and there are many relatively notable settlements on the river.<ref>{{cite web |title=Řeka Svitava|url=https://www.kudyznudy.cz/aktivity/reka-svitava|publisher=CzechTourism|language=cs|access-date=2023-10-27}}</ref> Apart from the city of Brno, the most significant towns on the river are [[Blansko]] and [[Svitavy]], named after the river.<ref name=svitavy/> The river flows through the municipal territories of Svitavy, [[Hradec nad Svitavou]], [[Banín]], [[Březová nad Svitavou]], [[Brněnec]], [[Rozhraní]], [[Stvolová]], [[Skrchov]], [[Letovice]], [[Svitávka]], [[Boskovice]], [[Skalice nad Svitavou]], [[Lhota Rapotina]], [[Doubravice nad Svitavou]], [[Rájec-Jestřebí]], [[Ráječko]], Blansko, [[Olomučany]], [[Adamov (Blansko District)|Adamov]], [[Bílovice nad Svitavou]] and Brno.

==Bodies of water==
There are 583 bodies of water in the basin area. The largest of them is the Letovice Reservoir with an area of {{cvt|98|ha}}, built on the Křetínka.<ref name=dibavod/> Two fishponds are built on the upper course of the Svitava.

==Use==
There are a large number of mills and hydroelectric power stations on the river.<ref name=padler>{{cite web |title=Svitava – řeka plná jezů|url=https://www.padler.cz/vodacky-pruvodce/svitava-reka-plna-jezu/|publisher=Pádler|language=cs|date=2017-11-10|access-date=2023-10-27}}</ref>

==Tourism==
The Svitava is suitable for [[nautical tourism|river tourism]]. The river is navigable all year round, but there are many [[weir]]s on it. The most popular section for paddlers is between Letovice and Blansko.<ref name=padler/>

==See also==
*[[List of rivers of the Czech Republic]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Svitava}}
*[https://hydro.chmi.cz/hppsoldv/hpps_prfdyn.php?seq=306989 River flow at Bílovice nad Svitavou station] – Flood Warning and Forecasting Service of the [[Czech Hydrometeorological Institute]]

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Rivers of the Pardubice Region]]
[[Category:Rivers of the South Moravian Region]]
[[Category:Rivers of the Czech Republic]]