Editing Survival International

{{Short description|Indigenous Peoples Human Rights NGO}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2015}}{{use mdy dates|date=January 2022}}
{{Infobox organization
| name                     = Survival International
| logo                     = Survival International logo.svg
| type                     = [[International non-governmental organization]]
| founded_date             = {{start date and age|1969}}
| location                 = [[London]], {{postcode|EC|1}}<br/>United Kingdom
| key_people               = Professor James Wood (Chairman)<br>[[Robin Hanbury-Tenison]] (President)<br> Caroline Pearce (Director)
| area_served              = Worldwide
| awards                   = [[Right Livelihood Award]]
| focus                    = [[Indigenous rights]]
| method                   = Media attention, education, mass letter-writing, research, lobbying
| revenue                  = £1.18 million
| revenue_year             = 2022
| expenses                 = £1.41 million
| expenses_year            = 2022
| num_members              = 
| homepage                 = {{URL|http://www.survivalinternational.org/}}
}}
{{Indigenous rights}}
'''Survival International''' is a [[human rights]] organisation formed in 1969, a London based charity that campaigns for the [[collective rights]] of [[indigenous peoples|Indigenous]], [[Tribal people|tribal]] and [[uncontacted peoples]].

The organisation's campaigns generally focus on tribal peoples' desires to keep their ancestral lands. Survival International calls these peoples [[social vulnerability|socially vulnerable]], and aims to eradicate what it calls 'misconceptions' used to justify violations of human rights. It also aims to publicize harm caused to tribes by corporations and governments. Survival International states that it aims to help foster tribal people's [[self-determination]].

Survival International is in association with the [[United Nations Department of Global Communications]] and in consultative status with the [[United Nations Economic and Social Council|UN Economic and Social Council]]. To ensure freedom of action, Survival accepts no government funding. It is a founding member and a signatory organization of the ''Accountability Charter'' ([[INGO Accountability Charter]]). Survival has offices in Amsterdam, Berlin, London, Madrid, Milan, Paris, and San Francisco.

==History==

Survival International was founded in 1969 (as the "Primitive Peoples Fund") after an article by [[Norman Lewis (author)|Norman Lewis]] in ''[[The Sunday Times]]'' Magazine<ref>Lewis, Norman (23 February 1969), "Genocide", ''Sunday Times Magazine'', pp. 34–59.</ref> highlighted the massacres, land thefts and [[Genocide of indigenous peoples in Brazil|genocide taking place in Brazilian Amazonia]].<ref name="survivalinternational">{{cite web|url=http://www.survivalinternational.org/info|title=Survival International - The movement for tribal peoples|first=Survival|last=International|website=www.SurvivalInternational.org|access-date=20 May 2017|archive-date=19 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519142147/http://www.survivalinternational.org/info|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/article5716227.ece |title=The tribe that stood their ground |newspaper=Times |date=15 February 2009 |access-date=14 July 2009 |location=London |first=Christina |last=Lamb |archive-date=11 May 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090511233856/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/article5716227.ece |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Evans2009">{{cite book |last=Evans |first=Julian |title=Semi-Invisible Man: The Life of Norman Lewis |year=2008 |publisher=Jonathan Cape|isbn=978-0-224-07275-5 |pages=515–518}}</ref> In 1971, the fledgling organisation visited [[Brazil]] to observe the [[Fundação Nacional do Índio]] (FUNAI) government agency responsible for tribal peoples there.<ref name="Maini2000">{{cite book|last=Maini|first=Darshan Singh|title=Political Anthropology |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4LzTh1TIPa4C&pg=PA170 |year=2000 |publisher=Mittal Publications |isbn=978-81-7099-785-6 |page=170}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Bunyard|first1=Peter|author-link1=Peter Bunyard|title=Peter Bunyard on The Ecologist, Teddy Goldsmith, James Lovelock and Gaia|url=http://www.artcornwall.org/interviews/Peter_Bunyard2.htm|website=ArtCornwall.org|access-date=21 April 2016|archive-date=8 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508085236/http://www.artcornwall.org/interviews/Peter_Bunyard2.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> After a name change, Survival International incorporated as an English company in 1972 and registered as a charity in 1974.<ref>{{EW charity|267444|Survival International Charitable Trust}}</ref> According to the autobiography of its first chairman, the explorer [[Robin Hanbury-Tenison]], while travelling with the [[ethnobotany|ethnobotanist]] [[Conrad Gorinsky]] in the [[Amazon basin|Amazon]] in 1968,<ref name="HT125">Hanbury-Tenison, 1991, pp 125–126.</ref>
{{quote|"We decided that an organisation should be created to oppose these short-sighted policies; that it should be based upon principles which take into account the Indians' own desires and needs rather than our society's prejudices; that it should strive to protect the rights of Indians to their lands, their cultures and their identity; that it should foster respect for and research into their knowledge and experience so that through being recognised as experts they should be allowed to survive and we should learn from them and so contribute to our own survival. Thus the concept of Survival International was born. When, a few months later, exposure in the European press of the atrocities perpetrated in Brazil against the Brazilian Indians by the very agency created to protect them, roused public opinion, we were ready to join in the slow process of raising money and building an organisation."|Robin Hanbury-Tenison - President and co-founder of Survival International<ref name=HT125/>}}

It was the first in this field to use mass letter-writing, having orchestrated several campaigns in many different places throughout the world, such as [[Siberia]], [[Canada]], and [[Kenya]]. Several campaigns were able to bring change to government policies regarding the rights of local Indigenous people. In 2000, this form of struggle was successful in driving the Indian government to abandon their plan to relocate the isolated [[Jarawa people (Andaman Islands)|Jarawa]] tribe, after receiving 150-200 letters a day from Survival supporters around the world. Shortly before that, the governor of western Siberia imposed a five-year ban on all oil licences in the territory of the Yugan Khanty within weeks of Survival issuing a bulletin.<ref name="survivalinternational"/> Survival was also the first organisation to draw attention to the destructive effects of [[World Bank]] projects – now recognised as a major cause of suffering in many poor countries.<ref name="survivalinternational"/><ref>{{cite book |title=Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics |last=E. Keck |first=Margaret |publisher=Cornell University Press |year=1998 |isbn=0-8014-8456-1 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/activistassinfro00keck }}</ref>

Survival is the only international pro-tribal peoples organisation to have received the [[Right Livelihood Award]], as well as the Spanish "Premio Léon Felipe" and the Italian "Medaglia della Presidenza della Camera dei Deputati".<ref name="survivalinternational"/><ref name=rightlivelihoodaward>{{cite web|url=http://www.rightlivelihood.org/survival.html|title=The Right Livelihood Award - Survival International (1989)|website=rightlivelihood.org|access-date=20 May 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012184752/http://www.rightlivelihood.org/survival.html|archive-date=12 October 2007}}</ref>

==Structure and aims==
Survival International works for tribal peoples' rights on three complementary levels: education, advocacy and campaigns. It also offers tribal people a platform to address the world, while connecting with local Indigenous organisations, with focus on tribal peoples under more urgent threat from contact with the outside world.<ref name="survivalinternational"/><ref>{{cite book |title=Human Rights Worldwide: A Reference Handbook |last=F. Kabasakal Arat |first=Zehra |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2006 |isbn=1-85109-762-7 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/humanrightsworld0000kaba }}</ref> The educational programs are aimed at people in the Western world, aiming at "demolishing the myth that tribal people are relics, destined to perish through 'progress'". Survival seeks to promote respect for their cultures and explain their relevance today in preserving their way of life.<ref>{{cite book |title=Exotic No More: Anthropology on the Front Lines |last=MacClancy |first=Jeremy |publisher=University Of Chicago Press |year=2002 |isbn=0-226-50013-6 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/exoticnomoreanth00macc }}</ref>

{{quote|"If we want to help societies our first job is to listen, rather than to dictate what we think they need, and we must be prepared to be surprised.  This is not just to do with remote tribal peoples: it's of vital relevance to all in a world where ideas of multiculturalism are misunderstood and under attack and where some increasingly want to force their views on others."|[[Stephen Corry]], former Director of Survival International, April 2007<ref name=survivalinternationalleadersmessage>{{cite web |url=http://www.survivalinternational.org/news/2338 |title=Leaders back Survival's message |work=Survival International |date=10 April 2007 |access-date=31 October 2009 |archive-date=29 October 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091029192542/http://www.survivalinternational.org/news/2338 |url-status=live }}</ref>}}

Survival has supporters in 82 countries. Its materials are published in many languages throughout the world. It is a registered charity in the [[United Kingdom]] and the equivalent in [[Germany]], [[France]], [[Italy]], [[Spain]], and the [[United States]], and can receive tax-free donations in the [[Netherlands]].

Survival refuses government funding, depending exclusively on public support, in order to ensure freedom of action.<ref name="survivalinternational"/> All the people sent into the field belong to Survival International staff, none are sponsored volunteers or visitors of any kind. Overseas projects are carried and managed by tribes themselves.<ref name=survivalinternationalwork>{{cite web|url=http://www.survivalinternational.org/info/work|title=Jobs|first=Survival|last=International|website=www.survivalinternational.org|access-date=20 May 2017|archive-date=4 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170604073359/http://www.survivalinternational.org/info/work|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Tribes==
There are more than 150&nbsp;million tribal people worldwide, including at least 100 [[uncontacted peoples]] in 60 countries. Survival International supports these endangered tribes on a global level, with campaigns established in America, Africa and Asia.<ref name=survivalinternationaltribes>{{cite web|url=http://www.survivalinternational.org/tribes|title=Tribes & campaigns|first=Survival|last=International|website=www.survivalinternational.org|access-date=20 May 2017|archive-date=22 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170522142013/http://www.survivalinternational.org/tribes/|url-status=live}}</ref> Most of them have been persecuted and face genocide by diseases, relocation from their homes by logging and mining, and eviction by settlers.<ref>{{cite book |title=Botswana: Okavango Delta, Chobe, Northern Kalahari, 2nd: The Bradt Travel Guide |last=McIntyre |first=Chris |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|year=2007 |isbn=978-1-84162-166-1}}</ref> 
{{quote box|width=30%|align=right|quote="The Ayoreo-Totobiegosode and the Bushmen and the Jarawa live in totally contrasting environments across three continents, yet the racism and threats they face are startlingly similar ... Unless these tribes are allowed to live on their own land in peace, they will not survive."|source=[[Stephen Corry]], Survival International's former director<ref name=independenthowadvanced>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/politics/how-advance-of-the-modern-world-threatens-to-wipe-out-lost-tribes-99673.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220525/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/politics/how-advance-of-the-modern-world-threatens-to-wipe-out-lost-tribes-99673.html |archive-date=May 25, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=How advance of the modern world threatens to wipe out lost tribes? |newspaper=[[The Independent]] |date=9 August 2003 |access-date=20 January 2022 | location=London | first=Steve | last=Connor}}</ref>}}
Survival believes that Indigenous rights to land ownership, although recognised by [[international law]], are not effectively respected, with tribes being invaded by activities such as oil and mineral mining, logging, cattle ranching, private or government "development" schemes such as building of roads and dams, or for nature reserves and game parks. Beyond these economic causes for exploitive invasions, Survival highlights ignorance and racism that sees tribal peoples as backward and primitive. Survival believes that in the long-term, public opinion is the most effective force for change.<ref name="survivalinternational"/><ref name="survivalinternationalfaq"/>

The impact of the outside world on the existence of Indigenous peoples and their cultures is described as being very dramatic. In Siberia, only 10% of the tribal peoples live a nomadic or semi-nomadic life, compared to 70% 30 years ago.<ref name=survivalinternationaltribessiberian>{{cite web|url=http://www.survivalinternational.org/tribes/siberian|title=Siberian Tribes|first=Survival|last=International|website=www.SurvivalInternational.org|access-date=20 May 2017|archive-date=25 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525135752/http://www.survivalinternational.org/tribes/siberian|url-status=live}}</ref> In Brazil – where Survival believes most of the world's uncontacted tribes, probably more than 50, live – there are about 400 speakers for 110 languages.<ref name=survivalinternationaltribesbrazilian>{{cite web|url=http://www.survivalinternational.org/tribes/brazilian|title=Brazilian Indians|first=Survival|last=International|website=www.SurvivalInternational.org|access-date=20 May 2017|archive-date=19 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519075932/http://www.survivalinternational.org/tribes/brazilian|url-status=live}}</ref> For authors such as [[Daniel Everett]], this phenomenon represents a fundamental assault on the existence of peoples, as language expresses the way a group of people experience reality in a unique way, and it is a part of our common heritage. Ranka Bjeljac-Babic, lecturer and specialist in the psychology of language, describes an intrinsic and causal link between the threat of biological diversity and cultural diversity.<ref name=unescolanguages>{{cite web|url=http://www.unesco.org/courier/2000_04/uk/doss01.htm|title=6,000 languages: an embattled heritage|website=UNESCO.org|access-date=20 May 2017|archive-date=26 August 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826083019/http://www.unesco.org/courier/2000_04/uk/doss01.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The assault on Indigenous customs and traditions is described as part of a larger assault on life, with its historical roots in [[colonization]]. Survival's report ''Progress can Kill'' highlights that the invasion of the Americas and Australia by Europeans eliminated 90% of the Indigenous population on these continents.<ref name=progresscankillreport>{{cite web|url=http://assets.survival-international.org/static/lib/downloads/source/progresscankill/full_report.pdf|title=Progress Can Kill: How Imposed Development Destroys the Health of Tribal Peoples|website=Survival-International.org|access-date=20 May 2017|archive-date=7 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107115838/http://assets.survival-international.org/static/lib/downloads/source/progresscankill/full_report.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The threat of genocide continues.<ref name=survivalinternationaluncontactedtribesthreats>{{cite web|url=http://www.survivalinternational.org/uncontactedtribes/threats|title=Survival International website - Uncontacted Tribes campaign/Threats|website=SurvivalInternational.org|access-date=20 May 2017|archive-date=29 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100429223446/http://www.survivalinternational.org/uncontactedtribes/threats|url-status=live}}</ref>

Most fundamentally, Survival believes that it is the respect for the right to keep their land that may allow them to survive. The issues of human rights and freedom depend on the land on which they can subsist and develop according to their own culture. Interference with this basic need endangers their capacity to live sustainably.<ref name="survivalinternationalfaq"/>

In January 2019, the newly elected president of Brazil [[Jair Bolsonaro]] stripped the Indigenous affairs agency [[Fundação Nacional do Índio|FUNAI]] of the responsibility to identify and demarcate [[Indigenous territory (Brazil)|Indigenous lands]]. He argued that those territories have very tiny isolated populations and proposed to integrate them into the larger Brazilian society.<ref>{{cite news |title=Brazil's new president makes it harder to define Indigenous lands |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/4808295/jair-bolsonaro-funai-indigenous-farm-brazil/ |work=Global News |first=Mauricio|last= Savarese|date=2 January 2019 |access-date=25 January 2019 |archive-date=19 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119121906/https://globalnews.ca/news/4808295/jair-bolsonaro-funai-indigenous-farm-brazil/ |url-status=live }}</ref> According to the Survival International, "Taking responsibility for Indigenous land demarcation away from FUNAI, the Indian affairs department, and giving it to the Agriculture Ministry is virtually a declaration of open warfare against [[Indigenous peoples in Brazil|Brazil's tribal peoples]]."<ref>{{cite news |title=President Bolsonaro 'declares war' on Brazil's Indigenous peoples - Survival responds |url=https://www.survivalinternational.org/news/12060 |publisher=Survival International |date=3 January 2019 |access-date=25 January 2019 |archive-date=30 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130232621/https://www.survivalinternational.org/news/12060 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Campaigns==
Survival International campaigns for the uncontacted tribes in the territory of Peru, many unidentified Indigenous people in Brazil, Russia, West Papua, and about 30 tribes in several countries in South America, Africa, and Asia.<ref name="survivalinternationaltribes"/> They select their cases based on a criterion the organisation has established, which depends on a wide range of factors, such as the reliability and continuity of the information, the gravity of the situation the tribe in question is facing, the degree to which they believe their work can make a real difference, the degree to which improvements in this area would have a knock on effect for others, whether any other organisation is already working on the case, and whether they are sure of what the people themselves want.<ref name=survivalinternationalfaq>{{cite web|url=http://www.survivalinternational.org/info/faq|title=Survival International website - About Us/FAQ|website=SurvivalInternational.org|access-date=20 May 2017|archive-date=25 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025161732/https://www.survivalinternational.org/info/faq|url-status=live}}</ref>

A common threat to the tribes for which Survival campaigns is the invasion of their lands for exploration of resources.<ref name="survivalinternationaltribes"/><ref name="survivalinternationalfaq"/> This invariably leads to forced relocation, loss of sustainability and forced changes in their way of living. Usually, this is accompanied by diseases from the contact with the outsiders for which they have an unprepared immune system – this threat alone can wipe out entire tribes.<ref name="survivalinternationaluncontactedtribesthreats"/> Logging and/or cattle ranchers have affected most of these tribes, from South America, Africa, to Australasia. The [[Arhuaco]], in Colombia, have drug plantations, associated with crossfire from guerilla wars between cartel and government interests. The [[Ogiek]], in Kenya, have tea plantations, and the [[Amung people|Amungme]] in Indonesia, the [[San people|San]] in Botswana, the [[Dongria Kondh]] in India, and the [[Palawan]] in the Philippines have mining fields.
[[File:Survival-countries.PNG|right|thumb|300px|Countries which have Indigenous peoples for whom Survival campaigns. This map represents about 5 million Indigenous people. There are over 300 million Indigenous people in the world, with an estimated over 100 uncontacted tribes.<ref name="survivalinternationaltribes"/>]]
Survival international has also pointed out in their campaigns against the assault on their way of living the effect of the work of missionaries.<ref name="survivalinternationaluncontactedtribesthreats"/> The [[Arhuaco]], [[Ayoreo]], [[Australian Aborigines|Aborigines]], the [[Innu]], and several tribes in [[West Papua (region)|West Papua]] have all suffered direct attacks on their culture from what, in the perspective of Survival, may constitute good intention, but nevertheless is destructive to their lives.<ref name="survivalinternationaltribes"/><ref name="independenthowadvanced"/> The children of the [[Khanty people|Khanty]] and [[Wanniyala-Aetto]] have been kidnapped to be raised in foreign religions and culture. In the long run, these practices are successful in assimilating and destroying a group of people.

Besides suffering the genocide brought about through disease and hunger (which is the result of losing their natural environment and having fertile soil stolen from them), Survival says some tribes have suffered campaigns of direct assassination.<ref name="survivalinternationaltribes"/> Most tribes in South America, such as the [[Awá-Guajá people|Awá]], [[Akuntsu]], [[Guaraní people|Guaraní]], and the [[Yanomami]], have been murdered on sight by multinational workers, ranchers and gunmen for hire, while tribes in Africa and Asia have suffered waves of murder at the hands of the government. Survival International has pointed to the tribe [[Akuntsu]], of which only five members still remain, as an example of what this threat represents: the eventual genocide of a whole people.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://oglobo.globo.com/pais/mat/2007/08/29/297497619.asp |title=ONG lança campanha para salvar tribos isoladas da Amazônia |newspaper=O Globo |date=29 August 2007 |access-date=2 August 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://terranoticias.terra.es/internacional/articulo/cada_survival_semanas_desaparece_lengua_2269551.htm |title=Cada dos semanas desaparece una lengua indígena, según Survival |publisher=Terra Actualidad |date=21 February 2008 |access-date=2 August 2009 |archive-date=7 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007214716/http://terranoticias.terra.es/internacional/articulo/cada_survival_semanas_desaparece_lengua_2269551.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

Survival International has called attention to the rise in suicide in tribal peoples such as the [[Innu]], [[Australian Aborigines]], and the [[Guarani people|Guarani]], as a consequence of outside interference with the tribes' cultures and direct persecution. Suffering from the trauma of forced relocation, many tribal people find themselves in despair living in an environment they are not used to, where there is nothing useful to do, and where they are treated with racist disdain by their new neighbours. Other social consequences from this displacement have been pointed out to alcoholism and violence, with campaigns reporting the cases of the [[Innu]], [[Mursi people|Mursi]], [[Bodi people|Bodi]], [[Konso]], and [[Wanniyala-Aetto]]. Tribal peoples are also more vulnerable to sexual exploitation. Among the tribes with whom Survival International has campaigned, there has been reported rapes of girls and women by workers of invading companies in the Indigenous tribes of [[Penan]], [[Western New Guinea|West Papuan]] tribes, Jummas, and [[Jarawa people (Andaman Islands)|Jarawa]].<ref name="survivalinternationaltribes"/>

The government role in these territories varies. Most Brazilian tribes are protected under law, while in reality there has been resistance in policies and strong support for enterprises that carry out these threats on their existence. In Africa, the San tribes and other tribes have been persecuted with beating and torture to force relocation, as well as murder in the [[Nuba]], and in the Bangladesh, Asia, with the Jummas.<ref name="survivalinternationaltribes"/><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/06/27/opinion/l-sudan-points-up-the-world-hunger-crisis-islamic-persecutions-987292.html |title=Sudan Points Up the World Hunger Crisis; Islamic Persecutions |newspaper=The New York Times |date=19 October 2009 |access-date=20 October 2009 |archive-date=1 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601073014/http://www.nytimes.com/1992/06/27/opinion/l-sudan-points-up-the-world-hunger-crisis-islamic-persecutions-987292.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Sometimes governments offer compensations that are believed by Survival to be unwanted alternatives for the tribes, portrayed as "development".<ref name=survivalinternationaltribesdongria>{{cite web|url=http://www.survivalinternational.org/tribes/dongria/|title=Dongria Kondh|first=Survival|last=International|website=www.SurvivalInternational.org|access-date=20 May 2017|archive-date=19 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519231401/http://www.survivalinternational.org/tribes/dongria|url-status=live}}</ref>

In April 2012, Survival International launched a worldwide campaign, backed by actor [[Colin Firth]], to protect the [[Awá-Guajá people|Awa-Guajá people]] of Brazil, which the organization considers to be the "earth's most threatened tribe".<ref name=independent-awa>{{cite news|title=The world's most threatened tribe - Survival International's campaign, backed by the actor Colin Firth, seeks to protect the life and lands of Brazil's Awa people|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/nature/the-worlds-most-threatened-tribe-7687515.html|access-date=4 October 2012|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|date=29 April 2012|author=Eede, Joanna|archive-date=3 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503164026/https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/nature/the-worlds-most-threatened-tribe-7687515.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In late 2015, Survival International started the Stop the Con campaign, which seeks to raise awareness about negative impacts of traditional conservation policies on tribal peoples.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.survivalinternational.org/stopthecon|title=Stop the con|first=Survival|last=International|website=www.SurvivalInternational.org|access-date=20 May 2017|archive-date=20 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170520203131/http://www.survivalinternational.org/stopthecon|url-status=live}}</ref> This campaign is part of Survival International's larger campaign on conservation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.survivalinternational.org/conservation|title=Tribal conservationists|first=Survival|last=International|website=www.SurvivalInternational.org|access-date=20 May 2017|archive-date=19 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519073923/http://www.survivalinternational.org/conservation|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Media attention==
Survival International has received attention in the media over the years with the campaigns and work of volunteer supporters. Celebrity endorsements include [[Richard Gere]], who has spoken up for the [[Jumma people|Jumma]] of [[Bangladesh]], [[Julie Christie]], who gave a Radio 4 appeal on behalf of the [[Khanty people|Khanty]] of [[Siberia]], [[Judi Dench]], who warned of the events surrounding the [[Arhuaco]] of [[Colombia]], and [[Colin Firth]], who spoke out against the eviction of the [[San people|San]] tribe,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/journalists-need-to-leave-the-stone-age-524213.html |title=Journalists need to leave the Stone Age |newspaper=The Independent |first=Jonathan|last= Brown|date=23 January 2006 |access-date=19 July 2009 |location=London |archive-date=25 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925092229/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/journalists-need-to-leave-the-stone-age-524213.html |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="survivalinternationalfirth">{{cite web|url=http://www.survivalinternational.org/news/24 |title=''Love Actually'' star Colin Firth condemns Bushman evictions |publisher=Survival International |access-date=19 July 2009 |archive-date=29 October 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091029193432/http://www.survivalinternational.org/news/24 |url-status=live}}</ref> and in favour of the Awa-Guajá people.<ref name=independent-awa/>

However, the media have not always been sympathetic towards the organisation. In 1995, the [[Independent Television Commission]] banned one of Survival International's advertisements, citing the [[Broadcasting Act 1990]], which states that organisations cannot advertise their work if it is wholly or mainly of a political nature.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/save-the-indians-not-here-you-dont-1585201.html |title=Save the Indians? Not here you don't |newspaper=The Independent |date=6 June 1995 |access-date=24 October 2009 |location=London |first=Lynne |last=Wallis |archive-date=27 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120127160532/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/save-the-indians-not-here-you-dont-1585201.html |url-status=live}}</ref> The ad was broadcast on the music cable channel [[The Box (U.S.)|The Box]] and the MTV satellite offshoot [[VH-1]]. It featured Richard Gere urging viewers to help to stop the slaughter and exploitation of tribal people.

Another controversy ensued after an article in ''[[The Observer]]'' cast doubt on Survival International's reporting of an uncontacted tribe in [[Peru]], which included a picture with tribesmen firing arrows up at an aircraft.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://pressgazette.co.uk/how-the-observer-erred-when-it-cast-doubt-on-survivals-lost-tribe/ |title=How the ''Observer'' erred when it cast doubt on Survival's lost tribe |magazine=Press Gazette |first= Dominic|last=Ponsford|date=2 September 2008 |access-date=20 January 2022 |archive-date=16 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110616192640/http://www.pressgazette.co.uk/story.asp?sectioncode=6&storycode=42019&c=1 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=pritchard>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2008/aug/31/voluntarysector |title=The readers' editor on... how a tribal people's charity was misrepresented |newspaper=The Guardian |date=31 August 2008 |access-date=24 October 2009 |location=London |first=Stephen |last=Pritchard |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127193234/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2008/aug/31/voluntarysector|archive-date=27 January 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> After a heated confrontation that dragged for a couple of months, with threats of taking Survival International to court for libel, ''The Observer'' ended up conceding in August 2008 that it had got the story wrong. In a clarification, the newspaper stated: "While ''The Observer'' cannot be responsible for content of other media it does have a duty under the Editors' Code not to publish 'inaccurate, misleading or distorted information'. It failed in that duty here."<ref name=pritchard />

The Government of [[Botswana]], with whom Survival International has had a long-standing disagreement over the government's treatment of the [[San people]] in the [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve]], has complained about uneven coverage in the mainstream media.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gov.bw/cgi-bin/news.cgi?d=20060929&i=Ministry_responds_to_Mmegi_article |title=Ministry responds to Mmegi article |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061002233804/http://www.gov.bw/cgi-bin/news.cgi?d=20060929&i=Ministry_responds_to_Mmegi_article |date=29 September 2006|archive-date=2 October 2006 |publisher=Republic of Botswana}}</ref> The San have challenged the government in court several times regarding their right to remain on their land without interference.<ref name="VOA News Bushmen Want to Live in Peace">{{cite news|last=Lewis|first=Kim|title=Bushmen Want to Live in Peace on Their Land|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/bushmen-botswana-court-ranyane-land-rights/1671253.html|access-date=30 May 2013|newspaper=Voice of America|date=30 May 2013|archive-date=9 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140109062957/http://www.voanews.com/content/bushmen-botswana-court-ranyane-land-rights/1671253.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Ian Khama]], [[President of Botswana]], stated that Survival International is "denying them and especially their children opportunities to grow with the mainstream", forcing Indigenous peoples into maintaining "a very backward form of life".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/21/botswana-president-ian-khama-polls-standing-re-election |title=Botswana president Ian Khama hopes for triumph at challenging polls |first=David|last= Smith|newspaper=The Guardian |date=6 March 2015 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-date=28 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150228205638/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/21/botswana-president-ian-khama-polls-standing-re-election |url-status=live}}</ref> It has been alleged that the Botswana government "has instructed all departmental heads in the state media to ensure that any negative reporting on the controversial relocations from the [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve]] (CKGR) should be contrasted strongly with freshly-sought government statements."<ref name=pritchard /> 

In May 2013, Survival International accused the government of plans to evict San from their homes in [[Ancestral land conflict in Botswana|Ranyane]]. Government representative [[Jeff Ramsay]] denied this allegation and described Survival International as a "neo-[[Apartheid]] organisation".<ref>{{cite news|title=Botswana denies plans to 'evict' Bushmen|url=http://www.news24.com/Travel/International/Botswana-denies-plans-to-evict-bushmen-20130527|access-date=28 May 2013|newspaper=news24.com|date=27 May 2013 |archive-date=23 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130623210953/http://www.news24.com/Travel/International/Botswana-denies-plans-to-evict-bushmen-20130527|url-status=live}}</ref> Survival International subsequently reported that on May 28, Botswana's High Court had ruled that the eviction be suspended until mid-June.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bushman eviction suspended|url=http://www.survivalinternational.org/news/9267|publisher=Survival International|access-date=29 May 2013|archive-date=8 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130608081504/http://www.survivalinternational.org/news/9267|url-status=live}}</ref> A Survival International campaigner was quoted as saying: "I don't know how the government can say there is no case, and that they are not planning to evict them when the Ranyane Bushmen are taking the government to court to stop from being removed."<ref name="VOA News Bushmen Want to Live in Peace" /> The director of [[Khwedom Council]], [[Keibakile Mogodu]], said, "We have been deliberating on the issue with government officials, yes I can confirm that government was due to relocate [six hundred] Basarwa on Monday, [May 27th]."<ref name="Survival International threatens to take up new Basarwa case">{{cite news|last=Ontebetse|first=Khonani|title=Survival International threatens to take up new Basarwa case|url=http://www.sundaystandard.info/print_article.php?NewsID=17014|access-date=31 May 2013|newspaper=Sunday Standard|date=30 May 2013 |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140109062725/http://www.sundaystandard.info/print_article.php?NewsID=17014|archive-date=9 January 2014}}</ref> A case has been filed on the San's behalf.<ref name="Survival International threatens to take up new Basarwa case" />

In 2005, Survival published the book ''There You Go!''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.survivalinternational.org/thereyougo|title=Survival International - The movement for tribal peoples|publisher=Survival International|access-date=20 May 2017|archive-date=19 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519075935/http://www.survivalinternational.org/thereyougo|url-status=live}}</ref> ([[Oren Ginzburg]]), which depicted a tribal society being harmed by development. In the book's foreword, Stephen Corry wrote: "The 'development' of tribal peoples against their wishes – really to let others get their land and resources – is rooted in 19th century colonialism ('We know best') dressed up in 20th century 'political correct' euphemism. Tribal peoples are not backward: they are independent and vibrant societies which, like all of us always, are constantly adapting to a changing world. The main difference between tribal peoples and us is that we take their land and resources, and believe the dishonest, even racist, claim that it's for their own good. It's conquest, not development. If you really want to understand what's going on, read this book."

Survival International encourages supporters to use multiple media to spread awareness on Indigenous rights issues. In the guide ''Walk Your Talk'', the organisation gives tips on a variety of actions, from writing letters to governments, to spreading the word through sponsorships, leaflets, demonstrations, film shows, and collecting money from a variety of events.<ref name="survivalinternationalactnow">{{cite web|url=http://www.survivalinternational.org/actnow/walkyourtalk|title=Survival International website - Act Now/walk your Talk|publisher=Survival International |access-date=20 May 2017|archive-date=12 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130812195217/http://www.survivalinternational.org/actnow/walkyourtalk|url-status=live}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Cultural Survival]]
* [[Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples]]
* [[Friends of Peoples Close to Nature]]
* [[Songs for Survival]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Sources ==
* {{cite book | title=Worlds Apart: An Explorer's Life | publisher=Arrow Books | author=Hanbury-Tenison, Robin | year=1991 }} (First published by Granada, 1984)

== External links ==
* {{Official website|http://www.survivalinternational.org/}}

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