Editing Sumner, Missouri

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name            = Sumner, Missouri
| settlement_type          = [[City]]
| nickname                 = Goose capital of the world
| motto                    = <!-- Images -->
| image_skyline            = Maxie the goose 1.jpg
| imagesize                = 
| image_caption            = 
| image_flag               = 
| image_seal               = <!-- Maps -->
| image_map                = Chariton_County_Missouri_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Sumner_Highlighted.svg
| mapsize                  = 250px
| map_caption              = Location of Sumner, Missouri
| image_map1               = 
| mapsize1                 = 
| map_caption1             = <!-- Location -->
| subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name         = United States
| subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1        = [[Missouri]]
| subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Missouri|County]]
| subdivision_name2        = [[Chariton County, Missouri|Chariton]]
| government_footnotes     = 
| government_type          = 
| leader_title             = 
| leader_name              = 
| leader_title1            = 
| leader_name1             = 
| established_title        = 
| established_date         = <!-- Area -->
| unit_pref                = Imperial
| area_footnotes           = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=August 28, 2022}}</ref>
| area_magnitude           = 
| area_total_km2           = 0.59
| area_land_km2            = 0.59
| area_water_km2           = 0.00
| area_total_sq_mi         = 0.23
| area_land_sq_mi          = 0.23
| area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00

<!-- Population -->| population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_est           = 
| pop_est_as_of            = 
| population_footnotes     = 
| population_total         = 78
| population_density_km2   = 133.12
| population_density_sq_mi = 345.13

<!-- General information -->| timezone                 = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
| utc_offset               = -6
| timezone_DST             = CDT
| utc_offset_DST           = -5
| elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft             = 679
| coordinates              = {{coord|39|39|22|N|93|14|36|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code              = 64681
| area_code                = [[Area code 660|660]]
| blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info               = 29-71620<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
| blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info              = 2397688<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2397688}}</ref>
| website                  = 
| footnotes                = 
| pop_est_footnotes        = 
}}

'''Sumner''' is a city in [[Chariton County, Missouri]], United States. The population was 78 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Explore Census Data|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2971620|access-date=2021-12-21|website=data.census.gov}}</ref> It was named in honor of U.S. Senator [[Charles Sumner]].

==History==
The area along the [[Grand River (Missouri)|Grand River]] in the northwest corner of present-day Chariton County was first explored by two sons of [[Daniel Boone]] and Thomas Stanley prior to Missouri statehood in 1821. Stanley established a trading post some time later near what would eventually become Sumner.<ref name=Swan>{{cite web|url=http://www.stateparks.com/swan_lake_national_wildlife_refuge_in_missouri.html|title=Swan Lake National Wildlife Refuge history|publisher=Missouri State Parks|year=2014|accessdate=18 May 2014}}</ref> Other than the trading post not much existed in the area for several years, partly due to marshlands and flooding on the Grand River. The area around Sumner was originally known as Crossland, and about one mile away was the much larger village of Cunningham.<ref name=Directory>{{cite web|url=http://thelibrary.org/lochist/moser/charitonpl.html|title=A Directory of Towns, Villages, and Hamlets of Chariton County, Missouri|publisher=Springfield-Greene County Library|year=2014|accessdate=18 May 2014}}</ref> However the coming of the [[Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad]] to the community combined with the Wabash railroad's decision to move their depot from Cunningham to Sumner gave the latter the upper hand in growth.<ref name="Historical">''Historical, Pictorial, & Biographical Record of Chariton County, Missouri'', Pictorial and Biographical Publishing Co., Salisbury Missouri, 1896</ref> Sumner was laid out by Joel H. Wilkerson in June, 1882.<ref name=Historical/> That fall the first home was constructed in the new village by J.M. Vanes, soon followed by the Commercial Hotel. A newspaper, the ''Sumner Star'', was established in 1890 and operated for several years.<ref name=Historical/> Once teeming with wildlife such as prairie chicken, turkey, duck, and deer in the 1800s, the population of such was drastically reduced by over hunting and draining of the native wetlands, notably Hog Lake in 1911.<ref name=Swan/> In 1937 concerned over wetland preservation in the wake of the [[Dust Bowl]], the U.S. Congress established the Swan Lake National Wildlife Refuge just to the south of Sumner.<ref name=Swan/> Roads, buildings and man-made wetlands were soon created by the [[Civilian Conservation Corps]] and by 1941 eight hundred geese wintered in the area.<ref name=Swan/>

[[File:Maxie the goose 2.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Another view of "Maxie" the Canada goose.]]
Located on a migratory [[flyway]], Swan Lake and the Sumner area began to attract ever larger numbers of geese in the mid and late 20th century, reaching 100,000 or more by the 1980s and 1990s.<ref name=Swan/> This also led to a yearly influx of hunters, benefiting the few Sumner businesses and Chariton County as a whole. With these numbers in mind Sumner was proclaimed the "Wild Goose Capital of the World".<ref name=Roadside>{{cite web|url=http://www.roadsideamerica.com/story/7248|title=World's Largest Goose|publisher=Roadside America.com|year=2014|accessdate=18 May 2014}}</ref> Sumner also began to hold a yearly Goose Festival in 1955 and it continues each October, with a variety of activities held including live music, a queen contest, food and a parade.<ref name=Goosed>{{cite web|url=http://www.goosefestival.com/about.html|title=Sumner Wild Goose Festival|publisher=Sumner Wild Goose Festival Committee|year=2013|accessdate=18 May 2014}}</ref> Sumner residents commissioned a [[Kansas City, Missouri|Kansas City]] sculptor in 1976 to create a large statue to honor the community's status and reputation for waterfowl hunting.<ref name=Roadside/> What resulted was the "Worlds Largest Goose". Named "Maxie", the fiberglass and metal structure stands over forty feet tall with a wingspan of sixty-five feet and a total weight of over 5,000 pounds.<ref name=Roadside/>

==Geography==
Sumner is located at {{coord|39|39|23|N|93|14|36|W|type:city}} (39.656342, -93.243426).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|0.23|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2012-07-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125061959/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt|archive-date=2012-01-25}}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1890= 286
|1900= 477
|1910= 394
|1920= 468
|1930= 348
|1940= 338
|1950= 309
|1960= 234
|1970= 178
|1980= 182
|1990= 140
|2000= 142
|2010= 102
|2020= 78
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2012-07-08}}</ref> of 2010, there were 102 people, 52 households, and 26 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|443.5|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 87 housing units at an average density of {{convert|378.3|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 100.0% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]].

There were 52 households, of which 19.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 28.8% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 9.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 50.0% were non-families. 46.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 23% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.96 and the average family size was 2.77.

The median age in the city was 49 years. 20.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 3.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.6% were from 25 to 44; 28.4% were from 45 to 64; and 26.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 52.9% male and 47.1% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 142 people, 66 households, and 34 families residing in the town. The population density was {{convert|549.7|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 99 housing units at an average density of {{convert|383.2|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the town was 97.18% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.70% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.70% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], and 1.41% from two or more races.

There were 66 households, out of which 22.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.9% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 47.0% were non-families. 42.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 22.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.15 and the average family size was 3.06.

In the town the population was spread out, with 23.2% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 22.5% from 25 to 44, 24.6% from 45 to 64, and 22.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 77.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.7 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $14,792, and the median income for a family was $23,750. Males had a median income of $26,250 versus $14,583 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $21,025. There were 30.0% of families and 32.5% of the population living below the [[poverty line]], including 51.6% of under eighteens and 13.5% of those over 64.

==Notable person==
* Senator [[J. William Fulbright]] was born in Sumner on April 9, 1905.

==References==
<references />

{{Chariton County, Missouri}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Chariton County, Missouri]]
[[Category:Hunting in the United States]]
[[Category:Cities in Missouri]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1882]]
[[Category:1882 establishments in Missouri]]