Editing Subiaco, Arkansas

{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name            = Subiaco, Arkansas
| settlement_type          = [[Town]]
| image_skyline            = Subiaco AR.jpg
| imagesize                = 
| image_caption            = Aerial view of Subiaco Abbey and town, looking South
| image_seal               = 
| image_map                = File:Logan County Arkansas Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Subiaco Highlighted 0567520.svg
| mapsize                  = 250px
| map_caption              = Location of Subiaco in Logan County, Arkansas.
| image_map1               = 
| mapsize1                 = 
| map_caption1             = 
| subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Arkansas|County]]
| subdivision_name         = United States
| subdivision_name1        = [[Arkansas]]
| subdivision_name2        = [[Logan County, Arkansas|Logan]]
| government_type          = 
| leader_title             = 
| leader_name              = 
| established_date         = 
| area_magnitude           = 
| area_total_km2           = 4.94
| area_total_sq_mi         = 1.91
| area_land_km2            = 4.90
| area_land_sq_mi          = 1.89
| area_water_km2           = 0.04
| area_water_sq_mi         = 0.01
| elevation_ft             = 486
| elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
| population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes     = 
| population_total         = 401
| population_metro         = 
| population_density_km2   = 81.84
| population_density_sq_mi = 211.95
| timezone                 = [[Central Time Zone (North America)|Central (CST)]]
| utc_offset               = -6
| coordinates              = {{coord|35|17|43|N|93|37|29|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| timezone_DST             = CDT
| utc_offset_DST           = -5
| postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code              = 72865
| area_code                = [[Area code 479|479]]
| blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info               = 05-67520
| blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info              = 2406677<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2406677}}</ref>
| footnotes                = 
| website                  = 
| pop_est_as_of            = 
| pop_est_footnotes        = 
| population_est           = 
| unit_pref                = Imperial
| area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_05.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 29, 2021}}</ref>
}}
'''Subiaco''' is a town<ref>{{Citation
 | last =
 | first =
 | author-link =
 | last2 =
 | first2 =
 | title = The Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture
 | date =
 | year =
 | url = http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryID=6200
 | access-date = January 16, 2018 }}</ref> in [[Logan County, Arkansas|Logan County]], [[Arkansas]], United States. The population was 572 at the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]].

The town is named after [[Subiaco Abbey (Arkansas)|Subiaco Abbey]], which is located there, and which donated {{convert|80|acre|abbr=off}} in the early 20th century for a townsite and railroad connection. Founded as a priory in 1878, Subiaco Abbey was established and named by Pope [[Leo XIII]] in 1891, after the Italian city of that name in the [[Lazio]] region, where [[St. Benedict]] founded his first monastery. The town celebrated the arrival of its first train in June 1909.

==History==
The development of both the abbey and the town were related to the expansion of the [[Little Rock and Fort Smith Railroad]] (LR&FS) in the area in the late 19th century. In 1877, it owned thousands of acres in Arkansas through federal subsidies for railroad development, and wanted to attract German Catholic immigrants to the region as settlers.<ref name=SA>{{cite web|url=http://www.countrymonks.org/subiaco-history|work=Subiaco Abbey|title=Subiaco History}}</ref> The railroad came to an agreement with Abbot [[Martin Marty (bishop)|Martin Marty]], O.S.B., of [[St. Meinrad Archabbey]] in Indiana, to grant the abbey land in Logan County to establish a monastery and school to serve the hoped-for settlers. The railroad granted {{convert|640|acre}} to the Benedictines to establish a monastery for [[monk]]s, and an additional {{convert|100|acre}} to found a [[convent]] for Benedictine [[nun]]s.<ref name=SA/>

Although the Benedictine abbey and order are independent of the local [[diocese]], as are all Catholic institutes, [[Edward Fitzgerald (bishop)|Edward Fitzgerald]], Bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Little Rock|Diocese of Little Rock]], supported the proposal. He needed German-speaking priests to serve the growing numbers of German immigrants in his diocese.<ref name=SA/>

In March 1878, three monk-missionaries from [[St. Meinrad Archabbey]] settled here, founding what became known first as St. Benedict's Priory. Another priest, and eight monastery candidates, joined them the following year. In 1886, the priory became independent of St. Meinrad's, as a [[conventual priory]]. In 1891, [[Pope Leo XIII]] named the institute as an abbey, to be called [[Subiaco Abbey (Arkansas)|Subiaco Abbey]], after [[Subiaco, Lazio|Subiaco]], Italy, where St. Benedict had his first monastery.<ref name=SA/>

German Catholic immigrants did settle in the area, generally working as farmers. They began to lobby for a direct railroad connection. The nearby town of [[Spierlerville, Arkansas]], was the site of the local post office in the region. The Spieler family lobbied for the railroad to pass through their town.

The Prior of [[Subiaco Abbey (Arkansas)|Subiaco Abbey]], Fr. [[Wolfgang Schlumpf]], O.S.B., had lobbied for the railroad to pass by the Abbey quarry so that it could have a viable commercial enterprise, but the railroad company chose a more level route that passed to the south of the Abbey property.<ref name="logan"/>

Subiaco Abbey donated {{convert|80|acre}} of land to form the new town of Subiaco, where a [[train station|railroad depot]] could be located. The depot and a new store, established by Conrad Elsken, formed the basis of the settlement. The Subiaco Development Company was established to sell related lands to the general public.

The first train arrived at Subiaco on June 22, 1909, and the official inauguration was on June 30, 1909. [[Abbot]] [[Ignatius Conrad]] of Subiaco Abbey drove the last spike for the railway connection. Dressed in full vestments, the Abbot also greeted passengers and blessed the train. Festivities included music by both the Subiaco band and the band from nearby Spielerville.<ref name="logan">''Logan County, Arkansas: Its History and Its People'' (Paris, AR: Logan County Historical Society, 1987).</ref>

==Geography==

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of {{convert|1.9|sqmi|km2}}, all land.

==Climate==
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and mild to cool winters.  According to the [[Köppen Climate Classification]] system, Subiaco has a [[humid subtropical climate]], abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=829630&cityname=Subiaco%2C+Arkansas%2C+United+States+of+America&units= Climate Summary for Subiaco, Arkansas]</ref>

{{Weather box
 | width       = auto
 | collapsed   = yes
 | single line = yes
 | location    = Subiaco, Arkansas (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1897–present)
 | Jan record high F  = 83
 | Feb record high F  = 88
 | Mar record high F  = 95
 | Apr record high F  = 96
 | May record high F  = 103
 | Jun record high F  = 110
 | Jul record high F  = 115
 | Aug record high F  = 117
 | Sep record high F  = 109
 | Oct record high F  = 100
 | Nov record high F  = 88
 | Dec record high F  = 81
 | year record high F =

|Jan avg record high F = 70.3
|Feb avg record high F = 73.5
|Mar avg record high F = 81.3
|Apr avg record high F = 86.4
|May avg record high F = 90.5
|Jun avg record high F = 94.7
|Jul avg record high F = 99.5
|Aug avg record high F = 99.9
|Sep avg record high F = 94.9
|Oct avg record high F = 87.9
|Nov avg record high F = 77.8
|Dec avg record high F = 71.3
|year avg record high F = 101.5

 | Jan high F = 48.7
 | Feb high F = 54.1
 | Mar high F = 63.0
 | Apr high F = 72.4
 | May high F = 80.1
 | Jun high F = 87.9
 | Jul high F = 92.4
 | Aug high F = 91.8
 | Sep high F = 84.6
 | Oct high F = 73.8
 | Nov high F = 61.2
 | Dec high F = 51.2
 | year high F = 71.8
 | Jan mean F = 38.7
 | Feb mean F = 43.0
 | Mar mean F = 51.5
 | Apr mean F = 60.4
 | May mean F = 69.3
 | Jun mean F = 77.4
 | Jul mean F = 81.5
 | Aug mean F = 80.4
 | Sep mean F = 73.1
 | Oct mean F = 62.0
 | Nov mean F = 50.1
 | Dec mean F = 41.3
 | year mean F = 60.7
 | Jan low F = 28.6
 | Feb low F = 31.9
 | Mar low F = 40.0
 | Apr low F = 48.4
 | May low F = 58.5
 | Jun low F = 66.8
 | Jul low F = 70.5
 | Aug low F = 68.9
 | Sep low F = 61.6
 | Oct low F = 50.2
 | Nov low F = 38.9
 | Dec low F = 31.5
 | year low F = 49.7

|Jan avg record low F = 13.9
|Feb avg record low F = 18.4
|Mar avg record low F = 24.1
|Apr avg record low F = 34.1
|May avg record low F = 44.6
|Jun avg record low F = 57.0
|Jul avg record low F = 62.5
|Aug avg record low F = 60.7
|Sep avg record low F = 47.6
|Oct avg record low F = 34.4
|Nov avg record low F = 24.4
|Dec avg record low F = 18.2
|year avg record low F = 10.8

 | Jan record low F  = -16
 | Feb record low F  = -17
 | Mar record low F  = 7
 | Apr record low F  = 24
 | May record low F  = 30
 | Jun record low F  = 45
 | Jul record low F  = 50
 | Aug record low F  = 47
 | Sep record low F  = 34
 | Oct record low F  = 21
 | Nov record low F  = 13
 | Dec record low F  = -4
 | year record low F = 
 | precipitation colour   = green
 | Jan precipitation inch = 3.49
 | Feb precipitation inch = 2.93
 | Mar precipitation inch = 4.39
 | Apr precipitation inch = 4.79
 | May precipitation inch = 5.06
 | Jun precipitation inch = 3.96
 | Jul precipitation inch = 3.76
 | Aug precipitation inch = 4.06
 | Sep precipitation inch = 3.93
 | Oct precipitation inch = 3.96
 | Nov precipitation inch = 4.88
 | Dec precipitation inch = 4.07
 | year precipitation inch = 49.28
 | unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
 | Jan precipitation days  = 6.8
 | Feb precipitation days  = 7.2
 | Mar precipitation days  = 9.0
 | Apr precipitation days  = 8.0
 | May precipitation days  = 9.7
 | Jun precipitation days  = 8.2
 | Jul precipitation days  = 7.7
 | Aug precipitation days  = 6.8
 | Sep precipitation days  = 6.4
 | Oct precipitation days  = 7.0
 | Nov precipitation days  = 7.6
 | Dec precipitation days  = 7.4
 | year precipitation days = 91.8
 | Jan snow inch = 0.4
 | Feb snow inch = 1.0
 | Mar snow inch = 0.6
 | Apr snow inch = 0.0
 | May snow inch = 0.0
 | Jun snow inch = 0.0
 | Jul snow inch = 0.0
 | Aug snow inch = 0.0
 | Sep snow inch = 0.0
 | Oct snow inch = 0.0
 | Nov snow inch = 0.0
 | Dec snow inch = 0.2
 | year snow inch = 2.2
 | unit snow days = 0.1 in
 | Jan snow days  = 0.3
 | Feb snow days  = 0.5
 | Mar snow days  = 0.2
 | Apr snow days  = 0.0
 | May snow days  = 0.0
 | Jun snow days  = 0.0
 | Jul snow days  = 0.0
 | Aug snow days  = 0.0
 | Sep snow days  = 0.0
 | Oct snow days  = 0.0
 | Nov snow days  = 0.0
 | Dec snow days  = 0.2
 | year snow days = 1.2
 | source = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name="NOWData">{{cite web
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=lzk
|title = NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = November 23, 2023}}</ref><ref name="NCEI">{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00036928&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|title = Summary of Monthly Normals 1991–2020
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = November 23, 2023}}</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|align=left|1920= 181
|1930= 195
|1940= 202
|1950= 191
|1960= 290
|1970= 375
|1980= 744
|1990= 538
|2000= 439
|2010= 572
|2020= 401
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}

As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 439 people, 147 households, and 115 families in the town.  The population density was {{convert|238.3|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 167 housing units at an average density of {{convert|90.6|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the town is 93.62% [[Race (United States Census)|White]], 3.64% [[Race (United States Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 0.46% [[Race (United States Census)|Native American]], 0.23% [[Race (United States Census)|Asian]], 0.23% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.82% from two or more races.  0.68% of the population were [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race.

There were 147 households, of which 38.8% had children under the age of 18, 63.9% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.1% were non-families. 17.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 20.3% under the age of 18, 9.6% from 18 to 24, 26.0% from 25 to 44, 26.0% from 45 to 64, and 18.2% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 122.8 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 131.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $38,182, and the median income for a family was $40,417. Males had a median income of $25,125 versus $17,969 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $14,012.  About 6.0% of families and 17.7% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 16.7% of those under age 18 and 36.0% of those age 65 or over.

==Education==
Most of Subiaco is in [[Scranton School District (Arkansas)|Scranton School District]], while a section is in [[Paris School District]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st05_ar/schooldistrict_maps/c05083_logan/DC20SD_C05083.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Logan County, AR|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=September 20, 2022}}</ref> The former district's comprehensive high school is [[Scranton High School (Arkansas)|Scranton High School]].

[[Subiaco Academy]] is in Subiaco.

==Gallery==
<gallery widths="180px" class="center">
First Train.jpg|Arrival of the first train to Subiaco, June 22, 1909
Railroad Inauguration.jpg|Official Inauguration and Driving of the Last Spike for the Railroad at Subiaco, June 30, 1909
Subiaco Station.jpg|Early Subiaco Railroad Depot in Subiaco
Subiaco Depot with Mercantile Store.jpg|Early Subiaco Railroad Depot, with Store of Conrad Elsken in the background
</gallery>

==References==
<references />

{{Logan County, Arkansas}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Towns in Logan County, Arkansas]]
[[Category:Towns in Arkansas]]