Editing Steve Mann (inventor)

{{Short description|Canadian wearable tech engineer (born 1962)}}
{{Infobox scientist
| birth_name        = William Stephen George Mann
| name              = Steve Mann
| image             = SteveMann with Generation-4 Glass 1999.jpg
| image_size        = 150px
| caption           = Steve Mann with Generation-4 [[EyeTap]]
| birth_date        = {{birth date and age|1962|6|8|df=y}}
| birth_place       = [[Hamilton, Ontario]]<ref name=SMANN>{{cite web|url=http://www.thespec.com/news/article/118391--filmmaker-has-futuristic-vision|title=Filmmaker has futuristic vision|first=Mark|last=McNeil|work=[[Hamilton Spectator]]|date=2008-11-24|access-date=2008-11-24}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| death_date        = 
| death_place       = 
| citizenship       = Canada
| nationality       = Canadian
| fields            = {{Plainlist|
* [[Computer engineering]]
* [[Electrical engineering]]
* [[Artificial intelligence]]}}
| workplaces        = [[University of Toronto]]
| alma_mater        = [[McMaster University]] (B.Sc., B.Eng., M.Eng.)<br />[[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] (PhD)
| thesis_title      = Personal imaging
| thesis_url        = https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/45496
| thesis_year       = 1997
| doctoral_advisor  = [[Rosalind Picard]]
| known_for         = {{ubl|[[Wearable computing]]|[[High-dynamic-range imaging]]|[[Chirplet transform]]|[[Hydraulophone]]|[[Natural user interface]]|[[Scratch input]]|[[Mobile blogging]]|[[Sousveillance]]|[[Augmented reality]]|[[Humanistic intelligence]]}}
| awards            = {{Plainlist|
* [[IEEE Fellow]] (2024)
* [[Lifeboat Foundation]] Guardian Award (2024)
* [[IEEE Masaru Ibuka Consumer Electronics Award]] (2025)
}}
| website           = https://www.eecg.utoronto.ca/~mann/
}}

'''William Stephen George Mann''' (born 8 June 1962) is a Canadian engineer, professor, and inventor who works in [[augmented reality]], [[extended reality]], [[computational photography]], particularly [[wearable computing]], and [[high-dynamic-range imaging]]. Mann is considered the "Father of Wearable Computing" for early inventions and continuing contributions to the field, recognized by IEEE,<ref>[Steve Mann, Father Of Wearable Computing, Given IEEE Ibuka Award
By Thomas Coughlin, Contributor, IEEE President in 2024, Feb 13, 2025, 06:14pm https://www.forbes.com/sites/tomcoughlin/2025/02/13/steve-mann-father-of-wearable-computing-given-ieee-ibuka-award/]</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">Tech Giant "Father of Wearable Tech" Steve Mann "Goes for The Ride" to YYD ROBO!, YYD Corporate News, 2017-07-31</ref><ref name="ReferenceB">{{cite web | last=Badminton | first=Nikolas | title=Father of Wearable Computing, Steve Mann, to Keynote FITC Wearables, Toronto, November 13th | website=Medium | date=2014-11-11 | url=https://nikolasfuturist.medium.com/father-of-wearable-computing-steve-mann-to-keynote-fitc-wearables-toronto-november-13th-1482beb8871c | access-date=2024-07-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.utoronto.ca/news/meet-steve-mann-father-wearable-computing |title=Meet Steve Mann, father of wearable computing |last=Mitchell |first=Marit |date=2013-03-13 |publisher=University of Toronto |access-date=2020-11-28 |quote=Professor Steve Mann is known as the father of wearable computing...}}</ref> and received the 2025 [[IEEE Masaru Ibuka Consumer Electronics Award]] for this work.  He also received the 2024 [[Lifeboat Foundation]] Guardian Award for related work on [[sousveillance]].  He cofounded InteraXon, makers of the Muse brain-sensing headband,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://choosemuse.com/steve-mann/|title=Steve Mann|access-date=2019-10-14|archive-date=2019-10-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191014200249/https://choosemuse.com/steve-mann/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="o645">{{cite web | title=Steve Mann on Inventrepreneurship and the 'tree-shaped person' | website=The Varsity |author=Matias Gutierrez| date=2018-11-19 | url=https://thevarsity.ca/2018/11/19/steve-mann-on-inventrepreneurship-and-the-tree-shaped-person/ | access-date=2024-07-09}}</ref><ref>Bloomberg, Company Overview of InteraXon Inc., April 24, 2019 9:24 AM ET</ref><ref name="ReferenceA"/><ref name="ReferenceB"/><ref>{{cite web |last1=Robarts |first1=Stu |title=Hands-on: Staying focused (or not) with the Muse brain-sensing headband |url=https://newatlas.com/interaxon-muse-eeg-brain-sensing-headband/36497 |website=New Atlas |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201152535/https://newatlas.com/interaxon-muse-eeg-brain-sensing-headband/36497/ |archivedate=February 1, 2023 |date=March 11, 2015}}</ref> and is also a founding member of the IEEE Council on Extended Intelligence (CXI).<ref>CXI - Council on Extended Intelligence, IEEE Standards Association (IEEE SA), 2017</ref><ref>The Case for Extended Intelligence - IEEE, Technological Advancement in Service of People and Planet, Pages 1-48, Piscataway, New Jersey, 2018.</ref> Mann is currently CTO and cofounder at Blueberry X Technologies and Chairman of MannLab.
Mann was born in Canada, and currently lives in Toronto, Canada, with his wife and two children. In the [[2023 Toronto mayoral by-election]], Mann unsuccessfully ran for mayor of Toronto.

== Early life and education ==
Mann holds a PhD in Media Arts and Sciences (1997) from the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] and a B.Sc., B.Eng. and M.Eng. from [[McMaster University]] in 1987, 1989 and 1992, respectively. He was also inducted into the McMaster University Alumni Hall of Fame, Alumni Gallery 2004, in recognition of his career as an inventor and teacher.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mcmaster.ca/ua/alumni/gallery/mann.htm|title=Mann, Steve|access-date=2007-08-03 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071114072826/http://www.mcmaster.ca/ua/alumni/gallery/mann.htm|archive-date=2007-11-14|publisher=[[McMaster University]]}}</ref> While at MIT, in then Director [[Nicholas Negroponte]]'s words, "Steve Mann … brought the seed" that founded the Wearable Computing group in the Media Lab<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wearcam.org/nn.mpg|title=Video Interview|publisher=Wearable Computing and Interaction Design|access-date=2007-08-03}}</ref> and "Steve Mann is the perfect example of someone … who persisted in his vision and ended up founding a new discipline."<ref>Bangor Daily News – Sep 26, 1997</ref><ref>Part man, part machine – all nerd `Wearable computer' pioneer Steve Mann keeps one eye locked on the future, Toronto Star, Eric Shinn, July 8, 02:32 EDT</ref> In 2004 he was named the recipient of the 2004 Leonardo Award for Excellence for his article "Existential Technology," published in ''[[Leonardo (journal)|Leonardo]]'' 36:1.<ref>{{cite web|title= 2004 Leonardo Award for Excellence Given to Steve Mann|url=http://rhizome.org/discuss/view/15557/|date= 2004-12-07|access-date=2012-07-20}}</ref><ref name='Existential Technology'>{{cite journal | title = Existential Technology: Wearable Computing Is Not the Real Issue! | journal = [[Leonardo (journal)|Leonardo]] | first = Steve | last = Mann | volume = 36 | issue = 1| pages = 19–25 | jstor = 1577273 | doi=10.1162/002409403321152239| year = 2003 | s2cid = 4495269 }}</ref>

He is also General Chair of the IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society,<ref name="veillance.me">{{cite web|url=http://veillance.me/|title=ISTAS'13|website=Veillance.me|access-date=30 July 2018}}</ref> Associate Editor of ''IEEE Technology and Society'', is a licensed Professional Engineer, and Senior Member of the IEEE,<ref name="works.bepress.com">{{cite web |title=IEEE T&S Magazine: Undergoing Transformation  |url=http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1374&context=kmichael |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521005041/http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1374&context=kmichael |archive-date=2013-05-21 |url-status=dead |access-date=2013-01-30}}</ref> as well as a member of the IEEE Council on Extended Intelligence (CXI).<ref>{{cite web |title=CXI - Council on Extended Intelligence {{!}} IEEE SA & MIT Media Lab |url=https://globalcxi.org/ |website=IEEE CXI |access-date=2 September 2022}}</ref>
== Career ==
Mann is a [[tenure]]d [[full professor]] at the [[University of Toronto Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering|Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering]], with cross-appointments to the Faculty of Arts and Sciences and Faculty of Forestry at the [[University of Toronto]], and is a [[Professional Engineer]] licensed through Professional Engineers Ontario.

=== Ideas and inventions ===
[[File:SteveMann_SequantialWaveImprintingMachine.gif|thumb|Mann with three of his inventions: [[EyeTap]] Digital Eye Glass, Smartwatch, and SWIM (Sequential Wave Imprinting Machine) phenomenological [[augmented reality]].]]
Many of Mann's inventions pertain to the field of [[computational photography]].
*[[Chirplet transform]], 1991: Mann was the first to propose and [[Reduction to practice|reduce to practice]] a signal representation based on a family of chirp signals, each associated with a coefficient, in a generalization of the wavelet transform that is now referred to as the chirplet transform.
*"Digital Eye Glass," "Eye Glass," "Glass Eye," or "Glass", 1978: a device that, when worn, causes the human eye itself to effectively become both an electronic camera and a television display.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://techland.time.com/2012/11/02/eye-am-a-camera-surveillance-and-sousveillance-in-the-glassage/|title=Eye Am a Camera: Surveillance and Sousveillance in the Glassage|first=Steve|last=Mann|date=November 2012|magazine=TIME}}</ref>
*[[Comparametric equation]]s, 1993: Mann was the first to propose and implement an algorithm to estimate a camera's response function from a plurality of differently exposed images of the same subject matter. He was also the first to propose and implement an algorithm to automatically extend dynamic range in an image by combining multiple differently exposed pictures of the same subject matter.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wearcam.org/comparam.htm|title=Comparametric Equations|publisher=Wearable Computing and Interaction Design|access-date=2007-08-03}}</ref><ref>{{patent|US|5706416|"Method and apparatus for relating and combining multiple images of the same scene or object(s)"}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eyetap.org/publications|title="Compositing Multiple Pictures of the Same Scene", Proceedings of the 46th Annual Imaging Science & Technology Conference, May 9–14, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1993|access-date=2007-10-07|archive-date=2007-11-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071114113109/http://www.eyetap.org/publications/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*[[High-dynamic-range imaging]] (HDR): "The first report of digitally combining multiple pictures of the same scene to improve dynamic range appears to be Mann." (Robertson et al.)<ref>{{cite journal |title=Estimation-theoretic approach to dynamic range enhancement using multiple exposures |last1=Robertson |display-authors=etal |journal= Journal of Electronic Imaging|year=2003 |volume=12 |issue=2 |page=220, right column, line 26|doi=10.1117/1.1557695 |bibcode=2003JEI....12..219R }}</ref> Mann's work on wearable computing was motivated by his early computer vision systems that helped people see better (e.g. while welding, or in other high-dynamic range situations, with dynamic range management, overlays, and augmentation as well as diminishment in both the additive and subtractive sense).<ref name="Quantigraphic Father of AR">{{cite web|url=http://www.slashgear.com/quantigraphic-camera-promises-hdr-eyesight-from-father-of-ar-12246941/|title=Quantigraphic camera promises HDR eyesight from Father of AR|first=Chris|last=Davies|website=Slashgear.com|date=2012-09-12|access-date=2012-12-30}}</ref>
*[[Hydraulophone]]: Mann invented an [[experimental musical instrument]] that uses pressurized hydraulic fluid, such as water, to make sound. The instrument is played by placing the fingers in direct contact with the sound-producing [[hydraulic fluid]], thus giving the musician a high degree of control over the musical expression in the sound.<ref name="Mann2006">{{cite conference |last1=Mann |first1=Steve |last2=Janzen |first2=Ryan |last3=Post |first3=Mark |date=2006 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221571192 |title=Hydraulophone Design Considerations: Absement, Displacement, and Velocity-Sensitive Music Keyboard in which each key is a Water Jet |book-title=Proceedings of the 14th ACM international conference on Multimedia |conference=MM'06 |pages=519–528 |citeseerx=10.1.1.131.2778 |doi=10.1145/1180639.1180751 |isbn=978-1-59593-447-5 |s2cid=14740177 |id={{QID |30473775}} |access-date=2007-08-03}}</ref>
*Integral kinematics and integral kinesiology: principles of negative derivatives (integrals) of displacement, such as [[absement]] (the area under the displacement-time curve), as embodied by hydraulophones (water-based instruments).<ref name="Mann2006"/> This work has been built upon by others, and also forms the basis for a new way of understanding electrical engineering.<ref>Memory Elements: A Paradigm Shift in Lagrangian Modeling of Electrical Circuits {{arxiv|1201.1032}}</ref> See also Mann's 2014 paper, "Integral Kinematics (Time‐Integrals of Distance, Energy, etc.) and Integral Kinesiology."<ref>"Integral Kinematics (Time‐Integrals of Distance, Energy, etc.) and Integral Kinesiology", by Steve Mann, Ryan Janzen, Mir Adnan Ali, Pete Scourboutakos, and Nitin Guleria, in Proceedings of the IEEE GEM2014, pp 627-629, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, October 22–24, 2014</ref>
*[[Natural user interface]]: In the 1980s and '90s, Mann developed a number of user-interface strategies using natural interaction with the real world as an alternative to a [[command-line interface]] (CLI) or [[graphical user interface]] (GUI). Mann referred to this work as "Natural User Interfaces", "Direct User Interfaces", and "Metaphor-Free Computing"<ref>Intelligent Image Processing, John Wiley and Sons, 2001</ref>
* [[Scratch input]], an acoustic-based method of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) that takes advantage of the characteristic sound produced when a finger nail, stick, or other object strikes or is dragged over a surface, such as a table or wall.
*[[Sensory Singularity]], together with [[Marvin Minsky]] and [[Ray Kurzweil]], Mann proposed the theory of the "Sensularity" Sensory [[technological singularity|Singularity]] and cyborg-logging.
*[[Surveilluminescent wand]]: a device for visualizing vision and seeing sight, by way of making visible the sightfield (time-reversed lightfield) of a camera or similar computer vision sensor, using time-exposure with array of surveilluminescent lights to make visible to one camera what another camera can see.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Mann |first1=Steve |title=The Sightfield: Visualizing Computer Vision, and Seeing Its Capacity to "See" (Keynote Address) |journal=IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW) |date=June 2014 |pages=618–623 |url=https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=f4f2f7a1861d667f068f89eccf99793033851c9c |publisher=IEEE |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124161826/https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=f4f2f7a1861d667f068f89eccf99793033851c9c |archivedate=November 24, 2023}}</ref>
*[[Telepointer]] and [[SixthSense]], a wearable computer based on a pendant that contains a webcam and laser-based infinite depth-of-focus projector, and related technologies for [[gesture recognition|gesture-based]] wearable computing systems.
*[[Video Orbits]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://wearcam.org/orbits |title=High-resolution stills and environment maps from video using the projective group of coordinate transformations |website=Wearcam.org}}</ref> 1993: Mann was the first to produce an algorithm for automatically combining multiple pictures of the same subject matter, using algebraic projective geometry, to "stitch together" images using automatically estimated perspective correction. This is called the "Video Orbits" algorithm.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wearcam.org/orbits.htm|title=Video Orbits of the Projective Group|publisher=[[EyeTap]]|access-date=2007-08-03|archive-date=2008-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080701014818/http://www.eyetap.org/research/wearables/wearcomp/orbits/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{patent|US|5828793|"Method and apparatus for producing digital images having extended dynamic ranges"}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eyetap.org/publications|title="Virtual bellows: constructing high-quality images from video.", In Proceedings of the IEEE First International Conference on Image Processing|location=Austin, Texas|date=November 16, 1994|website=Eyetap.org|access-date=30 July 2018|archive-date=25 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725161931/http://eyetap.org/publications/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[File:Surveilluminescent Lights in Motion handwash faucets 03.jpg|thumb|Surveilluminescent wand: When moved through space in a long-exposure photograph, it makes the sightfield of a surveillance camera visible.]]

Mann also works in the fields of [[computer-mediated reality]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://veillance.me/committee|title=Committee of IEEE ISTAS – Social Implications of Living in a SmartWorld|access-date=2012-11-08}}{{dead link|date=March 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> He is a strong advocate of [[privacy]] rights, for which work he was an award recipient of the Chalmers Foundation in the fine arts. His work also extends to the area of [[sousveillance]] (a term he coined for "inverse surveillance"). Mann and one of his PhD students, James Fung, together with some of his other students, have been building a cyborg community around the cyborg-logging concept.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://glogger.mobi/about.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012201531/http://glogger.mobi/about.php|url-status=usurped|archive-date=2007-10-12|title=About Us|website=Glogger.mobi|access-date=2012-07-23}}</ref>
* Mann, together with Professor [[Ian Kerr (academic)|Ian Kerr]] at the University of Ottawa, has written extensively on surveillance, [[sousveillance]], and [[equiveillance]]. "Sousveillance," a term coined by Mann, along with the concepts that he and Kerr have developed around these ideas, have created a new dialog for cyborg technologies, as well as related personal information gathering technologies like camera phones. He has created the related concept of [[humanistic intelligence]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Mann |first=S. |date=May–June 2001 |title=Wearable computing:toward humanistic intelligence |journal=Intelligent Systems |volume=16 |issue=3 |pages=10–15 |url= http://wearcam.org/ieeeis/ieeeis_intro.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://wearcam.org/ieeeis/ieeeis_intro.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|doi=10.1109/5254.940020 |citeseerx=10.1.1.62.4991 }}</ref>
* In 2003, [[Joi Ito]] credited Mann with having initiated the moblogging movement by creating a system for transmission of realtime pictures, video, and text. In particular, from 1994 to 1996, Mann continuously transmitted his life's experiences, in real time, to his website for others to experience, interact with, and respond to.<ref>{{cite web|title=Joi Ito's Moblogging, Blogmapping and Moblogmapping related resources as of 6/10/2003|first=Joi|last=Ito|author-link=Joi Ito|quote=February 1995 – wearcam.org as roving reporter Steve Mann (under 'about moblogging')|url=http://radio.weblogs.com/0114939/outlines/moblog.html|access-date=2007-08-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070621072711/http://radio.weblogs.com/0114939/outlines/moblog.html|archive-date=2007-06-21|url-status=dead}}</ref>

His CyborGLOGS ('glogs), such as the spontaneous reporting of news as everyday experience,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wearcam.org/eastcampusfire.htm|title=wearcam.org as roving reporter; (c) Steve Mann, Feb. 1995|access-date=2007-08-03}}</ref> were an early predecessor of 'blogs and the concept of blogging, and earlier than that, his pre-internet-era live streaming of personal documentary and cyborg communities defined cyborg-logging as a new form of social networking.

=== Anonequity project ===
Mann is currently collaborating with a number of researchers including Ian Kerr, [[Canada Research Chair]] in Ethics, Law & Technology, University of Ottawa, who teaches a course on "Cyborg Law" that uses Mann's book.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wearcam.org/glaw.htm|title=Cyborg Law Course|publisher=Wearable Computing and Interaction Design|access-date=2012-07-23}}</ref> Mann, together with Kerr and others, are doing an [[SSHRC]]-funded project to study the Ethics, Law & Technology of anonymity, authentication, [[surveillance]], and [[sousveillance]], in addition to issues related to cyborg-law. The anonequity project is ongoing, and collaborator Kerr has also researched and lectured widely on implantable technologies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.idtrail.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=212&Itemid=43|title=Co-investigators & collaborators|publisher=On the Identity Trail|access-date=2012-07-23|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120517131005/http://www.idtrail.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=212&Itemid=43|archive-date=2012-05-17}}</ref>

== Media coverage ==
Mann has been referred to as the "father of wearable computing",<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2012/apr/05/google-project-glass-digital-goggles|title=Google Project Glass: will we really wear digital goggles?|first=Jack|last=Schofield|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|date=2012-04-05|access-date=2012-07-23|quote=Steve Mann, a Canadian known as the father of wearable computing, has been developing systems since the 1980s with obvious industrial, medical and military applications.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.eetimes.com/electronics-news/4039816/ISSCC--Dick-Tracy-watch-watchers-disagree|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130122082834/http://www.eetimes.com/electronics-news/4039816/ISSCC--Dick-Tracy-watch-watchers-disagree|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-01-22|title=ISSCC: 'Dick Tracy' watch watchers disagree|first=Peter|last=Clarke|work=[[EE Times]]|date=2000-02-08|access-date=2012-07-23|quote=Steve Mann, a professor at the University of Toronto, was hailed as the father of the wearable computer and the ISSCC's first virtual panelist, by moderator...}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | first = Jack | last = Schofield | author-link = Jack Schofield (journalist) | title = From man to borg – Is this the future? | date = 2001-08-01 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2001/aug/02/onlinesupplement.gadgets | work = [[The Guardian]] | access-date = 2012-07-21}}</ref> having created the first general-purpose wearable computer, in contrast to previous wearable devices that perform one specific function such as time-keeping (e.g. wristwatch); calculations (e.g. wearable abacus); or [[Edward O. Thorp]] and [[Claude Shannon]]'s [[wearable computer]]s, which were timing devices concealed in shoes or cigarette packs and designed for gaining an advantage at [[roulette]].<ref name="Wearable
computer">{{cite web |url=http://www1.cs.columbia.edu/graphics/courses/mobwear/resources/thorp-iswc98.pdf |title=The Invention of the First Wearable Computer Online paper by Edward O. Thorp of Edward O. Thorp & Associates |access-date=2010-04-26 |archive-date=2008-05-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528182202/http://www1.cs.columbia.edu/graphics/courses/mobwear/resources/thorp-iswc98.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=TorStar2013-02-13 />

Mann has also been described as "the world's first [[cyborg]]" in Canadian popular press such as ''[[Now (newspaper)|NOW]]'', ''[[The Globe and Mail]]'', ''[[National Post]]'', and ''[[Toronto Life]]'', but has himself rejected the term "cyborg" as being too vague.<ref>{{cite book|title=Cyborg: Digital Destiny and Human Possibility in the Age of the Wearable Computer|first=Steve|last=Mann|author2=Hal Niedzviecki |publisher=Randomhouse Doubleday|year=2001|isbn=978-0-385-65826-3}}</ref>

In 2023, Steve Mann ran for Mayor of Toronto.<ref>{{cite web|title=Steve Mann for Mayor|url=https://votestevemann.com}}</ref> As part of his campaign he advocated for recreational swimming in Lake Ontario, and supported a petition to save the beach at Ontario Place.<ref>{{cite web|title=SwimOP|url=https://www.swimop.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Save the Beach|url=https://savethebeach.ca}}</ref>

== Publications ==
Mann is author of more than 200 publications, including a textbook on electric eyeglasses and a popular culture book on day-to-day [[Cyborg#Actual cyborgization attempts|cyborg]] living. Selected works:
* ''[http://wearcam.org/textbook.htm Intelligent Image Processing]'' {{ISBN|0-471-40637-6}}
* ''[http://wearcam.org/cyborg.htm Cyborg: Digital Destiny and Human Possibility in the Age of the Wearable Computer]'' Randomhouse Doubleday 2001
* ''The Wireless Application Protocol (WAP): A Wiley Tech Brief '' {{ISBN|0-471-39992-2}}
* ''International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 2003: Special Issue : Mediated Reality '' {{ISBN|0-8058-9604-X}}
* ''Advanced Palm Programming: Developing Real-World Applications'' {{ISBN|0-471-39087-9}}

== See also ==
* [[Gordon Bell]]
* [[Geoffrey Hinton]]
* [[Ray Kurzweil]]
* [[Marvin Minsky]]
* [[Kevin Warwick]]
* [[Surveillance art]]
* [[Chorded keyboard]]

== References ==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name=TorStar2013-02-13>{{cite news
| url = https://www.thestar.com/business/2013/02/22/google_glass_smart_watches_could_help_spawn_wearable_computer_age.html
| title = Google Glass, smart watches could help spawn wearable computer age
| newspaper = [[Toronto Star]]
| date = 2013-02-13
| first = Alex
| last = Ballingall
| access-date = 2016-01-03
| archive-date = 2013-05-31
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130531063939/http://www.thestar.com/business/2013/02/22/google_glass_smart_watches_could_help_spawn_wearable_computer_age.html
| url-status = live
| quote = Garten also noted a remarkable similarity between the Google Glass and the eyewear technology developed by Steve Mann, a University of Toronto professor known as the "cyborg" for constantly wearing his version of the wearable computer glasses. He’s often referred to as "the father" of the wearable computer and augmented reality vision.
}}</ref>
|30em}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.eecg.toronto.edu/~mann/ Mann's current web site as of 2015]
* {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20070202221524/http://www.eyetap.org/ EyeTap Personal Imaging (ePi) Lab]}}
* [http://wearcam.org/ Mann's website (wearcam.org)]
* [http://eyetap.org/publications/index.html Publications]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mann, Steve}}
[[Category:Human–computer interaction researchers]]
[[Category:1962 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Canadian electrical engineers]]
[[Category:Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni]]
[[Category:McMaster University alumni]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Toronto]]
[[Category:People from Hamilton, Ontario]]
[[Category:Canadian transhumanists]]
[[Category:MIT Media Lab people]]
[[Category:Canadian expatriate academics in the United States]]
[[Category:20th-century Canadian engineers]]
[[Category:21st-century Canadian engineers]]
[[Category:Canadian inventors]]