Editing Steer roping

{{short description|Rodeo event}}
'''Steer roping''', also known as '''steer tripping''' or '''steer jerking,''' is a [[rodeo]] event that features a [[Cattle#Terminology|steer]] and one mounted cowboy.<ref name="Lawrence1984">{{cite book|last=Lawrence|first=Elizabeth Atwood|title=Rodeo: An Anthropologist Looks at the Wild and the Tame|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f5-kEUi4ENMC&pg=PA36|access-date=26 November 2012|date=1984-05-15|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=9780226469553|pages=36–}}</ref><ref name="RogersWertheim1996">{{cite book|last1=Rogers|first1=Will|last2=Wertheim|first2=Arthur Frank |author2-link=Arthur Frank Wertheim|last3=Bair|first3=Barbara|title=The Papers of Will Rogers: The Early Years : November 1879-April 1904|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l_y-exxOwhoC&pg=PA159|access-date=26 November 2012|date=1996-02-01|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press|isbn=9780806127453|pages=159–}}</ref>

==Technique==
The steer roper starts behind a "barrier" - a taut rope fastened with an easily broken string which is fastened lightly to the steer. When the roper calls for the steer, the chute man trips a lever, opening the doors. The steer breaks out running. When the steer reaches the end of the tether, the string breaks, releasing the barrier for the horse and roper. Should the roper break the barrier, a 10-second penalty is added to his time.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8eoCAAAAMBAJ&q=%22steer+roping%22+penalty+10&pg=PA74|title=When Rodeo Goes on the Run|last=Santos|first=Kendra|date=March–April 1995|work=American Cowboy|access-date=26 November 2012|page=74}}</ref> The roper must throw his rope in a loop around the steer's horns.<ref name="Lawrence1984"/>

Once the rope is around the steer's horns, a right-handed roper throws the slack of the rope over the steer's right hip and then turns his horse to the left; when the rope comes tight, it pulls on the steer's hip up and turns the steer's head around, tripping or unbalancing the steer so that it falls.<ref name="Curnutt2001">{{cite book|last=Curnutt|first=Jordan|title=Animals and the Law: A Sourcebook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p2p0MptGeBkC&pg=PA271|access-date=26 November 2012|date=2001-11-01|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=9781576071472|pages=271–}}</ref>  The roper dismounts while his horse continues to gallop, pulling the steer along the ground, which prevents the animal from getting back to its feet. The horse is trained to slow once the rider is completely off the horse and has reached the steer, but to keep the rope taunt while the contestant ties three of the steer's legs together with a ''piggin string'' using a [[half hitch]] knot<ref name="Wishart2004">{{cite book|author1-link=David J. Wishart|last=Wishart|first=David J.|title=Encyclopedia of the Great Plains: A Project of the Center for Great Plains Studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rtRFyFO4hpEC&pg=PA785|access-date=26 November 2012|year=2004|publisher=U of Nebraska Press|isbn=9780803247871|pages=785–}}</ref><ref name="Sherman2000">{{cite book|last=Sherman|first=Josepha|title=Steer Wrestling|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cp96aF1yK10C|access-date=26 November 2012|date=2000-04-01|publisher=Heinemann-Raintree|isbn=9781575725079|page=23}}</ref> colloquially called a ''hooey''.<ref name="Strickland2012">{{cite book|last=Strickland|first=Charlene|title=The Basics of Western Riding|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9Xovfx3T8RkC&pg=PT256|access-date=26 November 2012|date=2012-10-19|publisher=Storey Publishing|isbn=9781612122243|pages=256–}}</ref>

The roper returns to his horse, mounts, and moves the horse forward, releasing the tension on the rope. An official will then time six seconds. If the steer is still tied at the end of the six seconds, an official time for the event is awarded.<ref name="Wishart2004"/>

[[Team roping]] is an unrelated event using two riders to rope a steer, one which ropes the head, the other the heels, immobilizing the animal between them. [[Calf roping]] or tie-down roping is an event, using a [[weanling]] calf that the roper manually throws to the ground after roping and then ties.  A related event using calves is [[breakaway roping]], where the calf is roped but not tied.

==Professional steer roping==
Professional steer roping occurs at the highest level in the [[Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association]] (PRCA). At the end of each season, there is a finals event called the [[National Finals Steer Roping]] (NFSR) which takes place in early November at the [[Kansas Star Arena]] in [[Mulvane, Kansas]]. Other PRCA events take place in early December at the [[National Finals Rodeo]] (NFR) at the [[Thomas & Mack Center]] in [[Las Vegas, Nevada]].<ref>{{cite web |title=National Finals Steer Roping |url=https://www.prorodeo.com/prorodeo/national-finals-rodeo/national-finals-steer-roping |website=Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association |access-date=November 26, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=National Finals Rodeo |url=https://www.prorodeo.com/prorodeo/national-finals-rodeo |website=Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association |access-date=November 26, 2019}}</ref>

==Animal welfare==
{{Further|Animal treatment in rodeo}}

Steer roping is considered controversial due to concerns about [[animal welfare]].<ref name="LeCompte2000">{{cite book|last=LeCompte|first=Mary Lou|title=Cowgirls of the Rodeo: Pioneer Professional Athletes|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ApBAVdQBLpEC&pg=PA116|access-date=26 November 2012|date=2000-02-01|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=9780252068744|pages=116–}}</ref><ref name="BaxterSlatta2008">{{cite book|last1=Baxter|first1=John O.|last2=Slatta|first2=Richard W.|title=Cowboy Park: steer-roping contests on the border|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WhzaAAAAMAAJ|access-date=26 November 2012|year=2008|publisher=Texas Tech University Press|isbn=9780896726420|page=4}}</ref> Within the [[United States]] it has been illegal in [[Rhode Island]] since 2001.<ref name="Curnutt2001"/>

Steer roping is recognized by the [[Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association]] (PRCA), but downplayed, mentioned only in passing at the official PRCA website.<ref>[http://www.prorodeo.com/eventcategory.aspx PRCA Event categories]</ref>  It is only held at some rodeos,<ref name=Britannica/> currently about 60 per year,<ref>[http://pendletonroundup.com/rodeo/steer-roping/ Pendleton Round Up: Steer Roping] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120918182736/http://pendletonroundup.com/rodeo/steer-roping/ |date=2012-09-18 }}</ref> the annual championship competition is held separately from other championship events,<ref name=Britannica>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/564810/steer-roping Britannica.com "Steer roping']</ref><ref>[http://www.nationalfinalssteerroping.com/index.php Steer roping finals]</ref> and steer roping is not included as part of the widely televised [[National Finals Rodeo]].<ref>[http://www.prorodeo.com/Standings2012.aspx WNFR Standings by event]</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Rodeo}}

==External links==
*[https://www.prorodeo.com/ Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association]

[[Category:Roping (rodeo)|Roping (rodeo)]]
[[Category:Rodeo events]]