Editing Spirit world (Latter Day Saints)

{{short description|In LDS theology, realm where the spirits of the dead await the resurrection}}
{{About|the "spirit world" as related to Mormonism|other uses|Spirit world (disambiguation)}}
{{religious text primary|date=December 2010}}
[[Image:Mormon plan of Salvation diagram (English) (2).jpg|thumb|right|350px|The [[Plan of Salvation (Latter Day Saints)|Plan of Salvation]], as illustrated by some within the [[Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] (not doctrinal)]]
In [[Mormonism|Latter Day Saints theology]], the term '''spirit world''' refers to the realm where the spirits of the dead await the [[resurrection]]. In LDS thought, this spirit world is divided into at least two conditions: [[Paradise#Mormonism|Paradise]] and spirit prison:

Paradise includes "the spirits of the just, who had been faithful in the testimony of Jesus while they lived in mortality."<ref>[https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/dc-testament/dc/138.12?lang=eng Doctrine and Covenants 138:12].</ref>

Spirit prison is the condition of the spirits of "the wicked ... the ungodly and the unrepentant who had defiled themselves while in the flesh ... the rebellious who rejected the testimonies and the warnings of the ancient prophets".<ref>[https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/dc-testament/dc/138.20-21?lang=eng Doctrine and Covenants 138:20–21].</ref> The latter will continue to receive gospel teaching and be given the opportunity to repent, though their disposition toward repentance will only change as they recognize and accept gospel truths and believe in [[Jesus in Christianity|Jesus Christ]].

==Paradise==
The spirit world is believed to be a place of continued spiritual growth for all spirits who embrace the teachings of Christ. Christ organized this teaching process during the time between [[Crucifixion of Jesus|his death on the cross]] and his resurrection, among those who had been faithful to the gospel, so that they could teach those who had not yet heard its message.<ref name = onethirtyeight>[https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/dc-testament/dc/138.12,18-19,25-30?lang=eng Doctrine and Covenants 137:12, 18–19, 25–30].</ref>

[[Brigham Young]] stated,
<blockquote>
Where is the spirit world? It is right here...Do [spirits of the departed] go beyond the boundaries of the organized earth? No, they do not...Can you see it with your natural eyes? No. Can you see spirits in this room? No. Suppose the Lord should touch your eyes that you might see, could you then see the spirits? Yes, as plainly as you now see bodies.<ref>[[John A. Widtsoe|Widtsoe, John A.]] (ed.) (1925) ''Discourses of Brigham Young'', [https://books.google.com/books?id=mjeBej1isGsC&q=discourses+of+brigham+young&pg=PA577 p. 577].</ref>
</blockquote>

[[Joseph Smith]] taught:
<blockquote>
The spirits of the just ... are not far from us, and know and understand our thoughts, feelings, and emotions, and are often pained therewith.<ref>Joseph Smith, [[Joseph Fielding Smith]] (ed.), ''[[Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith (book)|Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith]]'', p. 326.</ref>
</blockquote>

==Spirit prison==
{{For|a different concept with a similar name found in other faiths|Spirits in prison}}
Spirit prison is believed by the [[Latter-day Saints]] to be both a place and the state of the soul between death and the resurrection, for people who have either not yet received knowledge of the gospel of Jesus Christ, or those who have been taught but have rejected it. It is a temporary state within the spirit world. Those who rejected the gospel after it was preached to them may suffer in a condition known as hell.<ref>[https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/manual/gospel-principles/chapter-41-the-postmortal-spirit-world?lang=eng "Chapter 41: The Postmortal Spirit World"], ''[[Gospel Principles]]'' (Salt Lake City, Utah: LDS Church, 2011).</ref> The suffering associated with the spirit prison refers to anguish of the soul because of acute knowledge of one's own sins and unclean state.

Latter-day Saints believe that spirit prison (a name based on the phrase "the [[spirits in prison]]" in the KJV translation of 1 Peter 3:19) is a place in the post-mortal spirit world for those who have "died in their sins, without a knowledge of the truth, or in transgression, having rejected the prophets".<ref name = onethirtyeight/> This is a temporary state in which spirits will be taught the gospel and have the opportunity to repent and accept ordinances of salvation that are performed for them in [[Temple (Latter Day Saints)|temples]].<ref name = onethirtyeight/> Those who accept the gospel may dwell in paradise until the resurrection. Those who choose not to repent but who are not [[Son of perdition (Mormonism)|sons of perdition]] will remain in spirit prison until the end of the Millennium, when they will be freed from hell and punishment and be resurrected to a [[telestial kingdom|telestial glory]].<ref>{{lds|D&C|dc|76|81|85}}</ref><ref>{{citation |title= True to the Faith: A Gospel Reference |year= 2004 |publisher= LDS Church |url= https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/manual/true-to-the-faith/hell?lang=eng |contribution= Hell |page= 81 }}</ref>

==Outer darkness==
{{Main|Outer darkness#Usage in the Latter Day Saint movement}}
In the teachings of the [[Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] (LDS Church), "outer darkness" has two separate meanings.

===Temporary abode of the wicked===
First, [[Standard Works|LDS Church scripture]] uses the term ''outer darkness'' to refer to a condition in the spirit world. The [[Book of Mormon]] teaches that after death, the spirits of those who "chose evil works rather than good" in mortality will be "cast out into outer darkness".<ref>[https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/bofm/alma/40.13?lang=eng Alma 40:13].</ref> This is considered to be a condition of great torment, where there will be "weeping, and wailing, and gnashing of teeth".<ref>[https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/bofm/alma/40.13?lang=eng Alma 40:13]; see also [https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/nt/matt/8.12?lang=eng Matthew 8:12].</ref> In this sense, outer darkness and [[#Paradise|spirit paradise]] are the two possible destinations for individuals immediately after death. This place of torment in the spirit world is much more commonly referred to by modern Latter-day Saints as [[#Spirit prison|spirit prison]].

===Popular use: permanent abode of sons of perdition===
Second, in modern Latter-day Saint vernacular, ''outer darkness'' usually refers to an eternal state of punishment.<ref name="Chapter 46: The Last Judgment">[https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/manual/gospel-principles/chapter-46-the-final-judgment?lang=eng “Chapter 46: The Final Judgment”], ''[[Gospel Principles]]'' (Salt Lake City, Utah: LDS Church, 2011).</ref> Mortals who during their lifetime become [[Son of perdition (Mormonism)|sons of perdition]]—those who commit the [[Eternal sin#Latter-day Saints|unpardonable sin]]—will be consigned to outer darkness.<ref name="Chapter 46: The Last Judgment"/> It is taught that the unpardonable sin is committed by those who "den[y] the Son after the Father has revealed him".<ref>[https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/gs/hell?lang=eng "Guide to the Scriptures: Hell"]; see also [https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/dc-testament/dc/76.43-46?lang=eng Doctrine and Covenants 76:43–46].</ref> However, according to Mormon faith, since most humans lack such an extent of religious enlightment, they cannot commit the [[Eternal sin]],<ref>[[Spencer W. Kimball]]: [[The Miracle of Forgiveness]], p. 123.</ref> and the vast majority of residents of outer darkness will be the "devil and his angels ... the third part of the hosts of heaven" who in the [[pre-existence]] followed [[Lucifer]] and never received a mortal body.<ref>[https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/dc-testament/dc/29.36-39?lang=eng Doctrine and Covenants 29:36–39].</ref> The residents of outer darkness who received a mortal body, while being resurrected like the rest of mankind, are the only children of God that will not receive one of three [[Degrees of glory|kingdoms of glory]] at the [[Last Judgment]], remaining in that state of suffering for their own sins, for eternity. This state shares some similarities with certain [[Hell in Christian beliefs|Christian views of hell]]. On this subject, [[Joseph Smith]] taught that those who commit the unpardonable sin are "doomed to ''Gnolaum''—to dwell in hell, worlds without end."<ref>Joseph Smith, [[Joseph Fielding Smith]] (ed.) (1977). ''[[Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith (book)|Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith]]'' (Salt Lake City, Utah: Deseret Book), p. 361.; italics in original.</ref> The word ''gnolaum'' is used elsewhere by Smith to mean "eternal" (in the sense of 'everlasting' or 'forever' with perpetuity in time, and likely not "eternal" as 'outside of time' or having no relationship with the temporality).<ref>[https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/pgp/abr/3.18?lang=eng Abraham 3:18].</ref> It is believed by Latter-day Saints that "few" people who have lived on the earth will be consigned to this state,<ref>[[Boyd. K. Packer]], [https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/ensign/1995/11/the-brilliant-morning-of-forgiveness?lang=eng "The Brilliant Morning of Forgiveness"], ''[[Ensign (LDS magazine)|Ensign]]'', November 1995.</ref> but Latter-day Saint scripture suggests that at least [[Cain]] will be present.<ref>[https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/pgp/moses/5.22-26?lang=eng Moses 5:22–26].</ref>

===Meaning===
It is unclear in the teachings of [[Mormonism]] whether both the temporary and permanent uses of outer darkness refer to physical places or if both are merely descriptions of personal states of suffering and torment. The uncanonized [[Bible Dictionary (LDS Church)|LDS Church ''Bible Dictionary'']] suggests that biblical "expressions about 'hell-fire' are probably ... figurative of the torment of those who willfully disobey God."<ref>LDS Church, [https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/bd/hell?lang=eng "Hell"], ''[[Bible Dictionary (LDS Church)|Bible Dictionary]]'' (Salt Lake City, Utah: LDS Church, 1979).</ref> It is also unclear whether sons of perdition will ultimately be redeemed; of outer darkness and the sons of perdition, Latter-day Saint scripture states that "the end thereof, neither the place thereof, nor their torment, no man knows; Neither was it revealed, neither is, neither will be revealed unto man, except to them who are made partakers thereof."<ref>[https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/dc-testament/dc/76.45-46?lang=eng Doctrine and Covenants 76:45–46].</ref>

== See also ==
{{Portal|Latter Day Saint movement}}
{{div col}}
* [[Baptism for the dead]]
* [[Fate of the unlearned#Latter-day Saint tradition]]
* [[Intermediate state (Christianity)|Intermediate state]], a non-LDS term for the period between death and resurrection in Christian eschatology
* [[Paradise]], for non-LDS usage of the term
* [[Spirit body]]
* [[Temple (LDS Church)]]
* [[Universalism and the Latter Day Saint movement]]
{{div col end}}

==Notes==
{{Reflist|2}}

==References==
* [[Joseph Fielding Smith]], ''The Way to Perfection'', 1949, Chapter 44.
* [[Alvin R. Dyer]], ''Who Am I'', 1966, Chapter 40.
* [[Joseph Fielding McConkie]], ''Straightforward Answers to Tough Gospel Questions'', 1998, p.&nbsp;96 (Chapter 6).
* Joseph Fielding Smith, ''[[Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith (book)|Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith]]'', 1976, p.&nbsp;310.

== External links ==

{{Heaven}}

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[[Category:Afterlife places]]
[[Category:Latter Day Saint concepts of the afterlife]]
[[Category:Latter Day Saint terms]]