Editing Shalmaneser I

{{short description|Assyrian king}}
{{Infobox monarch
| name         = Shalmaneser I
| title        = {{unbulleted list
 | [[King of Assyria]]
 | [[King of All Peoples]]
}}
| reign        = 1273–1244 BC<ref>{{Cite book|last=Chen|first=Fei|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N3znDwAAQBAJ|title=Study on the Synchronistic King List from Ashur|publisher=BRILL|year=2020|isbn=978-9004430914|location=Leiden|chapter=Appendix I: A List of Assyrian Kings|chapter-url=https://brill.com/view/book/9789004430921/back-1.xml?body=fullhtml-43184}}</ref><br>1263-1234 BC
| predecessor  = [[Adad-nirari I]]
| successor    = [[Tukulti-Ninurta I]]
| father       = [[Adad-nirari I]]
| succession   = King of the [[Middle Assyrian Empire]]
| issue        = [[Tukulti-Ninurta I]]
}}

'''Shalmaneser I''' (𒁹𒀭𒁲𒈠𒉡𒊕 <sup>md</sup>''sál-ma-nu-SAG'' ''Salmanu-ašared'';<ref>[http://oracc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/tcma/laws/cbd/qpn-x-people/x00000080.html ORACC Middle Assyrian Laws - Shalmaneser I]</ref><ref>The name means: "[the god] Salmanu is preeminent"; Georges Roux, ''Ancient Iraq'' (Penguin, 3rd ed., 1992), p. 295.</ref> 1273–1244 BC or 1265–1235 BC) was a king of [[Assyria]] during the [[Middle Assyrian Empire]]. He was the son and successor of [[Adad-nirari I]].<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911 |wstitle=Shalmaneser |volume=24 |page=798 |first=Archibald Henry |last=Sayce |inline=1}}</ref>
[[File:Stele of king Shalmaneser I, 1263-1234 BCE. From Assur, Iraq. Pergamon Museum.jpg|thumb|Stele of king Shalmaneser I, 1263-1234 BCE. From Assur, Iraq. Pergamon Museum]]

==Reign==
'''Year 1''': According to his annals, discovered at [[Assur]], in his first year he conquered eight countries in the northwest and destroyed the fortress of [[Arinnu]], the dust of which he brought to Assur.

'''Year 2''': In his second year he defeated [[Shattuara]], king of [[Hanilgalbat]] ([[Mitanni]]), and his [[Hittites|Hittite]] and [[Ahlamu]] allies.<ref name="EB1911" /> He incorporated the remains of the [[Mittanni]] kingdom as part of one of the Assyrian provinces. Shalmaneser I also claimed to have [[blindness|blinded]] 14,400 enemy prisoners in one eye. He was one of the first Assyrian kings who was known to deport his defeated enemies to various lands rather than simply slaughtering them all.

He conquered the whole country from [[Taite|Taidu]] to [[Irridu]], from Mount Kashiar to Eluhat, and from the fortresses of Sudu and Harranu to [[Carchemish]] on the [[Euphrates]]. He built palaces at [[Assur]] and [[Nineveh]], restored the "world-temple" at Assur (Ehursagkurkurra), and founded the city of [[Kalhu]] (the biblical [[Calah]]/[[Nimrud]]).<ref name="EB1911" /> He was succeeded by his son [[Tukulti-Ninurta I]].

[[Image:KingshalmaneserI.jpg|thumb|250px|''Shalmaneser I pours out the dust of Arina before his God'', illustration in Hutchinson's ''Story of the Nations'']]Annual [[limmu]] officials beginning with the year of accession of Šulmanu-ašared. The list is partly derived from Freydank<ref>Helmut Freydank, AoF 3 (2005), 45-56.</ref> and McIntyre.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090808065904/http://geocities.com/farfarer2001/eponyms/shalmaneser_1/shalmaneser1_summary.html Eponyms of Shalmaneser 1 – Summary<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> The exact order of the earliest limmus is conjectural but the ordering from Šerriya onwards is essentially fixed.

==Notes==
<references/>

==Sources==
* Dönbaz, Veysel, and Grant, Frame (1983). "[https://www.academia.edu/5736394/The_Building_Activities_of_Shalmaneser_I_in_Northern_Mesopotamia_with_V._Donbaz The building activities of Shalmaneser I in Northern Mesopotamia]". ''Annual Review of the Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia Project'' '''1''' (1983): 1–5.

{{S-start}}
{{s-bef
| before = [[Adad-nirari I]]
}}
{{s-ttl
| title = [[King of Assyria]]
| years = 1273–1244 BC
}}
{{s-aft
| after = [[Tukulti-Ninurta I]]
}}
{{s-end}}
{{Assyrian kings}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shalmaneser 01}}
[[Category:13th-century BC Assyrian kings]]
[[Category:13th-century BC deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]