Editing Septoria

{{Short description|Genus of fungi}}
{{For|septoria leaf blotch, formerly believed to be in this genus|Zymoseptoria tritici}}
{{Automatic taxobox 
| image = Septoria lycopersici malagutii leaf spot on tomato leaf.jpg
| image_caption = [[Septoria lycopersici|''S. lycopersici'']] on [[tomato]]
| image_alt = [[Septoria lycopersici|''S. lycopersici'']] on tomato leaf
| image2 = Knolselderij bladvlekkenziekte op 'Dolvi' (Apium graveolens var. rapaceum with Septoria apiicola).jpg
| image2_caption = [[Septoria apiicola|''S. apiicola'']] on [[celery]]
| image2_alt = [[Septoria apiicola|''S. apiicola'']] on [[celery]] leaf
| taxon = Septoria
| authority = [[Sacc.]] (1884)
| type_species = ''[[Septoria cytisi]]''
| type_species_authority = [[Desm.]] (1847)
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = See text
}}

'''''Septoria''''' is a genus of [[fungal]] [[plant pathogens]] in the phylum [[Ascomycota]]. They cause necrotic [[leaf spot]]s on the leaves of their hosts, producing filiform or cylindrical [[conidia]] inside [[pycnidia]] embedded in the leaves.<ref name="Verkley et al., 2013"></ref> Economically important species cause diseases on [[field crop]]s, [[Fodder|forages]], and [[vegetable]]s. The [[genus]] is widespread, and estimated to contain 1072 species.<ref name=Kirk2008>{{cite book |vauthors=Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA |title=Dictionary of the Fungi |edition=10th |publisher=CABI |location=Wallingford |year=2008|page=630|isbn=978-0-85199-826-8}}</ref>

==Notable species==
''[[Septoria apiicola]]'' is the cause of late blight of [[celery]]. It can survive on seeds, causing disease in the seedlings when they germinate.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Maude, R. B.)) | journal=Annals of Applied Biology | title=Studies on ''Septoria'' on celery seed | volume=54 | issue=3 | pages=313–326 | publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Ltd | date= December 1964 | issn=0003-4746 | doi=10.1111/j.1744-7348.1964.tb01196.x}}
</ref>

Several species of [[Passiflora|passion flower]] are infected by several species of ''Septoria''. One species, initially thought to be ''[[Septoria passiflorae]]'', but actually an [[undescribed species]], has been used to control the [[invasive species|invasive]] ''[[Passiflora tarminiana]]'' in Hawai'i.<ref>{{cite magazine
|author=Landcare Research
|title=Infidelity Ends Hopes of a Passion-Filled Relationship
|magazine=What's New in Biological Control of Weeds?|volume=34
|year=2005
|url=https://www.landcareresearch.co.nz/assets/Publications/Weed-biocontrol/wtsnew34.pdf
|access-date=2025-04-23
|issn=1173-762X}}</ref>

==Dispersal==
The [[pycnidia]] produce [[conidia]], which are pushed out through an opening. They are spread by splashing rain.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=Brown AG, Rosielle AA | journal=Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia |series=Series 4 | title=Prospects for control of ''Septoria'' | volume=21 | issue=1 | pages=8–11 | date=1 January 1980}}</ref>

==Taxonomy==
In 2013, two large volumes (about 80 pages a piece) on ''Septoria'' and septoria-like fungi were published in the open access journal ''Studies in Mycology''. In these papers by Quaedvlieg et al. and Verkley et al., the genus ''Septoria'' is clearly defined and identification techniques are discussed in detail. Besides going into detail about the genus ''Septoria s. str.'', many septoria-like genera are discussed and clearly illustrated.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Quaedvlieg|first=w|author2=G.J.M. Verkley|author3=H.-D. Shin|author4=R.W. Barreto|author5=A.C. Alfenas|author6=W.J. Swart|author7=J.Z. Groenewald|author8=P.W. Crous|name-list-style=amp|title=Sizing up Septoria|journal=Studies in Mycology|year=2013|volume=75|issue=1|pages=307–390|doi=10.3114/sim0017|pmid=24014902|pmc=3713890}}</ref><ref name="Verkley et al., 2013">{{cite journal|last=Verkley|first=G.J.M.|author2=W. Quaedvlieg|author3=H.-D. Shin|author4=P.W. Crous|name-list-style=amp|title=A new approach to species delimitation in Septoria|journal=Studies in Mycology|year=2013|volume=75|issue=1|pages=213–305|doi=10.3114/sim0018|pmid=24014901|pmc=3713889}}</ref>

Species include:
{{Columns-list|colwidth=22em|

*''[[Septoria apiicola]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria aciculosa]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria ampelina]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria azaleae]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria bataticola]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria campanulae]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria cannabis]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria caryae]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria citri]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria cucurbitacearum]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria cytisi]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria darrowii]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria dianthi]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria eumusae]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria fragariae]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria fragariaecola]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria glycines]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria helianthi]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria humuli]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria hydrangeae]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria lactucae]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria lycopersici]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria malagutii]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria matthiolae]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria menthae]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria musiva]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria ostryae]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria passerinii]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria passiflorae]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria pisi]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria pistaciae]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria platanifolia]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria rhododendri]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria secalis]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria selenophomoides]]'' <small></small>
*''[[Septoria steviae]]'' <small></small>
*''Septoria tritici'' {{mdash}} Now ''[[Zymoseptoria tritici]]'' <small></small>
}}

==Gallery==
{{Gallery
|File:Septoria cymbalariae, Dublin, IE imported from iNaturalist photo 475905461.jpg
|''[[Septoria cymbalariae]]'' on ''[[Cymbalaria muralis]]''.
|File:Septoria scillae, Castlereagh, Northern Ireland, GB imported from iNaturalist photo 485428042.png
|[[Pycnidia]] of a ''Septoria'' found on ''[[Hyacinthoides non-scripta]]''. They are extruding columns of [[conidia]].
|File:Septoria scillae, Castlereagh, Northern Ireland, GB imported from iNaturalist photo 485427987.png
|[[Conidia]] of a ''Septoria'' found on ''[[Hyacinthoides non-scripta]]''.
}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q310475}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Septoria| ]]
[[Category:Fungal plant pathogens and diseases]]
[[Category:Mycosphaerellaceae genera]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Pier Andrea Saccardo]]
[[Category:Taxa described in 1884]]


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