Editing Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania

{{Short description|County in Pennsylvania, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox U.S. county
 | county               = Schuylkill County
 | state                = Pennsylvania
 | seal                 = Seal of Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania.png
 | founded date         = March 1
 | founded year         = 1811
 | seat wl              = Pottsville
 | largest city wl      = Pottsville
 | named for            = [[Schuylkill River]]
 | area_total_sq_mi     = 783
 | area_land_sq_mi      = 779
 | area_water_sq_mi     = 4.2
 | area percentage      = 0.5%
 | census yr            = 2020
 | pop                  = 143049
 | density_sq_mi        = 184
 | web                  = http://www.co.schuylkill.pa.us/
 | time zone            = Eastern
 | area codes           = [[Area codes 570 and 272|570]] and [[Area codes 717 and 223|717]]
 | district             = 9th
 | ex image             = FAB's BlaschakCoalCompany IMG 4442 BLASCHAK 'Modern Breaker Coal Processing Plant'.JPG
 | ex image cap         = [[St. Nicholas Breaker|St. Nicholas Coal Breaker]] in [[Mahanoy City, Pennsylvania|Mahanoy City]] in July 2013
}}

'''Schuylkill County''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|k|uː|l|k|ɪ|l}},<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/Schuylkill_River|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170925230231/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/Schuylkill_River|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 25, 2017|title=Schuylkill River - Definition of Schuylkill River in US English by Oxford Dictionaries|website=Oxford Dictionaries - English}}</ref> {{IPAc-en|local|-|k|əl}}; [[Pennsylvania Dutch language|Pennsylvania Dutch]]: Schulkill Kaundi) is a [[County (United States)|county]] in the [[Commonwealth (U.S. state)|Commonwealth]] of [[Pennsylvania]]. As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population was 143,049.<ref>{{cite web |title=Census - Geography Profile: Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|url=https://data.census.gov/profile/Schuylkill_County,_Pennsylvania?g=0500000US42107|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=December 18, 2022}}</ref> The [[county seat]] is [[Pottsville, Pennsylvania|Pottsville]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|access-date=June 7, 2011|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref> The county is part of the [[Northeastern Pennsylvania|Northeast Pennsylvania]] region of the state.{{efn|Includes Luzerne, Lackawanna, Monroe, Schuylkill, Carbon, Pike, Bradford, Wayne, Susquehanna, Wyoming and Sullivan Counties}}

The county is part of the Pottsville [[micropolitan statistical area]], and borders eight  counties: [[Berks County, Pennsylvania|Berks]] and [[Lebanon County, Pennsylvania|Lebanon]] counties to its south, [[Dauphin County, Pennsylvania|Dauphin]] and [[Northumberland County, Pennsylvania|Northumberland]] counties to its west, [[Columbia County, Pennsylvania|Columbia]] and [[Luzerne County, Pennsylvania|Luzerne]] counties to its north, and [[Carbon County, Pennsylvania|Carbon]] and [[Lehigh County, Pennsylvania|Lehigh]] counties to its east. The county is approximately {{convert|47|mi|km}} west of [[Allentown, Pennsylvania|Allentown]], the state's third-largest city, and {{convert|97|mi|km}} northwest of [[Philadelphia]], the state's largest city.

The county was created on March 1, 1811, from parts of Berks and [[Northampton County, Pennsylvania|Northampton]] counties<ref name=":1">The History of Schuylkill County Pa. with Illustrations and Biographical Sketches of some of its Prominent Men and Pioneers, New York: W.W. Munsell and Co., 1881, p. 74</ref> and named for the [[Schuylkill River]], which originates in the county. On March 3, 1818, additional territory in its northeast was added from Columbia and Luzerne counties.<ref name=":1" /> 

==History==
===18th century===
{{Further|Pennsylvania in the American Revolution}}
The lands that constitute present-day Schuylkill County were acquired by [[William Penn]]'s proprietors in a treaty executed August 22, 1749, with representatives of the [[Iroquois|Six Nations]] and the [[Delaware Tribe of Indians|Delaware]], [[Shamokin (village)|Shamokin]], and [[Shawnee]] tribes, who received 500 pounds in "lawful money of Pennsylvania". The acquired territory described included all of Schuylkill County except the northern part of [[Union Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Union Township]], which was included in the purchase of 1768.<ref>DAVIES, JOSEPH H. (CHAIRMAN), ENGLE CHARLES H., YOUNG, ELWOOD M., Area History: A Centennial History - Mahanoy City, (1963), p.9</ref>

In 1744, an early [[Mill (grinding)|mill]] was built in the county by John Finscher, but it later burned down.

In 1754, present-day Schuylkill, [[Berks County, Pennsylvania|Berks]], [[Dauphin County, Pennsylvania|Dauphin]], [[Lebanon County, Pennsylvania|Lebanon]], and [[Lehigh County, Pennsylvania|Lehigh]] counties were settled by [[Germans|German]] immigrants. The earliest settlers in southeastern Schuylkill County, which was then part of [[Northampton County, Pennsylvania|Northampton County]], were primarily [[Moravian Church|Moravian]] [[Palatines]] from the [[Electorate of Saxony|Saxony]] region of [[Germany]]. 

In 1755, the first [[Trunk (botany)|log]] [[church (building)|church]] was built in the county. [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] massacres were commonplace in Schuylkill County between 1755 and 1765. Warrant for tracts of land in the vicinity of [[McKeansburg, Pennsylvania|McKeansburg]] were established as early as 1750.<ref name = "tales">[https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJDHdBOfHCQC&q=schuylkill&pg=PA181 Old Schuylkill Tales: A History of Interesting Events, Traditions and Ella Zerbey Elliott - Google Books]. Books.google.com. Retrieved on August 15, 2013.</ref> 

In 1790, [[anthracite]], a highly efficient form of [[coal]] then known as stone coal, was discovered near present-day [[Pottsville, Pennsylvania|Pottsville]] by Necho Allen.{{efn|In the 1760s, surveyors discovered anthracite coal in the vicinity of Pottsville and Minersville. The survey team was plotting the course of the King's Highway from Reading to Sunbury. http://portcarbonborough.org/history}} 

In 1795, a blacksmith based in Schuylkill County known as Whetstone resolved the question of how to use anthracite successfully for [[blacksmithing]] purposes. In 1806, additional sources of coal were found as the [[Tailrace fishing|tailrace]] was cut on the [[Schuylkill River]]. Daniel Berlin, another blacksmith, used it successfully, and blacksmiths in the county and surrounding [[Coal Region]] ultimately adopted its use, which represented a core industry, fuel source, and employment sector in the county throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries.<ref>Day, Sherman, ''History of Schuylkill County'' (1843)</ref>

===19th century===
{{Further|Pennsylvania in the American Civil War}}
[[File:Bretz, Kohinoor Mine, 1884.jpg|thumb|The Bretz, Kohinoor Mine in [[Shenandoah, Pennsylvania|Shenandoah]] in 1884]]
[[File:Pottsville, Pennsylvania. Luk's mural on mining, Necho Allen Hotel, 1938 by Sheldon Dick.jpg|thumb|The 1927 [[George Luks]] mural at Necho Allen Hotel in [[Pottsville, Pennsylvania|Pottsville]] pays tribute to the region's 19th and early 20th century coal miners.]]
[[File:Yuengling brewery.jpg|thumb|[[Yuengling]] brewery in [[Pottsville, Pennsylvania|Pottsville]] in March 2007]]
Schuylkill County was created via an Act of Assembly on March 1, 1811, from portions of [[Berks County, Pennsylvania|Berks]] and [[Northampton County, Pennsylvania|Northampton]] counties.<ref name=":2">The Legislation was signed by Governor [[Simon Snyder]] on March 18. See, History of Schuylkill County, Munsell, 1881, p.74</ref> More land was added to the county in 1818, from [[Columbia County, Pennsylvania|Columbia]] and [[Luzerne County, Pennsylvania|Luzerne]] counties.<ref name=":2" /> At the time of its creation, the county had a population of about 6,000.<ref name="auto1">Dives, Pomeroy & Stewart, The History of Schulykill County in Honor of the County's Centenary (1911)</ref><ref name = "tales"/>

[[Orwigsburg, Pennsylvania|Orwigsburg]] was the first organized community in Schuylkill County. During the county's early years, there was an attempt to make [[McKeansburg, Pennsylvania|McKeansburg]] the [[county seat]]; Orwigsburg was also a contender. Orwigsburg was selected as the county seat because it was deemed to be better suited for industries.<ref name = "tales"/>  Beginning in 1831, support for moving the county seat to [[Pottsville, Pennsylvania|Pottsville]] began gaining traction. In 1846, the state legislature passed an Act that was approved by Governor [[Francis R. Shunk]] on March 13, submitting the question to the voters. The change was desired principally because the railroad and canal connections with Orwigsburg were problematic while Pottsville had facilities and was within easy access from all parts of the county.<ref name="auto1"/>

In 1812, George Shoemaker and Necho Allen discovered stone coal at Centerville in Schuylkill County, and personally delivered some of it to [[Philadelphia]]. He gave away most of the coal, intending to encourage individuals to find ways to use it. Most of the experiments failed, and Shoemaker was nearly run out of town and called an imposter but Mellon and Bishop of Delaware County successfully used it in their [[rolling mill]]. When other rolling mills also adopted the use of coal as fuel, a large industrial market and demand developed.<ref>Watson, J.F., ''Annals of Philadelphia, being a collection of memoirs, anecdotes, and incidents of the city and its inhabitants'', Philadelphia: Cary and Hart (1830)</ref>

The Schuylkill Navigation Company was chartered in 1815 to build a series of navigation improvements in the [[Schuylkill River]] during a period when the much larger [[Erie Canal]] along the [[Mohawk River]] in [[New York (state)|New York state]] had already been developed and was well ahead of other key canals fueling the [[Industrial Revolution in the United States|American Industrial Revolution]], including the [[Delaware and Hudson Canal|Delaware and Hudson]], the [[Lehigh Canal|Lehigh]], the [[Chesapeake and Ohio Canal|Chesapeake and Ohio]], [[Delaware and Raritan Canal|Delaware and Raritan]], and [[Morris Canal|Morris]] canals. The originators of the project did not count upon the coal trade to promote the success of the undertaking. They looked forward mainly to transporting the agricultural products being produced below the mountains, the lumber of Schuylkill County, and the grain and other products of the counties between the [[Susquehanna River|Susquehanna]] and [[Schuylkill River|Schuylkill]] rivers. 

In 1822, in the first shipment of coal on the line, 1,480 tons of coal were transported from present-day Schuylkill County.<ref name=":3">Munsell, W., ''History of Schuylkill County'', New York: Macnamara, 1881</ref>

With a regular supply of [[anthracite]] coal ensured, the southern anthracite coal field in Schuylkill County attracted speculators and fortune hunters. They were inspired by dreams of becoming millionaires. This was the first speculative era of the Schuylkill coal trade. Pottsville became the center of the movement. The more successful explorers revealed numerous veins of coal, extending over a vast stretch of county and with a seemingly inexhaustible quantity of coal. These discoveries brought excitement and speculation; lands were bought and sold; roads were laid out in the forest, mines were opened and railroads projected, and innumerable town plots planned. The demand for houses was so great that the lumber for many was framed in Philadelphia and sent by canal to the burgeoning coal region.<ref name=":3" />

At this stage, coal mining firms were predominantly small and family owned. The residents and entrepreneurs of the Schuylkill region opposed the entry here of incorporated coal companies. In these years, coal mining operations in the Schuylkill region were conducted with economy, and relatively little capital was required. As the workings were all above the water level, no machinery was required for water drainage or for hoisting coal to the surface. Coal breakers and other expensive fixtures and appliances for the preparation of coal had not then been introduced. Numerous operators produced from five to six thousand tons for market annually, which was then considered a respectable business, who had never committed thousands of dollars to their enterprises, including their first land purchases of coal mines. Coal land could be bought and mines opened for less capital than the purchase and stocking of a decent farm, and coal mines could be worked for less capital than that required to establish a line of stagecoaches or transportation wagons.<ref name=":3" />

Railroads ultimately replaced the canals as the primary means of transporting coal to markets. Mining was taken over by major corporate business, especially after the [[American Civil War|Civil War]]. As a result, the Middle Coal Field was developed in the 1860s and the [[Reading Company|Philadelphia and Reading Railroad]] created a subsidiary, [[Reading Anthracite Company|Philadelphia and Reading Coal and Iron Company]], to buy or lease, and develop the expanding industrial coal trade. Consumption of coal along the Schuylkill above Philadelphia in 1839 was 30,290 tons when Pottsville, the first [[anthracite]] furnace in the United States, became operational. By 1849, consumption had increased to 239,290 tons, to 554,774 tons in 1859, and to 1,787,205 tons in 1873.<ref name=":3" />

The numerous jobs in the mining industry comprised a catalyst for mass immigration to Schuylkill County from the [[British Isles]] and Europe in the 19th and 20th centuries. As mines became more numerous (by 1846 there were 110 operators in the region and 142 collieries in Schuylkill County) and more complex (in 1846 there were 35 collieries below water level), mechanical breakers, steam locomotive, it became more labor-intensive both for accomplishing mining tasks and supporting mining's peripheral industries. Such industries included manufacturing of explosives, metal screens, pump components, piping, and timber for support. This led to an influx of population into Schuylkill and other anthracite counties to fill these jobs. 

Beginning with the Irish immigration in the 1840s, which was fueled by the [[Great Famine (Ireland)|Great Famine]] and followed the end of the Civil War, immigrants from [[Eastern Europe]], including Poles, Hungarians, Lithuanians, Slovaks, Rusyns, Ukrainians, and Belarusians (which were usually known as Ruthenians), often from the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, settled in Schuylkill County and labored in the county coal mines. By the 1880s and 1890s, thousands of Italians immigrated to the county in pursuit of mining jobs.

===20th century===
{{Further|Kelayres massacre}}
[[File:Schuylkill Haven, Pennsylvania (8484096064).jpg|thumb|The [[Schuylkill Haven, Pennsylvania|Schuylkill Haven]] Fire Company in May 2012]]
[[File:Orwigsburg, Pennsylvania.jpg|thumb|[[Orwigsburg, Pennsylvania|Orwigsburg]] in May 2012]]
[[File:Deer Lake Dam, Schuylkill Co PA 01.JPG|thumb|The [[Deer Lake, Pennsylvania|Deer Lake]] Dam in June 2012]]
The [[anthracite]] mining industry peaked in production in 1917 and subsequently declined with the exception of periods during [[World War I]] and [[World War II]]. In the 1950s and 1960s, underground mining operations closed in Schuylkill County and throughout the [[Coal Region]] and surface mining became predominate.<ref>Pennsylvania Abstract, 1975 and Annual Coal Report 2016, USEIA (November 2017)</ref>

On November 5, 1934, the eve of the [[1934 United States elections]], a parade marched through [[Kelayres, Pennsylvania|Kelayres]] in [[Kline Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Kline Township]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hoover|first1=Stephanie|title=The Kelayres Massacre: Politics and Murder in Pennsylvania's Anthracite Coal Country|date=2014|publisher=History Press}}</ref> A crowd of [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] supporters walked toward the home of [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] leader Joseph Bruno. Frustration with Bruno family's control of the school board and other local offices had been growing for years. Shots were fired from the Bruno home and yard located at Fourth and Centre Streets. Several people were killed and more than 20 marchers were injured.<ref>King of the Mountain: The Bruno Family Story, Bruce Boyd author, 2016, Ingram Press p. 167</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Production Net (Tons)
! Number of Employees
|-
| 1950
| 44,076,703
| 72,624
|-
| 1955
| 26,204,554
| 33,523
|-
| 1960
| 18,817,441
| 19,051
|-
| 1965
| 14,865,955
| 11,132
|-
| 2016
| 1,500,000
| 952
|}

In 2016, Schuylkill County had six underground mines and 25 surface mines operating, producing 62,000 tons and 833,000 tons of coal, respectively.<ref>''Annual Coal Report 2016'', USEIA, US Energy Information Administration (November 2017)</ref> In 2024, Schuylkill County had four underground mines and 17 surface mines operating, producing 52,000 and 1,624,000 tons of coal, respectively<ref>''Annual Coal Report 2023'', USEIA, US Energy Information Administration (November 2024).</ref> Operators today are re-mining areas of anthracite that were previously mined. It is estimated that 98 percent of the anthracite produced is from existing mines.<ref>Elizabeth Skrapits, Citizens' Voice: "Anthracite mining remains vital in northeast Pa.", ''Pocono Record'', June 12, 2015</ref>

==Business and industry==
===Farming history===
Schuylkill County's history is not solely a story about coal mining and railroads. The first settlers were farmers or lumbermen. In the fertile agricultural valleys (not underlain with coal) between the Blue Mountain range in the south to near the Susquehanna River to the north, generations of farming families have helped feed their neighbors in the mines, on the rails, on the canals, and in the towns within and surrounding the county. After settlement of the farms, came a period of diversified, small scale production that lasted until about the late 19th century. After then, more highly mechanized small farms combined livestock and crop production for new, mainly local and regional markets. Then the system re-oriented to add orchard products, trees and plant products and poultry farming. 

In 2012, the estimated value of agricultural products in Schuylkill County sold was $165,853,000, ranking 9th in the State and 704th in the US (counties).<ref name=":4">USDA, Census of Agriculture Schuylkill County Profile (2012)</ref> The county ranks in the top 100 in the US counties for nursery, greenhouse, floriculture, and sod products and cut Christmas trees and short rotation woody crops.<ref name=":4" />

===Railroad history===
{{unreferenced section|date=July 2013}}
[[File:Map of Eastern Pennsylvania Railways Company c 1907.png|thumb|Map of [[East Penn Railroad]]'s rail lines, {{Circa|1907}}]]
In the early 19th century, southern Schuylkill County was served by the [[Union Canal (Pennsylvania)|Union Canal]] out of [[Pine Grove Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Pine Grove Township]] with connections west, and the [[Schuylkill Canal]] southward from [[Port Carbon, Pennsylvania|Port Carbon]] to [[Philadelphia]].<ref>Munsell, W., History of Schuylkill County, Macnamara, New York (1881), pp. 80-81</ref> Coal mined by the [[Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company]] in the [[Tamaqua, Pennsylvania|Tamaqua]] and [[Coaldale, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Coaldale]] areas was often shipped down the [[Lehigh Canal]] from [[Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania|Jim Thorpe]] in neighboring [[Carbon County, Pennsylvania|Carbon County]]. To the north, mountain and ridges were a natural barrier to navigation. 

Other means were required to transport coal out of the rich basin of the [[Mahanoy Creek|Mahanoy Valley]]. Several railroads were founded in the late 1820s and early 1830s north of the [[Schuylkill Canal]] to enable the transport of coal to the canal terminus in Philadelphia and other markets, including:<ref>Munsell, W., History of Schuylkill County, Macnamara, New York (1881), p. 46</ref>

* [[Little Schuylkill Navigation, Railroad and Coal Company|Little Schuylkill Railroad]], from [[Port Clinton, Pennsylvania|Port Clinton]] to Tamaqua, twenty miles in length.
* Mill Creek Railroad, from Port Carbon up the valley of [[Mill Creek, Pennsylvania|Mill Creek]] four miles, with about three miles of branch roads intersecting it. This was the first road completed and was in operation part of the year 1829.
* Mine Hill and Schuylkill Haven Railroad, commencing at [[Schuylkill Haven, Pennsylvania|Schuylkill Haven]] to [[Minersville, Pennsylvania|Minersville]] having a length, including the west branch, of fifteen miles. There were also about five miles of branches intersecting it.
* Mount Carbon Railroad, commencing at [[Mount Carbon, Pennsylvania|Mount Carbon]] and extending up the east and west branches of the Norwegian Creek; a length of road seven miles.
* Schuylkill Valley Railroad, commencing at [[Port Carbon, Pennsylvania|Port Carbon]] to [[Tuscarora, Pennsylvania|Tuscarora]], a distance of ten miles, with fifteen branches intersecting it, the distances combined amounting to another ten miles.

Mine Hill and Schuylkill Haven Railroad served the Schuylkill Canal. Chartered in 1831, tracks were laid from the flats in Schuylkill Haven along the river through [[Cressona, Pennsylvania|Cressona]] and [[Minersville, Pennsylvania|Minersville]] to [[Tremont, Pennsylvania|Tremont]]. The railroad eventually reached [[Ashland, Pennsylvania|Ashland]] and [[Locust Gap, Pennsylvania|Locust Gap]] via the Gordon Planes.

Construction on the Little Schuylkill Railroad began in 1829. It ran from [[Port Clinton, Pennsylvania|Port Clinton]] northward to Mahanoy Junction above Tamaqua. It would become the keystone of the Philadelphia and Reading system, serving as a gauntlet for its eastern and western branches. Connecting with it were four important lines. The {{convert|146|mi|km}} Catawissa Railroad operated from Mahanoy Junction to West Milton, providing access to the Mahanoy region by joining the northern terminus of the Little Schuylkill with connections to [[New York City]], [[Scranton, Pennsylvania|Scranton]] and also points west.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tamaquastation.com/history.html|title=Tamaqua Railroad Station - History|website=www.tamaquastation.com}}</ref> At Port Clinton, it connected with the [[Reading Company|P&R]]'s main line from [[Mount Carbon, Pennsylvania|Mount Carbon]]. Its most important connection would be with the Mahanoy and Broad Mountain Railway via Mahanoy Tunnel and East Mahanoy Railroad.

There was once over {{convert|1,000|mi|km}} of railroad track in Schuylkill County.{{citation needed|date = July 2013}} At one point in the 19th century, the largest railyard and roundhouse in the world was located at Mill Creek between Pottsville and [[St. Clair, Pennsylvania|St. Clair]].

===Renewable energy===
Since the early 21st century, Schuylkill County has decreased its use of coal power and become a major producer of renewable energy. Twenty-five percent of the county's electrical production currently comes from renewable energy sources.<ref name="eia.gov">[https://www.eia.gov/state/maps.php State Maps], US Energy Information Administration</ref> [[Wind power]] is the largest producer, accounting for 80% of the renewable energy output, while solar and biomass account for 20%.<ref name="eia.gov"/>

The Locust Ridge [[wind turbine]]s in the north of the county produce enough electricity for 37,500 homes, equivalent to the 48 MW of electricity generated by the Wheelabrator Frackville's waste coal plant.<ref name="herald">{{cite web|url=https://www.republicanherald.com/news/wind-farms-in-county-produce-electricity-for-thousands-of-homes/article_bd302948-7cec-5e94-85fe-09cb5e76d8fe.html|title=Wind Farms in County Produce Electricity for Thousands of Homes|last=Usalis| first=John E.|date= April 15, 2020|work=Republican Herald| access-date=August 31, 2021}}</ref><ref name="wtienergy">{{cite web|url=https://www.wtienergy.com/plant-locations/independent-power/wheelabrator-frackville|title=Wheelabrator Frackville|date=2021 |publisher=Wheelabrator Technologies, Inc| access-date=August 31, 2021}}</ref>

===Textile industry history===
Textile manufacturing evolved as a major industry in the county near the beginning of the 20th Century. Phillips & Jones Co., Now known as Phillips Van Heusen, began in [[Pottsville, Pennsylvania|Pottsville]], and was once Schuylkill County's largest employer.<ref>Pottsville Republican, Business successes wax, wane: Van Heusen heyday recalled in Schuylkill by L.L. Ward, (December 3, 1994)</ref>  Another textile giant, John E. Morgan Knitting Mills, began manufacturing in 1945 in [[Tamaqua, Pennsylvania|Tamaqua]], eventually becoming the largest employer in the county in the between 1970 and 1980.<ref>Lehighton Times-News-Record, Death of an industry giant, Donald R. Serfass (April 26, 2013)</ref>  In addition there were numerous smaller shops all over the county, doing subcontract work for major manufacturers all over the nation. 

In the latter half of the 20th century, the textile industry, which employed significant numbers of women, began to rival the coal mining industry in size, especially after the end of [[World War II]], when that industry began to collapse. As a consequence of the Great Depression, garment manufacturers began to look for people willing to work at lower wages outside of [[New York City]], the center of the industry. Pennsylvania became the third-highest ranked apparel manufacturer in the United States by 1940. Women's clothing became the state's fastest growing product.<ref>Smith Jr., J. K., Dublin, T., Hardy III, C., & Pencak W. (2011). A diversity of industries.  [http://explorepahistory.com/story.php?storyId=1-9-1F&chapter=0 See Explore Pennsylvania History]</ref>  

The dominance of the industry in Schuylkill County lasted until the last decade of the 20th century,<ref>McGuigan, M. (Producer), & Migliore, M. (Director). (2008). A Shop on every corner: Memories of the garment industry [Motion picture]. United States: Poetic Stage Productions</ref> when it was clear that the garment manufacturing industry was leaving Schuylkill County and other regions of the U.S. and moving to foreign countries. By 2011, only six manufacturers employing 341 people remained in the county.<ref>U.S. Census Bureau. (2011). County Business Patterns (NAICS): United States Manufacturing 1999, 2005, 2011 [Data files]</ref>

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau]], the county has a total area of {{convert|783|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|779|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|4.2|sqmi}} (0.5%) is water.<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/counties_list_42.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=March 10, 2015|date=August 22, 2012|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files}}</ref>

The [[Schuylkill River]] headwaters are found in the county, starting in the [[Appalachian Mountains]], and flows through many towns and the city of [[Reading, Pennsylvania]], to [[Philadelphia]] where it flows into the [[Delaware River]]. The Schuylkill drains the majority of the county while some western and northern areas of the county are drained by the [[Susquehanna River]]. The [[Swatara Creek]], [[Wiconisco Creek]], [[Mahantango Creek]], [[Mahanoy Creek]], and [[Catawissa Creek]] all start in Schuylkill County and are tributaries of the Susquehanna. Areas of the eastern portion of the county drain into the [[Lehigh River]] via the [[Quakake Creek]], [[Nesquehoning Creek]], Mahoning Creek, and [[Lizard Creek (Pennsylvania)|Lizard Creek]], all of which also start in the county. To the south, southern Schuylkill county is home to [[Blue Mountain (Pennsylvania)|Blue Mountain]] and the [[Appalachian Trail]]. Broad Mountain crosses the county from northeast to southwest.

Schuylkill County is located in northeastern Pennsylvania's [[Coal Region]]. It is located just north of the [[Lehigh Valley]] and [[Reading, Pennsylvania|Reading]] metropolitan areas. Portions of eastern Schuylkill County around [[Tamaqua, Pennsylvania|Tamaqua]] are located in the [[Pocono Mountains]]. As a result, like other portions of the Poconos, eastern Schuylkill has experienced an influx of people from [[New York City]] and [[New Jersey]] who commute into [[Manhattan, New York|Manhattan]] each day. The commute can take up to two hours each way due to distance and traffic. Far western areas of the county are located near [[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania|Harrisburg]] and are sometimes considered to be located in [[South Central Pennsylvania]].

===Climate===
The county has a [[humid continental climate]] (''Dfa/Dfb'') with four distinct seasons. The [[hardiness zone]] is 6b in most of the county, 7a in lowlands of the south-central and SW areas of the county and upriver to Pottsville and Minersville, and 6a in small higher northern areas. [https://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/] Average monthly temperatures in the vicinity of downtown Pottsville range from 27.3&nbsp;°F in January to 72.3&nbsp;°F in July, while in Mahanoy City they range from 24.3&nbsp;°F in January to 69.3&nbsp;°F in July.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://prism.oregonstate.edu/explorer/ | title=PRISM Climate Group at Oregon State University }}</ref>

===Adjacent counties===
* [[Columbia County, Pennsylvania|Columbia County]] (northwest)
* [[Luzerne County, Pennsylvania|Luzerne County]] (north)
* [[Carbon County, Pennsylvania|Carbon County]] (northeast)
* [[Lehigh County, Pennsylvania|Lehigh County]] (southeast)
* [[Berks County, Pennsylvania|Berks County]] (south)
* [[Lebanon County, Pennsylvania|Lebanon County]] (southwest)
* [[Dauphin County, Pennsylvania|Dauphin County]] (southwest)
* [[Northumberland County, Pennsylvania|Northumberland County]] (northwest)

Interstates, US Routes, and State Routes
* {{jct|state=PA|I|81}}
* {{jct|state=PA|US|209}}
* {{jct|state=PA|PA|25}}
* {{jct|state=PA|PA|54}}
* {{jct|state=PA|PA|61}}
* {{jct|state=PA|PA|125}}
* {{jct|state=PA|PA|183}}
* {{jct|state=PA|PA|309}}
* {{jct|state=PA|PA|325}}
* {{jct|state=PA|PA|339}}
* {{jct|state=PA|PA|443}}
* {{jct|state=PA|PA|501}}
* {{jct|state=PA|PA|895}}
* {{jct|state=PA|PA|901}}
* {{jct|state=PA|PA|924}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1820= 11339
|1830= 20744
|1840= 29053
|1850= 60713
|1860= 89510
|1870= 116428
|1880= 129974
|1890= 154163
|1900= 172927
|1910= 207894
|1920= 217754
|1930= 235505
|1940= 228331
|1950= 200577
|1960= 173027
|1970= 160089
|1980= 160630
|1990= 152585
|2000= 150336
|2010= 148289
|2020= 143049
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=March 10, 2015}}</ref><br />1790–1960<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|access-date=March 10, 2015}}</ref> 1900–1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/pa190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|editor-last=Forstall|editor-first=Richard L.|date=March 24, 1995|access-date=March 10, 2015}}</ref><br />1990–2000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-date=October 9, 2022 |url-status=live|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|date=April 2, 2001|access-date=March 10, 2015}}</ref> 2010–2019<ref name="QF">{{cite web |title=State & County QuickFacts |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42/42107.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=November 22, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606195247/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42/42107.html |archive-date=June 6, 2011 }}</ref>
}}

===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Schuylkill County Racial Composition<ref>{{Cite web|title =P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Schuylkill%20County,%20Pennsylvania&t=Race%20and%20Ethnicity&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2}}</ref>
!Race
!Num.
!Perc.
|-
|[[White (U.S. Census)|White]] (NH)
|126,192
|88.2%
|-
|[[African American (U.S. Census)|Black or African American]] (NH)
|4,115
|3%
|-
|[[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]] (NH)
|155
|0.11%
|-
|[[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]] (NH)
|748
|0.52%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]] (NH)
|13
|0.01%
|-
|[[Race (United States Census)|Other/Mixed]] (NH)
|3,762
|2.62%
|-
|[[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]]
|8,064
|5.6%
|}

==Micropolitan statistical area==
{{See also|List of micropolitan statistical areas}}
The [[United States Office of Management and Budget|U.S. Office of Management and Budget]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/|title=Office of Management and Budget|website=The White House}}</ref> has designated Schuylkill County as the '''Pottsville, PA [[micropolitan statistical area]] (μSA)'''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/econ/census/media/forms/pa.html |title=Businesses that Received Forms in 2012: Pennsylvania - U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=December 7, 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924010523/http://www.census.gov/econ/census/media/forms/pa.html |archive-date=September 24, 2015 }}</ref>  As of the [[2010 United States Census|2010 U.S. Census]]<ref name="census.gov">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.html|title=Decennial Census by Decades|website=www.census.gov}}</ref> the micropolitan area ranked the number 1 most populous in the State of Pennsylvania and the [[List of micropolitan statistical areas|5th most populous]] in the United States with a population of 148,289.

==Law and government==
{{Infobox law enforcement agency
| agencyname      = Schuylkill County Sheriff's Department
| nativename      =
| nativenamea     =
| nativenamer     =
| commonname      =
| abbreviation    = SCSD
| fictional       =
| patch           = PA - Schuylkill County Sheriff.jpg
| patchcaption    =
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| country         = United States
| countryabbr     = USA
| national        =
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| international   =
| divtype         = State
| divname         = Pennsylvania
| subdivtype      = County (United States)
| subdivname      = <nowiki>Schuylkill</nowiki>
| map             = Map of Pennsylvania highlighting Schuylkill County.svg
| mapcaption      =
| sizearea        = {{convert|778|sqmi|km2|sigfig=2}}
| sizepopulation  = 150,336(est.)
| legaljuris      =
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| headquarters    = [[Pottsville, Pennsylvania]]
| hqlocmap        =
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| sworntype       = [[Police Officer]]
| sworn           = 12
| unsworntype     =
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| multinational   =
| electeetype     =
| minister1name   = Joseph G. Groody
| minister1pfo    = [[Sheriff]]
| chief1name      = Brian Tobin
| chief1position  = Chief Deputy
| parentagency    =
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| website         = [http://www.co.schuylkill.pa.us/Offices/Sheriff/index.asp Schuylkill Sheriff Webpage]
| footnotes       =
| reference       =
}}

The Schuylkill County Sheriff's Department consists of the Sheriff's Office and operates the Central Booking unit. The Sheriff's Office is composed of a Civil and Criminal Division. The Civil Division processes real estate and property paperwork, as well as issue firearms permits. The Criminal Division is responsible for the security of the courthouses, as well as the transportation of prisoners to and from court hearings and to other correctional facilities. The Sheriff's Department is also responsible for detecting and interdicting weapons before they can enter the courthouse and making criminal arrests of persons when weapons are found. The Sheriff's Department provides all facets of security for the County courthouse and makes arrests inside the courthouse for various offenses including possession of weapons and controlled substances as well as the arrest of disorderly persons and other violations of the Pennsylvania Crimes Code Title 18. All Deputy Sheriffs are sworn law enforcement officers who must attend the state Sheriff Academy in State College to be certified as a Deputy Sheriff. The Sheriff Academy is a paramilitary Sheriff academy that consists of 6 months of intense training in all facets of criminal and civil law of Pennsylvania as well as physical training, self defense training, weapons certification and training, as well as tactical training, training in handcuffing and restraint, courtroom and courthouse security, and conducting security assessments of Courthouse and courtroom facilities. Central Booking processes fingerprints and photographs of arrested individuals. When requested by other police agencies, the Sheriff's Department performs patrol duties in various communities within Schuylkill county and provides support to other Police agencies during major incidents, search warrant executions, arrest warrant operations, special events and in various other capacities.

=== Politics ===
{{PresHead|place=Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|source=<ref>{{cite web|url=https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|website=uselectionatlas.org}}</ref>}}
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2024|Republican|51,665|20,882|814|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|2020|Republican|48,871|20,727|1,157|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|2016|Republican|44,001|16,770|2,614|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|2012|Republican|32,278|24,546|1,224|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|2008|Republican|33,767|28,300|1,538|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|2004|Republican|35,640|29,231|398|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|2000|Republican|29,841|26,215|2,244|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1996|Democratic|22,920|24,860|8,849|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1992|Republican|25,780|23,679|13,570|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1988|Republican|32,666|24,797|379|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1984|Republican|37,330|25,758|224|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1980|Republican|36,273|24,968|3,728|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1976|Democratic|31,944|33,905|1,099|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1972|Republican|44,071|26,077|1,447|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1968|Republican|37,194|34,982|4,469|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1964|Democratic|26,386|50,560|96|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1960|Democratic|44,187|44,430|70|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1956|Republican|51,670|31,645|91|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1952|Republican|51,437|34,987|186|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1948|Republican|44,176|28,194|1,122|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1944|Republican|40,671|35,852|221|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1940|Democratic|43,505|48,739|231|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1936|Democratic|44,353|55,183|1,385|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1932|Democratic|32,492|35,023|1,790|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1928|Republican|46,033|40,424|311|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1924|Republican|34,578|10,111|8,967|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1920|Republican|30,259|18,746|1,882|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1916|Republican|17,806|13,396|1,155|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1912|Progressive|3,557|11,812|16,706|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1908|Republican|18,758|15,481|1,440|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1904|Republican|21,046|10,115|1,167|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1900|Republican|15,327|14,496|392|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1896|Republican|17,045|14,745|617|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1892|Democratic|11,426|13,677|321|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1888|Democratic|12,522|13,054|404|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1884|Republican|11,272|11,200|1,575|Pennsylvania}}
{{PresRow|1880|Democratic|9,337|11,511|2,491|Pennsylvania}}
|}
{{U.S. SenHead|place=Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Seat=1|source=<ref>{{cite news |title=2024 Senate Election (Official Returns) |website=Commonwealth of Pennsylvania by county |date=November 5, 2024 |access-date=December 5, 2024 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-elections/pennsylvania-senate-results}}</ref>}}
<!-- U.S. SenRow should be {{U.S. SenRow|Year|Winning party|GOP vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{U.S. SenRow|2024|Republican|48,553|22,224|2,063|Pennsylvania}}
{{U.S. SenFoot}}
{{As of|November 2008}}, there were 94,110 registered voters in Schuylkill County.<ref name="Voter Registration">{{cite web|url=http://www.dos.state.pa.us/elections/lib/elections/055_voter_registration_statistics/currentstats/currentvotestats.xls |format=XLS |title=November 2008 Voter Registration Statistics |access-date=November 3, 2008 |author=Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Department of State |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081126213316/http://www.dos.state.pa.us/elections/lib/elections/055_voter_registration_statistics/currentstats/currentvotestats.xls |archive-date=November 26, 2008 }}</ref>
* [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]: 45,054 (47.87%)
* [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]: 40,092 (42.60%)
* Other Parties: 8,964 (9.53%)

{{As of|January 2023}}, there were 88,642 registered voters in Schuylkill County.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dos.pa.gov/VotingElections/OtherServicesEvents/VotingElectionStatistics/Documents/currentvotestats.xls |title=Home }}</ref>
* [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]: 49,025 (55.31%)
* [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]: 27,924 (31.50%)
* [[Independent (United States)|Independent]]: 7,508 (8.47%)
* [[Third party (United States)|Third Party]]: 4,185 (4.72%)

While the Republican Party has been historically dominant in Schuylkill County politics, Democrats became dominant at the county level after the 2007 elections. [[John McCain]] received 53.6% of the vote to 44.9% for [[Barack Obama]] in November 2008. In the state row offices of the same election, each statewide winner carried the county. In 2006 Democrat [[Tim Seip]] won the heavily Republican 125th House district and [[Bob Casey Jr.]] carried Schuylkill when he unseated incumbent Republican US Senator [[Rick Santorum]]. For many years, the county was represented in the [[United States House of Representatives]] by [[conservative Democrat]] [[Tim Holden]] of [[St. Clair, Pennsylvania|St. Clair]]. Former State Representative [[Dave Argall]] won the special election of March 3 to succeed the late State Senator [[James J. Rhoades|Jim Rhoades]] and was sworn in on March 17. Jerry Knowles won the special election for Argall's seat in the 124th House district on May 19. In 2010, the GOP regained ground when Seip was defeated for reelection by Republican [[Mike Tobash]]. In 2011, the GOP reclaimed the county government.

This GOP resurgence has been followed by the subsequent election of [[Donald Trump]] in 2016, where he received 69% of the area's popular vote to [[Hillary Clinton]]'s 26.7%. Trump received the highest percentage of the vote of any Republican presidential candidate in the county's history. He subsequently received 70.6% of the vote in his triumph in 2024, making it the best performance for a Republican in the county in presidential history, and the first Republican presidential candidate to crack 70% of the vote in the county.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2016/11/08/499666514/pennsylvania-2016-presidential-and-state-election-results|title=Pennsylvania 2016 Presidential And State Election Results|website=NPR.org|date=November 8, 2016 |language=en|access-date=June 25, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|first=David|last=Leip|website=uselectionatlas.org}}</ref>

===Pennsylvania House of Representatives<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/legis/home/findyourlegislator/county_list.cfm?CNTYLIST=Schuylkill|title=Find Your Legislator|last=Center|first=Legislativate Data Processing|website=The official website for the Pennsylvania General Assembly.|language=en|access-date=April 26, 2017}}</ref>===
* [[Tim Twardzik]], Republican, [[Pennsylvania House of Representatives, District 123|123rd district]]
* [[Jamie Barton (politician)|Jamie Barton]], Republican, [[Pennsylvania House of Representatives, District 124|124th district]]
* [[Joseph Kerwin (politician)|Joseph Kerwin]], Republican, [[Pennsylvania House of Representatives, District 125|125th district]]

===Pennsylvania Senate<ref name=":0" />===
* [[Dave Argall]], Republican, [[Pennsylvania Senate, District 29|29th district]]

===United States House of Representatives===
* [[Dan Meuser]], Republican, [[Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district|9th district]]

===United States Senate===
* [[John Fetterman]], [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]]
* [[Dave McCormick]], [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]

==Education==
[[File:PAHS1.JPG|thumb|[[Pottsville Area High School]] in [[Pottsville, Pennsylvania|Pottsville]]]]
===Colleges and universities===
* [[Alvernia University]] in [[Pottsville, Pennsylvania|Pottsville]]
* [[Lehigh Carbon Community College]] (Morgan Center Campus) in [[Tamaqua, Pennsylvania|Tamaqua]]
* [[Penn State Schuylkill]] in [[Schuylkill Haven, Pennsylvania|Schuylkill Haven]]

===Public school districts===
[[File:Map of Schuylkill County Pennsylvania School Districts.png|thumb|Map of Schuylkill County public school districts]]
School districts include:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st42_pa/schooldistrict_maps/c42107_schuylkill/DC20SD_C42107.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Schuylkill County, PA|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|access-date=2024-12-13}} - [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st42_pa/schooldistrict_maps/c42107_schuylkill/DC20SD_C42107_SD2MS.txt Text list]</ref>
* [[Blue Mountain School District]]
* [[Hazleton Area School District]] (also in Luzerne and Carbon Counties)
* [[Mahanoy Area School District]]
* [[Minersville Area School District]]
* [[North Schuylkill School District]] (also in Columbia County)
* [[Panther Valley School District]] (also in Carbon County)
* [[Pine Grove Area School District]]
* [[Pottsville Area School District]]
* [[Saint Clair Area School District]]
* [[Schuylkill Haven Area School District]]
* [[Shenandoah Valley School District]]
* [[Tamaqua Area School District]]
* [[Tri-Valley School District]]
* [[Williams Valley School District]] (also in Dauphin County)

==Communities==
[[File:Map of Schuylkill County Pennsylvania With Municipal and Township Labels.png|thumb|Map of Schuylkill County with municipal labels showing cities and boroughs (red), townships (white), and census-designated places (blue)]]
[[File:Farming near Klingerstown, Pennsylvania.jpg|thumb|Farming near [[Klingerstown, Pennsylvania|Klingerstown]]]]
[[File:Vraj - Schuylkill Haven, Pennsylvania (6295078630).jpg|thumb|[[Vraj Hindu Temple]] in [[Schuylkill Haven, Pennsylvania|Schuylkill Haven]]]]
Under Pennsylvania law, there are four types of incorporated municipalities: [[List of cities in Pennsylvania|cities]], [[List of towns and boroughs in Pennsylvania|boroughs]], [[List of townships in Pennsylvania|townships]], and, in at most two cases, [[List of towns and boroughs in Pennsylvania#Towns|towns]]. The following cities, boroughs and townships are located in Schuylkill County:

===City===
* [[Pottsville, Pennsylvania|Pottsville]] ([[county seat]])

===Boroughs===
{{div col|colwidth=12em}}
* [[Ashland, Pennsylvania|Ashland]] (partly in [[Columbia County, Pennsylvania|Columbia County]])
* [[Auburn, Pennsylvania|Auburn]]
* [[Coaldale, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Coaldale]]
* [[Cressona, Pennsylvania|Cressona]]
* [[Deer Lake, Pennsylvania|Deer Lake]]
* [[Frackville, Pennsylvania|Frackville]]
* [[Gilberton, Pennsylvania|Gilberton]]
* [[Girardville, Pennsylvania|Girardville]]
* [[Gordon, Pennsylvania|Gordon]]
* [[Landingville, Pennsylvania|Landingville]]
* [[Mahanoy City, Pennsylvania|Mahanoy City]]
* [[McAdoo, Pennsylvania|McAdoo]]
* [[Mechanicsville, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Mechanicsville]]
* [[Middleport, Pennsylvania|Middleport]]
* [[Minersville, Pennsylvania|Minersville]]
* [[Mount Carbon, Pennsylvania|Mount Carbon]]
* [[New Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|New Philadelphia]]
* [[New Ringgold, Pennsylvania|New Ringgold]]
* [[Orwigsburg, Pennsylvania|Orwigsburg]]
* [[Palo Alto, Pennsylvania|Palo Alto]]
* [[Pine Grove, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Pine Grove]]
* [[Port Carbon, Pennsylvania|Port Carbon]]
* [[Port Clinton, Pennsylvania|Port Clinton]]
* [[Ringtown, Pennsylvania|Ringtown]]
* [[Schuylkill Haven, Pennsylvania|Schuylkill Haven]]
* [[Shenandoah, Pennsylvania|Shenandoah]]
* [[St. Clair, Pennsylvania|St. Clair]]
* [[Tamaqua, Pennsylvania|Tamaqua]]
* [[Tower City, Pennsylvania|Tower City]]
* [[Tremont, Pennsylvania|Tremont]]
{{div col end}}

===Townships===
{{div col|colwidth=12em}}
* [[Barry Township, Pennsylvania|Barry]]
* [[Blythe Township, Pennsylvania|Blythe]]
* [[Branch Township, Pennsylvania|Branch]]
* [[Butler Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Butler]]
* [[Cass Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Cass]]
* [[Delano Township, Pennsylvania|Delano]]
* [[East Brunswick Township, Pennsylvania|East Brunswick]]
* [[East Norwegian Township, Pennsylvania|East Norwegian]]
* [[East Union Township, Pennsylvania|East Union]]
* [[Eldred Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Eldred]]
* [[Foster Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Foster]]
* [[Frailey Township, Pennsylvania|Frailey]]
* [[Hegins Township, Pennsylvania|Hegins]]
* [[Hubley Township, Pennsylvania|Hubley]]
* [[Kline Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Kline]]
* [[Mahanoy Township, Pennsylvania|Mahanoy]]
* [[New Castle Township, Pennsylvania|New Castle]]
* [[North Manheim Township, Pennsylvania|North Manheim]]
* [[North Union Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|North Union]]
* [[Norwegian Township, Pennsylvania|Norwegian]]
* [[Pine Grove Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Pine Grove]]
* [[Porter Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Porter]]
* [[Reilly Township, Pennsylvania|Reilly]]
* [[Rush Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Rush]]
* [[Ryan Township, Pennsylvania|Ryan]]
* [[Schuylkill Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Schuylkill]]
* [[South Manheim Township, Pennsylvania|South Manheim]]
* [[Tremont Township, Pennsylvania|Tremont]]
* [[Union Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Union]]
* [[Upper Mahantongo Township, Pennsylvania|Upper Mahantongo]]
* [[Walker Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Walker]]
* [[Washington Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Washington]]
* [[Wayne Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Wayne]]
* [[West Brunswick Township, Pennsylvania|West Brunswick]]
* [[West Mahanoy Township, Pennsylvania|West Mahanoy]]
* [[West Penn Township, Pennsylvania|West Penn]]
{{div col end}}

===Census-designated places===
[[Census-designated place]]s are [[unincorporated area|unincorporated communities]] designated by the [[United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau]] for the purposes of compiling demographic data. They are not actual jurisdictions under Pennsylvania law.

{{div col|colwidth=12em}}
* [[Altamont, Pennsylvania|Altamont]]
* [[Beurys Lake, Pennsylvania|Beurys Lake]]
* [[Branchdale, Pennsylvania|Branchdale]]
* [[Brandonville, Pennsylvania|Brandonville]]
* [[Buck Run, Pennsylvania|Buck Run]]
* [[Cumbola, Pennsylvania|Cumbola]]
* [[Delano, Pennsylvania|Delano]]
* [[Donaldson, Pennsylvania|Donaldson]]
* [[Duncott, Pennsylvania|Duncott]]
* [[Englewood, Pennsylvania|Englewood]]
* [[Forestville, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Forestville]]
* [[Fountain Springs, Pennsylvania|Fountain Springs]]
* [[Friedensburg, Pennsylvania|Friedensburg]]
* [[Grier City, Pennsylvania|Grier City]]
* [[Heckscherville, Pennsylvania|Heckscherville]]
* [[Hegins, Pennsylvania|Hegins]]
* [[Hometown, Pennsylvania|Hometown]]
* [[Kelayres, Pennsylvania|Kelayres]]
* [[Klingerstown, Pennsylvania|Klingerstown]]
* [[Lake Wynonah, Pennsylvania|Lake Wynonah]]
* [[Lavelle, Pennsylvania|Lavelle]]
* [[Locustdale, Pennsylvania|Locustdale]]
* [[Marlin, Pennsylvania|Marlin]]
* [[McKeansburg, Pennsylvania|McKeansburg]]
* [[Morea, Pennsylvania|Morea]]
* [[Muir, Pennsylvania|Muir]]
* [[New Boston, Pennsylvania|New Boston]]
* [[Newtown, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Newtown]]
* [[Nuremberg, Pennsylvania|Nuremberg]]
* [[Oneida, Pennsylvania|Oneida]]
* [[Orwin, Pennsylvania|Orwin]]
* [[Park Crest, Pennsylvania|Park Crest]]
* [[Ravine, Pennsylvania|Ravine]]
* [[Reinerton, Pennsylvania|Reinerton]]
* [[Renningers, Pennsylvania|Renningers]]
* [[Seltzer, Pennsylvania|Seltzer]]
* [[Shenandoah Heights, Pennsylvania|Shenandoah Heights]]
* [[Sheppton, Pennsylvania|Sheppton]]
* [[Summit Station, Pennsylvania|Summit Station]]
* [[Tuscarora, Pennsylvania|Tuscarora]]
* [[Valley View, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Valley View]]
{{div col end}}

===Other unincorporated communities===
{{div col|colwidth=12em}}
* Adamsdale
* Aucheys
* [[Andreas, Pennsylvania|Andreas]]
* [[Barnesville, Pennsylvania|Barnesville]]
* Beuchler
* Blackwood (ghost town)
* [[Boston Run, Pennsylvania|Boston Run]]
* [[Brockton, Pennsylvania|Brockton]]
* Brommerstown
* Brookside
* [[Clamtown, Pennsylvania|Clamtown]]
* [[Connerton, Pennsylvania|Connerton]]
* Cressonville (ghost town)
* [[Drehersville, Pennsylvania|Drehersville]]
* [[Deturksville, Pennsylvania|Deturksville]]
* Exmoor
* [[Fearnot, Pennsylvania|Fearnot]]
* Frisbie
* Fountain
* Ginthers
* [[Glen Carbon, Pennsylvania|Glen Carbon]]
* Good Spring
* Haddock
* Hauto
* Hecla
* Irving
* Joliett
* Kepners
* Leibeyville
* [[Llewellyn, Pennsylvania|Llewellyn]]
* Locust Valley
* Lofty
* Lorberry
* Mabel
* Mahoning Valley
* Mantzville
* Marstown
* [[Mary D, Pennsylvania|Mary D]]
* Molino
* Moyers
* New Mines (located within [[Branchdale, Pennsylvania|Branchdale]])
* [[Newkirk, Pennsylvania|Newkirk]]
* North Pine Grove
* Orwin
* Outwood
* Owl Creek
* [[Pitman, Pennsylvania|Pitman]]
* Pleasant Valley
* [[Quakake, Pennsylvania|Quakake]]
* [[Rauschs, Pennsylvania|Rauschs]]
* [[Reedsville, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Reedsville]]
* [[Reevesdale, Pennsylvania|Reevesdale]]
* Rene Mont
* Roedersville
* [[Rough and Ready, Pennsylvania|Rough and Ready]]
* [[Sacramento, Pennsylvania|Sacramento]]
* Seek
* Sheridan
* [[Snyders, Pennsylvania|Snyders]]
* Silverton (ghost town)
* [[South Tamaqua, Pennsylvania|South Tamaqua]]
* [[Spring Glen, Pennsylvania|Spring Glen]]
* Stanhope
* Steins
* Still Creek
* Stonemont
* [[Suedberg, Pennsylvania|Suedberg]]
* [[Tamanend, Pennsylvania|Tamanend]]
* [[Weishample, Pennsylvania|Weishample]]
* Zenners
* [[Zion Grove, Pennsylvania|Zion Grove]]
{{div col end}}

===Population ranking===
The population ranking of the following table is based on the [[2010 United States census|2010 census]] of Schuylkill County.<ref name="census.gov"/>

'''†''' ''county seat''

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Rank
!City/Town/etc.
!Municipal type
!Population (2010 Census)

|- style="background-color:#FFFACD;"
| 1
|'''†''' '''[[Pottsville, Pennsylvania|Pottsville]]'''
| City
| 14,324
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 2
| '''[[Tamaqua, Pennsylvania|Tamaqua]]'''
| Borough
| 7,107
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 3
| '''[[Schuylkill Haven, Pennsylvania|Schuylkill Haven]]'''
| Borough
| 5,437
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 4
| '''[[Shenandoah, Pennsylvania|Shenandoah]]'''
| Borough
| 5,071
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 5
| '''[[Minersville, Pennsylvania|Minersville]]'''
| Borough
| 4,397
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 6
| '''[[Mahanoy City, Pennsylvania|Mahanoy City]]'''
| Borough
| 4,162
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 7
| '''[[Frackville, Pennsylvania|Frackville]]'''
| Borough
| 3,805
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 8
| '''[[Orwigsburg, Pennsylvania|Orwigsburg]]'''
| Borough
| 3,099
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 9
| '''[[St. Clair, Pennsylvania|St. Clair]]'''
| Borough
| 3,004
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 10
| '''[[Ashland, Pennsylvania|Ashland]]''' (''partially in [[Columbia County, Pennsylvania|Columbia County]]'')
| Borough
| 2,817
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 11
| '''[[Lake Wynonah, Pennsylvania|Lake Wynonah]]'''
| CDP
| 2,640
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 12
| '''[[McAdoo, Pennsylvania|McAdoo]]'''
| Borough
| 2,300
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 13
| '''[[Coaldale, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Coaldale]]'''
| Borough
| 2,281
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 14
| '''[[Pine Grove, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Pine Grove]]'''
| Borough
| 2,186
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 15
| '''[[Port Carbon, Pennsylvania|Port Carbon]]'''
| Borough
| 1,889
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 16
| '''[[Tremont, Pennsylvania|Tremont]]'''
| Borough
| 1,752
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 17
| '''[[Valley View, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Valley View]]'''
| CDP
| 1,683
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 18
| '''[[Cressona, Pennsylvania|Cressona]]'''
| Borough
| 1,651
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 19
| '''[[Girardville, Pennsylvania|Girardville]]'''
| Borough
| 1,519
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 20
| '''[[Hometown, Pennsylvania|Hometown]]'''
| CDP
| 1,349
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 21
| '''[[Tower City, Pennsylvania|Tower City]]'''
| Borough
| 1,346
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 22
| '''[[Shenandoah Heights, Pennsylvania|Shenandoah Heights]]'''
| CDP
| 1,233
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 23
| '''[[New Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|New Philadelphia]]'''
| Borough
| 1,085
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 24
| '''[[Palo Alto, Pennsylvania|Palo Alto]]'''
| Borough
| 1,032
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 25
| '''[[Tuscarora, Pennsylvania|Tuscarora]]'''
| CDP
| 980
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 26
| '''[[Friedensburg, Pennsylvania|Friedensburg]]'''
| CDP
| 858
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 27
| '''[[Ringtown, Pennsylvania|Ringtown]]'''
| Borough
| 818
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 28
| '''[[Hegins, Pennsylvania|Hegins]]'''
| CDP
| 812
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 29
| '''[[Gilberton, Pennsylvania|Gilberton]]'''
| Borough
| 769
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 30
| '''[[Gordon, Pennsylvania|Gordon]]'''
| Borough
| 763
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 31
| '''[[Lavelle, Pennsylvania|Lavelle]]'''
| CDP
| 742
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 32
| '''[[Auburn, Pennsylvania|Auburn]]'''
| Borough
| 741
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 33
| '''[[Deer Lake, Pennsylvania|Deer Lake]]'''
| Borough
| 687
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 34
| '''[[Ravine, Pennsylvania|Ravine]]'''
| CDP
| 662
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 35
| '''[[Marlin, Pennsylvania|Marlin]]'''
| CDP
| 661
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 36
| '''[[Altamont, Pennsylvania|Altamont]]'''
| CDP
| 602
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 37
| '''[[Renningers, Pennsylvania|Renningers]]'''
| CDP
| 574
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 38
| '''[[Park Crest, Pennsylvania|Park Crest]]'''
| CDP
| 542
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 39
| '''[[Kelayres, Pennsylvania|Kelayres]]'''
| CDP
| 533
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 40
| '''[[Englewood, Pennsylvania|Englewood]]'''
| CDP
| 532
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 41
| '''[[Mechanicsville, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Mechanicsville]]'''
| Borough
| 457
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 42
| '''[[Muir, Pennsylvania|Muir]]'''
| CDP
| 451
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 43
| '''[[Cumbola, Pennsylvania|Cumbola]]'''
| CDP
| 443
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 44
| '''[[Forestville, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Forestville]]'''
| CDP
| 435
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 45
| '''[[Nuremberg, Pennsylvania|Nuremberg]]''' (''partially in [[Luzerne County, Pennsylvania|Luzerne County]]'')
| CDP
| 434
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 46
| '''[[Reinerton, Pennsylvania|Reinerton]]'''
| CDP
| 424
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 47
| '''[[Middleport, Pennsylvania|Middleport]]'''
| Borough
| 405
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 48
| '''[[Branchdale, Pennsylvania|Branchdale]]'''
| CDP
| 388
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 49
| '''[[Seltzer, Pennsylvania|Seltzer]]'''
| CDP
| 350
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 50
| '''[[Delano, Pennsylvania|Delano]]'''
| CDP
| 342
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 51
| '''[[Donaldson, Pennsylvania|Donaldson]]'''
| CDP
| 328
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 52
| '''[[Port Clinton, Pennsylvania|Port Clinton]]'''
| Borough
| 326
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 53
| '''[[Orwin, Pennsylvania|Orwin]]'''
| CDP
| 314
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 54
| '''[[Fountain Springs, Pennsylvania|Fountain Springs]]'''
| CDP
| 278
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 55
| '''[[New Ringgold, Pennsylvania|New Ringgold]]'''
| Borough
| 276
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 56
| '''[[Newtown, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania|Newtown]]'''
| CDP
| 243
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 57
| '''[[Grier City, Pennsylvania|Grier City]]'''
| CDP
| 241
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 58
| '''[[Sheppton, Pennsylvania|Sheppton]]'''
| CDP
| 239
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 59
| '''[[Heckscherville, Pennsylvania|Heckscherville]]'''
| CDP
| 220
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 60
| '''[[Oneida, Pennsylvania|Oneida]]'''
| CDP
| 200
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 61
| '''[[Brandonville, Pennsylvania|Brandonville]]'''
| CDP
| 197
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 62
| '''[[Locustdale, Pennsylvania|Locustdale]]''' (''partially in Columbia County'')
| CDP
| 177
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 63
| '''[[Buck Run, Pennsylvania|Buck Run]]'''
| CDP
| 176
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 64
| '''[[Summit Station, Pennsylvania|Summit Station]]'''
| CDP
| 174
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 65
| '''[[McKeansburg, Pennsylvania|McKeansburg]]'''
| CDP
| 163
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 66
| '''[[Landingville, Pennsylvania|Landingville]]'''
| Borough
| 159
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 67
| '''[[Klingerstown, Pennsylvania|Klingerstown]]'''
| CDP
| 127
|- style="background-color:#F0FFF0;"
| 68
| '''[[Beurys Lake, Pennsylvania|Beurys Lake]]'''
| CDP
| 124
|- style="background-color:#FFF5EE;"
| 69
| '''[[Mount Carbon, Pennsylvania|Mount Carbon]]'''
| Borough
| 91
|}

==Notable people==
* [[Muhammad Ali]], former heavyweight boxing champion, had his training camp in [[Deer Lake, Pennsylvania|Deer Lake]]
* [[Charles Justin Bailey]], former commanding general of the [[81st Infantry Division (United States)|81st Division]] in [[World War I]]
* [[Gary Becker]], economist and [[University of Chicago]] professor awarded Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences
* [[Francis Brennan (cardinal)|Francis Brennan]], Catholic Church cardinal
* [[Les Brown (bandleader)|Les Brown]], former leader of Les Brown and the Band of Renown
* [[Walter Ciszek]], former Roman Catholic priest, author, and [[gulag]] survivor
* [[George Dietzler]], [[American Civil War]] general
* [[Jimmy Dorsey]], former jazz musician and band leader
* [[Tommy Dorsey]], former jazz musician and band leader
* [[David Horst]], former [[Major League Soccer]] player
* [[John E. Jones III]], former U.S. federal judge
* [[George Joulwan]], former Supreme Allied Commander, Europe
* [[Danny Litwhiler]], former [[Major League Baseball]] player
* [[Molly Maguires]], a clandestine society of Irish miners who engaged in a violent confrontation with Pennsylvania mining companies in the 19th century
* [[John O'Hara]], short story writer and novelist
* [[Henry Pleasants]], coal mining engineer and [[Union Army]] [[Brigadier general (United States)|brigadier general]] in the [[American Civil War]]
* [[Darryl Ponicsan]], novelist
* [[Conrad Richter]], [[Pulitzer Prize for Fiction|Pulitzer-Prize]] and [[National Book Award for Fiction|National Book Award]]-winning American novelist
* [[Victor Schertzinger]], musician, film director, and composer.
* [[John Walson]], cable television system pioneer

==See also==
* [[Mahantongo]]
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania]]
* [[Reading Company]]
* [[Schuylkill notes]]
* [[Yuengling]]

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
{{Wikivoyage|Coal Region}}
* {{Official website|www.co.schuylkill.pa.us}}
* [http://www.schuylkillchamber.com/ Schuylkill Chamber of Commerce]
* [http://www.schuylkill.org/ Schuylkill County Visitors Bureau]

{{Geographic location
|Centre    = Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania
|North     = [[Luzerne County, Pennsylvania|Luzerne County]]
|Northeast = [[Carbon County, Pennsylvania|Carbon County]]
|East      =
|Southeast = [[Lehigh County, Pennsylvania|Lehigh County]]
|South     = [[Berks County, Pennsylvania|Berks County]]
|Southwest = [[Dauphin County, Pennsylvania|Dauphin County]] and [[Lebanon County, Pennsylvania|Lebanon County]]
|West      =
|Northwest = [[Columbia County, Pennsylvania|Columbia County]] and [[Northumberland County, Pennsylvania|Northumberland County]]
}}
{{Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania}}
{{Pennsylvania}}
{{authority control}}

{{Coord|40.70|-76.21|display=title|type:adm2nd_region:US-PA_source:UScensus1990}}

[[Category:Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania| ]]
[[Category:1811 establishments in Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Anthracite Coal Region of Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Northeastern Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1811]]
[[Category:Ukrainian communities in the United States]]