Editing Scafell Pike

{{Short description|Highest mountain in England}}
{{Not to be confused with|text=its daughter peak, [[Scafell]]}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox mountain
| name = Scafell Pike
| photo =Scafell massif.jpg
| photo_caption = Scafell Pike (centre) from [[Yewbarrow]]
| elevation_m = 978
| elevation_ref = <ref name=Bathurst_2012>{{cite book |last= Bathurst |first= David |year= 2012 |title= Walking the county high points of England |location= Chichester |publisher= Summersdale |isbn= 978-1-84-953239-6 |pages= 272–278}}</ref>
| prominence_m = 912
| prominence_ref = <br />[[List of mountains of the British Isles by relative height|Ranked 13th]] in [[British Isles]]
| parent_peak = [[Snowdon]]
| map = United Kingdom Lake District#United Kingdom Copeland#England
| map_caption = Location in the Lake District##Location in the former Copeland Borough##Location in England
| map_size = 
| label_position = 
| listing = [[Marilyn (geography)|Marilyn]], [[Hewitt (hill)|Hewitt]], [[Hardy (hill)|Hardy]], [[List of Wainwrights|Wainwright]], [[Nuttall (hill)|Nuttall]], [[List of Furth mountains in the British Isles#English Munros|Furth]], [[List of English counties by highest point|County Top]], [[List of countries by highest point|Country high point]]
| location = {{center|Lake District National Park, [[Cumbria]], England}}
| range = [[Cumbrian Mountains]], [[Southern Fells]]
| coordinates = {{coord|54.45424|-3.21160|type:mountain_region:GB|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_ref =
| grid_ref_UK = NY215072
| topo = [[Ordnance Survey|OS]] ''Landrangers'' 89, 90, ''Explorer'' OL6
}}

'''Scafell Pike''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|k|ɔː|f|ɛ|l|_|p|aɪ|k}})<ref>{{cite EPD|18}} In isolation ''Scafell'' is {{IPAc-en|ˌ|s|k|ɔː|ˈ|f|ɛ|l}}.</ref> is a mountain in the [[Lake District]] region of [[Cumbria]], England. It has an elevation of {{convert|978|m|ft|0}} above [[sea level]], making it the highest and the most [[Topographic prominence|prominent]] [[mountain]] in England.<ref name=Bathurst_2012/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.peakbagger.com/list.aspx?lid=5530 |title=Marilyns of England |website=www.peakbagger.com |access-date=23 November 2020}}</ref> The mountain is part of the [[Scafells|Scafell massif]],<ref name="RTL">{{cite book |last1=Gannon |first1=Paul |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cjwfT_nDvLQC |title=Rock Trails Lakeland - A Hillwalker's Guide to the Geology & Scenery |date=April 2009 |publisher=Pesda Press |isbn=9781906095154 |access-date=29 April 2021}}</ref> an extinct [[volcano]],<ref name="geoengwal" /> and is one of the [[Southern Fells]].

== Etymology and name history==
{{See also|Scafell#Name history}}

The name ''Scafell'' is believed by some to derive from the Old Norse ''skalli fjall'', meaning either the fell with the [[shieling]] or the fell with the bald summit, and is first recorded in 1578 in the corrupted form ''Skallfield''.<ref>{{cite web|author=Stuart Rae|url=http://easyweb.easynet.co.uk/stuart.rae/fells.htm|title=Fells}}</ref>

Alternatively, ''Scafell'' means "the mountain of the ''scaw'' (or [[promontory]])". This usage can be compared etymologically with, for example, [[Skaw, Unst]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Blackie |first1=C |title=Geographical Etymology; a Dictionary of Place-names, giving their derivations |date=1887 |publisher=John Murray |location=London |page=78 |edition=third |url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Geographical_etymology_-_a_dictionary_of_place-names_giving_their_derivations_%28IA_cu31924029820556%29.pdf |access-date=31 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Definition of SCAW |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/scaw |website=www.merriam-webster.com |access-date=31 January 2025 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Ferguson |first1=Robert |title=The dialect of Cumberland, with a chapter on its place-names |date=1873 |publisher=Williams and Norgate |location=London |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044010158277&seq=222 |language=en}}</ref>

The name originally referred to [[Scafell]], which neighbours Scafell Pike.<ref name= DW>Dorothy Wordsworth's ascent of Scafell Pike, 1818, http://www.pastpresented.ukart.com/eskdale/wordsworth1.htm</ref> What are now known as Scafell Pike, [[Ill Crag]], and [[Broad Crag]] were collectively called either ''the Pikes'' (peaks) or ''the Pikes of Scawfell'' (see below regarding spelling); from many angles, Scafell seems to be the highest peak, and the others were thus considered subsidiary to it. The name ''Scawfell Pikes'' was adopted "by common consent" according to [[Jonathan Otley]], shortly before the publication of the 4th edition of his guidebook in 1830.<ref name="Otley 4th ed">{{cite book|last1=Otley|first1=Jonathan|title=A concise description of the English lakes, and adjacent mountains: with general directions to tourists; notices of the botany, mineralogy, and geology of the district; observations on meteorolgy; the floating island in Derwent lake; and black-lead mine in Borrowdale.|date=1830|publisher=author|location=Keswick|edition=4th|url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/008646574|page=64|access-date=13 Jun 2017}}</ref> Up to this point, England's highest mountain (its status as such was not known until the early 1800s) did not have a name of its own; it was labelled ''Sca-Fell Higher Top'' by the Ordnance Survey in their initial work in Cumbria in the first decade of the 19th century.<ref name="Mudge">{{cite book|last1=Mudge|first1=Lieutenant-Colonel William|last2=Colby|first2=Captain Thomas|title=An Account of the Trigonometrical Survey Carried on by Order of the Master-General of His Majesty's Ordnance in the Years 1800, 1801, 1802, 1803, 1804, 1805, 1806, 1807, 1808 and 1809|date=1811|publisher=W Faden|location=Charing Cross, London|url=ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/rarebooks_1600-1800/QB296G81799v3.pdf}}</ref> The newly developed name reported by Otley first appeared on a published Ordnance Survey map in 1865.

Formerly the name was spelled ''Scawfell'', which better reflects local pronunciation.<ref name="DW" /><ref name="Martineau">{{cite book |title=A Complete Guide to the English Lakes |last=Martineau |first=Harriet|url=https://archive.org/stream/completeguidetoe1855mart#page/n7/mode/2up |date=1855 |location=Windermere |publisher=John Garnett |via=Archive.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Holland|first1=CF|title=Climbs on the Scawfell Group – A Climbers' Guide.|date=1924|publisher=Fell & Rock Climbing Club|edition=1st}}</ref><ref group=note>These references on spelling of "Scafell"/"Scawfell" are examples of the more common usage during the 19th century and the early part of the 20th century, as can readily be found in the many contemporary guidebooks and local and national newspapers. A useful contrast is the difference in [[M. J. B. Baddeley|Baddely]]'s guide (1st edn. 1888 and many later editions) between the guide text ("Scafell", following the maps used in this common guide-book) and all the adverts therein of hotels, tours and views, which were placed by local businesses ("Scawfell").</ref> This spelling has declined due to the Ordnance Survey's use of ''Scafell'' on their 1865 map and thereafter.

==Topography==
Scafell Pike is one of a horseshoe of high [[fell]]s, open to the south, surrounding the head of [[Eskdale, Cumbria]]. It stands on the western side of the [[cirque]], with [[Scafell]] to the south and [[Great End]] to the north. This ridge forms the watershed between Eskdale and [[Wasdale]], which lies to the west.<ref name="wainwright" />

The narrowest definition of Scafell Pike begins at the col of [[Mickledore]] {{convert|831.6|m|ft|abbr=on}} in the south, takes in the wide, stony summit area and ends at the next depression, Broad Crag  [[Mountain pass|Col]], c. {{convert|877.6|m|ft|abbr=on}}. A more inclusive view takes in two further tops: [[Broad Crag]], {{convert|935.3|m|ft|abbr=on}} and [[Ill Crag]], {{convert|930.9|m|ft|abbr=on}}, the two being separated by Ill Crag Col, {{convert|882.3|m|ft|abbr=on}}. This is the position taken by most guidebooks.<ref name="richards">Richards, Mark: ''Mid-Western Fells'': Collins (2004): {{ISBN|0-00-711368-4}}</ref><ref name="wainwright">{{cite book | last = Wainwright | first = A. | author-link = Alfred Wainwright | year = 2003 | orig-year = Originally published 1960 | title = The Southern Fells | publisher = Francis Lincoln | location = London | isbn = 0-7112-2230-4}}</ref> North of Ill Crag is the more definite depression of Calf Cove at {{convert|853.4|m|ft|abbr=on}}, before the ridge climbs again to Great End, {{convert|909.5|m|ft|abbr=on}}.

Scafell Pike also has outliers on either side of the ridge. [[Lingmell]] {{convert|807|m|ft|abbr=on}}, to the north west, is invariably regarded as a separate fell,<ref name="richards"/><ref name="wainwright"/> while Pen, {{convert|760|m|ft}}, a shapely summit above the Esk, is normally taken as a satellite of the Pike. Middleboot Knotts is a further top lying on the Wasdale slopes of Broad Crag, which is listed as a [[nuttall (hill)|Nuttall]].

The rough summit plateau is fringed by crags on all sides with Pikes Crag and Dropping Crag above Wasdale and Rough Crag to the east. Below Rough Crag and Pen is a further tier, named Dow Crag and Central Pillar on [[Ordnance Survey]] maps, although known as Esk Buttress among climbers.<ref name="bmc">''British Mountain Maps: Lake District'': Harvey (2006): {{ISBN|1-85137-467-1}}</ref>

Broad Crag Col is the source of Little Narrowcove Beck in the east and of Piers Gill in the west. The latter works its way around Lingmell to [[Wast Water]] through a spectacular ravine, one of the most impressive in the Lake District. It is dangerous in rain and treacherous in winter, as when it freezes over it creates an icy patch, with lethal exposure should you slip. Several accidents and some deaths have occurred in Piers Gill.<ref>{{cite web |title=Piers Gill – Scafell Pike – Wasdale Mountain Rescue |url=https://www.wmrt.org.uk/advice/accident-black-spots/piers-gill-scafell-pike/ |website=www.wmrt.org.uk}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Piers Gill – Wasdale Mountain Rescue |url=https://www.wmrt.org.uk/incidents/locations/piers-gill/ |website=www.wmrt.org.uk}}</ref>

Broad Crag is a small top with its principal face on the west and the smaller Green Crag looking down on Little Narrowcove. From Broad Crag, the ridge turns briefly east across Ill Crag Col and onto the shapely pyramidal summit of Ill Crag. Ill Crag and its associated crags overlook Eskdale.<ref name="wainwright" />

Scafell Pike has a claim to the highest standing water body in England in Broad Crag Tarn, which (confusingly) is on Scafell Pike proper, rather than on Broad Crag. It lies at about {{convert|820|m|ft|abbr=on}}, a quarter of a mile (400&nbsp;m) south of the summit.  [[Foxes Tarn]] on Scafell is of comparable height.<ref name="blair">Blair, Don: ''Exploring Lakeland Tarns'': Lakeland Manor Press (2003): {{ISBN|0-9543904-1-5}}</ref>

===Mountain classification===
Scafell Pike is a [[List of Marilyns in the British Isles|Marilyn summit]] which automatically makes it a [[HuMP]] and a [[TuMP]]. Scafell Pike is topologically unusual because the Marilyn qualification contour ("Maquaco") line, 150 metres below the summit, passes around Scafell, which is itself a HuMP.{{citation needed|date=May 2021}} This contour also encloses three other TuMP summits: Broad Crag, Ill Crag and Great End.

==Summit==
[[Image:Scafell Pike from Broad Crag.jpg|thumb|right|The summit of Scafell Pike, seen from neighbouring [[Broad Crag]]]]
The summit was donated to the [[National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty|National Trust]] in 1919 by [[Charles Wyndham, 3rd Baron Leconfield|Lord Leconfield]] "in perpetual memory of the men of the [[Lake District]] who fell for God and King, for freedom peace and right in the [[Great War]] 1914–1918".<ref>[http://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/WMM0G_Scafell_Pike_Summit_Cumbria Scafell Pike Summit, Cumbria – World War I Memorials and Monuments on]. Waymarking.com. Retrieved on 2014-04--04-12.</ref> There is a better-known war memorial on [[Great Gable]], commemorating the members of the [[Fell & Rock Climbing Club]].<ref>Westaway, Jonathan. (1970-01-01) [https://www.academia.edu/2628245/Mountains_of_Memory_Landscapes_of_Loss_Scafell_Pike_and_Great_Gable_as_War_Memorials_1919-1924 Mountains of Memory, Landscapes of Loss: Scafell Pike and Great Gable as War Memorials, 1919–1924 | Jonathan Westaway]. Academia.edu. Retrieved on 2014-04-12.</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Mammoth mission to repair remarkable World War One memorial on Scafell Pike |work=Whitehaven News |date=15 May 2018}}</ref>

The actual height of Scafell Pike is a matter of definition or guesswork. The highest point is buried beneath a massive summit [[cairn]] over 3 metres high and it is not known how high the fabric of the mountain rises under the cairn. Traditionally the height was given as a very memorable {{convert|3210|feet|metre|1}}.<ref name="wainwright" /> The rounded metric height of 978 metres converts to 3209 feet ±{{convert|0.5|m|ftin|disp=out}}.

Scafell Pike is one of three British peaks climbed as part of the [[National Three Peaks Challenge]], and is the highest ground for over {{convert|90|mi|km|0}}.
{{GB summits start}}
{{GB summits entry
|Name=[[Ill Crag]]
|Gridref=NY223073
|Height={{convert|3054|ft|m|1|order=flip|abbr=on}}
|Status=Hewitt, Nuttall}}
{{GB summits entry
|Name=[[Broad Crag]]
|Gridref=NY218075
|Height={{convert|3069|ft|m|1|order=flip|abbr=on}}
|Status=Hewitt, Nuttall}}
{{GB summits entry
|Name=Middleboot Knotts
|Gridref=NY213080
|Height={{convert|2306|ft|m|1|order=flip|abbr=on}}
|Status=Nuttall}}
{{GB summits end}}

== Geology ==
=== Ordovician and volcanic activity ===
Scafell Pike consists of [[igneous]] rock, including [[breccia]], [[andesite]] and [[rhyolite]], as well as geothermal [[tufa]],<ref name="as">{{cite web |title=About Scafell |url=https://www.climb-scafell.co.uk/about-scafell.html |website=ClimbScafell |access-date=28 April 2021}}</ref> dating from the [[Ordovician]]; it is [[geology|geologically]] part of the [[Borrowdale Volcanics]] and along with the other peaks of the [[Scafells]], forms part of an extinct volcano which was active around 400–450 million years ago.<ref name="geoengwal">[https://books.google.com/books?id=-6gqvAbdS-MC&pg=PA118 Geology of England and Wales, pp118ff]</ref>

=== Pleistocene glacial activity ===
The rugged summit of Scafell Pike was shaped by glacial erosion of the [[Last Glacial Maximum]] (c.&nbsp;20&nbsp;kya), during which the Lake District was overlain by ice sheets with thicknesses of several kilometers.<ref name="Sccon">{{cite book |last1=Scoon |first1=Roger N. |title=Geotraveller – Geology of Famous Geosites and Areas of Historical Interest |date=8 April 2021 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3030546939 }}</ref>

=== Contemporary weathering ===
The summit [[plateau]] of Scafell Pike, and that of other neighbouring peaks, is covered with shattered rock debris which provides the highest-altitude example of a summit boulder field in England.<ref name="SSSI"/> The boulder field is thought to have been caused in part by weathering, such as [[Frost wedging|frost action]]. Additional factors are also considered to be important; however, opinion varies as to what these may be. [[James Clifton Ward]] suggested that weathering with earthquakes as a secondary agent could be responsible, while [[John Edward Marr]] and [[Reginald Aldworth Daly]] believed that earthquakes were unnecessary and suggested that frost action with other unspecified agents was more likely.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Hay |first=T. |year=1942 |title=Physiographical Notes from Lakeland |journal=The Geographical Journal |volume=100 |issue=4 |pages=165–173 |doi=10.2307/1788974 |jstor=1788974}}</ref> To the north of the summit are a number of high altitude [[stream|gills]] which flow into Lingmell Beck. These are good examples in Cumbria for this type of gill and are also biologically important due to their [[species richness]].<ref name="SSSI">{{cite web |url=http://www.english-nature.org.uk/citation/citation_photo/1001922.pdf |title=Scafell Pikes SSSI citation sheet  |access-date=2006-11-10 |work=English Nature}}</ref>

== Tourism ==

Scafell Pike is a popular destination for walkers. There is open access to Scafell and the surrounding fells, with many walking and rock climbing routes. Paths connect the summit with Lingmell Col to the northwest, Mickledore to the southwest, and Esk Hause to the northeast, and these in turn connect with numerous other paths, giving access to walkers from many directions including [[Wasdale Head]] to the west, [[Seathwaite, Allerdale|Seathwaite]] to the north, [[Langdale]] to the east, and [[Eskdale, Cumbria|Eskdale]] to the southwest. The shortest route is from Wasdale Head, about 80 metres above sea level, where there is a climbers' hotel, the Wasdale Head Inn, made popular in the Victorian period by [[Owen Glynne Jones]] and others. According to the [[National Trust]], as of 2014 there were over 100,000 people per year climbing Scafell Pike from Wasdale Head,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thebmc.co.uk/media/files/access/Three%20peaks%20presentation%20Oct%202014%20GS%20FINAL%20071014.pdf |access-date=16 October 2021 |title=Three Peaks Partnership (formerly the Inter Mountain Working Group)  |website=www.thebmc.co.uk }}</ref> many as part of the [[National Three Peaks Challenge]].

==Survey point==
Scafell Pike was used in 1826 as a station in the [[Principal Triangulation of Britain]] by the [[Ordnance Survey]] when they fixed the relative positions of Britain and Ireland. Angles between [[Slieve Donard]] in [[Northern Ireland]] and Scafell Pike were taken from [[Snowdon]] in [[Wales]] as were angles between Snowdon and Scafell Pike from Slieve Donard. Given the need for clear weather to achieve these very long-range observations ({{convert|111|mile|km}} to Slieve Donard), the Ordnance surveyors spent much of the summer camped on the respective mountain tops. Scafell Pike was not used as a station in the earlier part of the Principal Triangulation of Britain, even though ''Sca-Fell'' formed one corner of a Principal Triangle.<ref group=note>Absence of angles taken from one corner of some triangles was attributed to difficulties of access in the preface of the 1811 report by the Ordnance Survey.</ref> The Ordnance Survey's high precision [[theodolite]] was not taken to the summit until 1841.<ref name=Mudge/><ref name="Seymour">{{cite book|editor1-last=Seymour|editor1-first=W. A.|editor1-link=W. A. Seymour|title=A History of the Ordnance Survey|date=1980|publisher=Wm Dawson & Sons, Ltd|location=Folkestone, Kent|isbn=0-7129-0979-6|url=https://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/docs/ebooks/history-ordnance-survey.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|work=Carlisle Journal | title = Ordnance Trigonometrical survey  |url=http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/BL/0000363/18411009/009/0002?browse=False|access-date=12 Jun 2017|date=9 Oct 1841|at= page 2, Col 8}}</ref>

==Views from the summit==
===Summer===
{{wide image|Annotated Scafel Pike Panorama.jpg|3000px|A panorama from the summit of Scafell Pike, August 2007}} (Scroll left or right)

===Winter===
{{wide image|Scafell pike summit panorama.jpg|2000px|Panorama of the arc from Helvellyn to Scafell in the snow of 2010. The south summit of Scafell Pike is in the foreground.}}

===List of summits visible===
As the highest ground in England, Scafell Pike has a very extensive view, ranging from the [[Mourne Mountains]] in [[Northern Ireland]] to [[Snowdonia]] in [[Wales]]. On a clear day, the following prominent mountain tops ([[Marilyn (geography)|Marilyn]]s) can be seen the summit.<ref>Computer generated virtual panoramas [http://www.viewfinderpanoramas.org/panoramas/CUM/Scafellpike-north.gif North] [http://www.viewfinderpanoramas.org/panoramas/CUM/Scafellpike-south.gif South] [http://www.viewfinderpanoramas.org/panoramas.html Index]</ref>

* [[Dun Rig]], {{convert|77|mi|km}}, 2 degrees
* [[Binsey]], {{convert|18|mi|km}}, 2 degrees
* [[Turner Cleuch Law]], {{convert|71|mi|km}}, 4 degrees
* [[Dale Head]], {{convert|5|mi|km}}, 5 degrees
* [[Wisp Hill]], {{convert|58|mi|km}}, 11 degrees
* [[Skiddaw]], {{convert|14|mi|km}}, 12 degrees
* [[Roan Fell]], {{convert|55|mi|km}}, 15 degrees
* [[Knott, Caldbeck|Knott]], {{convert|17|mi|km}}, 17 degrees
* [[Peel Fell]], {{convert|63|mi|km}}, 24 degrees
* [[Blencathra]], {{convert|14|mi|km}}, 28 degrees
* [[The Cheviot]], {{convert|83|mi|km}}, 31 degrees
* [[Cold Fell (Pennines)|Cold Fell]], {{convert|39|mi|km}}, 39 degrees
* [[Howgill Fells]], {{convert|29|mi|km}}, 103 degrees
* [[Bow Fell]], {{convert|2|mi|km|0}}, 105 degrees
* [[Yorkshire Three Peaks]], {{convert|36|,|44|and|38|mi|km}}, 119 degrees
* [[Boulsworth Hill]], {{convert|63|mi|km}}, 135 degrees
* [[Pendle Hill]], {{convert|55|mi|km}}, 138 degrees
* [[Ward's Stone]], {{convert|38|mi|km}}, 142 degrees
* [[The Old Man of Coniston]], {{convert|7|mi|km}}, 149 degrees
* [[Winter Hill, Lancashire|Winter Hill]], {{convert|64|mi|km}}, 154 degrees
* [[Snaefell]], {{convert|52|mi|km}}, 257 degrees
* [[Slieve Donard]], {{convert|111|mi|km}}, 262 degrees
* [[Slieve Croob]], {{convert|112|mi|km}}, 268 degrees
* [[Beneraird]], {{convert|80|mi|km}}, 303 degrees
* [[Merrick, Galloway|Merrick]], {{convert|69|mi|km}}, 315 degrees
* [[Pillar (Lake District)|Pillar]], {{convert|4|mi|km|0}}, 318 degrees
* [[Cairnsmore of Carsphairn]], {{convert|68|mi|km}}, 326 degrees
* [[High Stile]], {{convert|6|mi|km|0}}, 328 degrees
* [[Criffel]], {{convert|37|mi|km}}, 334 degrees
* [[Grasmoor]], {{convert|8|mi|km}}, 342 degrees
* [[Great Gable]], {{convert|2|mi|km}}, 351 degrees

==See also==
{{Portal|Cumbria}}
* [[Ben Nevis]]
* [[Geology of the United Kingdom]]
* [[Langdale axe industry]]
* [[List of mountains and hills of the United Kingdom]]
* [[List of fells in the Lake District]]
* [[Snowdon]]

== Notes ==
{{Reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* Computer generated virtual panoramas [http://www.viewfinderpanoramas.org/panoramas/CUM/Scafellpike-north.gif North] [http://www.viewfinderpanoramas.org/panoramas/CUM/Scafellpike-south.gif South] [http://www.viewfinderpanoramas.org/panoramas.html Index]
* Scafell Pike is at coordinates {{Coord|54.454435|-3.210168|type:mountain_region:GB|display=inline}}
* Scafell Pike Sunny Photos from the West at Wasdale Head and North from Borrowdale by Keswick [http://www.relevantsearch.co.uk/scafell-pike-hike-wasdale.html]
*[http://www.walkupscafellpike.co.uk/ Descriptions of the Walking Routes up Scafell Pike]

{{Southern Fells}}
{{Highest mountains of the United Kingdom}}
{{British hills}}
{{Marilyns N Eng}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Marilyns of England]]
[[Category:Hewitts of England]]
[[Category:Fells of the Lake District]]
[[Category:Nuttalls]]
[[Category:Climbing areas of England]]
[[Category:Highest points of English counties]]
[[Category:Mountains under 1000 metres]]
[[Category:Furths]]
[[Category:Cumberland (unitary authority)]]