Editing Satsuma Province

{{short description|Former province of Japan}}
{{Infobox former subdivision
|_noautocat             = 
|native_name            = {{lang|ja|薩摩国}}
|conventional_long_name = Satsuma Province
|common_name            = Satsuma Province
|subdivision            = [[Provinces of Japan|Province]]
|nation                 = Japan
|status_text            = 
|government_type        = 
|p1                     = Kuni no miyatsuko{{!}}Satsuma kuni no miyatsuko
|flag_p1                = 
|s1                     = Kagoshima Prefecture
|flag_s1                = 
|title_leader           = 
|leader1                = 
|year_leader1           = 
|leader2                =  
|year_leader2           = 
<!-- General information -->
|capital                = [[Satsuma District, Kagoshima|Satsuma District]]
|coordinates            = 
|political_subdiv       = <!-- Accepts wikilinks -->
|today                  = [[Kagoshima Prefecture]]
<!-- Rise and fall, events, years and dates -->
<!-- Only fill in the start/end event entry if a specific article exists. Don't just say "abolition" or "declaration". -->
|year_start             = 702
|year_end               = 1871
|event_start            =
|date_start             = 
|event_end              = 
|date_end               = <!-- Optional: Date of disestablishment -->
|event1                 =
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|life_span              = 
|era                    = 
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|date_pre               = 
|event_post             = <!-- Optional: A crucial event that took place before after "event_end" -->
|date_post              = 
<!-- Images -->
|image_map              = Provinces of Japan-Satsuma.svg{{!}}300px
|image_map_caption      = Map of Japanese provinces (1868) with Satsuma Province highlighted
<!-- Area and population of a given year (up to 5) -->
|stat_year1             = <!-- year of the statistic, specify either area, population or both, numbered 1–5 -->
|stat_area1             = <!-- area in square kilometres (w/o commas or spaces), area in square miles is calculated -->
|stat_pop1              = <!-- population (w/o commas or spaces), population density is calculated if area is also given -->
|footnotes              = <!-- Accepts wikilinks -->
}}
{{Nihongo|'''Satsuma Province'''|薩摩国|Satsuma no Kuni|{{IPA|ja|saꜜ.tsɯ.ma (no kɯ.ɲi), sa.tsɯ.maꜜ (no kɯ.ɲi)}}<ref>{{cite book|script-title=ja:NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典|publisher=NHK Publishing|editor=NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute|date=24 May 2016|lang=ja}}</ref>}} was an [[old provinces of Japan|old province]] of [[Japan]] that is now the western half of [[Kagoshima Prefecture]] on the island of [[Kyūshū]].<ref>[[Louis-Frédéric|Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric]]. (2005). "Satsuma" in {{Google books|p2QnPijAEmEC|''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 829|page=829}}.</ref> Its abbreviation was {{nihongo|'''Sasshū'''|薩州}}.

==History==
[[File:Tea Storage Jar with Paulownia and Thunder Pattern LACMA M.2007.130a-b.jpg|thumb|Satsuma earthenware tea storage jar (''chatsubo'') with paulownia and thunder pattern, late Edo period, circa 1800-1850]]
Satsuma's provincial capital was [[Satsumasendai, Kagoshima|Satsumasendai]]. During the [[Sengoku period]], Satsuma was a [[fief]] of the [[Shimazu family|Shimazu]] ''[[daimyō]]'', who ruled much of southern Kyūshū from their [[Kagoshima Castle|castle]] at [[Kagoshima, Kagoshima|Kagoshima]] city. They were the initial patrons of [[Satsuma ware]], which was later widely exported to the West.

In 1871, with the [[Abolition of the han system|abolition of feudal domains]] and the establishment of [[prefectures]] after the [[Meiji Restoration]], the provinces of Satsuma and [[Ōsumi Province|Ōsumi]] were combined to eventually establish Kagoshima Prefecture.

Satsuma was one of the main provinces that rose in opposition to the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] in the mid 19th century. Because of this, the [[Meiji oligarchy|oligarchy]] that came into power after the [[Meiji Restoration]] of 1868 had a strong representation from the Satsuma province, with leaders such as [[Ōkubo Toshimichi]] and [[Saigō Takamori]] taking up key government positions.

Satsuma is well known for its production of [[sweet potato]]es, known in Japan as 薩摩芋 (Satsuma-Imo or "Satsuma potato"). Satsuma mandarins (known as [[Citrus unshiu|''mikan'']] in Japan) do not specifically originate from Satsuma but were imported into the West through this province in the Meiji era.

==Historical districts==
* [[Kagoshima Prefecture]]
** [[Ata District, Kagoshima|Ata District]] (阿多郡) - merged into Hioki District on March 29, 1896
** [[Ei District, Kagoshima|Ei District]] (頴娃郡) - merged into Ibusuki District (along with parts of Kiire District) on March 29, 1896
** [[Hioki District, Kagoshima|Hioki District]] (日置郡) - absorbed Ata District on March 29, 1896; now dissolved
** [[Ibusuki District, Kagoshima|Ibusuki District]] (揖宿郡) - absorbed Ei and parts of Kiire Districts on March 29, 1896; now dissolved
** [[Isa District, Satsuma|Isa District]] (囎唹郡)
*** [[Kitaisa District, Kagoshima|Kitaisa District]] (北伊佐郡) - merged with [[Hishikari District, Kagoshima|Hishikari District]] (菱刈郡) of [[Ōsumi Province]] to become the 2nd incarnation of [[Isa District, Kagoshima|Isa District]] (伊佐郡) on March 29, 1896
*** [[Minamiisa District, Kagoshima|Minamiisa District]] (東囎唹郡) - merged into Satsuma District (along with Koshikijima and Taki Districts) on March 29, 1896
** [[Izaku District, Kagoshima|Izaku District]] (伊作郡) - merged into Ata District prior the [[Meiji period]]
** [[Izumi District, Kagoshima|Izumi District]] (出水郡)
** [[Kagoshima District, Kagoshima|Kagoshima District]] (鹿児島郡) - absorbed [[Kitaōsumi District, Kagoshima|Kitaōsumi District]] (北大隅郡) of Ōsumi Province and Taniyama District of Satsuma Province on March 29, 1896
** [[Kawanabe District, Kagoshima|Kawanabe District]] (川辺郡) - absorbed remaining parts of Kiire District (the village of Chiran) on March 29, 1896; now dissolved
** [[Koshikijima District, Kagoshima|Koshikijima District]] (甑島郡) - merged into Satsuma District (along with Minamiisa and Taki Districts) on March 29, 1896
** [[Kiire District, Kagoshima|Kiire District]] (給黎郡) - split and merged into Kawanabe and Ibusuki Districts on March 29, 1896
** [[Satsuma District, Kagoshima|Satsuma District]] (薩摩郡) - absorbed Koshikijima, Minamiisa and Taki Districts on March 29, 1896
** [[Taki District, Kagoshima|Taki District]] (高城郡) - merged into Satsuma District (along with Koshikijima and Minamiisa Districts) on March 29, 1896
** [[Taniyama District, Kagoshima|Taniyama District]] (谿山郡) - merged into Kagoshima District (along with Kitaōsumi District of Ōsumi Province) on March 29, 1896

==See also==
* [[History of Kagoshima Prefecture]]
* [[Japanese battleship Satsuma|Japanese battleship ''Satsuma'']]
* [[Satsuma Domain]]
* [[Shimazu clan]]

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
* [[Louis-Frédéric|Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric]] and Käthe Roth. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC  ''Japan encyclopedia.''] Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-674-01753-5}}; {{OCLC|58053128}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Satsuma Province}}
* [http://www.maproom.org/00/05/sub1/1.html  Murdoch's map of provinces, 1903]

{{Japan Old Province}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Satsuma Province| ]]
[[Category:Former provinces of Japan]]