Editing Santalaceae

{{Short description|Family of flowering plants}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Starr_021209-0016_Santalum_ellipticum.jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Santalum ellipticum]]''
|taxon = Santalaceae
|authority = [[Robert Brown (Scottish botanist from Montrose)|R.Br.]]
|synonyms = Viscaceae {{small|Batsch (1802)}}
|synonyms_ref = <ref name = powo>[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30016540-2 Santalaceae R.Br.] ''[[Plants of the World Online]]''. Retrieved 23 April 2025.</ref>
}}

The '''Santalaceae''', sandalwoods, are a widely distributed family of [[flowering plant]]s (including small trees, shrubs, [[perennial plants|perennial]] herbs, and [[epiphyte|epiphytic]] climbers<ref name=Santa>Hewson & George [et al.], [http://www.lrm.nt.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0012/122133/SANTALACEAE.pdf ''Santalaceae'' taxonomy] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324153905/http://www.lrm.nt.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0012/122133/SANTALACEAE.pdf |date=2015-03-24 }}, 1984, pp. 191-194.</ref>) which, like other members of [[Santalales]], are partially parasitic on other plants. Its flowers are bisexual or, by abortion ("flower drop"), unisexual.<ref name=Pilger>Pilger, R. [http://www.parasiticplants.siu.edu/Santalaceae/Pilger1935En2.pdf ''Santalaceae''] (with 17 figures). R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. (1810) 350, pp. 1-45.</ref> Modern treatments of the Santalaceae include the family [[Viscaceae]] ([[mistletoe]]s), previously considered distinct.

The [[APG II system]] of 2003 <!-- (unchanged from the [[APG system]], of 1998) --> recognises the family and assigns it to the order [[Santalales]] in the clade [[core eudicots]]. However, the circumscription by APG is much wider than accepted by previous classifications, including the plants earlier treated in families [[Eremolepidaceae]] and [[Viscaceae]]. It includes about 1,000 species in 43 genera.<ref name="Christenhusz-Byng2016">{{cite journal | author = Christenhusz, M. J. M. | author2 = Byng, J. W. | name-list-style = amp | year = 2016 | title = The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase | journal = Phytotaxa | volume = 261 | pages = 201–217 | url = http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/download/phytotaxa.261.3.1/20598 | doi = 10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1 | issue = 3 | publisher = Magnolia Press | doi-access = free }}</ref> Many have reported traditional and cultural uses, including as medicine.<ref name="oneill_rana_2016">{{cite journal |last1=O'Neill |first1=A. R.| last2=Rana | first2= S. K. | date=2019 |title=An ethnobotanical analysis of parasitic plants (Parijibi) in the Nepal Himalaya |journal=Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine |volume=12 |issue=14 |page=14|doi=10.1186/s13002-016-0086-y |pmid=26912113|pmc=4765049|doi-access=free }}</ref>

== Genera ==
40 genera are accepted.<ref name = powo/>
{{div col|colwidth=25em}}
*''[[Acanthosyris]]'' {{small|(Eichler) Griseb.}}
*''[[Amphorogyne]]'' {{small|Stauffer & Hürl.}}
*''[[Antidaphne]]'' {{small|Poepp. & Endl.}} (previously Eremolepidaceae)
*''[[Arceuthobium]]'' {{small|M.Bieb.}} (previously Viscaceae)
*''[[Buckleya]]'' {{small|Torr.}}
*''[[Cervantesia]]'' <small>Ruiz & Pav.</small>
*''[[Choretrum]]'' <small>[[Robert Brown (Scottish botanist from Montrose)|R.Br.]]</small>
*''[[Comandra]]'' <small>[[Thomas Nuttall|Nutt.]]</small> 
*''[[Daenikera]]'' {{small|Hürl. & Stauffer}}
*''[[Dendromyza]]'' {{small|Danser}}<ref name=Santa/>
*''[[Dendrophthora]]'' {{small|Eichler}} (previously Viscaceae)
*''[[Dendrotrophe]]'' {{small|Miq.}}
*''[[Dufrenoya]]'' {{small|Chatin}}
*''[[Eubrachion]]'' {{small|Hook.f.}} (previously Eremolepidaceae)
*''[[Exocarpos]]'' <small>Labill.</small><ref name=Santa/> (synonym ''[[Omphacomeria]]'' {{small|A.DC.}})
*''[[Geocaulon]]'' {{small|Fernald}}
*''[[Ginalloa]]'' {{small|Korth.}} (previously Viscaceae)
*''[[Jodina]]'' {{small|Hook. & Arn. ex Meisn.}}
*''[[Korthalsella]]'' <small>[[Philippe Édouard Léon Van Tieghem|Tiegh.]]</small>
*''[[Lacomucinaea]]'' {{small|Nickrent & M.A.García}}
*''[[Lepidoceras]]'' {{small|Hook.f.}} (previously Eremolepidaceae)
*''[[Leptomeria]]'' {{small|R.Br.}}
*''[[Mida (plant)|Mida]]'' {{small|R.Cunn. ex A.Cunn.}}
*''[[Myoschilos]]'' {{small|Ruiz & Pav.}}
*''[[Nanodea]]'' {{small|Banks ex C.F.Gaertn.}}
*''[[Nestronia]]'' {{small|Raf.}}
*''[[Notothixos]]'' {{small|Oliv.}} (previously Viscaceae)
*''[[Okoubaka]]'' <small>[[François Pellegrin|Pellegr.]] & Normand</small>
*''[[Osyridicarpos]]'' {{small|A.DC.}}
*''[[Osyris]]'' {{small|L.}}
*''[[Phacellaria]]'' {{small|Benth.}}
*''[[Phoradendron]]'' <small>Nutt.</small> (previously Viscaceae)
*''[[Pilgerina]]'' <small>Z.S.Rogers, Nickrent & Malécot</small>
*''[[Pyrularia]]'' {{small|Michx.}}
*''[[Rhoiacarpos]]'' {{small|A.DC.}}
*''[[Santalum]]'' <small>[[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]</small>
*''[[Scleropyrum]]'' {{small|Arn.}}
*''[[Staufferia]]'' {{small|Z.S.Rogers, Nickrent & Malécot}}
*''[[Thesium]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Viscum]]'' <small>L.</small> (previously Viscaceae)
{{div col end}}

===Formerly placed here===
*''[[Anthobolus]]'' R.Br. – to Opiliaceae
*''[[Arjona (plant)|Arjona]]'' - to Schoepfiaceae
*''[[Quinchamalium]]'' - to Schoepfiaceae

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Santalaceae}}
* [https://parasiticplants.siu.edu/Amphorogynaceae/index.html Parasitic Plant Connection web site: Amphorogynaceae]
* [https://parasiticplants.siu.edu/Cervantesiaceae/index.html Parasitic Plant Connection web site: Cervantesiaceae]
* [https://parasiticplants.siu.edu/Comandraceae/index.html Parasitic Plant Connection web site: Comandraceae]
* [https://parasiticplants.siu.edu/Nanodeaceae/index.html Parasitic Plant Connection web site: Nanodeaceae]
* [https://parasiticplants.siu.edu/Santalaceae/index.html Parasitic Plant Connection web site: Santalaceae s. str.]
* [https://parasiticplants.siu.edu/Thesiaceae/index.html Parasitic Plant Connection web site: Thesiaceae]
* [https://parasiticplants.siu.edu/Viscaceae/index.html Parasitic Plant Connection web site: Viscaceae]

{{Angiosperm families}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q327639}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Santalaceae| ]]
[[Category:Eudicot families]]

{{Santalales-stub}}