Editing Santa María-class frigate

{{Short description|Class of Spanish frigates based on the Oliver Perry class}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=F81 SPS Santa María.jpg
|Ship caption=''Santa María'', lead ship of the class, in 2017.
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
|Name=''Santa María'' class
|Builders=[[Navantia|Bazan]], [[Ferrol, Spain]]
|Operators={{navy|Spain}}
|Class before={{sclass|Baleares|frigate|4}}
|Class after={{sclass2|F110|frigate|4}}
|Subclasses=
|Built range=1982–1994
|In commission range=1986–present
|Total ships planned=6
|Total ships completed=6
|Total ships cancelled=
|Total ships active=6
|Total ships laid up=
|Total ships lost=
|Total ships retired=
|Total ships preserved=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship type=[[Guided missile frigate]]
|Ship displacement={{cvt|3160|t|LT}} standard
|Ship length={{convert|138.8|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|14.3|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught={{convert|6.6|m|ftin|abbr=on}} max
|Ship propulsion={{OHP frigate propulsion}}
|Ship speed={{convert|29|kn}}
|Ship range=
|Ship complement=223
|Ship sensors=*'''Radar:''' [[AN/SPS-49]](V)4 2-D air search ((V)5 in F-85 & F-86), RAN-12L (being replaced by RAN-30) 2-D low horizon air search radar for Meroka, SPS-55 surface search radar, Mk 92 [[Fire-control system|fire control]] system,
*'''Sonar:''' SQS-56, SQR-19(V) Towed Array (-19(V)2 in F-85 & F-86),
*'''Fire control:''' Mk 13 weapons control, Mk 92 and SPG-60 STIR missile control, SQQ-89 ASW
|Ship EW=Nettunel (F-85 & F-86: Mk-3000) intercept, [[SLQ-25 Nixie]], Mk36 SROC decoy launchers
|Ship armament=*1 × single-arm [[Mk 13 Missile Launcher]] with a 40-round magazine that can handle 32 [[RIM-66 Standard|SM-1MR]] anti-air/ship missiles and 8 [[Harpoon missile|Harpoon]] anti-ship missiles
*2 × [[Mark 32 Surface Vessel Torpedo Tubes|triple Mark 32]] [[Anti-submarine warfare|ASW]] torpedo tubes with [[Mark 46 torpedo|Mark 46 Mod 5]] anti-submarine [[torpedo]]es
*1 × [[Otobreda 76 mm|OTO Melara 76 mm/62 cal. naval gun]]
*1 × [[Meroka CIWS|20 mm Meroka 12-barrel CIWS system]]
|Ship armour=
|Ship aircraft= 2 × [[Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk|Sikorsky SH-60B Seahawk]] LAMPS III helicopters
|Ship aircraft facilities=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}

The '''''Santa María'' class''' of [[guided missile frigate]]s is the [[Spanish Navy]]'s designation for six warships based on the United States {{sclass|Oliver Hazard Perry|frigate|2}}s. Spanish ships have a slightly bigger [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] and were built with a greater weight reserve for future improvements. Other changes from the basic model include Meroka replacing Phalanx and a RAN-12L air search radar to provide low horizon coverage against sea skimmers cueing the Meroka [[CIWS]] mount. The Nettunel EW suite (based on the Italian Nettuno built in Spain) replaced the SLQ-32 system fitted aboard US ships. The first ship {{ship|Spanish frigate|Santa Maria|F81|2}} entered service in 1986.

They are expected to be replaced by the new [[F110-class frigate|''Bonifaz'' class]] starting around 2028.

==Design and description==

The ''Santa María'' class are a series of six [[guided missile frigate]]s based on the American {{sclass|Oliver Hazard Perry|frigate|4}}.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=745}} The ''Oliver Hazard Perry'' class had been conceived as a way to reduce unit costs while maintaining an [[anti-air warfare]] (AAW) platform with [[anti-submarine warfare|anti-submarine]] (ASW) and [[anti-surface warfare]] capabilities.{{sfn|Friedman|1995|p=600}} The ''Oliver Hazard Perry'' class came in two forms, the short-hulled and long-hulled, with the ''Santa María'' class being of the later with additional [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] to allow for more top weight for future modifications.{{sfn|Sturton|1995|p=436}}{{sfn|Friedman|1995|p=600}} The class came in two batches, with the first four being of batch one and the final two of the second. The first batch of ships have a [[Displacement (ship)|displacement]] of {{convert|2851|t|LT|lk=on}} light, {{cvt|3160|t|LT}} standard and {{cvt|4017|t|LT}} at full load. The second batch have the same light and standard displacements, with a full load displacement of {{cvt|4107|t|LT}}. The frigates measure {{convert|138.8|m|ftin}} [[Length overall|long overall]] and {{cvt|125.9|m|ftin}} at the [[waterline length|waterline]] with a beam of {{cvt|14.3|m|ftin}} and a standard [[Draft (hull)|draught]] of {{cvt|4.52|m|ftin}} and a maximum draught at the [[sonar]] dome of {{cvt|6.6|m|ftin}}.{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=672}} The ships have a complement of 223 sailors including 13 officers.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=745}}

The ''Santa María'' class is propelled by a [[controllable pitch propeller]] powered by two [[General Electric LM2500]] [[gas turbine]]s creating {{convert|41000|shp|lk=on}}, giving the vessels a maximum speed of {{convert|29|kn|lk=in}}. The frigates stow {{cvt|587|t}} of fuel and have a range of {{convert|5000|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|18|kn}}{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=672}} or {{cvt|4500|nmi}} at {{convert|20|kn}}.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=745}} The ships have four 1,000 kW Kato-Allison 114-DOOL diesel generator sets creating a total of 4,000 kW. These can power two {{cvt|350|shp|lk=out|order=flip}} retractable, rotatable auxiliary propulsion motors.{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=672}} The vessels have [[fin stabiliser]]s fitted.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=745}}

===Armament and sensors===
Frigates of the ''Santa María'' class are armed with a single-armed [[Mk 13 missile launcher]] serviced by a 40-round [[Magazine (artillery)#Naval magazines|magazine]] that can handle 32 [[RIM-66 Standard|SM-1MR]] [[Surface-to-air missile|anti-air]]/ship missiles and 8 [[Harpoon missile|Harpoon]] anti-ship missiles. The Harpoon missiles have a range of {{cvt|50|nmi}} at [[Mach number|Mach]] 0.9 carrying a {{convert|227|kg|adj=on}} warhead. The SM-1R missiles have a range of {{cvt|20.5|nmi}} at Mach 2. The vessels also mount a single [[Otobreda 76 mm|OTO Melara {{convert|76|mm|adj=on}}/62 calibre naval gun]] capable of firing 85 rounds per minute up to {{cvt|8.7|nmi}} with each shell carrying a {{cvt|6|kg}} warhead.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=745}}{{efn|/62 refers to the length of the gun in terms of [[Caliber (artillery)|calibres]]. A /62 gun is 62 times long as its bore diameter.}} For AAW defence, the ships mount a single Meroka {{cvt|20|mm}}/120 12-barrelled [[close-in weapons system]] (CIWS) capable of firing 3,600 rounds per minute up to {{cvt|2|km}}. For ASW, the frigates are armed with two triple-mounted [[Mark 32 Surface Vessel Torpedo Tubes|Mark 32]] [[torpedo tube]]s for  Mod 5 [[Mark 46 torpedo]]es.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=745}}

The vessels are equipped with [[AN/SPS-49]](V)4 2-D air search ((V)5 in ''Navarra'' and ''Canarias'') [[radar]], RAN-12L (being replaced by RAN-30) 2-D low horizon air search radar for the Meroka CIWS, SPS-55 surface search radar and a Mk 92 fire-control radar. For ASW, the ships have [[SQS-56]] [[sonar]], SQR-19(V) towed array (-19(V)2 in ''Navarra'' and ''Canarias''). For weapons fire control, they have Mk 13 [[Fire-control system|weapons control]], Mk 92 and SPG-60 STIR missile control, SQQ-89 ASW systems. For [[electronic warfare]] they have Nettunel (''Navarra'' and ''Canarias'': Mk-3000) intercept, a [[SLQ-25 Nixie]] towed torpedo decoy, and Mk36 SROC decoy launchers.{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=672}}

===Aircraft===
As long-hulled versions of the ''Oliver Hazard Perry'' class, the ''Santa María''-class frigates have twin [[hangar]]s to accommodate up to two [[Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk|Sikorsky SH-60B Seahawk]] [[Light Airborne Multi-Purpose System]] (LAMPS) III helicopters though only one is usually embarked. The [[helicopter deck]], located aft, is equipped with the RAST helicopter deck-handling system designed to handle LAMPS helicopters.{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=672}}

==Construction and service==
[[File:Standard Missile of Spanish frigate SPS Canarias (F86).jpg|thumb|''Canarias'' firing a Standard missile on 30 July 2006]]
The first three ships were ordered on 29 June 1977. Delays in construction followed as the Spanish Navy deferred the frigates' construction in order to focus on the construction of a new [[aircraft carrier]].  The fourth hull was ordered on 19 June 1986, and the final two on 26 December 1989. ''Santa María'' was the first of the class to enter service in 1986.{{sfn|Sturton|1995|p=436}} In August 1991  ''Santa María'' was among the Spanish ships deployed to the [[Persian Gulf]] and [[Red Sea]] as part of the International Force following the [[Iraqi invasion of Kuwait|invasion of Kuwait by Iraq]]. She was later replaced by sister ship ''Numancia'' in November.{{sfn|Sturton|1995|p=429}} By 1994 all six vessels were active and are homeported at [[Rota, Spain]] as part of the 41st Escort Squadron.{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=672}}

== Units of class ==

{| class="wikitable"
|- 
!colspan="7"|''Santa María'' class construction data{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=745}}
|-
! scope="col"| [[Pennant number|Number]]
! scope="col"| Name
! scope="col"| Builder
! scope="col"| [[Keel laying|Laid down]]
! scope="col"| [[Ceremonial ship launching|Launched]]
! scope="col"| [[Ship commissioning|Commissioned]]
! scope="col"| Status
|-
| scope="row"| F81
| {{ship|Spanish frigate|Santa María||2}}
| rowspan="6" | [[Navantia|Izar]], [[Ferrol, Spain|Ferrol]], Spain 
| 23 May 1982
| 24 November 1984
| 12 October 1986
|
|-
| scope="row"| F82
| {{ship|Spanish frigate|Victoria||2}}
| 16 August 1983
| 23 July 1986
| 11 November 1987
|
|-
| scope="row"| F83
| {{ship|Spanish frigate|Numancia||2}}
| 8 January 1986
| 30 January 1987
| 8 November 1988
|
|-
| scope="row"| F84
| {{ship|Spanish frigate|Reina Sofía||2}}
| 12 December 1987
| 19 July 1989
| 18 October 1990
|
|-
| scope="row"| F85
| {{ship|Spanish frigate|Navarra||2}}
| 15 April 1991
| 23 October 1992
| 30 May 1994
|
|-
| scope="row"| F86
| {{ship|Spanish frigate|Canarias||2}}
| 15 April 1992
| 21 June 1993
| 14 December 1994
|-
|}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==Citations==
{{reflist|30em}}

==References==
* {{cite book |last=Friedman |first=Norman |chapter=United States of America |editor-last1=Gardiner |editor-first1=Robert |date=1995 |title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995 |publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, Maryland |isbn=1-55750-132-7 |pages=544–634}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Saunders |editor-first=Stephen |year=2009 |title=Jane's Fighting Ships 2009–2010 |publisher=Jane's Information Group Inc. |edition=112 |location=Alexandria, Virginia |isbn=978-0-7106-2888-6}}
* {{cite book |last=Sturton |first=Ian |chapter=Spain |editor-last1=Gardiner |editor-first1=Robert |date=1995 |title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995 |publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, Maryland |isbn=1-55750-132-7 |pages=427–441}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Wertheim |editor-first=Eric |year=2013 |title=The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World |edition=16th |publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, Maryland |isbn=9-7-815911-4954-5}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Santa María class frigates}}
* [http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/us_navy_pages/frigates/pages/oliver_hazard_perry_class_overview.htm MaritimeQuest Oliver Hazard Perry Class Overview]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090824072845/http://www.buquesdeguerra.tk/ BUQUESDEGUERRA.TK], a Spanish website about warships

{{Oliver Hazard Perry class frigate}}{{Ship classes of the Spanish Navy}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Santa Maria Class Frigate}}
[[Category:Frigate classes]]
[[Category:Ships of the Spanish Navy]]
[[Category:Santa María-class frigates]]