Editing Sacaton, Arizona

{{Short description|CDP in Pinal County, Arizona}}
{{Distinguish|Sacaton (village)|Sacate, Arizona}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name          = Sacaton, Arizona
|native_name            = {{langx|ood|Geʼe Ki:}}
|native_name_lang       = ood
|settlement_type        = [[Census-designated place|CDP]]
|image_skyline          = Sacaton-Cook Memorial Church-1870-1.JPG
|imagesize              = 250px
|image_caption          = The [[C.H. Cook Memorial Church|C. H. Cook Memorial Church]], listed in the National Register of Historic Places
|image_map              = Pinal County Arizona Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Sacaton highlighted.svg
|mapsize                = 250px
|map_caption            = Location in [[Pinal County, Arizona|Pinal County]] and the state of [[Arizona]]
|image_map1             = 
|mapsize1               = 
|map_caption1           = 
|pushpin_map            = USA
|pushpin_map_caption    = Location in the United States
|subdivision_type       = Country
|subdivision_type1      = [[Political divisions of the United States|State]]
|subdivision_type2      = [[List of counties in Arizona|County]]
|subdivision_name       = United States
|subdivision_name1      = [[Arizona]]
|subdivision_name2      = [[Pinal County, Arizona|Pinal]]
|government_type        = 
|leader_title           = 
|leader_name            = 
|established_title      = 
|established_date       = 
|area_magnitude         = 
|area_total_km2         = 24.06
|area_total_sq_mi       = 9.29
|area_land_km2          = 24.06
|area_land_sq_mi        = 9.29
|area_water_km2         = 0.00
|area_water_sq_mi       = 0.00
|elevation_ft           = 1283
|elevation_m            = 391
|population_as_of       = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_footnotes   = 
|population_total       = 3254
|population_metro       = 
|population_density_km2 = 135.23
|population_density_sq_mi = 350.27
|timezone               = [[Mountain Standard Time Zone|MST]] (no [[Daylight savings time|DST]])
|utc_offset             = -7
|coordinates            = {{coord|33|4|48|N|111|44|45|W|region:US-AZ|display=inline,title}}
|website                = 
|timezone_DST           = 
|utc_offset_DST         = 
|postal_code_type       = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code            = 85147
|area_code              = [[Area code 520|520]]
|blank_name             = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info             = 04-61720
|blank1_name            = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info            = {{GNIS4|10623}}
|footnotes              = 
|pop_est_as_of          = 
|pop_est_footnotes      = 
|population_est         = 
|unit_pref              = Imperial
|area_footnotes         = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{Cite web |title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files |url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_04.txt |access-date=October 29, 2021 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref>
}}
[[File:Gila River Health Care building in Sacaton.jpg|thumb|Gila River Health Care Administration Building]]
'''Sacaton''' ([[O'odham language|Pima]]: '''Geʼe Ki:''' ''Big House'')<ref name="Saxton-1983">{{cite book |last1=Saxton |first1=Dean |last2=Saxton |first2=Lucille |last3=Enos |first3=Susie |title=Tohono O'odham/Pima to English, English to Tohono O'odham/Pima Dictionary |date=1983 |publisher=The University of Arizona Press |location=Tucson, AZ |isbn=978-0-8165-1942-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dOjZITU0N8AC}}</ref> is a [[census-designated place]] (CDP) in [[Pinal County, Arizona|Pinal County]], [[Arizona]], United States. The population was 3,254 at the [[United States Census, 2020|2020 census]]. It is the capital of the [[Gila River Indian Community]].

==Geography==
Sacaton is located at {{coord|33|4|48|N|111|44|45|W|type:city}} (33.079911, −111.745784).<ref name="GR1">{{Cite web |date=February 12, 2011 |title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990 |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html |access-date=April 23, 2011 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the CDP has a total area of {{convert|2.4|sqmi|km2}}, all  land.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|2020= 3254
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{Cite web |title=Census of Population and Housing |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html |access-date=June 4, 2016 |publisher=Census.gov}}</ref>
}}
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{Cite web |title=U.S. Census website |url=https://www.census.gov |access-date=January 31, 2008 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> of 2000, there were 1,584 people, 378 households, and 303 families residing in the CDP.  The population density was {{convert|667.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  There were 387 housing units at an average density of {{convert|163.0|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  The racial makeup of the CDP was 2.0% [[Race (United States Census)|White]], 95.0% [[Race (United States Census)|Native American]], 0.1% [[Race (United States Census)|Asian]], 0.6% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 2.3% from two or more races.  7.1% of the population were [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race.

There were 378 households, out of which 40.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 26.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 41.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.6% were non-families. 15.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 3.80 and the average family size was 4.12.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 38.4% under the age of 18, 11.7% from 18 to 24, 28.4% from 25 to 44, 16.0% from 45 to 64, and 5.6% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 25 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.1 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.6 males.
[[File:Native American Cemetery in Sacaton, AZ.jpg|thumb|Gila River Indian Community Cemetery]]
The median income for a household in the CDP was $18,276, and the median income for a family was $20,766. Males had a median income of $25,882 versus $23,750 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the CDP was $6,425.  About 36.4% of families and 39.9% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 45.4% of those under age 18 and 31.1% of those age 65 or over.

==History==
Sacaton is one and one-quarter miles west of the 1858–1861 location of the [[Socatoon Station]] of the [[Butterfield Overland Mail]].  The station was named for the nearby [[Maricopa people|Maricopa]] village of [[Sacaton (village)|Sacaton]], four miles down the Gila from the station.
It was an adobe building established in 1858 on the Little Gila river also known as Capron's Rancho and was also a trading post.<ref>[http://www.griccrmp.com/PDF%20Files/Peoples%20of%20the%20Middle%20Gila.pdf John P. Wilson, Peoples of the Middle Gila: A Documentary History of the Pimas and Maricopas, 1500s – 1945, Researched and Written for the Gila River Indian Community, Sacaton, Arizona, 1998 (revised July 1999) Report No. 77, Las Cruces, New Mexico, p.137] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711130007/http://www.griccrmp.com/PDF%20Files/Peoples%20of%20the%20Middle%20Gila.pdf |date=July 11, 2011 }}</ref>

==Notable people==
*[[Ira Hayes]] – [[Pima people|Pima]] [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] and [[United States Marine Corps|United States Marine]] who assisted in [[raising the flag on Iwo Jima]] on February 23, 1945, was born and raised in the Sacaton area.
*[[Mary Thomas (politician)|Mary Thomas]] – Governor of the Gila River Indian Community (1994–2000)<ref name="azcentral2">{{Cite news |date=August 27, 2014 |title=Mary Thomas Obituary |url=http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/azcentral/obituary.aspx?pid=172260362 |access-date=October 5, 2014 |work=[[Azcentral.com]]}}</ref>
{{Clear}}

==Historic structures and monuments==
{{lists of historic properties}}
The following is a short description of the historic structures, cemetery and monuments pictured:
*Side view of the '''C. H. Cook Memorial Church''', a historic church on Church Street. It was built in 1918 and added to the National Register in 1975. The church is named after Charles Cook, a young missionary who arrived in Sacaton on December 23, 1870. The funeral of [[Ira Hayes]] was held here. The church was listed in the National Register of Historic Places as of August 28, 1975, reference # 75000359. In March 2019, an arsonist burned the church to the ground.<ref>[https://www.pinalcentral.com/casa_grande_dispatch/area_news/community-mourns-loss-of-historic-sacaton-church/article_0742b39c-7fbf-51e8-80ac-a5c8b91ac4bf.html Community mourns loss of historic Sacaton church]</ref> The church was destroyed as a result of that fire.<ref>[https://www.12news.com/article/news/local/arizona/historic-arizona-church-built-in-1887-destroyed-in-fire-officials-suspect-a 12 News]</ref>
*The grave of '''Charles Cook's''' son, Franklin, who died on February 22, 1884, at the age of three months and six days. Lying next to the baby is Cook's wife, Annie M. Cook (Coates), who died on December 18, 1889. The grave is located in the C. H. Cook Memorial Church Cemetery on the northwest edge of the '''C. H. Cook Memorial Church'''. 
*The grave of '''[[Matthew B. Juan|Mathew B. Juan]]''' whose body was interred in the cemetery on April 9, 1921. Juan's first name was misspelled; it is "Matthew". Juan was killed in World War I, as the first Native American from Arizona to die while fighting for the United States in a war. The grave is located in the C. H. Cook Memorial Church Cemetery, on the northwest edge of the C. H. Cook Memorial Church.<ref name="renton.50megs.com">{{Cite web |title=WWI Service Record |url=http://renton.50megs.com/Tuscania/shogun/rivers.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20081012033717/http://renton.50megs.com/Tuscania/shogun/rivers.htm |archive-date=October 12, 2008 |access-date=April 17, 2017}}</ref>
*The grave of [[American Civil War]] veteran and Confederate Colonel '''James Patton Perkins''', who died in [[Sweetwater, Arizona]] in 1896. The grave is located in the C. H. Cook Memorial Church Cemetery, on the northwest edge of the C. H. Cook Memorial Church.  
*The '''[[Matthew B. Juan]]-[[Ira H. Hayes]] Veterans Memorial Park'''. The Memorial Park commemorates Matthew B. Juan, a Pima Indian who was the first Native American from Arizona to be killed in World War I.<ref>[https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=42026  Historic marker]</ref> Ira Hayes was a Pima Indian who served in the United States Marine Corps, and is best known for his participation in the U.S. flag-raising at Iwo Jima in 1945. The park is located on West Casa Blanca Road in Sacaton.
*The '''Pvt. Matthew B. Juan Monument''' built in 1928 by stonemason [[Michael Sullivan (stonemason)|Michael Sullivan]], in the Mathew B. Juan-Ira H. Hayes Veterans Memorial Park.
*The '''Ira H. Hayes Monument''' in the Mathew B. Juan-Ira H. Hayes Veterans Memorial Park.
*The '''First Pima Baptist Church''' a.k.a. '''"The first Southern Baptist Church"''', was built in 1925 and is located at N Voak AT W Casa Blanca Road. 
*Early '''20th Century House''', located on Casa Blanca Road in the Gila Indian Reservation.

==Historic structures pictured==
{{Gallery
|title=Historic Sacaton, Arizona<br />(NRHP = National Register of Historic Places)
|width=180px
|height=200px
|align=center
|File: Sacaton-Cook Memorial Church-1870-2.JPG  |The '''C. H. Cook Memorial Church'''.
|File: Sacaton-Graves of Franklin and Annie E. Coakes.JPG |The grave of Charles Cook's son, Franklin wife Annie M. Cook (Coates).
|File: Sacaton-Grave of Matthew (misspelled with one T) B. Juan.JPG |The grave of '''[[Matthew B. Juan|Mathew B. Juan]]'''.
|File: Sacaton-Grave of Col. James Patton perkins.JPG |The grave of '''Confederate Colonel James Patton Perkins'''.
|File: Sacaton-Matthew B. Juan-Ira Hayes Veterans Memorial Park.JPG |The '''[[Matthew B. Juan]]-[[Ira H. Hayes]] Veterans Memorial Park'''.
|File: Sacaton-Matthew B. Juans Memorial -1-Matthew B. Juan-Ira Hayes Veterans Memorial Park.JPG|The '''Pvt. Matthew B. Juan Monument'''.
|File:Sacaton-Ira Hayes Memorial.jpg|The '''Ira H. Hayes Monument'''.
|File: Sacaton-The First Southern Baptist Church-1925.JPG |The '''First Pima Baptist Church''' a.k.a. "'''The first Southern Baptist Church'''".
|File:Sacaton-Ols Sacaton House-1920.JPG |Abandoned early 20th Century house.
}}

==The Gila River Japanese War Relocation Center==

*The '''Gila River War Relocation Center''' was an internment camp built by the War Relocation Authority (WRA) for the internment of Japanese Americans during the Second World War.  The Gila River War Relocation Memorial is located at Indian Route 24, Sacaton, Az. 
*The '''Gila River War Relocation Memorial''' on '''Butte Mountain'''. 
*Ruins of the '''Gila River Japanese Relocation Internment Camp'''.
*A concrete slab foundation of the '''Gila River War Relocation Center'''. 
{{Gallery
|title=Gila River War Relocation Center
|width=180px
|height=200px
|align=center
|File: Sacaton-Gila River War Relocation Memorial-2.JPG |The '''Gila River War Relocation Center'''.
|File: Sacaton-Gila River War Relocation Memorial-1.JPG |Different view of the '''Gila River War Relocation Memorial'''.
|File: Sacaton-Gila River War Relocation Memorial).JPG |The '''Gila River War Relocation Memorial'''.
|File: Sacaton-Japanese Relocation Camp Ruins-3.JPG |The '''Gila River Japanese Relocation Internment Camp''' ruins.
|File: Sacaton-Japanese Relocation Camp Ruins-4.JPG|More ruins of the '''Gila River Japanese Relocation Internment Camp'''.
|File: Sacaton-Japanese Relocation Camp Ruins-1.JPG |'''Gila River War Relocation Center''' concrete slab foundation.
}}

==See also==
* [[Gila River Indian Community Emergency Medical Services]]
* [[Hohokam Pima National Monument]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Pinal County, Arizona}}
{{Phoenix Metropolitan Area}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Gila River Indian Community]]
[[Category:Seats of government of American Indian reservations]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in Pinal County, Arizona]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in Arizona]]