Editing Rozenburg

{{short description|Town in South Holland province of the Netherlands}}
{{hatnote|Rozenburg is also a village in the Dutch municipality of [[Haarlemmermeer]].}}
{{for|similarly named things|Rosenberg (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
 | official_name            = Rozenburg
 | settlement_type          = Borough
 | image_flag               = Rozenburg vlag.svg
 | flag_size                = 120x100px
 | image_shield             = Rozenburg wapen.svg
 | shield_size              = 120x100px
 | image_map                = LocatieRozenburg.png
 | mapsize                  = 250px
 | subdivision_type         = Country
 | subdivision_name         = [[Netherlands]]
 | subdivision_type1        = Province
 | subdivision_name1        = [[South Holland]]
 | subdivision_type2        = Municipality
 | subdivision_name2        = [[Rotterdam]]
 | area_footnotes           = (2006)
 | area_total_km2           = 6.50
 | area_land_km2            = 4.51
 | area_water_km2           = 1.98
 | population_as_of         = 1 January 2007
 | population_note          = Source: [[Statistics Netherlands|CBS]], Statline.
 | population_total         = 12672
 | population_density_km2   = 2810
 | timezone                 = [[Central European Time|CET]]
 | utc_offset               = +1
 | timezone_DST             = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
 | coordinates              = {{coord|51.90|N|4.25|E|region:NL|display=inline,title}}
 | website                  = {{URL|https://www.rotterdam.nl/rozenburg}}
 | utc_offset_DST           = +2
}}

'''Rozenburg''' ({{IPA|nl|ˈroːzə(m)bʏr(ə)x|-|354 Rozenburg.ogg}}) is a town and former municipality in the western [[Netherlands]], in the province of [[South Holland]]. The municipality had a population of 13,173 in 2004, and covers an area of 6.50&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> (of which 1.99&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> water). It was the second-smallest municipality in the Netherlands in area (behind [[Bennebroek]]). On 10 July 2008, the local council decided to disband the municipality and to form a submunicipality of [[Rotterdam]].<ref>[http://www.nrc.nl/binnenland/article1166024.ece/Rozenburg_gaat_op_in_stad_Rotterdam nrc.nl – Binnenland – Rozenburg gaat op in stad Rotterdam<!-- Automatisch gegenereerde titel: verbeter de omschrijving als dat mogelijk is -->]</ref> This was ratified on 27 October 2009 by the [[Senate of the Netherlands|Eerste Kamer]] (the Dutch Senate), and came into effect on 18 March 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |last=@StadsarchiefRotterdam |title=Rozenburg |url=https://stadsarchief.rotterdam.nl/regio/rotterdam/rozenburg/ |access-date=2024-09-16 |website=Stadsarchief Rotterdam |language=nl}}</ref>

[[Image:Rozenburg, molen 2009-08-23 14.10.JPG|thumb|170px|left|Windmill de Hoop]]
The town is located on the former island by the same name: [[Rozenburg (island)|Rozenburg Island]]. Its current form was created out of three separate parts: Rozenburg proper (a former [[Bar (landform)|sand bar]] between [[Het Scheur]] and Brielse Maas – part of the [[Nieuwe Maas]] river – both being branches of the [[Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta]]), the sand bar Welplaat, and the southernmost part of the [[Hook of Holland]] (which was cut off from mainland [[Holland]] by the construction of the [[Nieuwe Waterweg]] [[ship canal]] in 1870 and subsequently was connected to Rozenburg when the remainder of Het Scheur was dammed off). The island is now connected to [[Voorne-Putten]] by a sea barrier and a dam.

==History==
Rozenburg Island was formed centuries ago from several sand bars in the mouth of the river Maas. In 1568 construction started on the first set of [[dike (construction)|dikes]] and in 1586 the land known as ''Roosenburgh'' was leased to Dirk Ariensz. Bisdommer and Son, the first permanent inhabitant of Rozenburg.

In 1950, the Nieuwe Maas (or Brielse Maas) was dammed off at both ends of Rozenburg Island, thereby forming [[Brielse Meer]] and connecting it to [[Voorne-Putten]] Island.

Beginning in the same period, most of the island was given to [[Industrial sector|industrial]] enterprise, part of the [[Port of Rotterdam]] ([[Botlek]] and [[Europoort]]). When these sea ports were being planned in the 1950s, the councils of [[Rotterdam]] and Rozenburg made the arrangement that Rotterdam would lead the development of the ports and industry, whereas Rozenburg would take care of housing development for the expected population increase. The village of Blankenburg on the island had to be completely removed to make way for new canals and industry. The new housing developments were concentrated around the old village centre of Rozenburg on Het Scheur. In a short period, its population rose from 3500 to over 14000.

The Hook of Holland bit was extended with a large [[polder]] called [[Maasvlakte]], which contains large sea harbours and [[petrochemical]] industry.

There is a [[Oil refinery|refinery]] located in Rozenburg. The [[Rozenburg refinery]] is now owned by Kuwait Petroleum Europort BV which is a subsidiary of [[Kuwait Petroleum International]], KPI.

<gallery widths="200px">
Image:Beneeden rivier de Maas.jpg|Rozenburg Island in 1769
Image:Brielse Maas2.png|The same region today, Rozenburg Island in green, ''[[Brielse Meer]]'' in dark blue.
Image:Rozenburg 1867.png|Rozenburg Island in 1867, just before the construction of the Nieuwe Waterweg, its planned route visible in the top left corner
Image:RMSDeltaNorth.jpg|Satellite image of the [[Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta]] showing the island of Rozenburg (10)
</gallery>

==Born in Rozenburg==
Famous people that were born in Rozenburg:

* [[Johannes van der Giessen]] (1899–2008), oldest man from the Netherlands.
* [[Bonnie St. Claire]] (1949), singer.
* [[Fidan Ekiz]] (1976), journalist/documentary maker.
* [[Kraantje Pappie|Alex van der Zouwen]] (1986), rapper with the artist name ''Kraantje Pappie''

==Attractions==
* [[Rozenburg wind wall]]

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[http://www.rozenburg.nl Official Website]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20030815094746/http://www.voorne-putten.nl/rozenburg/ Map (select ''plattegrond'')]

{{Boroughs of Rotterdam}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Boroughs of Rotterdam]]
[[Category:Former municipalities of South Holland]]
[[Category:Populated places in South Holland]]
[[Category:Municipalities of the Netherlands disestablished in 2010]]
[[Category:Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta]]