Editing Royalist

{{short description|Supporter of a particular monarch or claimant as the head of a kingdom}}
{{Other uses}}
{{More citations needed|date=September 2009}}
{{Monarchism|Related}}
{{Toryism |expanded=characteristics}}
{{Conservatism sidebar}}

A '''royalist''' supports a particular [[monarch]] as [[head of state]] for a particular [[monarchy|kingdom]], or of a particular [[dynasty|dynastic]] claim. In the abstract, this position is '''royalism'''. It is distinct from [[monarchism]], which advocates a monarchical system of government, but not necessarily a particular monarch. Most often, the term royalist is applied to a supporter of a current regime or one that has been recently overthrown to form a [[republic]].

In the [[United Kingdom]], the term is currently almost indistinguishable from "monarchist", as there are no significant rival claimants to the throne. Conversely, in 19th-century France, a royalist might be either a [[Legitimists|Legitimist]], [[Bonapartist]], or an [[Orléanist]], all being monarchists.

==United Kingdom==
* The [[Wars of the Roses]] were fought between the [[Yorkists]] and the [[House of Lancaster|Lancastrians]]
* During the [[English Civil War]] the Royalists or [[Cavalier]]s supported King [[Charles I of England|Charles I]] and, in the aftermath, his son King [[Charles II of England|Charles II]]
* Following the [[Glorious Revolution]], the [[Jacobitism|Jacobites]] supported the deposed [[James II of England|James II]] and his Stuart successors to the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland
* Following the [[Glorious Revolution]], the [[Loyalist]]s supported the Williamite dynasty, and after the ascension of [[George I of Great Britain|George I]] to the British throne in 1714, the Hanoverian dynasty to the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland

==Russia==
{{Main|Monarchism in Russia}}
* During the [[Russian Civil War]], the Royalists constituted a part of the [[White Army]].

==Yugoslavia==
* During, and especially towards the end of, [[World War II in Yugoslavia]], the royalist [[Chetniks]] supported the exiled [[king of Yugoslavia]].

==France==
{{Main|Monarchism in France}}

* [[Legitimists]], French royalists upholding [[Salic Law]]
**[[Chouannerie]], a royalist group during the [[French Revolution]]
**[[Ultra-royalist]]s, a 19th-century reactionary faction of the French parliament
* [[Orléanist]]s, who, in late 18th and 19th century France, supported the Orléans branch of the [[House of Orléans]], which came to power in the French monarch [[July Revolution]]
*[[Bonapartists]], supporters of the Bonaparte imperial line.

== Japan ==

*[[Nanboku-cho Seijunron]] ([[:ja:南北朝正閏論|南北朝正閏論]]) – The debate on legitimacy in the [[Nanboku-chō period|Nanboku-cho period]]. The Southern and Northern dynasties are in conflict; the [[Emperor of Japan|present emperor]] is part of the Northern dynasty.
*[[Tenno Kikan Setsu]] ([[:ja:天皇機関説|天皇機関説]], [[Emperor Organ Theory]]) – Based on the theory of state juridical person represented by the German public law scholar [[Georg Jellinek|Georg Jelinek]], the constitutional scholar [[Tatsukichi Minobe|Minobe Tatsukichi]] and others advocated this theory.
* [[Tenno Shuken Setsu]] ([[:ja:天皇主権説|天皇主権説]], Imperial Sovereignty Theory) – [[Hozumi Yatsuka]], [[Shinkichi Uesugi|Uesugi Shinkichi]] and others opposed the Tenno Kikan Setsu and argued that the sovereignty was with the emperor.
*[[Tennosei]] ([[:ja:天皇制|天皇制]]) or [[kokutai]] ([[:ja:国体|国体]]) – In modern Japan, all political parties, with the exception of the [[Japanese Communist Party]] (JCP), recognise the Emperor System. In recent years, even the JCP has weakened its opposition to the emperor system to accommodate the majority of the population who recognise him.
* [[Anti-monarchism in Japan|Anti-monarchism]] ({{Nihongo|2=天皇制廃止論|3=Tennōsei haishiron}}) – Some [[Far-left politics|far-left]] extremists call for the abolition of the emperor system, but most of the Japanese people recognise the emperor and support for this is infinitesimal.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-05-03|title=Emperor Naruhito and Japan's lonely republicans|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-48133701|access-date=2021-07-24}}</ref>

==Low Countries==
* [[Union of Arras]], states of the [[Netherlands]] loyal to [[Philip II of Spain|Philip II]]
* Orangism in the [[Orangism (Kingdom of the Netherlands)|Netherlands]], [[Orangism (Belgium)|Belgium]], and [[Orangism (Luxembourg)|Luxembourg]]
* Supporters of the return of [[Leopold III of Belgium|Leopold III]] as King of the Belgians after the [[Second World War]], also called Leopoldists

==Portugal==
* [[Miguelist]], a supporter of King [[Miguel of Portugal|Miguel]]

==Spain==
* [[Alfonsism]]
* [[Carlist]], a Spanish legitimist
* [[Royalist (Spanish American Revolution)]], a supporter of continued [[Spanish Empire|Spanish rule]] during the [[Spanish American wars of independence|Latin American wars of independence]]

==Italy==
* During [[World War II]] the royalists were Italians who supported [[Victor Emmanuel III]] and the government of [[Pietro Badoglio]] after the Fascist dictator [[Benito Mussolini]] was overthrown.

==China==
* [[Chinese Empire Reform Association]] (Royalist Society) in the late [[Qing dynasty]], an organisation that supported the pro-reform [[Guangxu Emperor]] and advocated [[constitutional monarchy]] as a peaceful political reform, against both the conservative rulers (such as the [[Empress Dowager Cixi]]) who opposed any reform and the [[Tongmenghui]] which sought to overthrow the [[Monarchy of China|Chinese monarchy]] and establish the [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]])
* [[Royalist Party]]: This militant party was established during the [[Xinhai Revolution]], and was vehemently opposed to the new Republic of China. It tried to use politics and later violence in order to restore the Qing dynasty or at least some form of monarchy, but failed.

==Cambodia==
{{Main|FUNCINPEC}}
The [[FUNCINPEC]] Party ({{langx|km|ហ្វ៊ុនស៊ិនប៉ិច}}; {{langx|fr|Front uni national pour un Cambodge indépendant, neutre, pacifique et coopératif}}), '''National United Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful and Cooperative Cambodia''' is a royalist political party in Cambodia founded in 1981. The party draws its inspiration from the political legacy of the former King of Cambodia, [[Norodom Sihanouk]].

==Iran==
{{Main|Monarchism in Iran}}
The [[Constitutionalist Party of Iran]] (CPI) ({{langx|fa|حزب مشروطه ايران}}) is a liberal democratic party founded in 1994 (originally as the ''Constitutional Movement of Iran'') and is based in exile. The party favors a [[constitutional monarchy]] in Iran but isn't opposed to a republic based on referendum. It also supports returning of ''Crown Prince'' [[Reza Pahlavi, Crown Prince of Iran|Reza Pahlavi]] as the next [[shah of Iran]].<ref>{{cite web|title=The Constitutionalist Party of Iran|url=http://www.irancpi.net/shakhe/keshver_1.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304055819/http://www.irancpi.net/shakhe/keshver_1.html|archive-date=2012-03-04}}</ref>

==United States==
* [[Loyalist (American Revolution)|Loyalists]] during the [[American Revolution]] (and the ensuing [[American Revolutionary War]]) were [[Thirteen Colonies|American colonists]] opposed to seceding from the [[Kingdom of Great Britain]] and instead remained loyal to the British Crown. After the war ended in independence for the Thirteen Colonies, many loyalists emigrated north to [[British North America]] (Present-day [[Canada]]), referring to themselves as the [[United Empire Loyalists]].

==Malaysia==
* Johor Royalists Club is a non-governmental organization which was founded in the State of [[Johor]], within the Federation of [[Malaysia]], on 23 March 2015. Its mission is to restore the "Order", and its objectives are to support the monarchy of Johor; to create awareness of the heritage of the monarchy of Johor; and to close up racial relations through the monarchy of Johor. Its membership is open to pure Johoreans (Anak Jati Johor) who, and both of whose parents, were born in Johor, and are loyal (and only loyal) to the [[Sultan of Johor]]. It operates in the form of a people's congress, and has a standing committee to manage the day-to-day affairs.<ref>{{cite web|title=Johor Royalists Club - Royalists in Malaysia|url=http://iaij.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=766&start=0&postdays=0&postorder=asc&highlight=}}</ref>

==Nepal==
The [[Rastriya Prajatantra Party]] was founded on the principles of [[democracy]], [[constitutional monarchy]], [[nationalism]] and [[economic liberalization]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nepaldemocracy.org/institutions/major_parties.htm#rpp|title=Major Political Parties|website=www.nepaldemocracy.org|access-date=2017-06-25}}</ref> When the [[monarchy]] was abolished in 2008 and Nepal was declared a [[secular state]], the [[Rastriya Prajatantra Party Nepal]] changed its constitution to support monarchy and the re-establishment of the [[Hindu nationalism|Hindu state]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://rppn.org/about/about-rppn.html|title=राप्रपा नेपालः सुस्पष्ट बिचार र अलग पहिचान सहितको राजनैतिक दल|last=RPP|work=RPP|access-date=2017-06-25|language=en-gb}}</ref>

== See also ==
{{Wiktionary}}
* [[Carlism]]
* [[Conservative]]
* [[Legitimist]]
* [[Loyalism]]
* [[Monarchism]]
* [[Reactionary]]
* [[Restoration (disambiguation)]]
* [[War of succession]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Monarchism]]
[[Category:Monarchy]]
[[Category:Conservatism]]