Editing Rocklin, California

{{Short description|City in California, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                     = Rocklin, California
| settlement_type          = [[List of municipalities in California|City]]
| image_skyline            = Rocklin, California - Amtrak station and Chamber of Commerce building.jpg
| image_caption            = Amtrak station and Chamber of Commerce, Rocklin
| image_seal               = 
| motto                    = "A Family Community"<ref>{{cite web|title= City of Rocklin California Website |url= http://www.rocklin.ca.us/ |access-date= September 14, 2012}}</ref>
| image_map                = File:Placer County California Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Rocklin Highlighted.svg
| map_caption              = Location in [[Placer County, California|Placer County]] and the state of [[California]]
| image_map1               = 
| mapsize1                 = 
| map_caption1             = 
| pushpin_map              = USA
| pushpin_map_caption      = Location in the United States
| pushpin_relief           = yes
| coordinates              = {{coord|38|48|0|N|121|14|48|W|region:US-CA|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name         = {{Flagu|United States|size=23px}}
| subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1        = {{flag|California|size=23px}}
| subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in California|County]]
| subdivision_name2        = [[Placer County, California|Placer]]
| established_title        = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
| established_date         = February 24, 1893<ref>{{Cite web
  | url         = http://www.calafco.org/docs/Cities_by_incorp_date.doc
  | title       = California Cities by Incorporation Date
  | format      = Word
  | publisher   = California Association of [[Local Agency Formation Commission]]s
  | access-date  = August 25, 2014
  | url-status     = dead
  | archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20131017052413/http://www.calafco.org/docs/Cities_by_incorp_date.doc
  | archive-date = October 17, 2013
}}</ref>
<!-- Area------------------>
| government_type          = Council-manager system
| leader_title             = Mayor
| leader_name              = Greg Janda
| leader_title1            = [[California State Legislature|State Senate]]
| leader_name1             = [[Brian Dahle]] (R)
| unit_pref                = Imperial
| area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_06.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 1, 2020}}</ref>
| area_total_sq_mi         = 19.83
| area_land_sq_mi          = 19.81
| area_water_sq_mi         = 0.02
| area_note                = 
| elevation_ft             = 249
| population_total         = 71601
| population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes     = 
| population_density_sq_mi = auto
| population_metro         = 
| population_demonym       = Rocklinite
| postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]s
| postal_code              = 95677, 95765
| area_code                = [[Area codes 916 and 279|916, 279]]
| unemployment_rate        = 
| website                  = {{URL|www.rocklin.ca.us}}
| footnotes                = 
| leader_title2            = [[California State Assembly|State Assembly]]
| leader_name2             = [[Joe Patterson (California politician)|Joe Patterson]] (R)
| leader_title3            = [[California's 3rd congressional district|U. S. Congress]]
| leader_name3             = {{Representative|cacd|3|fmt=usleader}}<ref>{{Cite GovTrack|CA|3|access-date=March 3, 2013}}</ref>
| timezone                 = [[Pacific Time Zone|PST]]
| utc_offset               = -8
| timezone_DST             = PDT
| utc_offset_DST           = -7
| blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info               = 06-62364
| blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info              = {{GNIS 4|0277586}}
| pop_est_as_of            = 
| population_est           = 
| pop_est_footnotes        = 
| area_total_km2           = 51.37
| area_land_km2            = 51.31
| area_water_km2           = 0.06
| population_density_km2   = auto
}}

'''Rocklin''' is a city in [[Placer County, California]], United States, about {{convert|22|mi|km}} from [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]], and about {{convert|6.1|mi|km}} northeast of [[Roseville, California|Roseville]] in the [[Sacramento metropolitan area]]. Besides Roseville, it shares borders with [[Granite Bay, California|Granite Bay]], [[Loomis, California|Loomis]] and [[Lincoln, California|Lincoln]]. As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], Rocklin's population was 71,601.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/profile/Rocklin_city,_California?g=160XX00US0662364|title=Geogrpahy Profile: Rocklin city, California|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 20, 2024}}</ref>

==History==
Before the [[California Gold Rush]], the [[Nisenan]] [[Maidu]] occupied both permanent villages and temporary summer shelters along the rivers and streams that miners sifted, sluiced, dredged and dammed to remove the [[gold]].<ref name ="FHM">{{cite web|title=Folsom's Unique History|url=http://www.folsomhistorymuseum.org/history.htm|publisher=Folsom History Museum|access-date=February 6, 2014}}</ref> Explorer [[Jedediah Smith]] and a large party of American fur trappers crossed the Sacramento Valley in April 1827. The group saw many Maidu villages along the river banks.<ref name ="FHM" /> Deprived of traditional foodstuffs, homesites and hunting grounds by the emigrants, the Nisenan were among the earliest California Indian tribes to disappear.<ref name ="FHM" />

During the 1850s, miners sluiced streams and rivers, including [[Secret Ravine]], which runs through Rocklin. The piles of dredger tailings are still obvious today, between Roseville and Loomis southeast of [[Interstate 80]].<ref>[https://www.rosevilletoday.com/news/archives/introduction-to-rocklin-history-series/ Introduction to Rocklin History Series<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Secret Ravine, at the area now at the intersection of Ruhkala Road and Pacific Street, was later mined for granite, some of which was used as the base course of the California Capitol Building; the earliest recorded use of the rock was for Fort Mason at [[San Francisco]] in 1855.<ref name = "Ruhkala">{{cite web|last=Ruhkala|first=Roy|title=History of Rocklin California|url=http://www.rocklinhistory.org/written_history/written_roy-1974.asp|work=Written Histories 1974|publisher=The Rocklin Historical Society|access-date=February 6, 2014}}</ref> The granite was hauled out by oxcarts before the arrival of the railroad many years later.<ref name = "Ruhkala" />

In 1860, the U.S. Census counted 440 residents in the area of Secret Ravine, of whom about 16% had been born in [[Ireland]] and the majority of whom worked as miners.<ref name="Day">{{cite web|url=http://www.rocklintoday.com/news/templates/history_news.asp?articleid=2438&zoneid=31|title=Where did "Rocklin" come from?|last=Day|first=Gary|publisher=Rocklin & Roseville Today|access-date=February 6, 2014}}</ref> The area was referred to as Secret Ravine or the "granite quarries at the end of the tracks" as late as 1864.<ref name ="Day" />

Rocklin's history is closely tied to the [[transcontinental railroad]]. In 1862, the [[Pacific Railroad Act]] granted the [[Central Pacific Railroad]] land near Secret Ravine.<ref name ="Day" /> In 1864, the [[Central Pacific Railroad]] completed an extension of its track southwest from [[Newcastle, CA|Newcastle]] to Secret Ravine. It named the area Rocklin after its granite quarry and used the site as a refueling and [[water stop]]. The Central Pacific built a [[Railway roundhouse|roundhouse]] in 1867.<ref name="Day_roundhouse">{{cite web|url=http://www.rocklintoday.com/news/templates/history_news.asp?articleid=2410&zoneid=31&print=yes|title=Where did "Rocklin" come from?|last=Day|first=Gary|publisher=Rocklin & Roseville Today|access-date=August 20, 2014}}</ref> The transcontinental railroad was completed in 1869, significantly increasing railroad traffic through the town. According to the 1870 census, Rocklin had grown to 542 residents,<ref name="Hist">{{cite web|last=Harman|first=Lila|title=A History of Rocklin|url=http://www.rocklinhistory.org/written_history/written_extract-1970.asp}}</ref> and the majority of Irish immigrants had forgone mining and were working for the railroad.<ref name ="Day" /> In 1908, the Central Pacific moved its facility from Rocklin to [[Roseville, CA|Roseville]], where more land was available for expansion.<ref name="Day_roundhouse" /> The Roseville site has remained in continuous use since. As of August 2014, it is the largest rail facility near the U.S. West Coast.<ref name='uprr'>{{Cite web | url=http://www.up.com/aboutup/facilities/davis/index.htm | title=J.R. Davis Yard}}</ref>

In 1869, a group of laid-off [[Chinese Railroad Workers|Chinese railroad workers]] moved to Secret Ravine to mine and raise vegetables which they sold locally. The Chinese community was violently driven out in September 1876 after a group of Chinese was accused of murdering three people near Rocklin.<ref>Pfaelzer, Jean, Driven Out: The Forgotten War Against Chinese Americans, 83-85 Random House New York 2007.</ref> The area was still known as China Gardens as of 1974.<ref name = "Ruhkala" />

The Rocklin post office opened in 1868.<ref name=CGN>{{California's Geographic Names|547}}</ref> Finnish immigrants settled in Rocklin starting in the 1870s, and Spanish settlers arriving by way of [[Hawaii]] settled in Rocklin in the early 20th century.<ref name ="Day" /> The town [[municipal corporation|incorporated]] in 1893.<ref name=CGN/>

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has an area of {{convert|19.6|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|0.05|sqmi}}, or 0.27%, is water.{{citation needed|date=October 2019}}

===Climate===
Rocklin has a [[Mediterranean climate#hot-summer Mediterranean climate|hot-summer Mediterranean climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Csa''), characterized by cool, wet winters and hot, dry summers. Summers are hot, with an average July high of {{convert|94|°F}}, and mostly rainless. Winters are cool, with a December average of {{convert|47|°F}}, and see plenty of rain. Rocklin very rarely sees any snow accumulation. The degree of [[diurnal temperature variation]] varies greatly depending on time of year. It ranges from only 14&nbsp;°F in January to 33&nbsp;°F in July.

{{weather box|single line=yes|precipitation colour=green|width=60%|location=Rocklin, California
|Jan high F = 53.7|Feb high F = 59.3|Mar high F = 64.5|Apr high F = 71.2|May high F = 79.8|Jun high F = 89.0|Jul high F = 96.5|Aug high F = 95.0|Sep high F = 89.2|Oct high F = 78.5|Nov high F = 65.4|Dec high F = 54.7|year high F= 74.7
|Jan mean F = 44.3|Feb mean F = 48.4|Mar mean F = 52.2|Apr mean F = 57.3|May mean F = 64.1|Jun mean F = 71.3|Jul mean F = 77.2|Aug mean F = 75.6|Sep mean F = 70.9|Oct mean F = 62.4|Nov mean F = 52.0|Dec mean F = 44.9|year mean F= 60.1
|Jan low F = 34.9|Feb low F = 37.6|Mar low F = 39.9|Apr low F = 43.4|May low F = 48.3|Jun low F = 53.7|Jul low F = 57.9|Aug low F = 56.2|Sep low F = 52.6|Oct low F = 46.2|Nov low F = 38.7|Dec low F = 34.9|year low F= 45.4
|Jan record high F = 76|Feb record high F = 82|Mar record high F = 90|Apr record high F = 97|May record high F = 107|Jun record high F = 115|Jul record high F = 115|Aug record high F = 118|Sep record high F = 114|Oct record high F = 105|Nov record high F = 88|Dec record high F = 80|year record high F= 118
|Jan record low F = 14|Feb record low F = 20|Mar record low F = 23|Apr record low F = 27|May record low F = 19|Jun record low F = 34|Jul record low F = 34|Aug record low F = 33|Sep record low F = 29|Oct record low F = 25|Nov record low F = 20|Dec record low F = 14|year record low F= 14
|Jan precipitation inch = 4.89|Feb precipitation inch = 3.86|Mar precipitation inch = 3.27|Apr precipitation inch = 1.79|May precipitation inch = 0.76|Jun precipitation inch = 0.28|Jul precipitation inch = 0.03|Aug precipitation inch = 0.03|Sep precipitation inch = 0.32|Oct precipitation inch = 1.25|Nov precipitation inch = 2.57|Dec precipitation inch = 3.75|year precipitation inch= 22.80
|Jan precipitation days = 10|Feb precipitation days = 9|Mar precipitation days = 7|Apr precipitation days = 5|May precipitation days = 3|Jun precipitation days = 1|Jul precipitation days = 0|Aug precipitation days = 0|Sep precipitation days = 1|Oct precipitation days = 3|Nov precipitation days = 6|Dec precipitation days = 8|year precipitation days= 53
|source=Western Regional Climate Center{{Cite WRCC|id=ca7516|name=Rocklin, California|access-date=May 19, 2020}}
}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1870= 542
|1880= 624
|1890= 1056
|1900= 1050
|1910= 1026
|1920= 643
|1930= 724
|1940= 795
|1950= 1155
|1960= 1495
|1970= 3039
|1980= 7344
|1990= 19033
|2000= 36330
|2010= 56974
|2020= 71601
|estimate= 73472
|estyear=2023
|estref=
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}

===2019===
The California Department of Finance calculated the population of Rocklin at 69,249 with a 3.8% population growth over 2018.<ref>{{cite web |title=E-1 Population Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the State — January 1, 2018 and 2019 |url=http://www.dof.ca.gov/Forecasting/Demographics/Estimates/E-1/ |website=State of CA - Department of Finance |access-date=November 19, 2019}}</ref>

===2010===
At the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]], Rocklin had a population of 56,974. The population density was {{convert|2,907.7|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of Rocklin was 47,047 (82.6%) White, 858 (1.5%) African American, 410 (0.7%) Native American, 4,105 (7.2%) Asian, 150 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 1,538 (2.7%) from other races, and 2,866 (5.0%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6,555 persons (11.5%).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=06:0662364|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140715032748/http://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=06:0662364|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 15, 2014|title=2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA - Rocklin city|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=July 12, 2014}}</ref>

The census reported that 56,337 people (98.9% of the population) lived in households, 456 (0.8%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 181 (0.3%) were institutionalized.

There were 20,800 households, 8,424 (40.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 11,974 (57.6%) were [[marriage|opposite-sex married couples]] living together, 2,191 (10.5%) had a female householder with no husband present, 895 (4.3%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,035 (5.0%) [[POSSLQ|unmarried opposite-sex partnerships]], and 124 (0.6%) [[same-sex partnerships|same-sex married couples or partnerships]]. 4,403 households (21.2%) were one person and 1,652 (7.9%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.71. There were 15,060 families (72.4% of households); the average family size was 3.18.

The age distribution was 15,613 people (27.4%) under the age of 18, 5,306 people (9.3%) aged 18 to 24, 15,159 people (26.6%) aged 25 to 44, 14,668 people (25.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 6,228 people (10.9%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 36.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.4 males.

There were 22,010 housing units at an average density of 1,123.3 per square mile, of the occupied units 13,797 (66.3%) were owner-occupied and 7,003 (33.7%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.5%; the rental vacancy rate was 7.3%. 39,295 people (69.0% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 17,042 people (29.9%) lived in rental housing units.

===2000===
At the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]], there were 36,330 people in 13,258 households, including 10,009 families, in the city. The population density was {{convert|2,246.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 14,421 housing units at an average density of {{convert|891.6|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}. The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census#2000 census|racial makeup]] of the city was 88.32% White, 0.91% African American, 0.80% Native American, 4.16% Asian, 0.19% Pacific Islander, 1.93% from other races, and 3.69% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.91%.<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> 16.8% were of [[German Americans|German]], 11.8% [[English Americans|English]], 10.6% [[Irish Americans|Irish]], 8.1% [[Italian Americans|Italian]] and 6.5% [[American ancestry]] according to [[Census 2000]].

Of the 13,258 households 42.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.3% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.5% were non-families. 18.7% of households were one person and 6.3% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.15.

The age distribution was 30.0% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 33.7% from 25 to 44, 20.8% from 45 to 64, and 8.6% 65 or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.6 males.

The median [[income]] for a household in the city was $79,274, according to the City of Rocklin website.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rocklin.ca.us/demographics|title=Demographics - City of Rocklin|website=City of Rocklin Website|language=en|access-date=February 17, 2017}}</ref> Males had a median income of $54,426 versus $35,920 for females. The per capita income for the city was $26,910. About 3.1% of families and 4.5% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 4.3% of those under age 18 and 3.5% of those age 65 or over.

==Economy==
Granite mining ended in 2004 in Rocklin.<ref name ="Day" /> Top Rocklin employers include large multinational corporations, retail outlets, education and government. As of April 2016, Rocklin had an estimated civilian work force of 30,100 with an unemployment rate of 4.4%. Approximately 40% of Rocklin citizens over age 25 hold a bachelor's degree or higher.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rocklin.ca.us/demographics|title=Demographics - City of Rocklin|website=www.rocklin.ca.us|language=en|access-date=February 17, 2017}}</ref>

Shopping, entertainment and dining can be found in the Blue Oaks Town Center, a regional shopping center anchored by national tenants on the [[Highway 65]] corridor,<ref>{{cite web|title=Rocklin Venues|url=http://events.sacbee.com/rocklin_ca/venues/show/4810745-blue-oaks-town-center|publisher=Sacramento Bee|access-date=February 6, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221223032/http://events.sacbee.com/rocklin_ca/venues/show/4810745-blue-oaks-town-center|archive-date=February 21, 2014}}</ref> as well as Rocklin Commons and Rocklin Crossings with tenants that include Target, Walmart, and Bass Pro Shop, along [[Interstate 80 in California|Interstate 80]]. A section of Granite Drive along Interstate 80 known as Toy Row has high-end auto dealerships, RV and Boat retailers, and a local antique mall.

The city has four districts with distinct architectural guidelines: the University District, Granite District, College District, and Quarry District.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rocklin-architectural.herokuapp.com/|title=City of Rocklin - Architectural Guidelines|last=rocklin|website=City of Rocklin Architectural Guidelines|language=en-US|access-date=February 17, 2017}}</ref><!--  Business names are not usually included in Wikipedia, please see guidelines on Neutral Point of View, and absence of boosterism. Wikipedia is not an advertising venue for specific businesses. -->

==Education==
{{main|Rocklin Unified School District}}
<!--  The school names are in the subsidiary article, there is no reason to put the list here also. -->
The Rocklin area is home to 13 elementary schools,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rocklinusd.org/Schools/Elementary-Schools/index.html|title=Rocklin Unified School District - Elementary Schools|website=www.rocklinusd.org|access-date=May 13, 2019}}</ref> two middle schools, two high schools, and two alternative education institutions, encompassed in the [[Rocklin Unified School District]], as well as campuses of [[Sierra College]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Rocklin Campus|url=http://www.sierracollege.edu/about-us/visit/rocklin/index.php|publisher=Sierra College|access-date=February 6, 2014}}</ref> and [[William Jessup University]].

==Infrastructure==

===Transportation===
[[Interstate 80]] and [[California State Route 65|State Route 65]] intersect in Rocklin, and historic U.S. [[U.S. Route 40#Historical route|Route 40]] runs through town. The [[Rocklin (Amtrak station)|Rocklin Amtrak station]] is served by Amtrak California's ''[[Capitol Corridor]]'' route.

==Notable people==
<!--consensus reached to standardize this heading per WP:WikiProject Cities/US Guideline -->
<!-- NOTICE * 
* Only people who already have a Wikipedia article may appear here. This establishes notability.
• The article must mention how they are associated with the community, whether born, raised, or residing.
• The fact of their association should have a reliable source cited.
• Alphabetical by last name please
• All others will be deleted without further explanation
END OF NOTICE *  -->

*[[Brandon Aiyuk]], wide receiver for the [[San Francisco 49ers]]
*[[Seth Casiple]], soccer player<ref>{{Cite web |title=Seth Casiple |url=http://www.timbers.com/t2/seth-casiple |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406021258/http://www.timbers.com/t2/seth-casiple |archive-date=April 6, 2015 |access-date=March 21, 2025 |website=[[Portland Timbers]]}}</ref>
*[[Johnny Davis (kickboxer)|Johnny Davis]], kickboxer
*[[Kevin Kiley (politician)|Kevin Kiley]], politician
*[[John Romero]], video game developer
*[[Logan Webb]], pitcher for the [[San Francisco Giants]]
*[[Karyn White]], pop singer

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}} <!-- for current and future use if material is uploaded -->
*{{official website|https://www.rocklin.ca.us/}}
*[http://www.city-data.com/city/Rocklin-California.html City-Data.com] Comprehensive Statistical Data and more about Rocklin

{{Geographic Location
|Centre = Rocklin
|North = [[Lincoln, California|Lincoln]]<br /><small>''Highway 65''</small>
|Northeast = [[Loomis, California|Loomis]]<br /><small>''Interstate 80''</small>
|East = 
|Southeast = [[Granite Bay, California|Granite Bay]]
|South = [[Roseville, California|Roseville]]
|Southwest=[[Roseville, California|Roseville]]
|West=[[Roseville, California|Roseville]]
|Northwest=
}}

{{Cities of Placer County, California}}
{{Sacramento Valley}}
{{Greater Sacramento}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Placer County, California]]
[[Category:Cities in Sacramento metropolitan area]]
[[Category:Incorporated cities and towns in California]]
[[Category:1893 establishments in California]]