Editing Roby, Texas

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Roby, Texas
| settlement_type    = [[City]]
| motto              = 
| image_skyline      = Roby street scene.jpg
| imagesize          = 250px
| image_caption      = Downtown Roby
| image_map          = TXMap-doton-Roby.PNG
| mapsize            = 250px
| map_caption        = Location of Roby, Texas
| image_map1         = Fisher County Roby.svg
| mapsize1           = 250px
| map_caption1       = 
<!-- Location -->
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = United States
| subdivision_type1  = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Texas]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[List of counties in Texas|County]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Fisher County, Texas|Fisher]]
<!-- Government -->
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = 
| leader_name        = 
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
<!-- Area -->
| unit_pref          = Imperial
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_48.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 7, 2020}}</ref>
| area_total_km2     = 1.86
| area_land_km2      = 1.86
| area_water_km2     = 0.00
| area_total_sq_mi   = 0.72
| area_land_sq_mi    = 0.72
| area_water_sq_mi   = 0.00
<!-- Population -->
| population_as_of   = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
| population_footnotes = 
| population_total   = 591
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_sq_mi = auto
<!-- General information -->
| timezone           = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
| utc_offset         = -6
| timezone_DST       = CDT
| utc_offset_DST     = -5
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/> 
| elevation_ft       = 1965
| coordinates        = {{coord|32|44|51|N|100|22|42|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| postal_code_type   = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code        = 79543
| area_code          = [[Area code 325|325]]
| blank_name         = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info         = 48-62612<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
| blank1_name        = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info        = 2410974<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2410974}}</ref>
| website            = 
| footnotes          = 
}}
'''Roby''' is a city in and the [[county seat]] of [[Fisher County, Texas|Fisher County]], [[Texas]], United States.<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|access-date=2011-06-07|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref> The population was 591 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].

== History ==
{{unsourced|section|date=October 2024}}
In 1885, shortly after Fisher County was organized, a dispute arose between business partners from Mississippi and a town called Fisher. Both wanted their land to host the courthouse.  The partners were M.L. and D.C. Roby, and the town of Fisher is now called [[North Roby, Texas|North Roby]].

In 1886, construction was begun on the new courthouse and a school and post office opened. The community had 13 houses by that summer.  In 1890, the population was estimated to be 300 people and the town had a hotel, two general stores, Baptist and Methodist churches, a restaurant, and a weekly newspaper, the ''Fisher County Call''.

Roby had no jail until 1892, when one was constructed out of stone. A new jail was built in 1926 out of brick, and remained in use until 2016. In 2016, a new jail was built and the brick jailhouse was declared a historic landmark.

It has had three different courthouses during its existence, unlike many Texas county seats, which have preserved and restored original courthouses.  The most recent courthouse was built in 1972, and is strikingly modern in comparison to those found in many Texas counties.

In 1898, the first bank was chartered and the Roby school district was formed.  The area covered by the school district grew slowly over the years as it absorbed rural schools in the vicinity, including those of Longworth and McCaulley.

By 1900, the population had grown to 712 residents. By 1914, it had Baptist, Methodist, Presbyterian, and Nazarene churches.  Telephone service was also established as of 1914.

Roby received its first railroad in 1907 (the Texas Central), and in 1915, the Roby and Northern laid 4.4 miles of track to connect Roby proper with North Roby. <!--repeated below In 1930, the population was 801. --> It actually increased during the Great Depression—reaching 904 for the 1940 Census. The Roby and Northern line was scrapped during World War II and its rails went to the war effort.

Roby incorporated in 1915, and its population grew to 801 in 1930 and 904 in 1940.  The population peaked in 1950 with 1,040 people calling Roby and North Roby home, and 60 businesses. The city was plagued by insufficient water throughout its life and finally in 1953 during a long period of drought, water from Oak Creek Lake at Blackwell was piped in. By 1970, the population had fallen below 800 with 22 businesses in operation. It further declined to 616 in 1990 before rebounding to 673 in 2000, and as of the 2010 Census, the population had fallen to 643.

==Geography==

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|0.7|sqmi|km2}}, all  land. Roby is surrounded by wide cotton fields.

===Climate===

{{Weather box
|location = Roby, Texas 
|single line = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|collapsed   = yes
|Jan high F = 58
|Feb high F = 62
|Mar high F = 71
|Apr high F = 78
|May high F = 85
|Jun high F = 92
|Jul high F = 95
|Aug high F = 95
|Sep high F = 89
|Oct high F = 78
|Nov high F = 67
|Dec high F = 58
|year high F = 77
|Jan low F = 30
|Feb low F = 31
|Mar low F = 39
|Apr low F = 49
|May low F = 57
|Jun low F = 65
|Jul low F = 68
|Aug low F = 68
|Sep low F = 62
|Oct low F = 50
|Nov low F = 40
|Dec low F = 31
|year low F = 49
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.8
|Feb precipitation inch = 1
|Mar precipitation inch = 1
|Apr precipitation inch = 2.1
|May precipitation inch = 3.2
|Jun precipitation inch = 2.7
|Jul precipitation inch = 1.8
|Aug precipitation inch = 2.4
|Sep precipitation inch = 2.6
|Oct precipitation inch = 2.3
|Nov precipitation inch = 1.2
|Dec precipitation inch = 1
| Jan snow inch  =1.3
| Feb snow inch  =0.3
| Mar snow inch  =0.5
| Apr snow inch  =0.0
| May snow inch  =0.0
| Jun snow inch  =0.0
| Jul snow inch  =0.0
| Aug snow inch  =0.0
| Sep snow inch  =0.0
| Oct snow inch  =0.0
| Nov snow inch  =0.3
| Dec snow inch  =0.7
| year snow inch =
|year precipitation inch = 22.1
| Jan precipitation days  =2
| Feb precipitation days  =3
| Mar precipitation days  =2
| Apr precipitation days  =4
| May precipitation days  =5
| Jun precipitation days  =4
| Jul precipitation days  =3
| Aug precipitation days  =4
| Sep precipitation days  =4
| Oct precipitation days  =4
| Nov precipitation days  =3
| Dec precipitation days  =2
| year precipitation days =
|source 1 = Weatherbase <ref name=Weatherbase>
{{cite web
|url =http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=876714&cityname=Roby-Texas-United-States-of-America
|publisher=Weatherbase
|title=Weatherbase.com
|year=2013
}}
Retrieved on August 14, 2013.
</ref>
|date=August 2013
}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
| 1920 = 635
| 1930 = 801
| 1940 = 904
| 1950 = 1051
| 1960 = 913
| 1970 = 784
| 1980 = 814
| 1990 = 616
| 2000 = 673
| 2010 = 643
| 2020 = 591
| footnote = U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}

===2020 census===

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Roby racial composition'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4862612&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |access-date=2022-05-20 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><br /> (''NH = Non-Hispanic''){{efn|Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.<ref>https://www.census.gov/ {{nonspecific|date=August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=About the Hispanic Population and its Origin |url=https://www.census.gov/topics/population/hispanic-origin/about.html |website=www.census.gov |access-date=18 May 2022}}</ref>}}
!Race
!Number
!Percentage
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] (NH)
|386
|65.31%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] (NH)
|11
|1.86%
|-
|Some Other Race (NH)
|1
|0.17%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed/multiracial]] (NH)
|7
|1.18%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]]
|186
|31.47%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''591'''
|
|}
As of the [[2020 United States census]], 591 people, 306 households, and 216 families were residing in the city.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000,  673 people, 264 households, and 175 families resided in the city. The population density was {{convert|936.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The 312 housing units  averaged 434.0 per square mile (167.3/km{{sup|2}}). The [[Race (United States Census)|racial makeup]] of the city was 86.18% White, 3.27% African American, 0.45% Native American, 8.32% from other races, and 1.78% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 22.14% of the population.

Of the 264 households, 31.1% had children under 18 living with them, 53.4% were married couples living together, 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.7% were not families. About 31.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.8% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.45, and the average family size was 3.13.

In the city, the age distribution was 27.8% under 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 25.1% from 25 to 44, 20.2% from 45 to 64, and 20.7% who were 65  or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 80.4 males. For every 100 females 18 and over, there were 78.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $27,031, and for a family was $34,632. Males had a median income of $27,500 versus $19,286 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $13,926. About 14.8% of families and 15.9% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 18.9% of those under age 18 and 14.7% of those age 65 or over.

==The Roby 42==

Forty-two lucky residents of Roby put $10 each in a lottery pool in 1996 and won the $46,000,000 jackpot on Thanksgiving of that year, making 6–7% percent of the population millionaires instantly (before taxes).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.texasmonthly.com/content/reversal-fortune|title=Reversal of Fortune|date=31 August 2004|website=texasmonthly.com|access-date=16 April 2018}}</ref>

==Education==
The City of Roby is served by the [[Roby Consolidated Independent School District]] and is home to the [[Roby High School]] Lions.

==References==
<references />
{{notelist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.texasescapes.com/TexasTowns/Roby-Texas-Fisher-County-Courthouse.htm History of Roby Court Houses]
* [https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hlr28 Handbook of Texas Online]

{{Fisher County, Texas}}
{{Texas}}
{{Texas county seats}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Fisher County, Texas]]
[[Category:Cities in Texas]]
[[Category:County seats in Texas]]
[[Category:1915 establishments in Texas]]