Editing Roberto Rossellini

{{short description|Italian film director (1906–1977)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox person
| birth_name     = Roberto Gastone Zeffiro Rossellini
| image          = Roberto Rossellini.jpg
| image_size     =  
| years_active   = 1936–1977
| caption        = Rossellini in 1951
| birth_date     = {{birth date|1906|05|08|df=y}}
| birth_place    = [[Rome]], [[Kingdom of Italy]]
| death_date     = {{Death date and age|1977|06|03|1906|05|08|df=y}}
| death_place    = Rome, Italy
| occupation     = {{flatlist|
* Film director
* producer
* screenwriter
}}
| spouse         = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|[[Assia Noris]]|1934|1936|end=annulled}}
* {{marriage|Marcella De Marchis|1936|1950|end=divorce}}
* {{marriage|[[Ingrid Bergman]]|1950|1957|end=divorce}}
* {{marriage|Sonali Senroy Das Gupta|1957|1973|end=separated}}
}}
| children       = 7, including [[Renzo Rossellini (producer)|Renzo]] and [[Isabella Rossellini]]
}}

'''Roberto Gastone Zeffiro Rossellini'''<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_HpZAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Roberto+Gastone+Zeffiro+Rossellini+%22 |title=The adventures of Roberto Rossellini – Tag Gallagher – Google Books |date= 22 October 1998|isbn=9780306808739 |access-date=13 August 2012|last1=Gallagher |first1=Tag |publisher=Hachette Books }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iHqUsrLiPm4C&q=%22Roberto+Gastone+Zeffiro+Rossellini+%22&pg=PA2 |title=Roberto Rossellini's Rome Open City – Google Books |date= 14 June 2004|isbn=9780521545198 |access-date=13 August 2012|last1=Gottlieb |first1=Sidney |last2=Andrew |first2=Horton |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> (8 May 1906 – 3 June 1977) was an Italian film director, screenwriter and producer. He was one of the most prominent directors of the [[Italian neorealism|Italian neorealist]] cinema, contributing to the movement with films such as ''[[Rome, Open City]]'' (1945), ''[[Paisan]]'' (1946), and ''[[Germany, Year Zero]]'' (1948). He is also known for his films starring his then wife [[Ingrid Bergman]], ''[[Stromboli (1950 film)|Stromboli]]'' (1950), ''[[Europe '51]]'' (1952), ''[[Journey to Italy]]'' (1954), ''[[Fear (1954 film)|Fear]]'' (1954) and ''[[Joan of Arc at the Stake]]'' (1954).

== Early life ==
Rossellini was born in Rome. His mother, Elettra ([[née]] Bellan), was a housewife born in [[Rovigo]], [[Veneto]], and his father, Angiolo Giuseppe "Peppino" Rossellini, who owned a construction firm,<ref name="google">{{cite book|title=My method: writings and interviews|author1=Rossellini, R.|author2=Aprà, A.|date=1992|publisher=Marsilio Publishers|isbn=9780941419642|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eY5ZAAAAMAAJ|access-date=7 December 2014}}</ref> was born in Rome from a family originally from [[Pisa]], [[Tuscany]]. <ref name="nytimes">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/g/gallagher-rossellini.html|title=The Adventures of Roberto Rossellini|newspaper=nytimes.com|access-date=7 December 2014}}</ref> He lived on the Via Ludovisi, where [[Benito Mussolini]] had{{what?|date=March 2025}} his first Roman hotel in 1922 when [[Fascism]] obtained power in Italy.<ref>Serri, Mirella ''From the Odeon to the Odeon: The Experience of Roberto Rossellini from Fascism to Antifascism'', Kenneth Lloyd-Jones (translator) ''[[Telos (journal)|Telos]]'' Vol. 139 (Summer 2007): pp. 70–78.</ref>

Rossellini's father built the first cinema in Rome{{when?|date=March 2025}}, the "Barberini", a theatre where movies could be projected, granting his son an unlimited free pass; the young Rossellini started frequenting the cinema at an early age. When his father died, he worked in film sound-making and for a certain time, he experienced all the ancillary jobs related to the creation of a film, gaining competence in each field. Rossellini had a younger brother, [[Renzo Rossellini (composer)|Renzo]], who later scored many of his films.

Although he was not personally religious,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vg-hortus.it/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=138:la-visione-della-realtost-bellica-italiana-nel-cinema&catid=13:studi-storici&Itemid=15|title=La visione della realtà post-bellica italiana nel cinema|last=(h)ortus|website=Hortus - Rivista di architettura}}</ref> he had a strong interest in [[Christian values]] in the contemporary world;<ref name="Bondanella, Peter 1991">Bondanella, Peter. The Films of Roberto Rossellini. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991. 16–17. Print.</ref> he appreciated [[Catholic ethics]] and religious sentiment—things which he saw as being neglected in the materialist world.<ref name="Bondanella, Peter 1991"/>

== Career ==
In 1937, Rossellini shot his first film, ''Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune'', which was possibly unreleased and later lost.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Forgacs|first1=David|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LTr8DwAAQBAJ&dq=%22dafne%22+%22rossellini%22&pg=PA172|title=Roberto Rossellini: Magician of the Real|last2=Lutton|first2=Sarah|last3=Nowell-Smith|first3=Geoffrey|date=2019-07-25|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-1-83871-782-7|language=en}}</ref> After this film, he was called to work as assistant director on [[Goffredo Alessandrini|Goffredo Alessandrini's]] in making ''[[Luciano Serra, Pilot|Luciano Serra pilota]]'', one of the most successful Italian films of the first half of the 20th century, and later worked on [[Francesco De Robertis|Francesco De Robertis's]] 1940 film ''Uomini sul Fondo''.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=YbB9zKvpS88C&q=francesco%20%20de%20robertis Brunette, Peter. ''Roberto Rossellini''. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. p. 11.]</ref> His close friendship with [[Vittorio Mussolini]], son of [[Benito Mussolini]], has been interpreted as a possible reason for having been preferred to other apprentices.

Some writers have described the first part of his career as a sequence of trilogies. His first feature film, ''[[The White Ship (1941 film)|The White Ship]]'' (1941) was sponsored by the audiovisual propaganda centre of Navy Department and is the first work in Rossellini's "Fascist Trilogy", together with ''[[A Pilot Returns]]'' (1942) and ''[[The Man with a Cross]]'' (1943). During this period he developed relationships with [[Federico Fellini]] and [[Aldo Fabrizi]]. The Fascist regime collapsed in 1943, and two months after the liberation of Rome (4 June 1944), Rossellini began preparing the anti-fascist ''[[Rome, Open City|Roma città aperta]]'' (''Rome, Open City'', 1945), with Fellini assisting on the script. Fabrizi played the role of the priest, while Rossellini self-produced, filming commencing in January 1945. Most of the money came from credits and loans, and film had to be found on the black market. This dramatic film was an immediate success. It has been called the first film of the ''Neorealist Trilogy'', the second title of which was ''[[Paisà]]'' (1946), produced with non-professional actors, and the third, ''[[Germany, Year Zero]]'' (1948), was sponsored by a French producer and filmed in Berlin's French sector. In Berlin also, Rossellini preferred non-actors, but he was unable to find a face he found "interesting"; he placed his camera in the centre of a town square, as he did for ''Paisà'', but was surprised when nobody came to watch.

As he declared in an interview "in order to really create the character that one has in mind, it is necessary for the director to engage in a battle with his actor which usually ends with submitting to the actor's wish. Since I do not have the desire to waste my energy in a battle like this, I only use professional actors occasionally".<ref>[https://www.meetup.com/es-ES/DCitalian/events/84628342/ G., Anthony. "'Free' Cinema Italiano @ NGA:"Trip to Italy" by World Famous Director Rossellini." ''Meetup''. 14 October 2012.]</ref> One of the reasons for success is supposed to be Rossellini's rewriting of the scripts according to the non-professional actors' feelings and histories. Regional accent, dialect and costumes were shown in the film as they were in real life.

After his Neorealist Trilogy, Rossellini produced two films now classified as the 'Transitional films': ''[[L'Amore (film)|L'Amore]]'' (1948) (with [[Anna Magnani]]) and ''La macchina ammazzacattivi'' (1952), on the capability of cinema to portray reality and truth (with recalls of [[commedia dell'arte]]). In 1948, Rossellini received a letter from a famous foreign actress proposing a collaboration:
::Dear Mr. Rossellini,
:I saw your films ''Open City'' and ''Paisan'', and enjoyed them very much. If you need a Swedish actress who speaks English very well, who has not forgotten her German, who is not very understandable in French, and who in Italian knows only "ti amo," I am ready to come and make a film with you.
:::[[Ingrid Bergman]]

With this letter began one of the best-known love stories in film history, with Bergman and Rossellini both at the peak of their careers. Their first collaboration was ''[[Stromboli (1950 film)|Stromboli terra di Dio]]'' (1950) (in the island of [[Stromboli (island)|Stromboli]], and its volcano quite conveniently erupted during filming). This affair caused a great scandal in some countries (Bergman and Rossellini were married to other people); the scandal intensified when Bergman became pregnant with Renato Roberto Ranaldo Giusto Giuseppe ("Robin") Rossellini. Rossellini and Bergman had two more children, [[Isabella Rossellini]] (actress & model) and her twin, Ingrid Isotta. ''[[Europa '51]]'' (1952), ''[[Siamo Donne]]'' (1953), ''[[Journey to Italy]]'' (1954), ''[[Fear (1954 film)|La paura]]'' (1954) and ''[[Giovanna d'Arco al rogo]]'' (1954) were the other films on which they worked together.

In 1957, [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], the prime minister of India at the time, invited him to India to make the documentary ''India'' and put some life into the floundering Indian Films Division. Though married to Bergman, he had an affair with Sonali Senroy Dasgupta, a screenwriter, herself married to local filmmaker [[Harisadhan Dasgupta]], who was helping develop vignettes for the film.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hoveyda.org/india.html|title=Rossellini's INDIA by Fereydoun Hoveyda|website=hoveyda.org|access-date=29 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828055806/http://www.hoveyda.org/india.html|archive-date=28 August 2008|url-status=usurped}}</ref> Given the climate of the 1950s, this led to a huge scandal in India as well as in Hollywood.<ref name="tele">{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080601/jsp/7days/story_9348365.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615181115/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080601/jsp/7days/story_9348365.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 June 2008|title=The scandal that rocked Calcutta|date=1 June 2008|newspaper=The Telegraph|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Nehru had to ask Rossellini to leave.{{Citation needed|date=June 2009}} Soon after, Bergman and Rossellini separated.

In 1971, Rice University in Houston, Texas, invited Rossellini to help establish a Media Center, where in 1970 he had begun planning a film on science with Rice professor [[Donald D. Clayton]].<ref name="clemson">{{cite web|url=http://www.clemson.edu/ces/astro/NucleoArchive/PhotoList/1970s/70CRosselini1.html|title=PHOTO ARCHIVE IN NUCLEAR ASTROPHYSICS|publisher=clemson.edu|access-date=7 December 2014}}</ref> They worked daily for two weeks in Rome in summer 1970, but financing was insufficient for filming to begin. In 1973, he was invited to teach at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, where he taught a one-semester course titled "The Essential Image."

Rossellini's final project was the documentary ''Beaubourg'', filmed in 1977 and first premiered in 1983.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/filmsofrobertoro00bond|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/filmsofrobertoro00bond/page/174 174]|quote=Beaubourg Rossellini.|title=The Films of Roberto Rossellini|last1=Bondanella|first1=Peter|last2=Bondanella|first2=Distinguished Professor of Comparative Literature and Italian Peter|date=29 January 1993|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521398664|language=en}}</ref>

== Personal life ==
In 1934, Rossellini married [[Assia Noris]], a Russian actress who worked in Italian films; the marriage was annulled in 1936. On 26 September 1936, he married Marcella De Marchis (17 January 1916, Rome – 25 February 2009, Sarteano), a costume designer with whom he collaborated even after their marriage was over. De Marchis and Rossellini had two sons: Marco Romano (born 3 July 1937 and died of appendicitis in 1946), and [[Renzo Rossellini (producer)|Renzo]] (born 24 August 1941). Rossellini and De Marchis divorced in 1950.

While filming ''Stromboli'', Rossellini had an affair with [[Ingrid Bergman]] (who was at the time married to Petter Lindström) in 1949. In the same month the film was released, Bergman gave birth to a boy, Renato Roberto Ranaldo Giusto Giuseppe ("Robin") Rossellini (born 2 February 1950). A week after their son was born, Bergman divorced Lindström and married Rossellini in Mexico. On 18 June 1952, she gave birth to their twin daughters Isotta Ingrid Rossellini and [[Isabella Rossellini]].

In 1957, Rossellini had an affair with [[Bengalis|Bengali]] screenwriter Sonali Dasgupta (née Senroy), and soon after, Bergman and Rossellini separated. Rossellini eloped with Dasgupta in 1957 when she was 27 years old. He adopted her young son Arjun, renamed Gil Rossellini (23 October 1956 – 3 October 2010), who became a New York-based film producer. Rossellini and Dasgupta had a daughter together, Raffaella Rossellini (born 1958), who is an actress and model.<ref name="tele" /><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/stoi/The-Girl-Who-Turned-Rossellinis-Head/articleshow/3069615.cms|title=The Girl Who Turned Rossellini's Head|author=Joeanna Rebello|date=25 May 2008|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref>

In 1973, Rossellini left Dasgupta for producer Silvia D'Amico Bendicò, but he remained married to Dasgupta until his death of a heart attack at age 71 in 1977.

Along with [[Albert Einstein]], Rossellini was one of the sponsors of the [[Peoples' World Convention]] (PWC), also known as Peoples' World Constituent Assembly (PWCA), which took place in 1950–51 at Palais Electoral, [[Geneva]], Switzerland.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Einstein |first1=Albert |url=http://archive.org/details/einsteinonpeace00eins |title=Einstein on peace |last2=Nathan |first2=Otto |last3=Norden |first3=Heinz |date=1968 |publisher=New York, Schocken Books |others=Internet Archive |pages=539, 670, 676}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=[Carta] 1950 oct. 12, Genève, [Suiza] [a] Gabriela Mistral, Santiago, Chile [manuscrito] Gerry Kraus. |url=http://www.bibliotecanacionaldigital.gob.cl/bnd/623/w3-article-137193.html |access-date=2023-10-19 |website=BND: Archivo del Escritor}}</ref>

==Legacy==
Rossellini's films after his early [[Neorealism (art)|Neo-Realist]] films—particularly his films with Ingrid Bergman—were commercially unsuccessful, though ''[[Journey to Italy]]'' is well regarded in some quarters. He was an acknowledged master for the critics of ''[[Cahiers du Cinéma]]'' in general and [[André Bazin]], [[François Truffaut]], and [[Jean-Luc Godard]] in particular. Truffaut noted in his 1963 essay, ''Roberto Rossellini Prefers Real Life'' (available in ''The Films in My Life'') that Rossellini's influence among the directors who became part of the [[French New Wave|nouvelle vague]] was so great that he was in every sense "the father of the French New Wave".

His posthumous ex-son-in-law [[Martin Scorsese]] has acknowledged Rossellini's seminal influence in his documentary ''[[My Voyage to Italy]]'' (the title itself a take on Rossellini's ''[[Viaggio in Italia|Voyage to Italy]]''). Among works from Italian directors [[Federico Fellini|Fellini]], [[Luchino Visconti|Visconti]], [[Vittorio De Sica|De Sica]] and [[Michelangelo Antonioni|Antonioni]], Rossellini's films form at least half of the films Scorsese discusses, highlighting Rossellini's monumental role in Italian and world cinema. The films covered include his Neo-Realist films and films with Ingrid Bergman, as well as ''[[The Flowers of St. Francis]]'', about [[St. Francis of Assisi]]. Scorsese notes that in contrast to directors who often become stylistically restrained and conservative as their careers advanced, Rossellini became more unconventional as his career advanced, and was constantly experimenting with new styles and technical challenges. Scorsese particularly highlights the series of biographies Rossellini made in the 60s of historical figures and singles out ''[[La Prise de pouvoir par Louis XIV]]'' for praise. 

Certain of Rossellini's film-related material and personal papers are contained in the Wesleyan University Cinema Archives to which scholars and media experts from around the world may have full access.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wesleyan.edu/cinema/ |title=Cinema Archives – Wesleyan University |publisher=Wesleyan.edu |access-date=13 August 2012}}</ref> Rossellini's son [[Renzo Rossellini (producer)|Renzo]] is producing the ''Audiovisual Encyclopedia of History by Roberto Rossellini'', a multi-media collection containing all of Rossellini's works, interviews, and other material from the Rossellini archive. The ''Encyclopedia'' existed in prototype form in 2011.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rossellinifilm.com/it/file/enc/scheda.htm/ |title=ROSSELLINI Film & TV &#124; Enciclopedia del cinema di Roberto Rossellini |access-date=10 December 2011 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921042933/http://www.rossellinifilm.com/it/file/enc/scheda.htm |archive-date=21 September 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

==Filmography==
* "Luciano Serra pilota ("Luciano Serra, pilot") ([[1938 in film |1938]])
* ''[[La Vispa Teresa]]'' ([[1939 in film|1939]]) - short
* ''Il Tacchino prepotente'' (1939) - short
* ''Fantasia sottomarina'' ([[1940 in film|1940]]) - short
* ''Il Ruscello di Ripasottile'' ([[1941 in film|1941]]) - short
* ''[[The White Ship (1941 film)|The White Ship]]'' (1941)
* ''[[A Pilot Returns]]'' ([[1942 in film|1942]])
* ''[[The Man with a Cross]]'' ([[1943 in film|1943]])
* ''[[Rome, Open City]]'' ([[1945 in film|1945]])
* ''[[Paisan|Paisà]]'' ([[1946 in film|1946]])
* ''[[L'Amore (film)|L'Amore]]'' ([[1948 in film|1948]])
* ''[[Germany, Year Zero]]'' (1948)
* ''[[Stromboli (1950 film)|Stromboli terra di Dio]]'' ([[1950 in film|1950]])
* ''[[The Flowers of St. Francis|Francesco, giullare di Dio]]'' (1950)
* "Envie, L'Envy" (segment of ''[[The Seven Deadly Sins (1952 film)|Les Sept péchés capitaux]]'') ([[1952 in film|1952]])
* ''[[The Machine to Kill Bad People]]'' (1952)
* ''[[Europe '51|Europa '51]]'' (1952)
* "Ingrid Bergman" (segment from ''[[We, the Women|Siamo donne]]'') ([[1953 in film|1953]])
* "Napoli 1943" (segment from ''[[Mid-Century Loves|Amori di mezzo secolo]]'') ([[1954 in film|1954]])
* ''[[Where Is Freedom?|Dov'è la libertà...?]]'' (1954) - abandoned, completed by studio
* ''[[Journey to Italy|Viaggio in Italia]]'' (1954)
* ''[[Fear (1954 film)|La Paura]]'' (1954)
* ''[[Joan of Arc at the Stake|Giovanna d'Arco al rogo]]'' (1954)
* ''[[India: Matri Bhumi]]'' ([[1959 in film|1959]])
* ''[[General Della Rovere|Il generale Della Rovere]]'' (1959)
* ''[[Escape by Night (1960 film)|Era Notte a Roma]]'' ([[1960 in film|1960]])
* ''[[Garibaldi (film)|Viva l'Italia!]]'' ([[1961 in film|1961]])
* ''[[Vanina Vanini (film)|Vanina Vanini]]'' (1961)
* ''[[Anima nera]]'' ([[1962 in film|1962]])
* "Illibatezza" (segment from ''[[Ro.Go.Pa.G.]]'') ([[1963 in film|1963]])
* ''[[The Night of Counting the Years]]'' ([[1969 in film|1969]]) - producer
* ''Da Gerusalemme a Damasco'' ([[1970 in film|1970]])
* ''[[Anno uno]]'' (1974)
* ''[[The Messiah (1975 film)|Il messia]]'' ([[1975 in film|1975]])
* ''Beaubourg, centre d'art et de culture Georges Pompidou'' ([[1977 in film|1977]])

=== Other work ===

* ''[[Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune]]'' (1937) - lost project
* ''[[Desire (1946 Italian film)|Desire]]'' (1946) - based on incomplete film ''Freight Yard''
* ''L'Invasore'' (1949) - supervisor
* ''[[Rivalry (film)|Rivalità]]'' (1953) - supervisor
* ''Benito Mussolini'' (1962) - producer
* ''[[The Carabineers|Les Carabiniers]]'' (1963) - co-screenwriter
* ''Intervista a Salvador Allende: La forza e la ragione'' (1971) - interviewer

==Television==
Following the critical failure of ''Anima nera'' and his participation in the various artists film ''Ro.Go.Pa.G.'', Rossellini began directing films for TV in 1966 with ''La Prise de pouvoir par Louis XIV'', and continued predominately in the medium until the end of his career in 1977.

'''TV films'''

* ''[[The Taking of Power by Louis XIV|La Prise de pouvoir par Louis XIV]]'' (1966)
* ''Idea di un'isola'' (1967)
* ''[[Socrates (film)|Socrates]]'' (''[[The Philosophers (series)|The Philosophers]]'', [[1971 in film|1971]])<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last1=Silva |first1=Thaís Conconi Silva |url=https://www.13snhct.sbhc.org.br/resources/anais/10/1343767232_ARQUIVO_Trabalho13SNHCT-ThaisConconiSilvaUSP.pdf |title=Análise e reflexão sobre a construção e evolução do pensamento de René Descarte através do olhar cinematográfico de Roberto Rossellini |last2=Táboas |first2=Plínio Zornoff |publisher=Sociedade Brasileira de História da Ciência (SBHC) |year=2012 |series=13º Seminário Nacional de História da Ciência e da Tecnologia}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2009-05-24 |title=DVDs/Crítica: Em cinebiografia de Descartes, Rossellini fala para iniciados - |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/ilustrad/fq2405200912.htm |access-date=2023-02-17 |website=Jornal Folha de São Paulo}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2021-12-01 |title=Rossellini e a vida dos filósofos |url=https://lumine.tv/blog/rossellini-filosofia/ |access-date=2023-03-13 |website=Lumine |language=pt-BR}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Gallagher |first=Tag |title=Roberto Rossellini and Historical Neorealism |url=https://www.artforum.com/print/197506/roberto-rossellini-and-historical-neorealism-37658 |access-date=2023-03-13 |website=Art Forum|date=June 1975 }}</ref>
* ''Rice University'' (1971) - with [[Beppe Cino]]
* [[Blaise Pascal|''Pascal'']] (''The Philosophers'', [[1972 in film|1972]])<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" />
* [[Augustine of Hippo|''Agostino d'Ippona'']] (''The Philosophers'', 1972)<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" />
* ''[[Cartesius]]'' (''The Philosophers'', [[1974 in film|1974]])<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" />
* ''The World Population'' (1974) - with [[Renzo Rossellini (producer)|Renzo Rossellini]]
* ''Concerto per Michelangelo'' (1977)

In addition to his TV movies, he was involved with a number of TV series, as either writer or director.

'''TV series'''

* ''L'India vista da Rossellini'' (1959) - director, mini-series
* ''L'Età del ferro'' (1964) - director, mini-series<ref>{{Cite web |title=Roberto Rossellini |url=https://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft709nb48d&chunk.id=d0e7684&toc.id=&brand=ucpress |access-date=2022-09-12 |website=publishing.cdlib.org}}</ref>
* ''Atti degli apostoli'' (1969) - director, mini-series
* ''La lotta dell'uomo per la sua sopravvivenza'' (1970) - writer
* ''[[The Age of the Medici|L'Età di Cosimo de' Medici]]'' (1973) - director, mini-series

Some sources associate Rossellini with the 1961 ''Torino nei cent'anni'', but the status and completion of the project is unconfirmed.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Brunette |first=Peter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XCdoEAAAQBAJ&dq=Torino+nei+cent'anni+Rossellini&pg=PA241 |title=Roberto Rossellini |date=2022-05-13 |publisher=Univ of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-35937-6 |language=en}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{commons}}
* {{IMDb name|744023}}
* {{Tcmdb name}}
* [https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/10/movies/10ross.html?ex=1320814800&en=21f96c43e19f7785&ei=5088 ''New York Times'': The Elusive Realism of Rossellini]
* [http://www.adrianoapra.it/?p=1320 An Interview with Roberto Rossellini]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304002846/http://www.indianauteur.com/13_june_Rossellini's%20INDIA.php Rossellini's India at Indian Auteur]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111129042148/http://www.cimiteridiroma.it/luoghi/gm_verano.html Geographical coordinates and pictures of his grave]

{{Roberto Rossellini}}
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