Editing Rankin, Texas

{{short description|City in and county seat of Upton County, Texas, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{For|the unincorporated community|Rankin, Ellis County, Texas}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Rankin, Texas
| settlement_type    = [[City]]
| nickname           = 
| motto              = <!-- Images -->
| image_skyline      = Rankin, Texas.jpg
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = Aerial photo of the city
| image_flag         = 
| image_seal         = <!-- Maps -->
| image_map          = TXMap-doton-Rankin.PNG
| mapsize            = 250px
| map_caption        = Location of Rankin, Texas
| image_map1         = Upton County Rankin.svg
| mapsize1           = 250px
| map_caption1       = <!-- Location -->
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = United States
| subdivision_type1  = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Texas]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[List of counties in Texas|County]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Upton County, Texas|Upton]]

<!-- Government -->| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = 
| leader_name        = 
| leader_title1      = 
| leader_name1       = 
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = <!-- Area -->
| unit_pref          = Imperial
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_48.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 7, 2020}}</ref>
| area_magnitude     = 
| area_total_km2     = 2.73
| area_land_km2      = 2.73
| area_water_km2     = 0.00
| area_total_sq_mi   = 1.05
| area_land_sq_mi    = 1.05
| area_water_sq_mi   = 0.00

<!-- Population -->| population_as_of   = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
| population_footnotes = 
| population_total   = 780
| population_density_km2 = auto


<!-- General information -->| timezone           = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
| utc_offset         = -6
| timezone_DST       = CDT
| utc_offset_DST     = -5
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 767
| elevation_ft       = 2516
| coordinates        = {{coord|31|13|28|N|101|56|27|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| postal_code_type   = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code        = 79778
| area_code          = [[Area code 432|432]]
| blank_name         = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info         = 48-60668<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
| blank1_name        = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info        = 1366016<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|access-date=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=2007-10-25}}</ref>
| website            = 
| footnotes          = 
| population_density_sq_mi = auto
}}

'''Rankin''' is a city in and the [[county seat]] of [[Upton County, Texas]], United States.<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|access-date=2011-06-07|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref> Its population was 780 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name=":0" /> It is named after F.E. Rankin, a local rancher. In 2020, only 3,308 people lived in the entire county, and [[McCamey, Texas|McCamey]] was the only larger town. During the early 20th century, the town grew due to the discovery of oil in the nearby [[Yates Oil Field]]. However, following a second [[oil boom]] in the '80s the town saw a decline in its economy and population.

==Geography==
Rankin is located at {{coord|31|13|28|N|101|56|27|W|type:city}} (31.224412, &minus;101.940866).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> The major highways in the city are [[U.S. Route 67 in Texas|U.S. Route 67]], [[Texas State Highway 329]], and [[Texas State Highway 349]].

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of 1.1&nbsp;square miles (2.7&nbsp;km{{sup|2}}), all land.

==History==
The town was founded in 1911, and the post office was built a year later.  In 1921, still a tiny community based around the ranching industry, it was designated the county seat.  Rankin was served by the [[Kansas City, Mexico and Orient Railway]].

The discovery of the [[Yates Oil Field]] in adjacent [[Pecos County, Texas|Pecos County]] in 1926 converted Rankin into a boom town.  Since Rankin was the nearest settlement on a rail line, it became the center for the oil-services industry for the nearby oil fields.  During the Great Depression, the population declined as the [[price of oil]] fell, and as workers moved away to work in newly discovered fields in East Texas and elsewhere; however, a secondary boom occurred in the 1940s with the discovery of the nearby [[Benedum Oil Field]].  A hospital, three new schools, and a library date from this period.  The population has gradually fallen since its secondary peak of 1,278 in 1980.<ref>[https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hjr04 Rankin, Texas in the Handbook of Texas Online]</ref>

In 1990, the Confederate Air Force (later Commemorative Air Force) filmed a famous "Don't Mess with Texas" advertising campaign using the B-17G "Sentimental Journey". later of Airbase Arizona in Mesa, Arizona, near Rankin.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
| 1930 = 935
| 1940 = 672
| 1950 = 1139
| 1960 = 1214
| 1970 = 1105
| 1980 = 1216
| 1990 = 1011
| 2000 = 800
| 2010 = 778
| 2020 = 780
| footnote = U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}

===2020 census===

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Rankin racial composition'''<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4860668&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |access-date=2022-05-19 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><br /> (''NH = Non-Hispanic''){{efn|Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.<ref>https://www.census.gov/ {{nonspecific|date=August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=About the Hispanic Population and its Origin |url=https://www.census.gov/topics/population/hispanic-origin/about.html |website=www.census.gov |access-date=18 May 2022}}</ref>}}
!Race
!Number
!Percentage
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] (NH)
|474
|60.77%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] (NH)
|11
|1.41%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] (NH)
|3
|0.38%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] (NH)
|2
|0.26%
|-
|Some Other Race (NH)
|1
|0.13%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed/multiracial]] (NH)
|32
|4.1%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]]
|257
|32.95%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''780'''
|
|}
As of the [[2020 United States census]], 780 people, 352 households, and 245 families were residing in the city.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000,  800 people, 308 households, and 231 families resided in the city. The population density was {{convert|752|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The 374 housing units averaged 351.5 per square mile (136.2/km{{sup|2}}). The [[Race (United States Census)|racial makeup]] of the city was 84.00% White, 2.50% African American, 0.50% Native American, 12.00% from other races, and 1.00% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 26.88% of the population.

Of the 308 households, 32.5% had children under 18 living with them, 60.7% were married couples living together, 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.0% were not families; 23.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.6% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.58, and the average family size was 3.03.

In the city, the age distribution was 26.5% under  18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 23.4% from 25 to 44, 26.3% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% who were 65 or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.2 males. For every 100 females 18 and over, there were 92.2 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $36,528, and for a family was $41,250. Males had a median income of $36,250 versus $19,563 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $16,047. About 15.7% of families and 16.9% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 24.6% of those under age 18 and 15.3% of those age 65 or over.

==Education==

The city of Rankin is served by the [[Rankin Independent School District]]. The district has two schools: [[Rankin High School (Texas)|Rankin High School]] (Red Devils) and James D. Gossett Elementary.<ref>[http://www.rankin.esc18.net/ Rankin ISD] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070405173950/http://www.rankin.esc18.net/ |date=2007-04-05 }} website</ref>

==Climate==
Rankin experiences a semiarid climate with hot summers and cool winters.
{{Weather box
|location = Rankin, Texas.
|single line = Y
|Jan record high F = 85
|Feb record high F = 87
|Mar record high F = 96
|Apr record high F = 99
|May record high F = 103
|Jun record high F = 109
|Jul record high F = 108
|Aug record high F = 105
|Sep record high F = 106
|Oct record high F = 101
|Nov record high F = 90
|Dec record high F = 82
|year record high F= 109
|Jan high F = 59.2
|Feb high F = 64.0
|Mar high F = 73.0
|Apr high F = 81.3
|May high F = 87.4
|Jun high F = 93.4
|Jul high F = 95.4
|Aug high F = 93.5
|Sep high F = 87.4
|Oct high F = 79.1
|Nov high F = 68.5
|Dec high F = 61.0
|year high F= 78.6
|Jan low F = 31.5
|Feb low F = 35.0
|Mar low F = 43.6
|Apr low F = 52.8
|May low F = 59.9
|Jun low F = 66.9
|Jul low F = 69.8
|Aug low F = 68.4
|Sep low F = 62.8
|Oct low F = 53.0
|Nov low F = 41.8
|Dec low F = 33.6
|year low F= 51.6
|Jan record low F = 3
|Feb record low F = 8
|Mar record low F = 10
|Apr record low F = 24
|May record low F = 36
|Jun record low F = 45
|Jul record low F = 58
|Aug record low F = 57
|Sep record low F = 42
|Oct record low F = 27
|Nov record low F = 12
|Dec record low F = 6
|year record low F= 3
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.45
|Feb precipitation inch = 0.67
|Mar precipitation inch = 0.44
|Apr precipitation inch = 0.96
|May precipitation inch = 2.18
|Jun precipitation inch = 1.36
|Jul precipitation inch = 0.96
|Aug precipitation inch = 2.27
|Sep precipitation inch = 3.29
|Oct precipitation inch = 1.84
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.74
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.50
|year precipitation inch= 15.66
|source 1 = The Western Regional Climate Center<ref name="WRCC">{{cite web
| url =http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?tx7431| title =Seasonal Temperature and Precipitation Information | access-date =April 1, 2013 | publisher =Western Regional Climate Center }}</ref>
|date=April 2013
}}


==See also==
{{portal|Texas}}
* [[List of municipalities in Texas]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist|22em}}

==External links==
{{commons category-inline|Rankin, Texas}}


{{Upton County, Texas}}
{{Texas county seats}}

{{authority control}}


[[Category:Cities in Upton County, Texas]]
[[Category:Cities in Texas]]
[[Category:County seats in Texas]]