Editing Putten

{{Other}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
<!-- Name and transliteration -->
| name                    = Putten
| settlement_type         = [[Dorp (town)|Town]] and [[List of municipalities of the Netherlands|municipality]]
<!-- Images, nickname, motto -->
| image_skyline           = Huize Groot Spriel.jpg
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = Groot Spriel
| image_flag              = Putten vlag.svg
| flag_size               = 100x67px
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Putten gelderland.svg
| shield_size             = 100x80px
| shield_alt              = 
<!-- Maps, coordinates -->
| image_map               = Map - NL - Municipality code 0273 (2009).svg
| map_alt                 = Highlighted position of Putten in a municipal map of Gelderland
| map_caption             = Location in Gelderland
| coordinates             = {{coord|52|16|N|5|36|E|region:NL|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Netherlands]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Provinces of the Netherlands|Province]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Gelderland]]
| government_footnotes    = <ref name="mayor_now">{{cite web 
 |url = http://www.putten.nl/Bestuur/College_van_B_W/Samenstelling/Burgemeester_H_A_Lambooij
 |title = Burgemeester H.A. Lambooij
 |trans-title=Mayor H.A. Lambooij
 |language = nl
 |publisher = Gemeente Putten
 |access-date = 17 June 2014}}</ref>
| governing_body          = [[Municipal council (Netherlands)|Municipal council]]
| leader_party            = [[Reformed Political Party|SGP]]
| leader_title            = [[Burgemeester|Mayor]]
| leader_name             = [[Henk Lambooij]]
<!-- Geographic information -->
| unit_pref               = Metric
<!-- ALL fields with measurements have automatic unit conversion -->
<!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_footnotes          = <ref>{{Dutch municipality total area|dataref}}</ref>
<!-- square kilometers -->
| area_total_km2          = {{Dutch municipality total area|Putten}}
| area_land_km2           = {{Dutch municipality land area|Putten}}
| area_water_km2          = {{Dutch municipality water area|Putten}}
| elevation_footnotes     = <ref name="AHN">{{cite web 
 |url = http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool
 |title = Postcodetool for 3881BZ
 |language = nl
 |author = <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> 
 |work = Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland
 |publisher = Het Waterschapshuis
 |access-date = 17 June 2014}}</ref>
| elevation_m             = 17
| elevation_max_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_max_m         =
| elevation_min_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_min_m         =
<!-- Population, demographics -->
| population_footnotes    = <ref>{{Dutch municipality population|dataref}}</ref>
| population_total        = {{Dutch municipality population|Putten}}
| population_as_of        = {{MONTHNAME|{{Dutch municipality population|popbasemonth}}}} {{Dutch municipality population|popbaseyear}}
| population_density_km2  = {{Dutch municipality population density|Putten}} <!-- For automatic calculation: auto-->
| population_demonym      = Puttenaar
<!-- Other information -->
| timezone                = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset              = +1
| timezone_DST            = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST          = +2
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal codes in the Netherlands|Postcode]]
| postal_code             = 3880–3882
| area_code_type          = [[Telephone numbers in the Netherlands|Area code]]
| area_code               = 0341
| website                 = {{URL|1=http://www.putten.nl}}
| footnotes               =
}}
[[File:Gem-Putten-OpenTopo.jpg|265px|thumb|''Dutch Topographic map of the municipality of Putten, June 2015'']]

'''Putten''' ({{IPA|nl|ˈpʏtə(n)|-|Nl-Putten.ogg}}) is a [[List of municipalities of the Netherlands|municipality]] and [[Dorp (town)|town]] in the [[Provinces of the Netherlands|province]] of [[Gelderland]], [[Netherlands]]. It had a population of 
{{formatnum:{{Dutch municipality population|Putten}}}} in {{YEAR|{{Dutch municipality population|popbaseyear}}}}. It is located in the coastal area of the old [[Zuiderzee]] (Southern Sea). To the east of Putten lies the [[Veluwe]], the biggest national park of the Netherlands. To the north, east and west, Putten is surrounded by farmlands.

==Population centres==
{{columns-list|colwidth=12em|
* Bijsteren
* Diermen
* Gerven
* Halvinkhuizen
* Hell
* Hoef
* Huinen
* Koudhoorn
* Krachtighuizen
* Putten
* Steenenkamer
* Veenhuizerveld.
}}
== History ==

===Until World War II===

The oldest official paper in which Putten is mentioned dates back to 855. Small settlements, however, were already in existence during the Roman era. After the founding of the present main church in the 10th century, the community became the center of several smaller settlements. Parts of [[Nijkerk]] and [[Voorthuizen]] also became part of the Putten area, until in 1530 Nijkerk, and later also Voorthuizen, became independent communities.

Until 1356, when a dyke was built, the coastline changed frequently, overflowing agricultural land in the west of Putten. The water was still a threat however, and the dyke broke through several times. The last major flood was in 1916, when large parts of Putten were flooded. After the [[Afsluitdijk]] was built in the north of the Netherlands, the Zuiderzee became a lake (1927–1933) and no longer posed a threat.

Agriculture has always been a major source of income in Putten. The manufacturing of paper was also important in the 17th to 19th centuries. From the end of the 19th century tourism emerged, helped by the arrival of the railway in 1863. This made it easier for people from other towns to holiday in the boarding houses that Putten had built. Among those people from elsewhere were also patients who suffered from [[tuberculosis]] and similar diseases. They benefited from the sunlight and clean air and recuperated in several [[sanatoria]].

Putten has suffered considerably from military violence. During the 15th, 16th and 17th century Putten was burned down on at least five occasions.

[[Image:Vrouwtje van Putten Herdenkingshof Dorpsstraat OudeRijksweg Putten2.JPG|thumb|200px|Vrouwtje van Putten Herdenkingshof (Lady of Putten Memorial Garden).]]
[[Image:War monument church Putten.png|thumb|200px|War memorial at the church of Putten.]]
[[File:Kz-gedenkstätte-neuengamme-gedenkhain-gedenkstein-deportierte-putten.JPG|thumb|Hamburg, Memorial of Neuengamme concentration camp: memorial area, memorial stone on Putten. In memory of the victims of the deportation 1944.]]

=== World War II ===
{{main|Putten raid}}
One of the biggest [[Nazi]] raids held in the Netherlands during [[World War II]] took place in Putten.  On 1 and 2 October 1944, the majority of the male population was deported from the town and most of them died in [[concentration camp]]s such as [[Neuengamme concentration camp|Neuengamme]] and [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Birkenau]].  Following the war, two of the responsible German officers were tried and convicted for this action.  The raids were a retaliation for an attack by the local resistance that killed one [[Wehrmacht]] officer near [[Nijkerk]].  The first and second of October are commemorated every year in Putten. A war memorial at Putten Church and a memorial garden (''Vrouwtje van Putten Herdenkingshof'') commemorate the event and the loss of life.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| Total number of men deported 
| 661
|-
| Released in Amersfoort
| 59
|-
| Deported to Neuengamme
| 602  
|-
| Jumped out of the train on the way to Neuengamme
| 13
|-
| Arrived in Neuengamme
| 589
|-
| Returned to Putten after liberation
| 49
|-
| Died in German concentration camps
| 540
|-
| Killed during the raid
| 7
|-
| Died shortly after the return
| 5
|-
| Total number of deaths
| 552
|}

==Economy==

Today agriculture is still important in Putten, but the service sector now predominates. There are considerable numbers of shops, and tourism is important. Tourists are attracted by the varied landscape and the beach at the Ring Lake (Strand Nulde). Every Wednesday there is a produce and food market that is the biggest in the northwest [[Veluwe]] area.

==Transport==

Putten lies next to the A28 highway that connects Utrecht with the north. The town has a train [[Putten railway station|station]] on the line between Utrecht and Zwolle. There are also bus connections.

== Notable people ==

* [[Hendrik van Boeijen]] (1889–1947), politician
* [[Danielle Goldstein]] (born 1985), American-Israeli show jumper, lives in Putten
* [[Ummet Ozcan]] (born 1982), Dutch–Turkish DJ and record producer 
* [[Sander Duits]] (born 1983), footballer with about 400 club caps who plays for [[SDC Putten]]
* [[Tjarda Struik]] (born 1986), politician and ''blindfluencer''

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode=packed>
File:Buorren Putten by de tsjerke 1.JPG|Buorren Putten by de tsjerke
File:Kasteel Oldenaller3.jpg|Kasteel Oldenaller
File:Herikon.jpg|de Herikon, Putten
File:Vanenburg.jpg|Kasteel de Vanenburg
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|http://www.putten.nl}}
*[http://www.oktober44.nl/html/stichting_oktober_44_-_engels.html Website ''Stichting Oktober 44'' (war crime)]
{{Commons category|Putten, Gelderland|position=right}}

{{Geographic location
 | Centre    = Putten
 | Northeast = [[Ermelo, Netherlands|Ermelo]]
 | Southeast = [[Barneveld (municipality)|Barneveld]]
 | Southwest = [[Nijkerk]]
 | Northwest = [[Zeewolde]], [[Flevoland]]
}}
{{Gelderland Province}}
{{Authority control}}

<!-- WW2 categories moved to main article: [[Putten raid]] -->

[[Category:Putten| ]]
[[Category:Municipalities of Gelderland]]
[[Category:Populated places in Gelderland]]