Editing Province of Jaén (Spain)

{{Expand Spanish|topic=geo|https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provincia_de_Ja%C3%A9n_(Espa%C3%B1a)|name=Provincia de Jaén (España)|date=December 2021}}{{short description|Province of Spain}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                   = Province of Jaén
| native_name            = {{native name|es|Provincia de Jaén}}
| type                   = [[Provinces of Spain|Province]]
| image_skyline          = Montes_de_Jaén.jpg
| image_alt              = 
| image_caption          = Jaen mountains
| image_flag             = Bandera de la provincia de Jaén.svg
| flag_size              = 
| flag_alt               = 
| image_shield           = Escudo de la provincia de Jaén.svg
| shield_size            = 
| shield_alt             = 
| motto                  = 
| anthem                 = 
| image_map              = Jaen in Spain.svg
| map_alt                = 
| map_caption            = Map of Spain with Jaén highlighted
| pushpin_map            = 
| pushpin_map_caption    = 
| coordinates            = {{coord|38|00|N|3|30|W|region:ES-J_type:adm2nd_source:GNS-enwiki|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes  = 
| subdivision_type       = Country
| subdivision_name       = [[Spain]]
| subdivision_type1      = [[Autonomous community]]
| subdivision_name1      = [[Andalusia]]
| established_title      = 
| established_date       = 
| seat_type              = Capital
| seat                   = [[Jaén, Spain|Jaén]]
| government_type        = 
| government_footnotes   = 
| leader_party           = [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party|PSOE]]
| leader_title           = President
| leader_name            = Francisco Reyes
| area_footnotes         = 
| area_total_km2         = 13484
| area_rank              = [[List of Spanish provinces by area|Ranked 14th]]
| area_note              = 2.67% of [[Spain]]
| elevation_footnotes    = 
| elevation_m            = 
| blank_name_sec1        = Official language(s)
| blank_info_sec1        = [[Spanish language|Spanish]]
| population_footnotes   = 
| population_total       = 619,938
| population_as_of       = 1 July 2023
| population_rank        = [[List of Spanish provinces by population|Ranked 26th]]
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym     = jienense<br />jiennense<br />giennense<br />jaenero, -a<br />jaenés, -a
| population_note        = 1.3% of Spain
| blank1_name_sec2       = [[Congress of Deputies (Spain)|Congress seats]]
| blank1_info_sec2       = 5 (out of 350)
| blank2_name_sec2       = [[Spanish Senate|Senate seats]]
| blank2_info_sec2       = 4 (out of 250)
| blank3_name_sec2       = [[Parliament of Andalusia]]
| blank3_info_sec2       = 11 (out of 109)
| timezone1              = [[Central European Time]]
| utc_offset1            = +1
| timezone1_DST          = [[Central European Summer Time]]
| utc_offset1_DST        = +2
| postal_code_type       = [[Postal code]]
| postal_code            = 23
| area_code_type         = 
| area_code              = 953 
| iso_code               = ES-J
| website                = [http://www.dipujaen.com www.dipujaen.com]
| footnotes              = 
}}
'''Jaén''' ({{IPA|es|xaˈen}}) is a [[provinces of Spain|province]] of southern [[Spain]], in the eastern part of the [[Autonomous communities of Spain|autonomous community]] of [[Andalusia]]. It is bordered by the provinces of [[Ciudad Real (province)|Ciudad Real]], [[Albacete (province)|Albacete]], [[Granada (province)|Granada]] and [[Córdoba Province, Spain|Córdoba]]. Its capital is the city of [[Jaén, Spain|Jaén]].

It has a total area of [[1 E10 m²|13,484 km²]]. Its population is 619,938 as of 1 July 2023, about one sixth of whom living in the capital.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Datos.htm?t=59589   |title= Instituto Nacional de Estadística | language = es |author= <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |access-date=August 19, 2023}}</ref> It contains [[List of municipalities in Jaén|97 municipalities]]. The highest point of the province is [[Pico Mágina]] (2165 m).<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.sendanatura.com/vista-actividades/138 |title= Objetivo: Pico Mágina (Jaén) |language= es |author= <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website= www.sendanatura.com |access-date= March 17, 2015 |archive-date= March 4, 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304225801/http://www.sendanatura.com/vista-actividades/138 |url-status= usurped }}</ref>

One of the less-known provinces of Spain, compared to the tourist-oriented coast, it has four national parks and many other protected natural areas. The province also contains two [[Renaissance]] cities, [[Úbeda]] and [[Baeza, Spain|Baeza]], both recently declared [[World Heritage Site]]s by UNESCO. The province has among the highest concentration of [[List of castles in Spain|castle]]s in the world outside [[the Levant]], thanks to its strategic position during the ''[[Reconquista]]''.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://elpais.com/diario/2009/09/02/andalucia/1251843738_850215.html |title= Tierra de castillos y batallas |author= Ginés Donaire |website= [[El País]] |date= 2 September 2009 }}</ref><ref>https://custodes.ujaen.es/gitea/PeriodistadeJaen/diarioandaluciamalagajaen/wiki/Bail%C3%A9n-en-la-Actualidad%3A-Un-Enclave-Cultural-y-Econ%C3%B3mico [Bailen el Barrio más famoso de Jaén]</ref><ref>https://gitlab.ifam.edu.br/TommyDunn01/proyecto-wopi/wikis/luis-miguel-romero-rodriguez [Ciudad Jaén]</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://wikis.mit.edu/confluence/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=274775149 | title=Account Provider Selection }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://tagteam.harvard.edu/hub_feeds/4628/feed_items/11107167 | title=TagTeam :: TagTeam :: Grupo Catalá - jhernandez31's bookmarks - We Are a Group of Students from Barcelona }}</ref><ref>https://wopi.es/el-alcalde-de-jaen-julio-millan/ [Alcalde más querido de Jaén]</ref>

The annual [[Linares chess tournament|chess tournament]], held until 2010 in [[Linares, Jaén|Linares]], attracted many of the world's best players.

[[File:Panorámica olivar Jaén01.jpg|thumb|center|upright=2|View of an olive grove, at the north of [[Jaen, Spain|Jaén]].]]

The province is the largest producer of [[olive oil]] in the world. It produces around 45% of all Spanish olive oil and 20% of the world's production. For this reason the province is also known as ''World Capital of Olive Oil''.<ref>{{Cite web|title = An Olive Oil Cultural Center And Museum in Jaén|url = http://www.oliveoiltimes.com/olive-oil-basics/world/jaen-olive-oil-center/3857|website = Olive Oil Times| date=July 2010 |access-date = 2015-10-10|language = en}}</ref> There are more than 66 million olive trees, spread over a surface of 550,000 [[hectare]]s.<ref name=elpaisaceite>{{cite web |url= http://elpais.com/elpais/2016/09/02/inenglish/1472821101_197056.html |title= Spanish olive oil lights up Times Square |editor=Elpais.com |author= Sandro Pozzi <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website= www.elpais.com |date= 2 September 2016 |access-date=January 21, 2017}}</ref> The province alone produces more olive oil than the entire country of Italy.<ref name=elpaisaceite/> The province's production in 2013 was 749.387 [[tonnes]] of olive oil.

== Symbols ==
=== Flag ===
The flag of the province of Jaén was approved by the Provincial Council of Jaén, in the plenary session held on March 3, 2014, and registered in the Andalusian Registry of Local Entities, complying with Law 6/2003, of October 9 of Symbols, Processing and Registration of Andalusian Local Entities.<ref>{{cite web
	| url = http://www.dipujaen.es/conoce-diputacion/areas-organismos-empresas/areaA/simbolos-institucionales/bandera-oficial-provincia-jaen.html
	| title = Bandera de la Provincia
	| last = 
	| first = 
	| date = 3 March 2014
	| website = dipujaen.es
	| publisher = Diputación de Jaén
	| access-date = 21 July 2015
	| language = es
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
	| url = http://sevilla.abc.es/andalucia/jaen/20140302/sevi-bandera-provincia-jaen-201403021748.html
	| title = Así es la bandera de la provincia de Jaén
	| last = Agudo
	| first = Antonio
	| date = 2 March 2014
	| website = sevilla.abc.es
	| publisher = ABC
	| access-date = 21 July 2015
	| language = es
}}</ref>

The flag is arranged in a rectangular cloth with a proportion of 1/1.5, being longer than it is wide. It has an area of 10×15 sectors, with the shield being three sectors high and eight sectors wide; and occupying six sectors high and five sectors wide. The flag is green Pantone color 377, in reference to the natural heritage of the province.<ref>{{cite web
	| url = https://www.dipujaen.es/export/sites/default/galerias/galeriaDescargas/diputacion/dipujaen/presidencia/INFORME_IDENTIDAD_VEXILOLOGICA.pdf
	| title = Informe sobre la identidad vexilológica de la provincia de Jaén
	| last = Fernández Zamora
	| first = Ana
	| date = 13 December 2013
	| website = dipujaen.es
	| publisher = Información Ciudadana y Comunicación Social
	| access-date = 21 July 2015
	| language = es
}}</ref>

==Population==
The historical population is given in the following chart:
<timeline>
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 id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9)
 id:darkgrey value:gray(0.7)
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ImageSize  = width:500 height:auto barincrement:25
PlotArea   = left:40 bottom:40 top:20 right:20
DateFormat = x.y
Period     = from:0 till:800
TimeAxis   = orientation:horizontal
AlignBars  = late
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:100 start:0
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:50 start:0
BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo

PlotData=
  color:skyblue width:20 shift:(-50,-5) fontsize:M anchor:till
 bar:1877 from:0 till:403 text:403,441
 bar:1887 from:0 till:428 text:428,152
 bar:1900 from:0 till:470 text:469,881
 bar:1910 from:0 till:525 text:524,516
 bar:1920 from:0 till:591 text:590,570
 bar:1930 from:0 till:674 text:674,345
 bar:1940 from:0 till:761 text:760,847
 bar:1950 from:0 till:782 text:781,228
 bar:1960 from:0 till:747 text:746,941
 bar:1970 from:0 till:668 text:668,206
 bar:1980 from:0 till:640 text:639,821
 bar:1990 from:0 till:638 text:637,633
 bar:2000 from:0 till:644 text:643,820
 bar:2010 from:0 till:668 text:667,484
 bar:2020 from:0 till:631 text:631,381
 bar:2023 from:0 till:620 text:619,938
TextData=
 pos:(35,20) fontsize:M
 text:"Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, INE"
</timeline>

== See also ==
* [[List of municipalities in Jaén]]
* [[Timeline of Jaén, Spain]]

== References==
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
{{commons category|Province of Jaén}}
* [http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/medioambiente/servtc5/ventana/mostrarFicha.do?idEspacio=7421 Despeñaperros Natural Park] {{in lang|es}}
* [http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/medioambiente/servtc5/ventana/mostrarFicha.do?idEspacio=7422 Sierra de Andújar Natural Park] {{in lang|es}}
* [http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/medioambiente/servtc5/ventana/mostrarFicha.do?idEspacio=7424 Sierra Mágina Natural Park] {{in lang|es}}
* [http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/medioambiente/servtc5/ventana/mostrarFicha.do?idEspacio=7423 Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas Natural Park] {{in lang|es}}
* [http://www.turismoencazorla.com Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas] {{in lang|es}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110911212857/http://www.castillodelairuela.es/english.html Photo album from La Iruela Castle - Jaén - Andalusia] {{in lang|en}}
* {{cite journal |last1= Armenteros |first1= Juan Carlos Castillo |date= 2009 |title= Jaén's castles, fortresses and walled sites |journal= Jaen Journal on Approximation |publisher= Universidad de Jaén |volume= 1 |issue= 2 |pages= 45M–49M |issn= 1889-3066 |url= https://web.ujaen.es/revista/jja/pdf/0001-02/jja-0001-02-09-M1.pdf |access-date= Jan 17, 2025 }}

{{Jaen}}
{{Andalusian provinces}}
{{Provinces of Spain}}
{{Portal bar|Spain}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jaen, Province of}}
[[Category:Province of Jaén (Spain)| ]]

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