Editing Promachus

In [[Greek mythology]] and [[History of Greece|history]], '''Promachus''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|p|r|ɒ|m|ə|k|ə|s}}; [[Ancient Greek]]: Πρόμαχος; [[English language|English translation]]: "who leads in battle" or "champion"<ref>Robin Hard. ''The Routledge Handbook of Greek Mythology (2004)''<br /></ref>) is a name that refers to several different people.

''Mythology''

*Promachus, son of [[Aeson]]. King of [[Iolcus]], and [[Alcimede]] or [[Amphinome]]. He was killed by [[Pelias]] along with his father, while his older brother, [[Jason]], searched for the [[Golden Fleece]].<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]], 4.50.2; [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+1.9.27&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:chapter=&highlight=Promachus 1.9.27]</ref>
*Promachus, son of [[Parthenopaeus]] and one of the [[Epigoni]], who attacked the city of [[Thebes, Greece|Thebes]] to avenge their fathers, the [[Seven against Thebes]], who died attempting the same thing. Promachus died in the attack, and was buried nearby at Teumessus.<ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+9.19.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:chapter=&highlight=Promachus 9.19.2]</ref>
*Promachus, son of [[Alegenor]], from [[Boeotia]], a [[Achaeans (Homer)|Greek]] warrior in the ''[[Iliad]]'' who was killed by [[Acamas (son of Antenor)|Acamas]].<ref>[[Homer]], ''[[Iliad]]'' 14.475–505</ref>
*Promachus, son of [[Heracles]] and [[Psophis (mythology)|Psophis]], brother of [[Echephron]].<ref>Pausanias, [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.8.24.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:chapter=&highlight=Promachus 8.24.2]</ref>
*Promachus, one of the [[Suitors of Penelope|Suitors]] of [[Penelope]] from [[Homer's Ithaca|Ithaca]] along with 11 other wooers.<ref>Apollodorus, [[Epitome]] [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+Epit.+E.7.30&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:chapter=&highlight=Promachus 7.30]</ref> He, with the other suitors, was killed by [[Odysseus]] with the assistance of [[Eumaeus]], [[Philoetius (Odyssey)|Philoetius]], and [[Telemachus]].<ref name=":1">Apollodorus, Epitome 7.33</ref>
*Promachus of [[Knossos]], who was desperate to win the love of the handsome youth Leucocomas. He risked his life facing various challenges to win notable prizes, but Leucocomas remained indifferent. Finally, Promachus won a famous helmet for a prize and put it on the head of another youth in the presence of Leucocomas: the latter was overcome with jealousy and stabbed himself.<ref>[[Conon (mythographer)|Conon]], ''Narrations'' 15</ref>
*The name Promachus, "the champion", also occurs as a surname of [[Athena]] in [[Athens]], [[Heracles]] at [[Ancient Thebes (Boeotia)|Thebes]],<ref>Pausanias, [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+9.11.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160 9.11.2]</ref> and of [[Hermes]] at [[Tanagra]].<ref>Pausanias, [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+9.22.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:chapter=&highlight=Champion 9.22.2]</ref>

''History''

*[[Promachus of Macedon]], a common soldier who died of alcohol abuse.
*[[Promachus of Pellene]], a pankration champion.

==Other uses==
*[[Promachus (fly)|''Promachus'' (fly)]], a genus of flies
*[[173117 Promachus]], Jupiter Trojan asteroid

==Notes==
{{reflist|2}}

== References ==

* [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], ''The Library'' with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. ISBN 0-674-99135-4. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0022 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.] [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0021 Greek text available from the same website].
* [[Conon (mythographer)|Conon]]'', Fifty Narrations, surviving as one-paragraph summaries in the Bibliotheca (Library) of Photius, Patriarch of Constantinople'' translated from the Greek by Brady Kiesling. [https://topostext.org/work/489 Online version at the Topos Text Project.]
*[[Diodorus Siculus]], ''[[Bibliotheca historica|The Library of History]]'' translated by [[Charles Henry Oldfather]]. Twelve volumes. [[Loeb Classical Library]]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989. Vol. 3. Books 4.59&ndash;8. [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/home.html Online version at Bill Thayer's Web Site]
* Diodorus Siculus, ''Bibliotheca Historica. Vol 1-2''. Immanel Bekker. Ludwig Dindorf. Friedrich Vogel. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1888–1890. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0540 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
* Hard, Robin, ''The Routledge Handbook of Greek Mythology: Based on H.J. Rose's "Handbook of Greek Mythology"'', Psychology Press, 2004, {{ISBN|9780415186360}}. [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC Google Books].
*[[Homer]], [[Iliad|''The Iliad'']] with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, Ph.D. in two volumes. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. {{ISBN|978-0674995796|}}. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0134 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.]
*Homer, ''Homeri Opera'' in five volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1920. {{ISBN|978-0198145318|}}. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0133 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
*[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], ''Description of Greece'' with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. {{ISBN|0-674-99328-4}}. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0160 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library]
* Pausanias, ''Graeciae Descriptio.'' ''3 vols''. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903.  [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0159 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library].

{{Characters in the Iliad}}
{{Greek myth index}}

[[Category:Family of Athamas]]
[[Category:Epigoni]]
[[Category:Children of Heracles]]
[[Category:Heracleidae]]
[[Category:Achaeans (Homer)]]
[[Category:Suitors of Penelope]]
[[Category:Mythological Ithacans]]
[[Category:Mythological Iolcians]]
[[Category:Epithets of Heracles]]