Editing Posen, Illinois

{{For|the unincorporated community in Washington County|Posen, Washington County, Illinois}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
| name                    = Posen, Illinois
| native_name             = 
| native_name_lang        = <!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead -->
| settlement_type         = [[List of towns and villages in Illinois|Village]]
| image_skyline           = 
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = 
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_seal              = Posen Coat of Arms.png
| seal_type               = coat of arms
| seal_alt                = 
| image_shield            = 
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = "Peace – Pride – Progress"
| image_map = File:Cook County Illinois Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Posen Highlighted.svg
| mapsize = 260px
| map_caption = Location of Posen in Cook County, Illinois.
| pushpin_map = United States Chicago Greater#Illinois#USA
| pushpin_relief = yes
| pushpin_label = Posen
| coordinates             = {{coord|41|37|42|N|87|41|9|W|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = Country
| subdivision_name        = {{US}}
| subdivision_type1       = State
| subdivision_name1       = Illinois
| subdivision_type2       = [[County (United States)|County]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Cook County, Illinois|Cook]]
| subdivision_type3       = [[Civil township|Township]]
| subdivision_name3       = [[Bremen Township, Cook County, Illinois|Bremen]], [[Thornton Township, Cook County, Illinois|Thornton]]
| established_title       = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
| established_date        = 1900
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = 
| seat                    = 
| government_footnotes    = 
| government_type         = 
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = [[President (government title)#Sub-national|President]]
| leader_name             = Frank A. Podbielniak
| leader_title1           = 
| leader_name1            = 
| unit_pref               = Imperial
| area_footnotes          = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_17.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=March 15, 2022}}</ref>
| area_urban_footnotes    = <!-- <ref> </re> -->
| area_rural_footnotes    = <!-- <ref> </re> -->
| area_metro_footnotes    = <!-- <ref> </re> -->
| area_magnitude          = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink -->
| area_note               = 
| area_water_percent      = 0
| area_rank               = 
| area_blank1_title       = 
| area_blank2_title       = <!-- square miles -->
| area_total_sq_mi        = 1.17
| area_land_sq_mi         = 1.17
| area_water_sq_mi        = 0.00
| area_urban_sq_mi        = 
| area_rural_sq_mi        = 
| area_metro_sq_mi        = 
| area_blank1_sq_mi       = 
| area_blank2_sq_mi       = <!-- acres -->
| area_total_acre         = 
| area_land_acre          = 
| area_water_acre         = 
| area_urban_acre         = 
| area_rural_acre         = 
| area_metro_acre         = 
| area_blank1_acre        = 
| area_blank2_acre        = 
| length_mi               = 
| width_mi                = 
| dimensions_footnotes    = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_ft            = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 5632
| population_as_of        = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_density_sq_mi = 4817.79
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| timezone1               = 
| utc_offset1             = 
| timezone1_DST           = 
| utc_offset1_DST         = 
| postal_code_type        = [[ZIP code|<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ZIP code(s)</span>]]
| postal_code             = 60469
| area_code_type          = [[North American Numbering Plan|<span style="white-space:nowrap;">Area code(s)</span>]]
| area_code               = 708
| iso_code                = 
| geocode                 = 
| website                 = {{URL|www.villageofposen.org}}
| footnotes               = <!-- demographics (section 1) -->
| demographics_type1      = 
| demographics1_footnotes = 
| demographics1_title1    = 
| demographics1_info1     = 
| demographics1_title2    = 
| demographics1_info2     = 
|pop_est_as_of = 
|pop_est_footnotes = 
|population_est = 
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standards|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 17-61314
|area_total_km2 = 3.03
|area_land_km2 = 3.03
|area_water_km2 = 0.00
|population_density_km2 = 1860.12
}}

'''Posen''' is a village in [[Cook County, Illinois]], United States. Posen is the [[German language]] name for the western Polish city of [[Poznań]]. The population of the village was 5,632 at the 2020 census.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Posen village, Illinois|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US1761314|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=January 30, 2022}}</ref>

==Geography==
Posen is located at {{coord|41|37|42|N|87|41|9|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline}} (41.628234, -87.685723).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>

According to the 2010 census, Posen has a total area of {{convert|1.17|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all land.<ref name="census-g001">{{cite web
  |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US1761314
  |title=G001 - Geographic Identifiers - 2010 Census Summary File 1
  |access-date=December 25, 2015
  |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]
  |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213040959/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US1761314
  |archive-date=February 13, 2020
  |url-status=dead
  }}</ref>

==History==
{{More citations needed section|date=April 2012}}
The area that is now Posen was settled by farmers, mainly of [[Dutch people|Dutch]] and [[Germans|German]] origin, in the second half of the 19th century. In 1893 a [[Chicago]]-based real estate firm hired 75 agents in the Polish-speaking areas of Germany to sell land to [[Polish people|Poles]] seeking to emigrate to the United States. Over the next few years the village emerged as a place largely inhabited by factory workers, mainly employed at nearby [[Harvey, Illinois|Harvey]], who also had room on their lots for gardens. In 1894 the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago]] established a mission to serve the Polish residents of Posen, which was elevated to [[parish (Catholic Church)|parish]] status as St. Stanislaus the Martyr in 1898 (the church permanently closed in 2022).

In the 1930s the population of Posen was 98% of Polish origin, and in 1960 only 0.1% of the population was identified in the census as being not white, or 4 of the 4,513 inhabitants. In 1963 there were 7% black students that attended the Posen School. In 1990 Posen, having fallen to 4,226 inhabitants, was still 94.5% white, a large portion of this population being Polish. About 4% of the population identified as being both white and Hispanic, for an overall 7.3% or 310 people identifying as being Hispanic. In 2010 3,171 residents of Posen identified as [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic]],<ref name="Census 2010 DP">{{cite web| url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/1600000US1761314| archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212143247/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/1600000US1761314| url-status=dead| archive-date=February 12, 2020| title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Posen village, Illinois| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| access-date=March 19, 2013}}</ref> representing the expansion of the Hispanic population to 10 times what it had been 20 years before (or an increase of more than 900% over 10 years). In the same time period the number of African American residents of the village increased from 60 (or 1.4% of the population) to 1,035. This means that the percentage rate of growth of the African American population of Posen over the last 20 years has been greater than that of the Hispanic population. While as late as 2004 the ''Encyclopedia of Chicago'' still referred to Posen as "predominantly Polish American"<ref>Larry A. McClellan, "Posen" in ''Encyclopedia of Chicago'' (Chicago: The Newberry Library, 2004) accessed at http://encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/998.html on January 7, 2012</ref> even then an actual examination of the 2000 census ancestry report would have shown that only a quarter of the population claimed to have Polish ancestry.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1910= 343
|1920= 947
|1930= 1329
|1940= 1386
|1950= 1795
|1960= 4517
|1970= 5498
|1980= 4642
|1990= 4226
|2000= 4730
|2010= 5987
|2020= 5632
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.html|title=Decennial Census of Population and Housing by Decades|publisher=[[US Census Bureau]]|access-date=}}</ref><br> 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2/> 2020<ref name=2020CensusP2/>
}}As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US1761314 |access-date=June 28, 2022 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> there were 5,632 people, 1,796 households, and 1,186 families residing in the village. The population density was {{Convert|4,817.79|PD/sqmi|PD/km2}}. There were 1,920 housing units at an average density of {{Convert|1,642.43|/sqmi|/km2}}. The racial makeup of the village was 26.35% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 16.44% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 2.41% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.60% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.05% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 38.81% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 15.32% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 61.40% of the population.

There were 1,796 households, out of which 37.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.00% were married couples living together, 9.02% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.96% were non-families. 30.62% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.52% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.25 and the average family size was 3.21.

The village's age distribution consisted of 27.4% under the age of 18, 18.2% from 18 to 24, 21.7% from 25 to 44, 25.8% from 45 to 64, and 6.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 130.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 121.0 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $47,378, and the median income for a family was $63,068. Males had a median income of $21,956 versus $24,053 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the village was $17,927. About 8.9% of families and 10.6% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 7.1% of those under age 18 and 5.3% of those age 65 or over.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Posen village, Illinois – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web|title=P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Posen village, Illinois|url=https://data.census.gov/table?g=1600000US1761314&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P004|website=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date= }}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Posen village, Illinois|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=1600000US1761314&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Posen village, Illinois|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=1600000US1761314&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|3,141
|1,684
|style='background: #ffffe6; |1,120
|66.41%
|28.13%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |19.89%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|396
|1,023
|style='background: #ffffe6; |916
|8.37%
|17.09%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |16.26%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|9
|14
|style='background: #ffffe6; |6
|0.19%
|0.23%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.11%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|11
|20
|style='background: #ffffe6; |31
|0.23%
|0.33%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.55%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|0
|6
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0
|0.00%
|0.10%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.00%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Other race]] alone (NH)
|7
|5
|style='background: #ffffe6; |11
|0.15%
|0.08%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.20%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed race or Multiracial]] (NH)
|79
|64
|style='background: #ffffe6; |90
|1.67%
|1.07%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |1.60%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|1,087
|3,171
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3,458
|22.98%
|52.96%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |61.40%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,730'''
|'''5,987'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''5,632'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}

==Government==
Posen is in [[Illinois's 1st congressional district]].

==Education==
[[Posen-Robbins School District 143½]] serves the majority of Posen, while a portion is in the [[West Harvey-Dixmoor Public School District 147]]. The former portion is also in the [[Bremen Community High School District 228]], while the latter portion is also in the [[Thornton Township High School District 205]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st17_il/schooldistrict_maps/c17031_cook/DC20SD_C17031.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Cook County, IL|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|page=9 (PDF p. 10/13)|access-date=January 18, 2024}}</ref>

The [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago]] operated St. Stanislaus Bishop and Martyr School in Posen from its opening circa 1893<!--2006 - 113 = 1893--> until it closed in 2006. Its final enrollment was 142, and the small number of students was the reason for its closure.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2006-02-02-0602020354-story.html|title=Posen Catholic school to shut|newspaper=[[Chicago Tribune]]|date=February 2, 2006|access-date=January 18, 2024}}</ref>

==Transportation==
[[Pace (transit)|Pace]] provides bus service on routes 349, 354 and 359 connecting Posen to destinations across the [[Chicago Southland|Southland]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rtachicago.org/uploads/files/general/RTA-System-Map.pdf|title=RTA System Map|access-date=February 1, 2024}}</ref>

==Notable person==
<!-- Note:
· Only people who already have a Wikipedia article may appear here. This establishes notability.
· The article must mention how they are associated with Posen, whether born, raised, or residing.
· The fact of their association should have a reliable source cited.
· Alphabetical by last name please.
· All others will be deleted.
-->

* [[Don Kolloway]], infielder for the [[Chicago White Sox]], [[Detroit Tigers]] and [[Philadelphia Athletics]]; born in Posen

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140502070944/http://www.villageofposen.org/ Village of Posen official website]

{{Portal|Chicago|Illinois}}
{{Cook County, Illinois}}
{{Geographic location
|Northwest=[[Blue Island]]
|Center=Posen
|Southeast=[[Dixmoor]]
}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:Villages in Cook County, Illinois]]
[[Category:Chicago metropolitan area]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1900]]
[[Category:1900 establishments in Illinois]]
[[Category:Majority-minority cities and towns in Cook County, Illinois]]
[[Category:Villages in Illinois]]