Editing Pope Lando

{{Short description|Head of the Catholic Church from 913 to 914}}
{{Other uses|Lando (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
| type = Pope
| honorific-prefix = Pope
| name = Lando
| title = [[Bishop of Rome]]
| church = [[Catholic Church]]
| birth_name = Lando
| term_start = August or September 913
| term_end = February or March 914
| predecessor = [[Anastasius III]]
| successor = [[John X]]
| birth_date = 
| birth_place = [[Sabina (region)|Sabina]], [[Papal States]]
| death_date = March 914
| death_place = [[Rome]], Papal States
| previous_post = Cardinal-Deacon of the Holy Roman Church (910–913)
}}

'''Lando''' (also known as '''Landus'''){{efn|In the [[second declension]]. Although sometimes less common in [[Medieval Latin]], names ending in ''-o'' in Latin tend to be written in [[third declension]] (e.g. ''Landonis'', ''[[Plato]]nis'' in [[genitive case]]).}}<ref>{{Citation | last = Platina | first = Bartolomeo | author-link = Bartolomeo Platina | title = The Lives of the Popes from the Time of our Saviour Jesus Christ to the Accession of Gregory VII | publisher = Griffith Farran & Co. | location = London | pages = 245 | volume = I | year= 1479 | url = https://archive.org/details/thelivesofthepop01platuoft | access-date= 2013-04-25}}</ref> was the [[pope]] from {{circa}} September 913 to his death {{circa}} March 914.<ref>Pietro Fedele, "Ricerche per la storia di Rome e del papato al. sec. X", ''Archivo della Reale Società Romana di Storia Patria'', 33 (1910): 177–247.</ref><ref name="ce">{{CathEncy|wstitle=Pope Lando}}</ref><ref name="Oxford">J. N. D. Kelly and Michael Walsh, "Lando", ''The Oxford Dictionary of Popes'', 2nd ed. (Oxford University Press, 2010), p. 120.</ref> His short pontificate fell during an obscure period in papal and Roman history, the so-called ''[[Saeculum obscurum]]'' (904–964).

According to the ''[[Liber pontificalis]]'', Lando was born in the [[Sabina (region)|Sabina]] ([[Papal States]]), and his father was a wealthy [[Lombards|Lombard]] count named Taino{{efn|[[Ferdinand Gregorovius]], ''History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages'' (Cambridge University Press, 1897), Vol. 3, p. 238, gives his father's name as Raino.}} from [[Forum Novum|Fornovo]].<ref name="Oxford" /><ref name="Longo">Umberto Longo, [http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/papa-landone_%28Dizionario-Biografico%29/ "Landone, papa"], ''Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani'' '''63''' (2004).</ref><ref name="Zimmerman">Harald Zimmerman, "Lando", in Philippe Levillain, ed., ''The Papacy: An Encyclopedia'', Vol. 2, Gaius–Proxies (New York: Routledge, 2002), p. 896.</ref> The ''Liber'' also claims that his pontificate lasted only four months and twenty-two days. A different list of popes, appended to a continuation of the ''Liber pontificalis'' at the [[Abbey of Farfa]] and quoted by [[Gregory of Catino]] in his ''Chronicon Farfense'' in the twelfth century, gives Lando a pontificate of six months and twenty-six days. This is closer to the duration recorded by [[Flodoard of Reims]], writing in the tenth century, of six months and ten days.<ref name="Longo" /> The end of his pontificate can be dated to between 5 February 914, when he is mentioned in a document of [[Ravenna]], and late March or early April, when his successor, [[Pope John X|John X]], was elected.<ref name="Longo" />

Lando is thought to have been the candidate of Count [[Theophylact I of Tusculum]] and Senatrix [[Theodora (senatrix)|Theodora]], who were the most powerful couple in Rome at the time.<ref>"Lando", ''The Oxford Dictionary of Popes'', ed. J. N. D. Kelly, (Oxford University Press, 1988), 121.</ref> The Theophylacti controlled papal finances through their monopoly of the office of ''[[vestararius]]'', and also controlled the Roman militia and [[Roman Senate|Senate]].<ref name="Longo" /> During Lando's reign, [[History of Islam in southern Italy|Arab raiders]], operating from their stronghold on the [[Garigliano]] river, destroyed the cathedral of San Salvatore in [[Vescovio]] in [[Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto|his native diocese]].<ref>[[Roger Collins]], ''Keepers of the Keys of Heaven: A History of the Papacy'', (Basic Books, 2009), 175.</ref> No document of Lando's chancery has survived. The only act of his reign that is recorded is a donation to the diocese of Sabina mentioned in a judicial act of 1431.<ref name="Longo" /> Lando made the large personal gift in order to restore the cathedral of San Salvatore so that the clergy who were then living at [[Toffia]] could return.<ref name="Zimmerman" /><ref name="Oxford" />

Lando was the last pope with a [[papal name]] never used before until [[Pope John Paul I]] in 1978 and the last with a unique name requiring no [[regnal number]] until [[Pope Francis]] in 2013.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NqUoDwAAQBAJ&dq=lando++++&pg=PT91|title=New World Pope: Pope Francis and the Future of the Church|first=Michael L.|last=Budde|date=June 2, 2017|publisher=Wipf and Stock Publishers|isbn=9781498283724|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GAo0EAAAQBAJ&dq=lando+francis+pope&pg=PA176|title=Historical Dictionary of Catholicism|first=William J.|last=Collinge|date=August 15, 2021|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=9781538130186|via=Google Books}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Lando (papa)}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130414141330/http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/pope0121.htm Catholic Forum:] Pope Lando
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130314090110/http://saints.sqpn.com/ncd04623.htm New Catholic Dictionary:] Pope Lando

{{S-start}}
{{s-rel|ca}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Anastasius III]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Pope]]|years=913–914}}
{{s-aft|after=[[John X]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{Popes}}
{{Catholicism}}
{{History of the Catholic Church}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lando}}
[[Category:Popes]]
[[Category:Italian popes]]
[[Category:People from Lazio]]
[[Category:914 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:10th-century popes]]
[[Category:Burials at St. Peter's Basilica]]