Editing Pope Anterus

{{Short description|Head of the Catholic Church from 235 to 236}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
| type = Pope
| honorific-prefix = [[List of popes|Pope]] [[List of canonised popes|Saint]]
| name = Anterus
| title = [[Bishop of Rome]]
| church = [[Catholic Church]]
| image = Pietro Perugino – Anterus.jpg
| term_start = 21 November 235
| term_end = 3 January 236
| predecessor = [[Pope Pontian|Pontian]]
| successor = [[Pope Fabian|Fabian]]
| birth_place = [[Petilia Policastro]], [[Calabria]], [[Roman Italy|Italy]], [[Roman Empire]]
| death_date = 	3 January 236
| death_place = [[Rome]], [[Roman Italy|Italy]], [[Roman Empire]]
| feast_day = 3 January<ref name="sqpn"/> ([[Roman Catholic]])<br />18 August<ref>{{Cite web|title=Священномученик Анфи́р Римский, папа Римский|url=https://azbyka.ru/days/sv-anfir-rimskij|access-date=2021-06-22|website=azbyka.ru|language=ru}}</ref> ([[Russian Orthodox]])
| caption = 15th century [[mural]] depicting St. Anterus by [[Pietro Perugino]] from the [[Sistine Chapel]]
}}

'''Pope Anterus''' ({{Langx|la|Anterus}},<ref>{{Cite web|title=0235-0236- Anterus, Sanctus\ - Operum Omnium Conspectus seu 'Index of available Writings'|url=https://www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu/01_01_0235-0236-_Anterus,_Sanctus.html|access-date=2021-06-22|website=www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu}}</ref> {{Langx|grc-x-classic|Ανθηρός}}, [[Romanization of Greek|romanized]]: ''Antheros'')<ref>{{Cite web|last=T|first=Giorgis|title=Ποιοι ήταν οι Έλληνες Πάπες της Ρώμης;|url=https://choratouaxoritou.gr/?p=55580|access-date=2021-06-22|website=ΧΩΡΑ ΤΟΥ ΑΧΩΡΗΤΟΥ|date=10 October 2017 |language=el}}</ref> was the [[bishop of Rome]] from 21 November 235 until his death on 3 January 236.<ref name="ce">Shahan, Thomas (1907). "Pope St. Anterus" in ''The Catholic Encyclopedia''. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</ref>

==Life==
Anterus was the son of Romulus, born in [[Petilia Policastro]],<ref name="sqpn">[http://saints.sqpn.com/pope-saint-antherus/ Pope Saint Antherus » Saints.SQPN.com<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> [[Calabria]], [[Italy (Roman Empire)|Italy]]. He is thought to have been of [[Greeks|Greek]] origin,<ref name=montor>{{cite book
 | last =de Montor
 | first = Artaud
 | title = The Lives and Times of the Popes: Including the Complete Gallery of Portraits of the Pontiffs Reproduced from Effigies Pontificum Romanorum Dominici Basae : Being a Series of Volumes Giving the History of the World During the Christian Era
 | publisher = The Catholic Publication Society of America
 | year = 1911
 | location = New York
 | pages = 49–50
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=kJoYAAAAYAAJ&q=petilia+policastro&pg=PA49
 | oclc = 7533337}}</ref> and his name may indicate that he was a [[freed slave]].<ref name=Lev/>  He succeeded [[Pope Pontian]], who had been deported from [[Rome]] to [[Sardinia and Corsica|Sardinia]], along with the [[antipope]] [[Hippolytus (writer)|Hippolytus]]. He created one [[bishop]], for the city of [[Fondi]].<ref name=montor/>

Some scholars believe Anterus was [[martyr]]ed,<ref name=montor/><ref name=Marucchi>{{cite book
 | last = Marucchi
 | first = Orazio
 | others = Vecchierello, Hubert (translator)
 | title = Manual of Christian Archeology 1935
 | publisher = [[Kessinger Publishing]]
 | year = 2003
 | pages = 48
 | isbn = 978-0-7661-4247-3
 }}</ref> because he ordered greater strictness in searching into the acts of the martyrs, exactly collected by the notaries appointed by [[Pope Clement I]].<ref name=montor/><ref name=CE/> Other scholars doubt this and believe it is more likely that he died in undramatic circumstances during the persecutions of Emperor [[Maximinus the Thracian]].<ref name=Lev>{{cite book
 | last = Levillain
 | first = Philippe
 |author2=O'Malley, John W.
 | title = The Papacy: An Encyclopedia
 | publisher = [[Routledge]]
 | year = 2002
 | location = London
 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/papacy00phil_1/page/63 63], 557
 | url =https://archive.org/details/papacy00phil_1
 | url-access = registration
 | isbn =978-0-415-92230-2}}</ref>

He was buried in the papal crypt of the [[Catacomb of Callixtus]], on the [[Appian Way]]<ref name=montor/> in [[Rome]]. The site of his [[sepulchre]] was discovered by [[Giovanni Battista de Rossi]] in 1854, with some broken remnants of the [[Greek language|Greek]] epitaph engraved on the narrow oblong slab that closed his tomb;<ref name=CE>{{CathEncy|wstitle= Pope St. Anterus}}</ref> only the Greek term for [[bishop]] was legible.<ref name=Marucchi/> His ashes had been removed to the [[San Silvestro al Quirinale|Church of Saint Sylvester]] in the [[Campus Martius]]<ref name=montor/> and were discovered on 17 November 1595, when [[Pope Clement VIII]] rebuilt that church.<ref name=montor/>

Pope Anterus is remembered in the Catholic Church on [[January 3|3 January]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Anteros|url=https://deon.pl/imiona-swietych/anteros,656|access-date=2021-06-22|website=DEON.pl|language=pl}}</ref> and in the [[Russian Orthodox Church]] on [[August 18|18 August]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Священномученик Анфи́р Римский, папа Римский|url=https://azbyka.ru/days/sv-anfir-rimskij|access-date=2021-06-22|website=azbyka.ru|language=ru}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of popes]]
*[[List of Catholic saints]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{Wikisource1911Enc|Anteros}}
*{{commons category-inline|Anterus|Pope Anterus}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-rel|grt}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Pope Pontian|Pontian]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Bishop of Rome]]|years=235–236}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Pope Fabian|Fabian]]}}
{{s-end}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Anterus}}
[[Category:236 deaths]]
[[Category:3rd-century archbishops]]
[[Category:3rd-century Christian saints]]
[[Category:3rd-century Romans]]
[[Category:Greek popes]]
[[Category:Italian popes]]
[[Category:Papal saints]]
[[Category:People from the Province of Crotone]]
[[Category:Popes]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:3rd-century popes]]
[[Category:Patriarchs in Italy]]