Editing Pope Anastasius IV

{{Short description|Head of the Catholic Church from 1153 to 1154}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
| type = Pope
| honorific-prefix = [[List of popes|Pope]]
| name = Anastasius IV
| title = [[Bishop of Rome]]
| church = [[Catholic Church]]
| image = 

| caption = 
| birth_name = Corrado Demetri della Suburra
| term_start = {{start date|1153|7|8|df=y}}
| term_end = {{end date|1154|12|3|df=y}}
| predecessor = [[Eugene III]]
| successor = [[Adrian IV]]
| cardinal = February 1114
| created_cardinal_by = [[Paschal II]]
| birth_date = {{ca.|1073}}
| birth_place = [[Rome]], [[Papal States]], [[Holy Roman Empire]]
| death_date = 	3 December 1154 (aged 80–81)
| death_place = [[Rome]], [[Papal States]], [[Holy Roman Empire]]
| other = Anastasius
}}

'''Pope Anastasius IV''' ({{c.|1073}}<ref>This date is according to [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/22852/Anastasius-IV#tab=active~checked%2Citems~checked&title=Anastasius%20IV%20--%20Britannica%20Online%20Encyclopedia Encyclopædia Britannica]; Klewitz, p. 220 says that he was 80 years old at the time of his election to the papacy</ref> – 3 December 1154), born '''Corrado Demetri della Suburra''', was head of the [[Catholic Church]] and ruler of the [[Papal States]] from 8 July 1153<ref>{{cite web|authorlink=Salvador Miranda (historian) |last=Miranda |first=Salvador |title= SUBURRA, Can. Reg. Lat., Corrado di (ca. 1073-1154)|url=https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1127.htm#Suburra|work=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church |publisher=[[Florida International University]]|oclc=53276621}}</ref> to his death in 1154. He is the most recent pope to take the name "Anastasius" upon his election.

==Early life==
He was a [[Rome|Roman]], son of Benedictus de Suburra, probably of the family of Demetri,<ref>{{cite journal |first=H. |last=Tillmann |title=Ricerche sull'origine dei membri del collegio cardinalizio nel XII secolo |journal=[[Rivista di Storia della Chiesa in Italia|RSC]] |volume=26 |year=1972 |pages=313–353 [p. 328] }}</ref> and became a secular clerk.<ref>According to older historiography (incl. Klewitz, p. 128 and 220) he was abbot of the Augustinian monastery of St.-Ruf at Avignon, but this view has been recently abandoned (see I.S.Robinson, p. 73)</ref> He was created cardinal-priest of S. Pudenziana by Pope Paschal II no later than in 1114.<ref>H.W.Klewitz, p. 128 no. 31; Brixius, p. 36 no. 26. His first subscription of the papal bulls took place on 25 February 1114 (Jaffé, p. 478)</ref> In 1127 or 1128, Pope Honorius II<ref>Anastasius IV is sometimes referred to as a nephew of Honorius II, but this is not proven and is very unlikely; Anastasius IV came from Roman aristocracy, while Honorius II was a Bolognese. Brixius, p. 78 rejects the statement about relationship between Anastasius and Honorius as without foundation and adds that it appears for the first time in the 16th century. [[Hans Walter Klewitz]] and [[Helene Tillmann]], who have made an extensive study about the origins of the cardinals of the beginning of the 12th century, either deny or do not mention this relationship.</ref> promoted him to the suburbicarian [[See of Sabina]].<ref>First subscription as cardinal-bishop on 7 May 1128 (Jaffé, p. 549)</ref> He was probably given this position for siding with Honorius II during a dispute over the appointment of a new [[abbot of Farfa]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=The Popes: Every Question Answered|last=Matthews|first=Rupert|publisher=Metro Books|year=2013|isbn=978-1-4351-4571-9|location=New York|pages=158}}</ref> He had taken part in the double [[papal election, 1130|papal election of 1130]], had been one of the most determined opponents of [[Antipope Anacletus II]] and, when [[Pope Innocent II]] fled to [[France]], had been left behind as his vicar in [[Italy]]. At the time of his [[papal election, 1153|election to the papacy]] in July 1153, he was [[Dean of the College of Cardinals]] and probably the oldest member of that body.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bootan McCoy |first=Debra |date=July 3, 2022 |title=Pope Anastasius IV, the Old Pope |url=https://www.catholic365.com/article/19205/pope-anastasius-iv-the-old-pope.html |access-date=June 23, 2024 |website=Catholic365}}</ref>

==Pontificate==
[[File:Anastasius IV. podoba.jpg|thumb|Image from a 19th-century religious card, showing Anastasius IV confirming the [[Knights Hospitaller]] in possession of their worldly property.]]
During his short pontificate, he played the part of a peacemaker; he came to terms with the Emperor [[Frederick Barbarossa]] in the vexing question of the appointment to the [[Archbishopric of Magdeburg|See of Magdeburg]] and closed the long quarrel, which had raged through four pontificates, about the appointment of William Fitzherbert (commonly known as [[Saint William of York]]) to the see of [[York]] by sending him the [[pallium]] in spite of the continued opposition of the powerful [[Cistercian]] order. Anastasius IV also devoted much time and expenses on the [[Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran|Lateran Basilica]] and Palace back at Rome.<ref name=":0" />

Anastasius IV died on 3 December 1154 and was succeeded by Cardinal Nicholas Breakspear as [[Pope Adrian IV]].<ref>{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Anastasius}}</ref> Anastasius IV was laid to rest within the [[Helena (empress)|Helena]] sarcophagus which was brought out and reused as his tomb.<ref name=":0" />

==See also==
{{Portal bar|Biography|Christianity|History}}
*[[List of popes]]
*[[Cardinals created by Anastasius IV]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*{{cite book |first=Hans Walter |last=Klewitz |title=Reformpapsttum und Kardinalskolleg |location=Darmstadt |year=1957 |pages=128 no. 31 and p.&nbsp;220 }}
*{{cite book |first=Johannes M. |last=Brixius |title=Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130–1181 |location=Berlin |year=1912 }}
*{{cite book |first=Ian Stuart |last=Robinson |title=The Papacy, 1073–1198: Continuity and Innovation |location=New York |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1990 |isbn=978-0521264983 }}
*{{cite book |first=Philipp |last=Jaffé |title=Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita Ecclesia ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII |url=https://archive.org/details/regestapontific01popegoog |location=Berlin |year=1851 |publisher=Veit et Socius }}

<!-- Image with unknown copyright status removed: [[Image:Anastasius IV.gif|thumb|center|The coat of arms of Pope Anastasius IV.]] -->

{{S-start}}
{{s-rel|ca}}
{{s-bef|before = [[Crescenzio de Sabina|Crescenzio]]}} 
{{s-ttl|title = [[Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto|Cardinal-Bishop of Sabina]]| years = 1127/28–53}} 
{{s-aft|after = [[Gregorio of Sabina|Gregorio]]}}
{{s-bef|before = [[Guillaume de Palestrina|Guillaume]]}} 
{{s-ttl|title = [[Dean of the College of Cardinals]]| years = 1139–54}} 
{{s-aft|after = [[Imar of Tusculum]]}}
{{S-bef
| before = [[Eugene III]]
}}
{{s-ttl
| title = [[Pope]]
| years = 1153–54
}}
{{s-aft
| after = [[Adrian IV]]
}}
{{S-end}}

{{Popes}}
{{Catholic Church}}
{{History of the Catholic Church}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Anastasius 04}}
[[Category:Popes]]
[[Category:Italian popes]]
[[Category:Cardinal-bishops of Sabina]]
[[Category:Clergy from Rome]]
[[Category:1070s births]]
[[Category:1154 deaths]]
[[Category:Deans of the College of Cardinals]]
[[Category:Cardinal-nephews]]
[[Category:12th-century popes]]
[[Category:Burials at the Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran]]