Editing Politics of Laos

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{{Politics of Laos}}
The '''politics of the Lao People's Democratic Republic''' takes place in the framework of a [[One-party state|one-party]] [[parliamentary system|parliamentary]] [[socialist republic]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Crises in the USSR: Are the Constitutional and Legislative Changes Enough |url=https://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1244&context=cilj}}</ref>

==Judicial branch==

=== Supreme People's Court ===

The [[People's Supreme Court (Laos)|Supreme People's Court of the Lao People's Democratic Republic]] was established in 1982.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=ປະຫວັດຄວາມເປັນມາຂອງສານປະຊາຊົນສູງສຸດ - www.peoplecourt.gov.la|url=http://www.peoplecourt.gov.la/la/1/1-2.html|access-date=2021-03-15|website=www.peoplecourt.gov.la}}</ref> As outlined in Article 92, the People's Supreme Court of the Lao People's Democratic Republic is the highest judicial body and "examines the judgments and judgments of the people's courts and military courts".<ref>{{Cite web|title=ສານປະຊາຊົນສູງສຸດ ໄດ້ຈັດງານໂຮມຊຸມນຸມສະເຫຼີມສະຫຼອງວັນສ້າງຕັ້ງສານປະຊາຊົນ ຄົບຮອບ 35 ປີ (15 ສິງຫາ 1982 - 15 ສິງຫາ 2017) - www.peoplecourt.gov.la|url=http://www.peoplecourt.gov.la/la/2016-04-06-02-55-36/2016-04-06-03-37-43/53-2017-07-13-07-32-55.html|access-date=2021-03-15|website=www.peoplecourt.gov.la}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=ໝວດທີ X ສານປະຊາຊົນ ແລະ ອົງການໄອຍະການປະຊາຊົນ - www.peoplecourt.gov.la|url=http://www.peoplecourt.gov.la/la/2/2016-03-30-02-24-51/2016-03-30-02-24-62.html|access-date=2021-03-15|website=www.peoplecourt.gov.la}}</ref> There has been indications that women have served on the provincial courts.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ສານປະຊາຊົນພາກໃຕ້ຈັດຕັ້ງພິທີປະກາດການແຕ່ງຕັ້ງຜູ້ພິພາກສາທີ່ແຂວງຈຳປາສັກ - www.peoplecourt.gov.la|url=http://www.peoplecourt.gov.la/la/2016-04-06-02-55-36/2016-04-06-03-37-43/65-2017-07-13-07-32-62.html|access-date=2021-03-15|website=www.peoplecourt.gov.la}}</ref> For instance, in 2018, it was announced that Napaporn Phong Thai was appointed as the President of Court Zone 2, [[Sainyabuli Province|Xayaburi Province]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=ພິທີ ປະກາດແຕ່ງຕັ້ງ ປະທານສານປະຊາຊົນ ເຂດ 2 ແຂວງໄຊຍະບູລີ - www.peoplecourt.gov.la|url=http://www.peoplecourt.gov.la/la/2016-04-06-02-55-36/2016-04-06-03-37-43/59-2017-07-13-07-32-58.html|access-date=2021-03-15|website=www.peoplecourt.gov.la}}</ref>

=== Public Prosecutor's Office ===
The Public Prosecutor's Office was established in 1990.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ອົງການໄອຍະການປະຊາຊົນສູງສຸດ ຫວນຄືນມູນເຊື້ອວັນສ້າງຕັ້ງ 26 ປີ|url=http://www.laosecurity.gov.la/news/i%20ya%20karn.html|access-date=2021-03-15|website=www.laosecurity.gov.la}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=ແຂວງຫຼວງນໍ້າທາສະເຫຼີມສະຫຼອງວັນສ້າງຕັ້ງໄອຍະການປະຊາຊົນຄົບຮອບ 30 ປີ 9 ມັງກອນ 1990 ຫາ 9 ມັງກອນ 2020. {{!}} ຂ່າວສານແຂວງຫຼວງນໍ້າທາ|url=https://lnt-news.org/?p=3828|access-date=2021-03-15|language=en-US}}</ref> Article 99 of the [[Constitution of Laos]] states that the office has the responsibility of "monitor[ing] the observance and implementation of laws throughout the country, protect[ing] the rights of the state and society...[and] the legitimate interests of the people, and prosecut[ing] detainees in accordance with the law". The office is organized in the following ways:<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=2007|title=ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວສັນຕິພາບ ເອກະລາດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ເອກະພາບ ວັດທະນາຖາວອນ|url=https://www.jica.go.jp/activities/issues/governance/portal/laos/ku57pq00002khhw3-att/manual_investigation_lao.pdf|website=JICA}}</ref>

''Supreme People's Prosecutor''

* The Office of the Supreme People's Prosecutor
* The Office of the Public Prosecutor at the appellate level

The Chief of the Supreme Public Prosecutor directs all the activities of the Public Prosecutor at every level.<ref name=":0" /> All activities are reported to the National Assembly.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ອົງການໄອຍະການປະຊາຊົນເລກທີ..........ອອປສສູງສຸດ ແຫ່ງ ສປປ ລາວ.|url=https://juristact.weebly.com/uploads/1/0/9/9/109947087/%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%BD%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%81.pdf|website=ພະແນກສັງລວມ ຫ້ອງການ ອົງການໄອຍະການປະຊາຊົນສູງສຸດ}}</ref>

''Local People's Procuratorate''

* Provincial and city public prosecutors' offices
* District, Municipal Public Prosecutor's Office (district or municipal public prosecutors are called local public prosecutors)

=== Military Prosecutor's Office ===
As of June 2022, the Supreme People's Prosecutor is Xayasana Kotphuthone.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-04 |title=The Cuban Ambassador visits the Office of the Supreme People's Prosecutor of Laos |url=https://misiones.cubaminrex.cu/en/articulo/cuban-ambassador-visits-office-supreme-peoples-prosecutor-laos |access-date=2023-08-07 |website=CUBADIPLOMATICA |language=en}}</ref>

=== Laos Bar Association ===
As for attorneys in general, according to a 2016 article, there are 188 lawyers in Laos who are members of the Laos Bar Association. Most of the attorneys have entered the government sector and do not practice law—seldom giving thought to practicing in the private sector.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://laotiantimes.com/2016/08/25/lao-legal-market/|title=Lao Legal Market: A Gentle Awakening -|website=laotiantimes.com|date=25 August 2016 |access-date=2017-10-24}}</ref> Pursuant to the Resolution of the National Assembly No. 024 / NA (On the Adoption of the Law on Lawyers; November 9, 2016), requirements include possessing a [[Baccalaureate degree|baccalaureate]] degree, being a Laos citizen and passing an examination (separate requirements exist for foreign lawyers). While the Laos Bar Association issues certificates to graduates of the legal profession, it is the Ministry of Justice of Laos that sets the legal training standards.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016|title=ກ່ຽວກັບການປະກາດໃຊ້ກົດໝາຍ ວ່າດ້ວຍທະນາຍຄວາມ (ສະບັບປັບປຸງ)|url=http://na.gov.la/files/laws/22Anti%20Corruption%20Law17_1_2013%20.pdf}}</ref>

==Government==
* Industry and Commerce	 [[Malaythong Kommasith]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/laos/posts-06222022141235.html|title=Laos shuffles top Cabinet posts amid economic slowdown|newspaper=Radio Free Asia|date=2022-06-22|access-date=2023-10-15}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Laos topics}}
{{National Assembly of Laos}}
{{Asia topic|Politics of}}

[[Category:Politics of Laos| ]]
[[Category:Politics of Southeast Asia]]