Editing Politics of Burundi

{{Short description|none}}
{{More citations needed|date=August 2008}}
{{Politics of Burundi}}
The '''Politics of Burundi''' takes place in a framework of a transitional [[presidential system|presidential]] [[representative democracy|representative democratic]] [[republic]], whereby the [[President of Burundi]] is both [[head of state]] and [[head of government]], and of a [[multi-party system]]. [[Executive power]] is exercised by the government. [[Legislative power]] is vested in both the [[Forms of government|government]] and the two chambers of parliament, the [[Senate of Burundi|Senate]] and the [[National Assembly of Burundi|National Assembly]].

==Political landscape after the civil war==
The political landscape of Burundi has been dominated in recent years by the [[Burundian Civil War|civil war]] and a long [[Peacebuilding|peace process]] and move to [[democracy]].  [[Pierre Nkurunziza]], a former rebel leader of the [[Hutu]] [[National Council for the Defense of Democracy – Forces for the Defense of Democracy]], was [[2005 Burundian presidential election|elected]] to become president in a vote by [[Parliament of Burundi|parliament]] on 19 August 2005. Nkurunziza, who was the sole candidate, was the first president chosen through democratic means since the start of the [[Burundi Civil War|civil war]] in 1993 and was sworn in on 26 August, replacing transitional president [[Domitien Ndayizeye]].

Incumbent president [[Évariste Ndayishimiye]] took office on 18 June 2020, ten days after the death of Nkurunziza.

In November 1995, the presidents of [[Burundi]], [[Rwanda]], [[Uganda]], and [[Zaire]] (currently [[Democratic Republic of Congo]]) announced a regional initiative for a negotiated peace in Burundi facilitated by former Tanzanian President [[Julius Nyerere]]. In July 1996, former Burundian President [[Pierre Buyoya|Buyoya]] returned to power in a [[1996 Burundian coup d'état|bloodless coup]]. He declared himself president of a transitional republic, even as he suspended the National Assembly, banned opposition groups, and imposed a nationwide curfew. Widespread condemnation of the coup ensued, and regional countries imposed economic sanctions pending a return to a constitutional government. Buyoya agreed in 1996 to liberalize political parties. Nonetheless, fighting between the army and [[Hutu]] militias continued. In June 1998, Buyoya promulgated a transitional constitution and announced a partnership between the government and the opposition-led National Assembly. After facilitator Julius Nyerere's death in October 1999, the regional leaders appointed [[Nelson Mandela]] as [[Facilitator]] of the [[Arusha]] peace process. Under Mandela the peace process has revived and important progress has taken place.

In April 2015 the [[2015 Burundian unrest]] broke out after the ruling party announced President [[Pierre Nkurunziza]] would seek a third term in office. Protests in the capital lasted over a week, and while President Nkurunziza was in Tanzania for talks at resolving the situation, Major General [[Godefroid Niyombare]] declared a coup, leading to gun battles in the capital for control of key locations.

[[2020 Burundian general election|Elections took place in 2020]]; despite concerns that these elections would be severely compromised,<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.africanews.com/2019/09/05/un-outlines-8-reasons-why-2020-burundi-vote-is-risky| title = U.N. outlines 8 reasons why 2020 Burundi vote is 'risky' {{!}} Africanews| date = 5 September 2019}}</ref> following the announcement that the President would not seek reelection, the opposition announced that they would be taking part in the election.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_burundis-exiled-main-opposition-alliance-plans-participate-2020-vote/6181158.html| title = Burundi's Exiled Main Opposition Alliance Plans to Participate in 2020 Vote| date = 16 December 2019}}</ref> [[Evariste Ndayishimiye]], a candidate who was hand-picked as Nkurunziza's successor by the CNDD-FDD, won [[2020 Burundian general election|the election]] with 71.45% of the vote. Shortly after, on 9 June 2020, Nkurunziza died of a cardiac arrest, at the age of 55. As per the constitution, Pascal Nyabenda, the president of the national assembly, led the government until Ndayishimiye's inauguration on 18 June 2020.<ref>{{cite news| url = https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/09/world/africa/burundi-president-pierre-nkurunziza-dead.html| title = President of Burundi, Pierre Nkurunziza, 55, Dies of Heart Attack - The New York Times| work = The New York Times| date = 9 June 2020| last1 = Dahir| first1 = Abdi Latif}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/6/18/evariste-ndayishimiye-who-is-burundis-new-president| title = Evariste Ndayishimiye: Who is Burundi's new president? {{!}} News {{!}} Al Jazeera}}</ref>

==Executive branch==
{{office-table}}
|[[Rulers and heads of state of Burundi|President]]
|[[Évariste Ndayishimiye]]
|[[National Council for the Defense of Democracy – Forces for the Defense of Democracy|CNDD-FDD]]
|18 June 2020
|-
|[[Vice-President of Burundi|Vice-president]]
|[[Prosper Bazombanza]]
|[[Union for National Progress|UPRONA]]
|23 June 2020
|-
|[[Prime Minister of Burundi|Prime Minister]]
|[[Gervais Ndirakobuca]]
|[[National Council for the Defense of Democracy – Forces for the Defense of Democracy|CNDD-FDD]]
|08 September 2022
|}
The president is popularly elected by a [[two-round system]]. They nominate a [[Vice-president of Burundi|vice-president]] and a [[Prime Minister of Burundi|prime minister]], who form together with the [[Ministers of the Burundian Government|Council of Ministers]] the executive branch.

==Legislative branch==
The '''[[National Assembly (Burundi)|National Assembly]]''' (''Assemblée nationale'') has 118 members, elected for a five-year term by [[proportional representation]] with a 2% barrier. The '''[[Senate (Burundi)|Senate]]''' (''Sénat'') has 49 members, elected for a five-year term by electoral colleges of communal councilors. Extra seats in both chambers can be added to ensure that ethnic and gender quotas are met. Burundi has a [[multi-party]] system, with two or three strong parties and a third party that is electorally successful. Parties are usually based on ethnic background.

==Political parties and elections==
{{elect|List of political parties in Burundi|Elections in Burundi}}

==Administrative divisions==
Burundi has 18 provinces: [[Bubanza Province|Bubanza]], [[Bujumbura Mairie Province|Bujumbura Mairie]], [[Bujumbura Rural Province|Bujumbura Rural]], [[Bururi Province|Bururi]], [[Cankuzo Province|Cankuzo]], [[Cibitoke Province|Cibitoke]], [[Gitega Province|Gitega]], [[Karuzi Province|Karuzi]], [[Kayanza Province|Kayanza]], [[Kirundo Province|Kirundo]], [[Makamba Province|Makamba]], [[Muramvya Province|Muramvya]], [[Muyinga Province|Muyinga]], [[Mwaro Province|Mwaro]], [[Ngozi Province|Ngozi]], [[Rutana Province|Rutana]], [[Rumonge Province|Rumonge]] and [[Ruyigi Province|Ruyigi]].

==International relations==
Burundi is member of the [[AfDB]], [[CEEAC]], [[CEPGL]], [[United Nations Economic Commission for Africa|ECA]], [[FAO]], [[Group of 77|G-77]], [[IBRD]], [[ICAO]], [[International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement|ICRM]], [[International Development Association|IDA]], [[IFAD]], [[International Finance Corporation|IFC]], [[IFRCS]], [[ILO]], [[IMF]], [[Intelsat]] (nonsignatory user), [[Interpol]], [[IOC]], [[ITU]], [[Non-Aligned Movement|NAM]], [[OAU]], [[OPCW]], [[Port Management Association of Eastern and Southern Africa|PMAESA]], [[UN]], [[UNCTAD]], [[UNESCO]], [[UNIDO]], [[UPU]], [[WHO]], [[WIPO]], [[WMO]], [[WToO]], and [[WTrO]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*[https://archive.today/20130414211600/http://report.globalintegrity.org/burundi Global Integrity Report: Burundi] reports on Burundi's anti-corruption efforts.

{{Africa in topic|Politics of}}
{{Burundi topics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Politics Of Burundi}}
[[Category:Politics of Burundi| ]]