Editing Politics of Algeria

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{{Infobox political system|appointer_hog=[[President of Algeria|President]]|legislature=[[Parliament of Algeria|Parliament]]|upperhouse_speaker=[[Salah Goudjil]]|upperhouse_appointer=[[Indirect election]]|upperhouse=[[Council of the Nation]]|title_hos=[[President of Algeria|President]]|title_hog=[[Prime Minister of Algeria|Prime Minister]]|native_name={{nobold|السياسة الجزائرية}}|name=Politics of Algeria|lowerhouse_speaker_title=[[List of presidents of the People's National Assembly (Algeria)|President of the People's National Assembly]]|lowerhouse_speaker=[[Ibrahim Boughali]]|lowerhouse_appointer=Direct popular vote ([[Two-round system|two rounds if necessary]])|lowerhouse=[[People's National Assembly]]|legislature_type=[[Bicameral]]|legislature_place=Nations Palace|law=[[Law of Algeria]]|appointer_hos=Direct popular vote ([[Two-round system|two rounds if necessary]])|judiciary=[[Judiciary of Algeria]]|image_size=140|image=|government=[[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Semi-presidential system|semi‑presidential]] [[Republic|constitutional republic]]|current_hos=[[Abdelmadjid Tebboune]]|current_hog=[[Nadir Larbaoui]]|current_cabinet=[[Larbaoui government]]|constitution=[[Constitution of Algeria|Constitution of People's Democratic Republic of Algeria]]|caption=National emblem of Algeria|cabinet_ministries=32|cabinet_leader=Prime Minister|cabinet_hq=Government Palace|cabinet_appointer=President of the Republic|cabinet=[[Cabinet of Algeria|Council of Ministers of Algeria]]|upperhouse_speaker_title=[[List of presidents of the Council of the Nation (Algeria)|President of the Council of the Nation]]|court=[[Council of State (Algeria)|Council of State]]|chief_judge=[[Farida Benyahia]]|court1=[[Superior Committee of Justice (Algeria)|Superior Committee of Justice]]|chief_judge1=President of the Republic|court2=[[Constitutional Court (Algeria)|Constitutional Court]]|chief_judge2=[[Kamel Fenniche]]|court3=[[Supreme Court of Algeria|Supreme Court]]|chief_judge3=[[Abdelrrachid Tabbi]]}}{{Politics of Algeria}}
'''Politics of Algeria''' takes place in a framework of a constitutional [[semi-presidential system|semi-presidential]] [[republic]], whereby the [[President of Algeria]] is [[head of state]] while the [[Prime Minister of Algeria]] is the [[head of government]]. [[Executive power]] is exercised by the government. [[Legislative power]] is vested in both the [[government]] and the two chambers of parliament, the  [[People's National Assembly]] and the [[Council of the Nation]].

Since the early 1990s, a shift from a socialist to a free [[market economy]] has been ongoing with official support.

==History==
The [[Algerian Civil War|civil war]] resulted in more than 100,000 deaths since 1991. However, Algerians believe that the national death count was close to 3,000,000.  Although the security situation in the country has greatly improved, addressing the underlying issues which brought about the political turmoil of the 1990s remains the government's major task. The government officially lifted the [[state of emergency]] declared in 1999.<ref name="army_should_quit">{{cite news | first=Lamine | last=Chikhi | title=Algeria army should quit politics: opposition | date=2011-01-21 | publisher=[[Thomson Reuters]] | url=https://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE70K02X20110121?sp=true |access-date=2011-01-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119202046/http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE70K02X20110121?sp=true |archive-date=2012-01-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Constitution==
Under the [[Constitution of Algeria|1976 Constitution]] (as modified 1979, and amended in 1988, 1989, and 1996) Algeria is a multi-party state. All parties must be approved by the Ministry of the Interior. To date, Algeria has had more than 40 legal political parties. According to the Constitution, no political association may be formed if it is "based on differences in religion, language, race, gender, or region."

==Executive branch==
{{See also|Cabinet of Algeria}}
The head of state is the President of the republic, who is elected to a five-year term, renewable once (changed by the 2008 Constitution to an infinite mandate but reinstated in 2016). Algeria has universal suffrage. The President is the head of the Council of Ministers and of the High Security Council. He appoints the Prime Minister who also is the head of government. The Prime Minister appoints the Council of Ministers.
{{office-table}}
|[[President of Algeria|President]]
|[[Abdelmadjid Tebboune]]
|[[Independent candidate|Independent]]
|19 December 2019
|-
|[[Prime Minister of Algeria|Prime Minister]]
|[[Nadir Larbaoui]]
|[[Independent candidate|Independent]]
|11 November 2023
|}

==Parliament of Algeria==
{{Main|Parliament of Algeria}}

===People's National Assembly===
{{Main|People's National Assembly}}
[[File:Assemblée populaire nationale (Algérie).jpg|thumb|[[People's National Assembly building (Algiers)]].]]
The [[People's National Assembly]] has less power relative to the executive branch than many parliaments and has been described as "rubber-stamping" laws proposed by the president.<ref name=bbc/>

As of 2012 there were 462 seats in parliament. In the May 2012 election the government reported a 42.9% turnout, though the BBC reported that correspondents saw "only a trickle of voters" at polling places.<ref name=bbc>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-18016899  Algeria votes in parliamentary elections] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415130834/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-18016899 |date=2019-04-15 }} 10 May 2012</ref> In that election 44 political parties participated with the ruling [[National Liberation Front (Algeria)|National Liberation Front]] winning more than any other group—220 seats—and an alliance of moderate Islamists coming in second with 66 seats. The Islamists disputed the results.<ref>[http://www.voanews.com/english/news/Algerias-Moderate-Islamist-Coalition-Suffers-Setback-151141215.html Ruling Party Wins Big in Algerian Elections]{{dead link|date=April 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}| voanews.com| May 11, 2012
</ref>

===Council of the Nation===
{{Main|Council of the Nation}}

==Political parties and elections==
{{elect|List of political parties in Algeria|Elections in Algeria}}
In keeping with its amended Constitution, the Algerian Government espouses participatory democracy and free-market competition. The government has stated that it will continue to open the political process and encourage the creation of political institutions. More than 40 political parties, representing a wide segment of the population, are currently active in Algerian national politics. The most recent legislative election was 2017. President Bouteflika pledged to restructure the state as part of his overall reform efforts. However, no specifics are yet available as to how such reforms would affect political structures and the political process itself.

In the 2002 elections, there were 17,951,127 eligible voters, and 8,288,536 of them actually voted which made a turn out of 46.17%. Out of the ballots cast, there were 867,669 void ballots according to the Interior ministry and 7,420,867 which went to the various candidates.

===Legislative elections===
The most recent legislative election now is the 2017 one:
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:right
|-
!colspan=2|Party
!Votes
!%
!Seats
!+/-
|-
|bgcolor=#556627| ||align=left|[[National Liberation Front (Algeria)|National Liberation Front]]||1,681,321||25.99||164||–44
|-
|bgcolor=green| ||align=left|[[National Rally for Democracy (Algeria)|National Rally for Democracy]]||964,560||14.91||100||+32
|-
| ||align=left|[[Movement of Society for Peace|MSP]]–[[Front of Change|FC]]||393,632||6.09||33||–
|-
| ||align=left|[[Rally for Hope for Algeria]]||270,112||4.18||19||New
|-
| ||align=left|[[Future Front]]||265,564||4.11||14||+12
|-
| ||align=left|[[Algerian Popular Movement]]||241,087||3.73||13||+6
|-
| ||align=left|[[Islamic Renaissance Movement|Ennahda]]–[[Justice and Development Front|FJD]]|||239,148||3.70||15||–
|-
|bgcolor="red"| ||align=left|[[Workers' Party (Algeria)|Workers' Party]]||191,965||2.97||11||–13
|-
|bgcolor="blue"| ||align=left|[[Socialist Forces Front]]||152,489||2.36||14||–13
|-
| ||align=left|[[National Republican Alliance]]||121,156||1.87||6||+4
|-
| ||align=left|[[Freedom and Justice Party (Algeria)|Freedom and Justice Party]]||88,418||1.37||2||
|-
| ||align=left|[[New Dawn (Algeria)|New Dawn]]||82,993||1.28||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Dignity Party (Algeria)|Dignity Party]]||81,180||1.26||3||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Movement for National Reform]]||77,290||1.19||1||–
|-
| ||align=left|[[El Fath]]||69,063||1.07||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Rally for Culture and Democracy]]||65,841||1.02||9||+9
|-
| ||align=left|[[National Front for Social Justice]]||63,827||0.99||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Party of Youth]]||63,682||0.98||2||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Movement of National Understanding]]||51,960||0.80||4||
|-
| ||align=left|[[New Algeria Front]]||49,413||0.76||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Independante El Wihda]]||42,757||0.66||3||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Ahd 54]]||42,160||0.65||2||–1
|-
| ||align=left|[[Republican Patriotic Rally]]||40,645||0.63||2||0
|-
| ||align=left|[[El-Infitah Movement]]||38,061||0.59||1||1
|-
| ||align=left|[[National Struggle Front]]||34,695||0.54||2||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Union of Democratic and Social Forces]]||33,372||0.52||1||–2
|-
| ||align=left|[[National Front for Freedom]]||31,976||0.49||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Free Democratic Front]]||28,790||0.45||2||
|-
| ||align=left|[[National Party for Solidarity and Development]]||28,617||0.44||2||–2
|-
| ||align=left|[[Party of Algerian Renewal]]||24,584||0.38||1||0
|-
| ||align=left|[[National Assembly Union]]||17,577||0.27||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[El Taouasol]]||16,334||0.25||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[National Union for Development]]||15,037||0.23||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[El Hillal]]||14,582||0.23||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[National Movement of Algerian Workers]]||14,369||0.22||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Movement of Free Citizens (Algeria)|Movement of Free Citizens]]||14,085||0.22||1||0
|-
| ||align=left|[[Equity and Proclamation Party]]||13,400||0.21||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Hope and Work]]||12,803||0.20||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Nidaa El Awfiaa]]||12,224||0.19||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[El Wafa Wa Tawassol]]||12,170||0.19||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[El Wihda Oua Ettadaoul]]||10,771||0.17||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[El Wafa]]||10,561||0.16||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Voice of the People (Algeria)|Voice of the People]]||9,831||0.15||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Abnaa Echaab]]||9,427||0.15||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[El Ouancharisse]]||9,046||0.14||2||
|-
| ||align=left|[[En Nadjah]]||9,019||0.14||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[El Ichrak]]||8,901||0.14||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[El Moubadara]]||8,662||0.13||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Elamel]]||8,388||0.13||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Al Kafaa Wal Masdakia]]||7,856||0.12||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Old Ksar]]||7,149||0.11||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Sawt Echaab]]||6,652||0.10||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Izewran Independent List]]||6,402||0.10||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[El Amel]]||6,361||0.10||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Independent Citizen Alternative List]]||5,977||0.09||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[El Darrouri]]||5,675||0.09||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Forsane Ouargla]]||5,414||0.08||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[El Badr]]||5,161||0.08||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[El Noor]]||4,549||0.07||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Citizen Initiative (Algeria)|Citizen Initiative]]||4,309||0.07||1||
|-
| ||align=left|[[Algerian National Front]]||rowspan=2|615,130||rowspan=2|9.51||0||–9
|-
| ||align=left|Other parties||0||–
|-
|align=left colspan=2|Invalid/blank votes||1,757,043||–||–||–
|-
|align=left colspan=2|'''Total'''||'''8,225,223'''||'''100'''||'''462'''||'''0'''
|- 
|align=left colspan=2|Registered voters/turnout||23,251,503||37.37||–||–
|-
|align=left colspan=6|Source: Constitutional Council<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170523101529/http://www.conseil-constitutionnel.dz/CommuniqueFr_2_2017.htm</ref>
|}

===Presidential elections===
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right
!colspan=2|Candidate
!Party
!Votes
!%
|-
|bgcolor={{party color|Independent}}| ||align=left|[[Abdelmadjid Tebboune]]||align=left|Independent||4,945,116||58.15
|-
|bgcolor=#0066cc| ||align=left|[[Abdelkader Bengrina]]||align=left|El Binaa||1,477,735||17.38
|-
|bgcolor=#0E6333| ||align=left|[[Ali Benflis]]||align=left|Talaie El Houriyate||896,934||10.55
|-
|bgcolor={{party color|Democratic National Rally}}| ||align=left|[[Azzedine Mihoubi]]||align=left|[[Democratic National Rally]]||617,753||7.26
|-
|bgcolor=#189F48| ||align=left|[[Abdelaziz Belaïd]]|| align="left" |El Moustakbal Front||566,808||6.66
|-
|align=left colspan=3|Spoiled ballots||1,243,458||–
|-
|align=left colspan=3|Disputed votes||11,588||–
|-
|align=left colspan=3|'''Total valid votes'''||'''8,504,346'''||'''100'''
|-
|colspan=3 align=left|Total (valid + spoiled)||9,759,392||
|-
|align=left colspan=3|Registered voters and percent turnout||24,474,161||39.88
|-
|align=left colspan=5|Source: APS<ref>http://www.aps.dz/en/algeria/32267-presidential-election-preliminary-results</ref>
|}

==Administrative divisions==
Algeria is divided into 58 [[Wilayas of Algeria|wilaya]] (province) headed by walis (governors) who report to the Minister of Interior. Each wilaya is further divided into daïras, themselves divided in communes. The wilayas and communes are each governed by an elected assembly.

==Media==
Algeria has more than 30 daily newspapers published in French and Arabic, with a total publication run of more than 1.5 million copies. Although relatively free to write as they choose, in 2001, the government amended the penal code provisions relating to defamation and slander, a step widely viewed as an effort to rein in the press. Government monopoly of newsprint and advertising is seen as another means to influence the press, although it has permitted newspapers to create their own printing distribution networks.

See also [[List of Algerian newspapers]].

== International organization participation ==
[[African Union|AU]], [[ABEDA]], [[African Development Bank|AfDB]], [[Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development|AFESD]], [[Arab League|AL]], [[Arab Monetary Fund|AMF]], [[Arab Maghreb Union|AMU]], [[United Nations Economic Commission for Africa|ECA]], [[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]], [[Group of 15|G-15]], [[Group of 19|G-19]], [[Group of 24|G-24]], [[Group of 77|G-77]], [[International Atomic Energy Agency|IAEA]], [[International Bank for Reconstruction and Development|IBRD]], [[International Civil Aviation Organization|ICAO]], [[International Confederation of Free Trade Unions|ICFTU]], [[International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement|ICRM]], [[International Development Association|IDA]], [[Islamic Development Bank|IDB]], [[International Fund for Agricultural Development|IFAD]], [[International Finance Corporation|IFC]], [[International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement|IFRCS]], [[International Hydrographic Organization|IHO]], [[International Labour Organization|ILO]], [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]], [[International Maritime Organization]], [[International Mobile Satellite Organization|Inmarsat]], [[Intelsat]], [[Interpol (organization)|Interpol]], [[INTOSAI]], [[IOC]], [[International Organization for Migration|IOM]] (observer), [[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]], [[International Telecommunication Union|ITU]], [[MONUC]], [[Non-Aligned Movement|NAM]], [[Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries|OAPEC]], [[Organization of American States|OAS]], [[Organisation of Islamic Cooperation|OIC]], [[Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons|OPCW]], [[Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries|OPEC]], [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]] (partner), [[United Nations|UN]], [[United Nations Conference on Trade and Development|UNCTAD]], [[UNESCO]], [[United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees|UNHCR]], [[United Nations Industrial Development Organization|UNIDO]], [[World Tourism Organization|UNWTO]], [[Universal Postal Union|UPU]], [[World Confederation of Labour|WCL]], [[World Customs Organization|WCO]], [[World Health Organization|WHO]], [[World Intellectual Property Organization|WIPO]], [[World Meteorological Organization|WMO]], [[World Trade Organization|WTO]] (applicant)

==See also==

*[[2010–2011 Algerian protests]]
*[[Censorship in Algeria]]
*[[Ministry of Justice (Algeria)]]
*[[Government Palace (Algiers)]]
*[[El Mouradia Palace]]

{{Portal|Politics|Algeria}}

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=Note}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links ==

{{Africa in topic|Politics of}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Politics of Algeria| ]]