Editing Pat Buchanan

{{short description|American politician and commentator (born 1938)}}
{{for|the American guitarist|Pat Buchanan (musician)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Pat Buchanan
| image               = Patrickjbuchanan.JPG
| caption             = Buchanan in 2008
| office              = [[White House Communications Director]]
| president           = [[Ronald Reagan]]
| term_start          = February 6, 1985
| term_end            = March 1, 1987
| predecessor         = [[Michael A. McManus Jr.]]
| successor           = [[Jack Koehler]]
| birth_name          = Patrick Joseph Buchanan
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1938|11|2}}
| birth_place         = [[Washington, D.C.]], U.S.
| death_date          = 
| death_place         = 
| party               = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] (before 1999, 2004–present)
| otherparty          = [[Reform Party of the United States of America|Reform]] (1999–2002)
[[Independent politician|Independent]] (2002–2004)
| spouse              = {{marriage|Shelley Ann Scarney|1971}}
| education           = [[Georgetown University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])<br />[[Columbia University]] ([[Master of Arts|MA]])
| website             = {{official URL}}
}}
{{Conservatism US|politicians}}
'''Patrick Joseph Buchanan''' ({{IPAc-en|b|juː|ˈ|k|æ|n|ə|n}} {{respell|bew|KAN|ən}}; born November 2, 1938) is an American [[Paleoconservatism|paleoconservative]]<ref>[http://www.nationalreview.com/frum/frum031903.asp "Unpatriotic Conservatives"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100108140516/http://www.nationalreview.com/frum/frum031903.asp |date=January 8, 2010 }} [[David Frum]], April 7, 2003, ''[[National Review]]''.</ref> author, political commentator, and politician. He was an assistant and special consultant to U.S. presidents [[Richard Nixon]], [[Gerald Ford]], and [[Ronald Reagan]].<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |url=https://global.britannica.com/biography/Patrick-J-Buchanan|title=Pat Buchanan Biography & Facts|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopedia Britannica]]|access-date=June 7, 2018|language=en}}</ref> He is an influential figure in the modern [[paleoconservative]] movement in America.

In [[1992 Republican Party presidential primaries|1992]] and [[1996 Republican Party presidential primaries|1996]], Buchanan sought the [[United States Republican Party|Republican]] presidential nomination. In 1992, he ran against incumbent president [[George H. W. Bush]], campaigning against Bush's breaking of his "[[Read my lips: no new taxes]]" pledge, as well as his foreign policy, his trade and immigration policy, and his positions on social issues. At the [[1992 Republican National Convention]], Buchanan delivered his "[[Culture war#1991–2001: Rise in prominence|culture war]]" speech in support of the nominated President Bush. In 1996, [[Pat Buchanan 1996 presidential campaign|he ran against]] eventual Republican nominee [[Bob Dole]], but withdrew after getting only 21 percent of Republican primary votes. In [[2000 United States presidential election|2000]], he was the [[Reform Party of the United States of America|Reform Party]]'s presidential nominee. His [[Pat Buchanan 2000 presidential campaign|campaign]] centered on [[non-interventionism]] in foreign affairs, opposition to illegal immigration, and opposition to the outsourcing of manufacturing from free trade. He selected educator and conservative activist [[Ezola Foster]] as his running-mate. Despite his own terminology of self-identification, expressed in the desire to be called a "supporter of the doctrine of disengagement", his [[foreign policy]] views have been categorized as [[Isolationism|isolationist]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Artyukhov |first=A. A. |year=2014 |title=Isolationism of Patrick J. Buchanan: Problem of Self-Identification |url=https://journals.tsutmb.ru/a8/upload/2018-04/169-178_%D0%A0%D1%92%D0%A1%D0%82%D0%A1%E2%80%9A%D0%A1%D0%8B%D0%A1%E2%80%A6%D0%A0%D1%95%D0%A0%D0%86.pdf |journal=Tambov University Review: Series Humanities |volume=4 |language=ru |publication-place=Tambov, Russia |issue=132 |page=176 |issn=1810-0201 |eissn=2782-5825}}</ref>

In 2002, he co-founded ''[[The American Conservative]]'' magazine and launched a foundation named The American Cause.<ref>{{Cite book |title=American credo: the place of ideas in US politics|url=https://archive.org/details/americancredopla00fole|url-access=limited|first=Michael |last=Foley|publisher=Oxford University Press |location=US|year=2007|isbn=978-0-19-923267-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/americancredopla00fole/page/n326 318]}}</ref> He has been published in ''[[Occidental Observer|The Occidental Observer]]'', ''[[Human Events]], [[National Review]], [[The Nation]],'' and ''[[Rolling Stone]]''. The original host on [[CNN]]'s ''[[Crossfire (U.S. TV program)|Crossfire]]'', he was a political commentator on the [[MSNBC]] cable network, including the show ''[[Morning Joe]]'' until February 2012, later appearing on [[Fox News]]. Buchanan was also a regular panelist on ''[[The McLaughlin Group]]''.  Many of his views, particularly his opposition to [[American imperialism]] and the [[managerial state]], echo those of the [[Old Right (United States)|Old Right]] Republicans of the first half of the 20th century. Starting in 2006, Buchanan had been a frequent contributor to [[VDARE]]<ref name="splcenter.org">{{Cite web|last1=Hayden|first1=Michael Edison|last2=Gais|first2=Hannah|url=https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2020/12/14/white-nationalists-sought-resumes-trump-white-house-emails-show|title=White Nationalists Sought Resumes for Trump White House, Emails Show|date=December 14, 2020|access-date=June 18, 2021|website=Southern Poverty Law Center|language=en|quote=To date, her byline [Ann Coulter] has appeared on VDARE's website nearly 400 times across a span of seven years, making her arguably the most famous person on it, along with anti-immigrant politician Pat Buchanan.}}</ref><ref name="VDare">{{Cite web|title=VDare|url=https://www.influencewatch.org/non-profit/vdare/|access-date=June 18, 2021|website=www.influencewatch.org|language=en-US}}</ref> until his retirement in 2023.<ref name="VDare"/>
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==Early life and education==
Buchanan was born in [[Washington, D.C.]], on November 2, 1938, to William Baldwin Buchanan (August 13, 1905, in [[Virginia]] – January 19, 1988 in Washington, D.C.), a partner in an accounting firm], and his wife Catherine Elizabeth (Crum) Buchanan (December 23, 1911, in [[Charleroi, Pennsylvania]] – September 18, 1995, in [[Oakton, Virginia]]), a nurse and homemaker.<ref name=wargs>{{cite web|url=http://www.wargs.com/political/buchanan.html |title=The Ancestry of Pat Buchanan |publisher=Wargs|first1=William Addams|last1=Reitwiesner|first2=Nolan Kent|last2=Moran|first3=Julie Helen|last3=Otto |access-date=June 13, 2010}}</ref><ref name="ThomsonGale-Bio">{{cite web|url=http://www.notablebiographies.com/Br-Ca/Buchanan-Pat.html|work=Notable Biographies|title=Pat Buchanan Biography |access-date=November 1, 2006 |publisher=Thomson Gale}}</ref> 

Buchanan had six brothers (Brian, Henry, James, John, Thomas, and William Jr.) and two sisters (Kathleen Theresa and [[Angela Marie Buchanan|Angela Marie]] (nicknamed Bay). Bay served as [[Treasurer of the United States|U.S. Treasurer]] during the [[Presidency of Ronald Reagan|Reagan administration]]. Buchanan's father was of [[Irish American|Irish]], [[English American|English]], and [[Scottish American|Scottish]] ancestry, and his mother was of [[German American|German]] descent.<ref name=wargs /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/buchanan.html|title=Index to Politicians:Buchanan|website=[[The Political Graveyard]]|access-date=August 8, 2013}}</ref> He had a great-grandfather who fought in the [[American Civil War]] in the [[Confederate States Army]], which earned Buchanan membership in the [[Sons of Confederate Veterans]].<ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.theamericancause.org/pathatedixie.htm|contribution=Why Do the Neocons Hate Dixie So?|title=The American Cause|publisher=Patrick 'Pat' Joseph Buchanan|first=Patrick 'Pat' Joseph|last=Buchanan|date=November 26, 2003|access-date=June 13, 2010|archive-date=March 25, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325052748/http://www.theamericancause.org/pathatedixie.htm}}</ref> He admires [[Robert E. Lee]], [[Douglas MacArthur]], and [[Joseph McCarthy]].<ref name=WaPo-Ironfist>{{cite news|last=Allen|first=Henry|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1992/02/17/the-iron-fist-of-pat-buchanan/832ad9b5-783d-425c-a792-b5fc5bc8e70a/|title=The Iron Fist of Pat Buchanan|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=February 17, 1992}}</ref>

Buchanan described his [[Southern United States|Southern]] ancestry, writing:<ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-12-03 |title=The American Conservative -- Why Do They Hate Dixie? uurl=http://www.amconmag.com/article/2003/dec/01/00007/ | url=http://www.amconmag.com/article/2003/dec/01/00007/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101203050308/http://www.amconmag.com/article/2003/dec/01/00007/ |archive-date=December 3, 2010 }}</ref>

{{blockquote | text = I have family roots in the South, in Mississippi. When the Civil War came, Cyrus Baldwin enlisted and did not survive Vicksburg. William Buchanan of Okolona, who would marry Baldwin's daughter, fought at Atlanta and was captured by General Sherman. William Baldwin Buchanan was the name given to my father and by him to my late brother.

As a member of the Sons of Confederate Veterans, I have been to their gatherings. I spoke at the 2001 SCV convention in Lafayette, LA. The Military Order of the Stars and Bars presented me with a battle flag and a wooden canteen like the ones my ancestors carried.<ref>{{cite news|last=Buchanan|first=Patrick 'Pat' Joseph|title=Why Do They Hate Dixie?|url=http://www.amconmag.com/article/2003/dec/01/00007/|access-date=December 28, 2011|newspaper=The American Conservative|date=December 1, 2003}}</ref> |source=}}

Buchanan was born into a [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] family and attended [[Catholic schools]], including the [[Jesuit]]-run [[Gonzaga College High School]] in Washington, D.C. He then attended [[Georgetown University]], where participated in the [[Reserve Officers' Training Corps]] (ROTC) program, but did not it. In 1960, he graduated with a [[Bachelor of Arts|bachelors degree]] in English. He subsequently received his draft notice, but the District of Columbia Draft Board exempted Buchanan from military service because of [[reactive arthritis]], classifying him as [[Class 1-A|4-F]]. He then attended the [[Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism|Graduate School of Journalism]] at [[Columbia University]], where he wrote his thesis on the expanding trade between [[Canada]] and [[Cuba]] and was awarded a master's degree in journalism in 1962.<ref name="telegraph">{{cite news|last1=Lichfield|first1=John|title=America's artful draft dodgers: John Lichfield in Washington on the loyal servants who did not serve in Vietnam|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas-artful-draft-dodgers-john-lichfield-in-washington-on-the-loyal-servants-who-did-not-serve-1551104.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220525/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas-artful-draft-dodgers-john-lichfield-in-washington-on-the-loyal-servants-who-did-not-serve-1551104.html |archive-date=May 25, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date=March 6, 2017|newspaper=The Independent|location=London|date=September 12, 1992}}</ref>

==Career==
===''St. Louis Globe-Democrat'' editorial writer===
After receiving his master's degree, at age 23, Buchanan joined the ''[[St. Louis Globe-Democrat]]''. In 1961, during the first year of the [[United States embargo against Cuba|U.S. embargo against Cuba]] following the [[Cuban Revolution]], trade between Canada and Cuba tripled. The ''Globe-Democrat'' published a rewrite of Buchanan's Columbia master's project under the eight-column banner "Canada sells to Red Cuba — And Prospers" eight weeks after Buchanan started at the paper. In his memoir, ''Right from the Beginning'', he considered the column a career milestone, though he later said the embargo against Cuba strengthened the communist regime and opposed it.<ref name="NCPA-Trade">{{cite web|url=http://www.ncpa.org/pd/trade/pd010300a.html|title=Buchanan Is Right on Trade Sanctions|date=January 3, 2000|access-date=November 1, 2006|work=Daily Policy Digest|publisher=[[National Center for Policy Analysis]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060616125508/http://www.ncpa.org/pd/trade/pd010300a.html|archive-date=June 16, 2006 }}</ref> In 1964, Buchanan was promoted to assistant editorial page editor, and he supported [[Barry Goldwater]]'s [[Barry Goldwater 1964 presidential campaign|presidential campaign]] that year, though the ''Globe-Democrat'' did not endorse Goldwater. Buchanan speculated there was a clandestine agreement between the newspaper and incumbent U.S. president [[Lyndon B. Johnson]]. Buchanan recalled, "the conservative movement has always advanced from its defeats...I can't think of a single conservative who was sorry about the Goldwater campaign."<ref name=WaPo-Ironfist /> 

Buchanan authored the forward to several editions of Goldwater's book, ''[[The Conscience of a Conservative]]''.<!-- Possibly only in the 1990 and 1994 editions --> He was a member of [[Young Americans for Freedom]] and wrote press releases for the organization. In 1965, he was executive assistant at [[Mudge Rose Guthrie Alexander & Ferdon|Nixon, Mudge, Rose, Guthrie, Alexander, and Mitchell]], the law firm where [[Richard Nixon]] launched his professional comeback following his [[Richard Nixon's resignation speech|resignation]] in August 1974 over the [[Watergate scandal]].

===Nixon White House===
[[File:Portrait of Patrick Buchanan, presidential aide - NARA - 194638.jpg|thumb|Buchanan in 1969]]
The next year, he was the first adviser hired by [[Richard Nixon 1968 presidential campaign|Nixon's presidential campaign]];<ref name="Trialbyfire">{{cite news|last=Bruan|first=Stephen|title=A Trial by Fire in the '60s|work=Los Angeles Times|date=December 18, 1994}}</ref> he worked primarily as an [[opposition researcher]]. The highly partisan speeches Buchanan wrote were consciously aimed at [[Richard Nixon]]'s dedicated supporters, for which his colleagues soon nicknamed him Mr. Inside.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Schell|first=Jonathan|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1975/06/02/the-time-of-illusion|title=The Time of Illusion|magazine=The New Yorker|date=June 2, 1975|access-date=April 27, 2020}}</ref> Buchanan traveled with Nixon throughout the campaigns of 1966 and 1968. He made toured Western Europe, Africa and, following the [[Six-Day War]], the [[Middle East]].

During the course of [[Presidency of Richard Nixon|Nixon's presidency]], Buchanan became entrusted on press relations, policy positions, and political strategy.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kansaspress.ku.edu/978-0-7006-2829-2.html|title=Advising Nixon: The White House Memos of Patrick J. Buchanan|last=Cox Han|first=Lori|date=2019|website=kansaspress.ku.edu|publisher=University Press of Kansas|access-date=January 13, 2020|archive-date=January 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200113151212/https://kansaspress.ku.edu/978-0-7006-2829-2.html}}</ref> Early on during Nixon's presidency, Buchanan worked as a [[White House]] [[Executive Office of the President of the United States|assistant and speechwriter]] for Nixon and Vice President [[Spiro Agnew]]. Buchanan coined the phrase "[[Silent majority|Silent Majority]]," and helped shape the strategy that drew millions of [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] to Nixon. In a 1972 memo, he suggested the White House "should move to re-capture the [[Anti-establishment|anti-Establishment]] tradition or theme in American politics."<ref name="BuchananInc">{{cite news|url=http://www.thenation.com/docprint.mhtml?i=19991122&s=paulsen|archive-url=https://archive.today/20050428142022/http://www.thenation.com/docprint.mhtml?i=19991122&s=paulsen|archive-date=April 28, 2005|title=Buchanan Inc.|last=Paulsen|first=Monte|work=Nation|date=November 22, 1999|access-date=November 1, 2006 }}</ref> His daily assignments included developing political strategy, publishing the President's ''Daily News Summary'', and preparing briefing books for news conferences. He accompanied Nixon on his [[1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China|trip to China]] in 1972 and the summit in [[Moscow]], [[Yalta]] and [[Minsk]] in 1974. He suggested that Nixon label Democratic opponent [[George McGovern]] an extremist and burn the [[Watergate tapes|White House tapes]].<ref name="Greatrighthope">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1987/01/08/pat-buchanan-the-great-right-hope/fa22d906-0c01-4fb8-bd04-7d493f160b01/|title=Pat Buchanan and the Great Right Hope|last=Blumenthal|first=Sidney|date=January 8, 1987|newspaper=The Washington Post|page=C01|access-date=November 1, 2006}}</ref> Buchanan later argued that Nixon would have survived the [[Watergate scandal]] with his reputation intact if he had burnt the tapes.<ref>Graff, Garrett M. (2022). ''Watergate: A New History'' (1 ed.). New York: Avid Reader Press. p. 456. {{ISBN|978-1-9821-3916-2}}. {{OCLC|1260107112}}.</ref>

Buchanan remained as a special assistant to Nixon through the final days of the Watergate scandal. He was not accused of wrongdoing, though some mistakenly suspected him of being [[Deep Throat (Watergate)|Deep Throat]]. In 2005 when the actual identity of the press leak was revealed as [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] Associate Director [[W. Mark Felt|Mark Felt]], Buchanan called him "sneaky," "dishonest" and "criminal."<ref name="Feltnohero">{{cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna8060320|title=Nixon aides say Felt is no hero|publisher=NBC News|date=June 1, 2005|access-date=November 1, 2006}}</ref> Because of his role in the Nixon campaign's "attack group," Buchanan appeared before the [[United States Senate Watergate Committee|Senate Watergate Committee]] on September 26, 1973. He told the panel: "The mandate that the American people gave to this president and his administration cannot, and will not, be frustrated or repealed or overthrown as a consequence of the incumbent tragedy".<ref name="Greatrighthope" />

When Nixon resigned in 1974, Buchanan briefly stayed on as special assistant under incoming President [[Gerald Ford]]. Chief of Staff [[Alexander Haig]] offered Buchanan his choice of three open ambassador posts, including [[South Africa]], for which Buchanan opted. President Ford initially signed off on the appointment, but then rescinded it after it was prematurely reported in the ''Evans-Novak Political Report'' and caused controversy, especially among the U.S. diplomatic corps.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://geraldrfordfoundation.org/centennial/oralhistory/pat-buchanan/|title=Pat Buchanan|date=May 29, 2013}}</ref>

Buchanan remarked about [[Watergate]]: "The lost opportunity to move against the political forces frustrating the expressed national will ... To effect a political counterrevolution in the capital—&nbsp;... there is no substitute for a principled and dedicated man of the [[Right-wing politics|Right]] in the Oval Office".<ref name="Greatrighthope" />

Long after his resignation, Nixon called Buchanan a confidant and said he was neither a [[Racism in the United States|racist]] nor an [[Antisemitism in the United States|antisemite]] nor a bigot or "hater," but a "decent, patriotic American." Nixon said Buchanan had "some strong views," such as his "isolationist" foreign policy, with which he disagreed. While Nixon did not think Buchanan should become president, he said the commentator "should be heard."<ref>{{Citation|title=1992 Nixon Interview|contribution=Part 2, Bush's Foreign Policy|publisher=CNN|date=April 23, 1994}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Larry King Live|type=transcript|at=#1102 (R-#469)|publisher=CNN|date=April 23, 1994}}</ref> However, according to a memo President Nixon sent to [[John Ehrlichman]] in 1970, Nixon characterized Buchanan's attitude towards integration as "[[segregation now|segregation forever]]."<ref>{{cite news|last=Warren|first=James|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1991-06-20-9102240513-story.html|title=Family Feud|work=Chicago Tribune|date=June 20, 1991|access-date=April 27, 2020}}</ref> Following Nixon's re-election in 1972, Buchanan himself had written in a memo to Nixon suggesting he should not "fritter away his present high support in the nation for an ill-advised governmental effort to forcibly integrate races."<ref name="SalonTapper">{{cite news|url=https://www.salon.com/1999/09/04/pat/|title=Who's afraid of Pat Buchanan?|work=Salon|date=September 4, 1999|author=Tapper, Jake|author-link=Jake Tapper|access-date=April 27, 2020}}</ref>

===News commentator===
[[File:Bush Contact Sheet P08010 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Buchanan greeting President [[George H. W. Bush]] in 1989]]
Buchanan returned to his column and began regular appearances as a broadcast host and political commentator. He co-hosted a three-hour daily radio show with liberal columnist [[Tom Braden]] called the ''Buchanan-Braden Program''. He delivered daily commentaries on [[NBC]] radio from 1978 to 1984. Buchanan started his TV career as a regular on ''[[The McLaughlin Group]]'' and CNN's ''[[Crossfire (U.S. TV program)|Crossfire]]'' (inspired by ''Buchanan-Braden'') and ''The Capital Gang'', making him nationally recognizable. His several stints on ''Crossfire'' occurred between 1982 and 1999; his sparring partners included Braden, [[Michael Kinsley]], [[Geraldine Ferraro]], and [[Bill Press]].

Buchanan was a regular panelist on ''[[The McLaughlin Group]]''. He appeared most Sundays alongside [[John McLaughlin (host)|John McLaughlin]] and the more liberal Newsweek journalist [[Eleanor Clift]]. His columns are syndicated nationally by [[Creators Syndicate]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.creators.com/opinion/pat-buchanan.html|title=The Enemy of My Enemy on|publisher=Creators.com|access-date=March 29, 2015}}</ref>

===Reagan White House===
[[File:Pat Buchanan 1985b (cropped).jpg|thumb|Buchanan in 1985]]
Buchanan served as [[White House Communications Director]] from February 1985 to March 1987.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-02-04-mn-524-story.html|title=Buchanan Will Leave White House Post|work=Los Angeles Times|date=February 4, 1987|access-date=March 29, 2015}}</ref> In a speech to the [[National Religious Broadcasters]] in 1986, Buchanan said of the [[Presidency of Ronald Reagan|Reagan administration]]: "Whether President Reagan has charted a new course that will set our compass for decades{{mdash}}or whether history will see him as the conservative interruption in a process of inexorable national decline{{mdash}}is yet to be determined".<ref name="Greatrighthope" />

A year later, he remarked that "the greatest vacuum in American politics is to the right of [[Ronald Reagan]]."<ref name="Greatrighthope" /> While her brother was working for Reagan, [[Bay Buchanan]] started a "Buchanan for President" movement in June 1986. She said the conservative movement needed a leader, but Buchanan was initially ambivalent.<ref name="Greatrighthope" /> After leaving the White House, he returned to his column and ''Crossfire''. Out of respect for [[Jack Kemp]] he sat out the 1988 race, although Kemp later became his adversary.<ref name="BuchananInc" />

==Political campaigns==

===1992 presidential primaries===
{{Main|1992 Republican Party presidential primaries}}
[[File:Patbuchanan.gif|thumb|right|Logo used for Buchanan's 1992 and 1996 campaigns]]
[[File:Conservative politician Pat Buchanan at the Capitol in Tallahassee, Florida.jpg|thumb|right|Buchanan at the [[Florida State Capitol]] in 1992]]

Buchanan was highly critical of the foreign and economic policies of the [[Presidency of George H. W. Bush|George H.W. Bush administration]], particularly Bush's breaking of his 1988 "[[Read my lips: no new taxes]]" pledge.<ref name="NYT 92 reflection">{{cite news |title=The Problem With 'Read My Lips'|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/10/15/opinion/the-problem-with-read-my-lips.html |access-date=November 28, 2021 |work=The New York Times |date=November 1, 2020 |page=26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101105354/https://www.nytimes.com/1992/10/15/opinion/the-problem-with-read-my-lips.html |archive-date=November 1, 2020 |quote=Even so, voters could not forget the fiercely dramatic 1988 pledge. Playing to feelings of inconstancy, Patrick Buchanan challenged Mr. Bush in Presidential primaries.}}</ref> In 1990, Buchanan published a newsletter called ''Patrick J. Buchanan: From the Right''; it sent subscribers a bumper sticker reading: "Read Our Lips! No new taxes."<ref name="1990 sticker">{{Citation|last=Hays|type=column|title=The Washington Times|date=July 27, 1990 }}</ref> In the [[1992 Republican Party presidential primaries]], Buchanan challenged Bush in his bid for re-nomination by the Republican Party, launching his campaign in December 1991.<ref>{{cite web|first1=Robin|last1=Toner|title=Buchanan, Urging New Nationalism, Joins '92 Race |date=December 11, 1991|website=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/11/us/buchanan-urging-new-nationalism-joins-92-race.html}}</ref> Buchanan failed to win any primaries, but finished a strong second in the New Hampshire primary and was regarded as forcing Bush to walk back his economic policies.<ref name="NYT 92 reflection" /><ref name="Trib2">{{cite web |last1=Daley |first1=Steve |title=Stung by Bush Ad, Buchanan Gets Ferocious |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1992-02-28-9201190143-story.html |website=Chicago Tribune |access-date=March 11, 2021 |date=February 28, 1992}}</ref> The Buchanan campaign ran a number of radio and TV spots criticizing Bush's policies; in one, Buchanan accused Bush of being a "trade wimp", while another attacked him for presiding over the [[National Endowment for the Arts|National Endowment of the Arts]], which he said "invested our tax dollars in pornographic and blasphemous art too shocking to show."<ref name="Tongues1">{{cite news |last1=Mills |first1=David |title=The Director with Tongues Untied |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1992/06/15/the-director-with-tongue-untied/4ba20897-fa8c-4506-bffc-cc56e2fb1dd4/ |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=November 28, 2021 |date=June 15, 1992}}</ref>

In 1992, Buchanan explained his reasons for challenging the incumbent, President [[George H. W. Bush]]:

{{blockquote|text=If the country wants to go in a liberal direction, if the country wants to go in the direction of [Democrats] [[George J. Mitchell|George Mitchell]] and [[Tom Foley]], it doesn't bother me as long as I've made the best case I can. What I can't stand are the back-room deals. They're all in on it, the insider game, the establishment game{{mdash}}this is what we're running against.<ref name="WaPo-Ironfist" />}}

He ran on a platform of [[Immigration reduction in the United States|immigration reduction]] and [[Social conservatism in the United States|social conservatism]], including opposition to [[multiculturalism]], [[Abortion in the United States|abortion]], and [[LGBT rights in the United States|gay rights]]. Buchanan challenged Bush (whose popularity was waning) when he won 38% of the [[New Hampshire primary]]. In the primary elections, Buchanan garnered three million total votes or 23% of the vote.

Buchanan later threw his support behind Bush and delivered an address at the [[1992 Republican National Convention]], which became known as the [[culture war]] speech, in which he described "a religious war going on in our country for the soul of America."<ref>{{Citation|last=Buchanan|first=Patrick 'Pat' Joseph|url=http://buchanan.org/blog/1992-republican-national-convention-speech-148?doing_wp_cron=1478487975.2316689491271972656250|title=1992 Republican National Convention Speech|publisher=buchanan.org}}</ref> In the speech, he said of [[Bill Clinton|Bill]] and [[Hillary Clinton]]:

{{blockquote|text=The agenda Clinton & Clinton would impose on America{{mdash}}abortion on demand, a [[Litmus test (politics)|litmus test for the Supreme Court]], homosexual rights, discrimination against religious schools, women in combat units{{mdash}}that's change, all right. But it is not the kind of change America needs. It is not the kind of change America wants. And it is not the kind of change we can abide in a nation we still call God's country.<ref name="Culturewarspeech">{{cite web|url=http://www.buchanan.org/pa-92-0817-rnc.html|title=Republican National Convention Speech|last=Buchanan|first=Patrick 'Pat' Joseph|date=August 17, 1992|publisher=Patrick 'Pat' Joseph Buchanan|access-date=November 4, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061012133633/http://www.buchanan.org/pa-92-0817-rnc.html|archive-date=October 12, 2006}}</ref>}}

Buchanan also said, in reference to the then recently held [[1992 Democratic National Convention]], "Like many of you last month, I watched that giant masquerade ball at [[Madison Square Garden]]—where 20,000 [[Radical politics|radicals]] and [[Liberalism in the United States|liberals]] came dressed up as [[Political moderate|moderates]] and [[Centrism|centrists]]—in the greatest single exhibition of cross-dressing in American political history."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://buchanan.org/blog/1992-republican-national-convention-speech-148|title=1992 Republican National Convention Speech|date=August 17, 1992|work=Patrick J. Buchanan - Official Website|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141005032823/http://buchanan.org/blog/1992-republican-national-convention-speech-148|archive-date=October 5, 2014 }}</ref>

The contents of Buchanan's speech prompted his detractors to claim that the speech alienated moderate voters from the [[George H. W. Bush 1992 presidential campaign|Bush-Quayle ticket]].<ref name="CBS-BacksBush">{{cite news|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/buchanan-reluctantly-backs-bush/|title=Buchanan Reluctantly Backs Bush|date=October 18, 2004|last=Kuhn|first=David Paul|work=News|publisher=CBS|access-date=December 6, 2006}}</ref> The newspaper columnist [[Molly Ivins]] wrote: "Many people did not care for Pat Buchanan's speech; it probably sounded better in the original German."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sptimes.com/News/073000/Perspective/A_wild_ride_on_the_le.shtml|title=Perspective: A wild ride on the left|last=Roberts|first=Diane|date=July 30, 2000|work=St. Petersburg Times.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000902183913/http://www.sptimes.com/News/073000/Perspective/A_wild_ride_on_the_le.shtml|archive-date=September 2, 2000|access-date=January 18, 2019}}</ref>

===Off the campaign trail===
Buchanan returned to his column and ''Crossfire''. To promote the principles of [[Federalism in the United States|federalism]], traditional values, and anti-intervention, he founded The American Cause, a conservative educational foundation, in 1993. [[Bay Buchanan]] serves as the [[Vienna, Virginia|Vienna]], [[Virginia|VA]]-based foundation's president and Pat is its chairman.<ref name="AboutAmericanCause">{{cite web|url=http://www.theamericancause.org/about.htm|work=The American Cause|title=About the Cause|access-date=November 4, 2006|publisher=Patrick 'Pat' Joseph Buchanan|archive-date=November 10, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061110084235/http://www.theamericancause.org/about.htm}}</ref>

Buchanan returned to radio as host of ''Buchanan and Company'', a three-hour talk show for [[Mutual Broadcasting System]] on July 5, 1993. It pitted him against liberal co-hosts, including [[Barry W. Lynn|Barry Lynn]], [[Bob Beckel]], and [[Chris Matthews]], in a time slot opposite [[Rush Limbaugh]]'s show. To launch his 1996 campaign, Buchanan left the program on March 20, 1995.

===1996 presidential primaries===
{{Main|1996 Republican Party presidential primaries|Pat Buchanan 1996 presidential campaign}}
Buchanan ran for the Republican nomination again in 1996. He was endorsed by conservative [[Phyllis Schlafly]], and others.

In February, the liberal [[Center for Public Integrity]] issued a report claiming Buchanan's presidential campaign co-chairman, [[Larry Pratt]], appeared at two meetings organized by [[White supremacy|white supremacist]] and [[American militia movement|militia]] leaders. Pratt denied any tie to racism, calling the report an orchestrated smear before the New Hampshire primary. Buchanan told the conservative [[Manchester, New Hampshire|Manchester]] ''[[New Hampshire Union Leader|Union Leader]]'' he believed Pratt. Pratt took a leave of absence "to answer these charges," "so as not to have distraction in the campaign."<ref>{{Citation|title=Buchanan Aide Leaves Campaign Amid Charges|newspaper=[[The Union Leader]]|date=February 16, 1996}}</ref>

In the February [[New Hampshire primary]], Buchanan defeated front-runner [[Bob Dole]] by about 3,000 votes. Buchanan won three other states ([[Alaska]], [[Missouri]], and [[Louisiana]]), and finished only slightly behind Dole in the [[Iowa caucus]]. His insurgent campaign used his soaring rhetoric to mobilize grass-roots right-wing opinion against what he saw as the bland [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] establishment (personified by Dole) which he believed had controlled the party for years. At a rally later in [[Nashua, New Hampshire|Nashua]], he said:
{{blockquote|text=We shocked them in Alaska. Stunned them in Louisiana. Stunned them in Iowa. They are in a terminal panic. They hear the shouts of the peasants from over the hill. All the knights and barons will be riding into the castle pulling up the drawbridge in a minute. All the peasants are coming with pitchforks. We're going to take this over the top.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/20/news/20iht-camp.t_11.html?scp=5&sq=pat%20buchanan%20donnybrook&st=cse|title=Republicans Wind Up Bare-Fisted Donnybrook in New Hampshire|first=Brian|last=Knowlton|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=February 20, 1996}}</ref>}}

{{external media| float = right| video1 = [https://www.c-span.org/video/?103023-1/the-great-betrayal ''Booknotes'' interview with Buchanan on ''The Great Betrayal'', May 17, 1998], [[C-SPAN]]}} 
In the [[Super Tuesday]] primaries Dole defeated Buchanan by large margins. Having collected only 21%, or 3.1 million, of the total votes in Republican primaries, Buchanan suspended his campaign in March. He declared that, if Dole were to choose a [[pro-choice]] running mate, he would run as the US Taxpayers Party (now [[Constitution Party (United States)|Constitution Party]]) candidate.<ref>{{Citation|last=Porteous|first=Skipp|url=http://www.publiceye.org/ifas/fw/9604/phillips.html|date=April 1996|title=Howard Phillips on Pat Buchanan|journal=Freedom Writer|publisher=Public Eye}}</ref> Dole chose [[Jack Kemp]], and he received Buchanan's endorsement. After the 1996 campaign, Buchanan returned to his column and ''Crossfire''. He also began a series of books with 1998's ''The Great Betrayal''.

===2000 presidential campaign===
{{Main|2000 Reform Party presidential primaries|Pat Buchanan 2000 presidential campaign}}
[[File:Buchanan Reform 2000.svg|thumb|The logo used by Buchanan and the [[Reform Party of the United States of America|Reform Party]] in the [[2000 United States presidential election|2000 presidential election]]]]
Buchanan announced his departure from the Republican Party in October 1999, disparaging them (along with the Democrats) as a "[[beltway]] party." He sought the nomination of the [[Reform Party of the United States of America|Reform Party]]. Many reformers backed [[Iowa]] physicist [[John Hagelin]], whose platform was based on [[Transcendental Meditation]]. Party founder [[Ross Perot]] did not endorse either candidate for the Reform Party's nomination. (In late October 2000, Perot publicly endorsed [[George W. Bush]], but Perot's 1996 running-mate, [[Pat Choate]], would go on to endorse Buchanan.)

Supporters of Hagelin charged the results of the party's open primary, which favored Buchanan by a wide margin, were "tainted." The Reform Party divisions led to dual conventions being held simultaneously in separate areas of the [[Long Beach Convention Center]] complex. Both conventions' delegates ignored the primary ballots and voted to nominate their presidential candidates from the floor, similar to the Democratic and Republican conventions. One convention nominated Buchanan while the other backed Hagelin, with each camp claiming to be the legitimate Reform Party.

Ultimately, when the [[Federal Election Commission|Federal Elections Commission]] ruled Buchanan was to receive ballot status as the Reform candidate, as well as about $12.6 million in federal campaign funds secured by Perot's showing in the [[1996 United States presidential election|1996 election]], Buchanan won the nomination. In his acceptance speech, Buchanan proposed [[United States withdrawal from the United Nations|US withdrawal from the United Nations]] and expelling the [[Headquarters of the United Nations|United Nations Headquarters]] from New York, abolishing the [[Internal Revenue Service]], [[United States Department of Education|Department of Education]], [[United States Department of Energy|Department of Energy]], [[Department of Housing and Urban Development]], [[Estate tax in the United States|taxes on inheritance]] and [[Capital gains tax in the United States|capital gains]], and [[affirmative action]] programs.

As his running mate, Buchanan chose [[Ezola B. Foster]], an African American activist and retired teacher from Los Angeles. Buchanan was supported in this election run by future [[Socialist Party USA]] presidential candidate [[Brian Moore (political activist)|Brian Moore]], who said in 2008 he supported Buchanan in 2000 because "he was for fair trade over [[free trade]]. He had some [[Progressivism|progressive]] positions that I thought would be helpful to the common man."<ref name="indy weekly">{{cite news|date=October 8, 2008|work=[[Independent Weekly]]|title=Q&A with Socialist Party presidential candidate Brian Moore|url=http://www.indyweek.com/gyrobase/Content?oid=oid%3A266409|access-date=November 25, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160104184456/http://www.indyweek.com/gyrobase/Content?oid=oid%3A266409|archive-date=January 4, 2016 }}</ref> On August 19, the [[New York Right to Life Party]], in convention, chose Buchanan as their nominee, with 90% of the districts voting for him.<ref>{{Citation|date=August 1, 2000|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020820004727/http://ballot-access.org/2000/0901.html#16|url=http://ballot-access.org/2000/0901.html#16|title=Right To Life Party Picks Buchanan|publisher=Ballot Access News|archive-date=August 20, 2002}}</ref>

In a campaign speech at [[Bob Jones University]] in [[Greenville, South Carolina]], Buchanan attempted to rally his conservative base:

{{blockquote|[[God]] and the [[Ten Commandments]] have all been expelled from the public schools. [[Christmas carols]] are out. Christmas holidays are out. The latest decision of the [[United States Supreme Court]] said that children in stadiums or young people in high school games are not to speak an inspirational moment for fear they may mention God's name, and offend an [[Atheism|atheist]] in the grandstand ...

We may not succeed, but I believe we need a new fighting conservative traditionalist party in America. I believe, and I hope that one day we can take America back. That is why we are building this [[Gideon]]'s army and heading for [[Armageddon]], to do battle for the Lord.<ref>Quoted in Timothy Stanley, ''The Crusader: The Life and Tumultuous Times of Pat Buchanan'' ([[New York City]]: [[St. Martin's Press]], 2012), pp. 350–351; {{ISBN|978-0-312-58174-9}}</ref>}}

In the [[2000 United States presidential election|2000 presidential election]], Buchanan finished fourth with 449,895 votes, 0.4% of the popular vote. (Hagelin garnered 0.1% as the [[Natural Law Party (United States)|Natural Law Party]] candidate.) In [[Palm Beach County, Florida]], Buchanan received 3,407 votes{{mdash}}which some saw as inconsistent with [[Palm Beach County]]'s liberal leanings, its large Jewish population and his showing in the rest of the state. Bush spokesman [[Ari Fleischer]] stated, "Palm Beach county is a Pat Buchanan stronghold and that's why Pat Buchanan received 3,407 votes there." Reform Party officials strongly disagreed, estimating the number of supporters in the county at between 400 and 500. Appearing on ''The Today Show'', Buchanan said: "When I took one look at that ballot on [[Election Day (United States)|Election Night]] ... it's very easy for me to see how someone could have voted for me in the belief they voted for [[Al Gore]]".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/showflorida2000.php?fileid=buchanan11-09|title=Pat Buchanan on NBC's Today Show|date=November 9, 2000}}</ref> Palm Beach County's [[butterfly ballot]] is credited with misdirecting over 2,000 votes from Al Gore to Pat Buchanan, tipping Florida — and the 2000 U.S. presidential election — to George W. Bush.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Butterfly Did It: The Aberrant Vote for Buchanan in Palm Beach County, Florida |url=https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/faculty-research/publications/butterfly-did-it-aberrant-vote-buchanan-palm-beach-county-florida |access-date=2024-10-23 |website=Stanford Graduate School of Business |language=en}}</ref>

Some observers said his campaign was aimed at spreading his message beyond his white conservative and [[populist]] base, while his views had not changed.<ref>{{cite news|last=Havrilesky|first=Heather|url=http://archive.salon.com/news/feature/1999/10/25/buchanan/|title=Not standing Pat|work=Salon|date=October 25, 1999|access-date=June 13, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080423233336/http://archive.salon.com/news/feature/1999/10/25/buchanan/|archive-date=April 23, 2008 }}</ref>

===Later presidential elections===
Following the 2000 election, Reform Party members urged Buchanan to take an active role within the party. Buchanan declined, though he did attend their 2001 convention. In the next few years, he identified himself as a political independent, choosing not to align himself with what he viewed as the [[neo-conservative]] Republican party leadership. Prior to the [[2004 United States presidential election|2004 election]], Buchanan announced he once again identified himself as a Republican, declared that he had no interest in ever running for president again, and reluctantly endorsed [[George W. Bush 2004 presidential campaign|Bush's 2004 reelection]], writing: "Bush is right on taxes, judges, sovereignty, and values. [[John Kerry|Kerry]] is right on nothing".<ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/national/20040909-115705-2949r.htm|title=Third parties seen as thread to Bush|first=Stephen 'Steve'|last=Miller|newspaper=[[The Washington Times]]|date=September 10, 2004}}</ref>

Buchanan also endorsed Republican presidential candidate [[Mitt Romney]] in [[2012 United States presidential election|2012]], stating in an article that "Obama offers more of the stalemate America has gone through for the past two years" while "Romney alone offers a possibility of hope and change."<ref>{{cite web|author=Patrick J Buchanan|url=http://www.eurasiareview.com/30102012-patrick-buchanan-romney-for-president-oped/|title=Patrick Buchanan: Romney For President - OpEd|publisher=Eurasiareview.com|date=October 30, 2012|access-date=March 29, 2015}}</ref>

Buchanan supported the nomination of [[Donald Trump]], who ran on many of the same positions that Buchanan ran on twenty years prior, as Republican presidential candidate for the [[2016 United States presidential election|2016 presidential election]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/01/12/pat-buchanan-believes-donald-trump-is-the-future-of-the-republican-party/|title=Pat Buchanan says Donald Trump is the future of the Republican Party|author=Chris Cillizza|date=January 12, 2016|newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last=Alberta|first=Tim|title='The Ideas Made It, But I Didn't'|url=http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/04/22/pat-buchanan-trump-president-history-profile-215042|magazine=Politico Magazine|location=[[Arlington County, Virginia|Arlington County]], [[Virginia]], [[United States|U.S.]]|publisher=[[Politico]]|access-date=April 22, 2017 }}</ref>

==Later media activities==
===MSNBC commentator===
[[File:Buchananinterview.JPG|thumb|Buchanan being interviewed in 2008]]
While [[CNN]] decided not to take him back, Buchanan's column resumed.<ref name="Wapo-050106">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/04/30/AR2006043001185.html|title=Tony Snow's Washington Merry-Go-Round|last=Kurtz|first=Howard|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=May 1, 2006|page=C01|access-date=December 5, 2006}}</ref> A longer variation of the ''[[Crossfire (U.S. TV program)|Crossfire]]'' format was aired by [[MSNBC]] as ''[[Buchanan & Press]]'' on July 15, 2002, reuniting Buchanan and Press. Billed as "the smartest hour on television", ''Buchanan and Press'' featured the duo interviewing guests and sparring about the top news stories. As the [[Iraq War]] loomed, Buchanan and Press toned down their rivalry, as they both opposed the invasion.<ref name=Bloom>Bloom, Jordan (June 6, 2012) [http://www.theamericanconservative.com/articles/when-news-is-propaganda/ When News Is Propaganda] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160321013220/http://www.theamericanconservative.com/articles/when-news-is-propaganda/|date=March 21, 2016}} ''[[The American Conservative]]''.</ref> Press claims they were the first cable hosts to discuss the planned attack.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billpress.com/television.html|author=William 'Bill' Press|title=Making Air-Waves|access-date=December 5, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061107235749/http://www.billpress.com/television.html|archive-date=November 7, 2006}}</ref> MSNBC Editor-in-Chief [[Jerry Nachman]] once jokingly lamented this unusual situation:

{{blockquote|text=So the point is why does only [[Fox News Channel|Fox [News Channel]]] get this? At least, we work at the perfect place, the place that's fiercely independent. We try to have balance by putting you two guys together and then this [[Stockholm syndrome]] love fest set in between the two of you, and we no longer even have robust debate.<ref>{{Citation|title=Buchanan and Press|date=November 19, 2002|type=broadcast}}</ref>}}

Just hours after his talk show debuted, Buchanan was a guest on the premiere of MSNBC's short-lived ''Donahue'' program. Host [[Phil Donahue]] and Buchanan debated the separation of church and state. Buchanan called Donahue "dictatorial"<ref>{{Citation|last=Buchanan|first=Patrick 'Pat' Joseph|title=Donahue|publisher=MSNBC|quote=Cut it out, Phil. What you want done is, I say no Jewish kid can be put in a Nativity play. What you want done is no Nativity play, no Pledge of Allegiance, no Bible in school, no Ten Commandments. You are dictatorial, Phil. You're a dictatorial liberal and you don't even know it}}</ref> and said that the host got his job through affirmative action.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.austinchronicle.com/gyrobase/Issue/column?oid=oid%3A98320|title=The Phil-ing Station|last=Acosta|first=Belinda|work=The Austin Chronicle|date=July 26, 2002|access-date=December 5, 2006}}</ref>

MSNBC President Eric Sorenson canceled ''Buchanan & Press'' on November 26, 2003.<ref name=Bloom/> Buchanan stayed at MSNBC as a political analyst. He regularly appeared on the network's talk shows. He occasionally filled in on the nightly show ''[[Scarborough Country]]'' during its run on MSNBC. Buchanan also was a frequent guest and co-host of ''[[Morning Joe]]'' as well as ''[[Hardball with Chris Matthews|Hardball]]'' and ''[[The Rachel Maddow Show (TV series)|The Rachel Maddow Show]]''.

In September 2009, Buchanan wrote an MSNBC opinion column arguing that [[Adolf Hitler]] did not want war and the Allied powers' actions were unnecessary. The article was removed from the website after MSNBC was urged to do so in a public statement by the [[National Jewish Democratic Council]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://jta.org/news/article/2009/09/03/1007639/njdc-urges-msnbc-to-remove-pat-buchanans-column-defending-hitler|title=MSNBC removes Buchanan column defending Hitler|publisher=Jewish Telegraphic Agency|date=September 3, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609171756/http://www.jta.org/news/article/2009/09/03/1007639/njdc-urges-msnbc-to-remove-pat-buchanans-column-defending-hitler|archive-date=June 9, 2012}}</ref> Buchanan had used the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the [[Invasion of Poland|German invasion of Poland]] to argue that the [[United Kingdom]] should not have [[United Kingdom declaration of war on Germany (1939)|declared war]] on [[Nazi Germany]].<ref>{{Citation|last=Calderone|first=Michael|format=blog|url=http://www.politico.com/blogs/michaelcalderone/0909/Buchanan_column_removed_from_MSNBC_site.html|title=MSNBC removes Buchanan column from site|journal=Politico|date=September 3, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Patrick 'Pat' Joseph|last=Buchanan|url=http://buchanan.org/blog/did-hitler-want-war-2068|title=Did Hitler Want War?|publisher=Patrick 'Pat' Joseph Buchanan|date=September 2009|access-date=July 28, 2011}}</ref> This revived charges of antisemitism and helping to legitimize [[Holocaust denial]].

In October 2011, Buchanan was indefinitely suspended from MSNBC as a contributor after the publication of his book ''Suicide of a Superpower''. One of the book's chapters is titled, "The End of White America."<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://cup.columbia.edu/book/making-sense-of-the-alt-right/9780231185127|title=Making Sense of the Alt-Right|last=Hawley|first=George|date=2017|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=978-0-231-54600-3|page=32}}</ref> The minority advocacy group [[Color of Change]] had urged MSNBC to fire him over alleged racial slurs.<ref name="20120117_suspension">[[Associated Press]], January 7, 2012, [https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/01/07/pat-buchanan-done-msnbc_n_1191701.html?ref=media MSNBC chief says he hasn't decided whether commentator Pat Buchanan will return to network] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035656/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/01/07/pat-buchanan-done-msnbc_n_1191701.html?ref=media|date=March 4, 2016 }}, hosted ''[[The Washington Post]]'', accessed January 7, 2012.</ref> It was announced on February 16, 2012, that MSNBC's connection with Buchanan had ended.<ref>{{cite news|last=Mak|first=Tim|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2012/02/msnbc-axes-pat-buchanan-073014|title=Pat Buchanan axed by MSNBC|work=Politico|date=February 17, 2012|access-date=April 28, 2020}}</ref>

===''The American Conservative'' magazine===
{{Main|The American Conservative}}
In 2002, Buchanan partnered with former ''[[New York Post]]'' editorial page editor [[Scott McConnell]] and journalist [[Taki Theodoracopulos]] to found ''[[The American Conservative]]'', a new magazine intended to promote [[traditional conservative]] viewpoints on economic, immigration and foreign policies. The first issue was dated October 7, 2002.

=== VDARE ===
From 2006 until his retirement in 2023,<ref name="VDare"/> Buchanan had been a frequent contributor to [[VDARE]], a [[Far-right politics|far-right]] website and blog founded by anti-immigration activist and [[paleo-conservative]] [[Peter Brimelow]]. VDARE is considered a [[White nationalism|white nationalist]] news source by the [[Southern Poverty Law Center]].<ref name="splcenter.org"/><ref name="VDare"/>

==Controversies==
=== Antisemitism allegations ===
In December 1991, a 40,000-word article by [[William F. Buckley Jr.]] was published in the ''[[National Review]]'' discussing [[antisemitism]] among conservative commentators focused largely on Buchanan; the article and many responses to it were collected in the book ''In Search of Anti-Semitism'' (1992). He wrote: "I find it impossible to defend Pat Buchanan against the charge that what he did and said during the period under examination amounted to anti-Semitism",<ref name="Newsweek1991" /><ref>{{cite news|last=Glazer|first=Nathan|url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/00/07/16/specials/buckley-anti.html|title=The Enmity Within|work=The New York Times|date=July 16, 2000|access-date=April 28, 2020}}</ref> but concluded: "If you ask, do I think Pat Buchanan is an anti-Semite, my answer is he is not one. But I think he's said some anti-Semitic things."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chavez |first=Linda |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cwk5DgAAQBAJ&pg=PT207 |title=An Unlikely Conservative: The Transformation Of An Ex-liber |date=2009-04-30 |publisher=Basic Books |isbn=978-0-7867-4672-9 |page=207 |language=en}}</ref>

The [[Anti-Defamation League]] has described Buchanan as an "unrepentant bigot" who "repeatedly demonizes Jews and minorities and openly affiliates with white supremacists."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.adl.org/special_reports/Patrick_Buchanan2/|format=special report|title=Patrick Buchanan: Unrepentant Bigot|publisher=Anti-Defamation League|date=May 21, 2009|access-date=June 18, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030133214/http://www.adl.org/special_reports/Patrick_Buchanan2/|archive-date=October 30, 2012 }}</ref> In an article for ''The Washington Post'' in March 1992, conservative columnist [[Charles Krauthammer]] suggested: "The real problem with Buchanan ... is not that his instincts are antisemitic but that they are, in various and distinct ways, fascistic."<ref name="WaPo19920301">{{cite news|last=Krauthammer|first=Charles|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/1992/03/01/buchanan-explained/c1cf4bdb-071b-4508-bae2-2422ee3846e4/|title=Buchanan Explained|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=March 1, 1992|access-date=August 20, 2020}}</ref> "There's no doubt," said Krauthammer in 1999 when contacted for a ''[[Salon (website)|Salon]]'' article, "he makes subliminal appeals to prejudice." He added: "The interesting thing is how he can say these things and still be considered a national figure."<ref name="SalonTapper" /> Buchanan denies assertions that he is an [[Antisemitism|antisemite]], and some of his fellow journalists, including [[Murray Rothbard]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-01-06-me-1084-story.html|title=COLUMN RIGHT/ MURRAY N. ROTHBARD: Buchanan an Anti-Semite? It's a Smear: His enemies labored hard, and brought forth a pitiful mouse|work=Los Angeles Times|date=January 6, 1992 }}</ref> [[Jack Germond]], [[Al Hunt]] and [[Mark Shields]], have defended him against the charge.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0411/is_n2_v45/ai_18579341/pg_4/|publisher=Find Articles|work=Judaism|title=Pat Buchanan and the Jews|year=1996}}</ref>

====Nazi war criminals====
Around 1982,<ref name="WaPo19900920">{{cite news|last=Kurtz|first=Howard|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1990/09/20/pat-buchanan-the-jewish-question/bfc8e956-316d-4abb-b33b-97aace0b80d0/|title=Pat Buchanan The Jewish Question|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=September 20, 1990|access-date=June 17, 2020}}</ref> Buchanan began to defend Cleveland auto-worker [[John Demjanjuk]] against the charge that Demjanjuk was a Nazi war criminal nicknamed "[[Ivan the Terrible (Treblinka guard)|Ivan the Terrible]]" responsible for the mass murder of Jews at [[Treblinka extermination camp|Treblinka]]. In 1986, while he was a senior figure in the Reagan administration, he was highly critical of the charges brought by the [[Office of Special Investigations (United States Department of Justice)|Office of Special Investigations]] (OSI), the Nazi war crimes unit of the [[United States Department of Justice|Justice Department]]. He claimed Demjanjuk was the victim of mistaken identity and possibly the victim of a deliberate [[Frameup|frame-up]] by the [[Soviet Union]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Ryan|first=Allan A. Jr|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/1986/10/26/pat-buchanan-is-wrong/aba0474e-6e01-4c48-b3ac-b7e99ab78adb/|title=Pat Buchanan Is Wrong|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=October 26, 1986|access-date=August 20, 2020}}</ref>

The following year<!-- 1987 -->, while still a member of the administration, he made unofficial attempts to stop the deportation of suspected [[Nazi war crimes|Nazi war criminals]] from the [[Eastern Bloc]], including Estonian [[Karl Linnas]] as well as Demjanjuk.<ref>{{cite news|last=Shenon|first=Philip|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/02/19/us/washington-talk-the-buchanan-aggravation.html|title=The Buchanan Aggravation|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=February 19, 1987|access-date=August 20, 2020}}</ref> [[Menachem Z. Rosensaft]], in a ''[[New York Times]]'' [[op-ed]], described Buchanan's "oft-expressed sympathy for a host of Nazi criminals" like Linnas as being "a constitutionally protected perversion."<ref>{{cite news|last=Rosensaft|first=Menachem Z.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/03/31/opinion/deport-karl-linnas-to-the-soviet-union.html|title=Deport Karl Linnas To the Soviet Union|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=March 31, 1987|access-date=August 20, 2020}}</ref> Buchanan referred to such cases as being pursued by "revenge-obsessed [[Nazi hunter]]s" in 1987.<ref>{{cite news|last=Buchanan|first=Patrick J.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/04/07/opinion/l-dr-hammer-s-role-in-ivan-the-terrible-trial-get-it-out-in-the-open-248387.html|title=Dr. Hammer's Role in 'Ivan the Terrible' Trial; Get It Out in the Open
|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=April 7, 1987|access-date=August 20, 2020}}</ref> As a member of the Reagan White House, he was accused of having suppressed the Reagan Justice Department's investigation into Nazi scientists brought to America by the [[Office of Strategic Services|OSS]]'s [[Operation Paperclip]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/11/07/operation-paperclip_n_6123746.html|format=news report/book review|title=Nazis Helped Get Us To The Moon. The Reagan White House Helped Keep Them In The U.S.|work=[[The Huffington Post]]|date=November 8, 2014}}</ref>

In 1990, Allan Ryan Jr., a former head of the OSI said Buchanan's accusation of [[KGB]] involvement in the Demjanjuk case was "an absolutely cockamamie theory." Ryan accused Buchanan of being "the spokesman for Nazi war criminals in America." [[Neal Sher]], OSI head in 1990 said Buchanan had never contacted them, even when he was a government official. "He essentially took what was fed him by our opponents, sometimes Holocaust-deniers, and just regurgitated it," Sher told ''[[The Washington Post]]''.<ref name="WaPo19900920" /> In 1993, however, the [[Supreme Court of Israel]] overturned Demjanjuk's war crimes conviction and sentence of [[death by hanging]] as a [[miscarriage of justice]] based on [[mistaken identity]]. Demjanjuk then returned to the United States to fight the revocation of his American citizenship.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hedges |first=Chris |date=12 August 1993 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/12/world/israel-recommends-that-demjanjuk-be-released.html?scp=3&sq=Demjanjuk%20&st=cse |title=Israel recommends that Demjanjuk be released |newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> 

Following an elderly Demjanjuk's re-arrest and extradition to the [[Federal Republic of Germany]] in 2009,<ref>{{cite news|last=Mustich|first=Emma|url=https://www.salon.com/2011/05/12/demjanjuk/|title=After decades, Demjanjuk found guilty in Germany|work=Salon|date=May 12, 2011|access-date=August 20, 2020}}</ref> Menachem Z. Rosensaft in ''[[The Times of Israel]]'' and [[Jeffrey Goldberg]] in ''[[The Atlantic]]'', objected to an outraged Buchanan again accusing the case of being a frame-up and comparing Demjanjuk to [[Jesus|Jesus Christ]] and calling him an "American [[Alfred Dreyfus|Dreyfuss]].{{sic}}" This was alleged by Goldberg as an example of the libel that the [[Jewish deicide|Jews as a whole]] killed Christ.<ref>{{cite news|last=Rosensaft|first=Menachem Z.|url=https://jewishweek.timesofisrael.com/the-sins-of-pat-buchanan/|title=The Sins Of Pat Buchanan|work=[[Times of Israel]]|date=February 21, 2012|access-date=August 20, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Goldberg|first=Jeffrey|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2009/04/pat-buchanan-is-slipping-poor-thing/16803/|title=Pat Buchanan is Slipping, Poor Thing|work=[[The Atlantic]]|date=April 29, 2009|access-date=August 20, 2020}}</ref> Describing Buchanan's comparison as "strikingly offensive" and an attempt to "revive the charge of [[blood libel]]" against Jews, [[Peter Wehner]] wrote in ''[[Commentary (magazine)|Commentary]]'' magazine: "Rarely do you find such an obscene mix of blasphemy and bigotry, and all in less than 900 words."<ref>{{cite news|last=Wehner|first=Peter|url=https://www.commentarymagazine.com/peter-wehner/pat-buchanans-latest-anti-semitic-outburst/|title=Pat Buchanan's Latest anti-Semitic Outburst|work=[[Commentary (magazine)|Commentary]]|date=April 30, 2009|access-date=August 20, 2020}}</ref> Demjanjuk was later convicted of being an [[Accessory (legal term)|accessory to the murder]] of 28,000 Jewish prisoners at the [[Sobibor extermination camp]]. Demjanjuk died in 2012, while the verdict had been overturned and was pending appeal.<ref>{{cite news|last=Mustich|first=Emma|url=https://www.salon.com/2011/05/12/demjanjuk/|title=After decades, Demjanjuk found guilty in Germany|work=Salon|date=May 12, 2011|access-date=August 20, 2020}}</ref>

====Bitburg visit by President Reagan====
Buchanan supported President Reagan's plan to visit a German military cemetery at [[Bitburg controversy|Bitburg]] in 1985, where among buried [[Wehrmacht]] soldiers were the graves of 48 [[Waffen SS]] members. At the insistence of German Chancellor [[Helmut Kohl]] and over the vocal objections of [[Jewish]] groups, the trip went ahead.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/05/06/international/europe/06REAG.html|title=Reagan Joins Kohl in Brief Memorial at Bitburg Graves|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=May 6, 1985|access-date=January 22, 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018123607/http://www.nytimes.com/1985/05/06/international/europe/06REAG.html|archive-date=October 18, 2016|last1=Weinraub|first1=Bernard}}</ref> In a 1992 interview, [[Elie Wiesel]] described attending a [[White House]] meeting of Jewish leaders about the trip: "The only one really defending the trip was Pat Buchanan, saying, 'We cannot give the perception of the President being subjected to Jewish pressure.'"<ref name="WashingtonPost-1992">{{cite news|last=Dionne|first=E. J.|author-link=E. J. Dionne|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1992/02/29/is-buchanan-courting-bias/4753a57f-183b-4033-be38-4e2360e6aa00/|title=Is Buchanan Courting Bias?|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=February 29, 1992|access-date=August 20, 2020}}</ref> Buchanan accused Wiesel of fabricating the story in an [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] interview in 1992: "I didn't say it and Elie Wiesel wasn't even in the meeting ... That meeting was held three weeks before the Bitburg summit was held. If I had said that, it would have been out of there within hours and on the news."<ref>As quoted by ''[[Crossfire (U.S. TV program)|Crossfire]]'' on [[CNN]] (February 24, 1992). Transcript No. 514.</ref>

====Comments on the Holocaust====
In a 1990 column for the ''[[New York Post]]'', Buchanan wrote that it was impossible for 850,000 Jews to be killed by [[diesel exhaust]] fed into the gas chamber at Treblinka in a return to his interest in the Demjanjuk case. "[[Diesel engine]]s do not emit enough [[carbon monoxide]] to kill anybody," he wrote. ''The Washington Post'' cited experts to the effect that there is more than sufficient carbon monoxide present in the fumes to speedily asphyxiate victims, causing their death.<ref name="WaPo19900920" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Buchanan |first=Patrick |date=17 March 1990 |title="Ivan the Terrible" - More Doubts |work=[[New York Post]] |url=https://phdn.org/archives/holocaust-history.org/~jamie/buchanan/column.shtml}}</ref> Buchanan once argued Treblinka "was not a [[Extermination camp|death camp]] but a transit camp used as a 'pass-through point' for prisoners". In fact, historians have estimated that some 900,000 Jews were murdered at [[Treblinka extermination camp|Treblinka]].<ref>Lichtblau, Eric, (2015) ''The Nazis Next Door, How America Became a Save Haven for Hitler's Men'', p. 194, Published by Houghton, Mifflin, Harcourt, Boston.</ref> When [[George Will]] challenged him on the issue on TV in December 1991, Buchanan did not reply.<ref name="Newsweek1991">{{cite news|url=http://www.newsweek.com/1991/12/23/is-pat-buchanan-anti-semitic.html|work=Newsweek|date=December 22, 1991|title=Is Pat Buchanan anti-semitic?}}</ref>

====Comments about Israel====
In the context of the [[Gulf War]], on August 26, 1990, Buchanan appeared on ''[[The McLaughlin Group]]'' and said: "there are only two groups that are beating the drums for war in the Middle East – the Israeli defense ministry and its 'amen corner' in the United States." Buchanan on ''The McLaughlin Group'' on June 15, 1990, asserted: "Capitol Hill is Israeli occupied territory".<ref name="ADLprofile">{{Cite web|title=Pat Buchanan in his own words|url=http://www.adl.org/special_reports/buchanan_own_words/buchanan_intro.asp|publisher=ADL|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026130115/http://www.adl.org/special_reports/buchanan_own_words/buchanan_intro.asp|archive-date=October 26, 2012}}</ref> He also said in the August 1990 program: "The Israelis want this war desperately because they want the United States to destroy the Iraqi war machine. They want us to finish them off. They don't care about our relations with the Arab world."<ref name="JTA19900831">{{cite news|url=https://www.jta.org/1990/08/31/archive/behind-the-headlines-buchanans-latest-anti-israel-slur-may-signal-new-conservative-trend|title=Behind the Headlines; Buchanan's Latest Anti-israel Slur May Signal New Conservative Trend
|work=Jewish Telegraphic Agency|date=August 31, 1990|access-date=August 20, 2020}}</ref> [[A. M. Rosenthal]], in an article for ''[[The New York Times]]'' explicitly accused Buchanan of antisemitism on the grounds that he had used the word "Israelis" as a cover for Jews.<ref>{{cite news|last=Rosenthal|first=A. M.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/09/14/opinion/on-my-mind-forgive-them-not.html|title=On My Mind; Forgive Them Not|work=The New York Times|date=September 14, 1990|access-date=August 20, 2020}}</ref> [[Abraham Foxman]], the director of the ADL, compared Buchanan's comments to insinuations made during the [[World War II|Second World War]] "that Jews were the only ones who sought American entry in the war against Nazi Germany".<ref name="JTA19900831" />

Holocaust survivor [[Elie Wiesel]] in September 1990 said Buchanan "leaves the memory of Jewish victims in such disdain; a man who always takes the side of those accused of being killers; a man who is constantly criticizing Israel; a man who always has something nasty to say about the Jewish people".<ref name="WaPo19900920" />

=== Central Park jogger case ===
In a 1989 column, Buchanan called for the public hanging in Central Park of a 16-year-old black teenager and the [[horsewhipping]] of four other younger [[African Americans|African American]] and [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic]] teenagers for allegedly raping a white jogger in the [[Central Park Five]] case.<ref name="NYT20190530">{{cite news |last=Dwyer |first=Jim |date=May 30, 2019 |title=The True Story of How a City in Fear Brutalized the Central Park Five |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/30/arts/television/when-they-see-us-real-story.html |access-date=May 12, 2022 |issn=0362-4331 |quote=The victim was white. The accused were black and brown. If 'the eldest of that wolf pack were tried, convicted and hanged in Central Park, by June 1, and the 13- and 14-year-olds were stripped, horsewhipped, and sent to prison,' the columnist Patrick Buchanan wrote, 'the park might soon be safe again for women.' Note for note, without mention of race, Mr. Buchanan and others echoed the historic calls for the public punishment of dark-skinned men thought to have defiled white women.}}</ref> He also called for the civilizing of "barbarians" by putting the "fear of death" in them. Robert C. Smith, professor of political science at [[San Francisco State University]], characterized the column as racist.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Smith |first=Robert C. |url=https://www.sunypress.edu/p-2101-racism-in-the-post-civil-rights.aspx |title=Racism in the Post-Civil Rights Era |website=www.sunypress.edu |publisher=State University of New York Press |year=1995 |isbn=0-7914-2438-3 |pages=21–22 |oclc=30625417 |access-date=June 8, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608220005/https://www.sunypress.edu/p-2101-racism-in-the-post-civil-rights.aspx |archive-date=June 8, 2019 |url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> The five teenagers were convicted, but their charges were later withdrawn, when in 2002 a man said he acted alone and [[DNA testing]] affirmed his guilt.<ref name="NYT20190530" /> All sentences of the Central Park Five were vacated that same year, 13 years after Buchanan called for the public hanging and horsewhipping.<ref name="NYT20190530" />

==Personal life==
[[File:Shelley Scarney Pat Buchanon wife.jpg|thumb|upright|Buchanan's wife Shelley in 1996]]
Buchanan married [[White House]] staffer Shelley Ann Scarney in 1971.<ref name="Creatorsabout">{{cite web|url=http://www.creators.com/opinion/pat-buchanan-about.html|title=About Pat Bunchanan|publisher=Creators Syndicate|access-date=January 21, 2007}}</ref> They had a [[tabby cat]] named Gipper, who reportedly would sit on Buchanan's lap during staff meetings.<ref name="Info Please">{{cite web|url=http://www.infoplease.com/spot/prespets.html|title=New First Pets|website=Info Please|publisher=Sandbox | last=Hartman   |first=Holly  |   archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126103811/https://www.infoplease.com/us/government/executive-branch/new-first-pets  |  archive-date=November 26, 2020   |date=February 4, 2000|access-date=April 22, 2011}}</ref> Buchanan identifies as a [[traditionalist Catholicism|traditionalist Catholic]] who attends Mass in the [[extraordinary form of the Roman Rite]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Remembering Nixon's Catholic Coup: An Interview with Pat Buchanan|url=https://www.americamagazine.org/content/all-things/remembering-nixons-catholic-coup-interview-pat-buchanan|author=Sean Salai, S.J.|date=August 5, 2014|access-date=June 28, 2020}}</ref> and strongly defended ''[[Summorum Pontificum]]''.<ref>{{cite web|title=A Triumph for Traditionalists|url=https://buchanan.org/blog/pjb-a-triumph-for-traditionalists-798|first=Pat|last=Buchanan|date=July 10, 2007|access-date=June 28, 2020}}</ref>

==Electoral history==
[[File:Pat Buchanan.jpg|thumb|right|Conservative commentator, presidential advisor, and three-time presidential candidate Pat Buchanan]]
In 1992, never before having sought elected office, Buchanan challenged incumbent president [[George H. W. Bush]] for the Republican Party presidential nomination. Buchanan lost each contest, but received nearly 40 percent of the vote in the New Hampshire primary and ultimately received about 23 percent of the primary vote.<ref name="GOP1992" /> He again sought the GOP presidential nomination in 1996, winning three contests and garnering almost 21 percent of the vote; Kansas Senator [[Bob Dole]] ultimately won the party's nomination.<ref name="GOP1996" />

Buchanan left the Republican Party in 1999 and joined the [[Reform Party of the United States of America|Reform Party]], founded by two-time independent presidential candidate [[Ross Perot]]. He received more than 25 percent of the popular vote in the primary, then secured the nomination at the convention, selecting conservative activist [[Ezola Foster]] for his running mate.<ref name="Reform primaries" /><ref name="Reform Convention" /> The Buchanan-Foster ticket received the fourth-most popular votes in the 2000 United States presidential election, though failing to secure any votes in the [[United States Electoral College|Electoral College]].

===Presidential primaries (1992)===
[[File:Conservative politician Pat Buchanan at the Capitol in Tallahassee, Florida.jpg|thumb|right|alt=Buchanan shakes hands with reporters|Buchanan, campaigning in Tallahassee, Florida, for the 1992 Republican Party presidential nomination]]
{{main|1992 Republican Party presidential primaries}}
*[[George H. W. Bush]] (inc.) - 9,199,463 (72.84%)
*[[Pat Buchanan]] - 2,899,488 (22.96%)
*Unpledged delegates - 287,383 (2.28%)
*[[David Duke]] - 119,115 (0.94%)
*[[Ross Perot]] - 56,136 (0.44%)
*[[Pat Paulsen]] - 10,984 (0.09%)
*Maurice Horton - 9,637 (0.08%)
*[[Harold Stassen]] - 8,099 (0.06%)<ref name="GOP1992">[http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=55213 Our Campaigns - US President - R Primaries Race - Feb 01, 1992<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

===Presidential primaries (1996)===
[[File:Buchanan 96 Conservative of the Heart.jpg|thumb|right|alt="Buchanan for President: Conservative of the Heart," with the latter phrase enclosed in a heart|A sticker promoting Buchanan's 1996 primary campaign for president]]
[[File:1996RepublicanPresidentialPrimaries.svg|thumb|right|<span style="color:#a59400">'''Gold'''</span> denotes a state won by [[Pat Buchanan]]. <span style="color:#668c63">'''Green'''</span> denotes a state won by [[Steve Forbes]]. <span style="color:#73638c">'''Purple'''</span> denotes a state won by [[Bob Dole]]. <span style="color:#c1c1c1">'''Grey'''</span> denotes a territory that did not hold a primary.]]
{{main|1996 Republican Party presidential primaries}}
====Popular vote====
*[[Bob Dole]] - 9,024,742 (58.82%)
*[[Pat Buchanan]] - 3,184,943 (20.76%)
*[[Steve Forbes]] - 1,751,187 (11.41%)
*[[Lamar Alexander]] - 495,590 (3.23%)
*[[Alan Keyes]] - 471,716 (3.08%)
*[[Richard Lugar]] - 127,111 (0.83%)
*Unpledged delegates - 123,278 (0.80%)
*[[Phil Gramm]] - 71,456 (0.47%)
*[[Bob Dornan]] - 42,140 (0.28%)
*[[Morry Taylor]] - 21,180 (0.14%)<ref name="GOP1996">[http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=13494 Our Campaigns - US President - R Primaries Race - Jul 07, 1996<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

Won in [[Alaska]], [[Louisiana]], [[Missouri]], and [[New Hampshire]]

====Delegate count====
*Bob Dole - 1928
*Pat Buchanan - 47
*Steve Forbes - 2
*Alan Keyes - 1
*[[Robert Bork]] - 1

===Presidential primaries (2000)===
====Popular vote====
{{main|2000 Reform Party presidential primaries}}
*[[Donald Trump]] - 2,878 (33.39%)
*[[Pat Buchanan]] - 2,213 (25.68%)
*Uncommitted - 1,164 (13.51%)
*No preference - 617 (7.16%)
*[[Charles E. Collins (politician)|Charles E. Collins]] - 535 (6.21%)
*[[John B. Anderson]] - 468 (5.43%)
*[[Robert M. Bowman]] - 292 (3.39%)
*[[John Hagelin]] - 220 (2.55%)
*George Weber - 217 (2.52%)<ref name="Reform primaries">[http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=112369 Our Campaigns - US President - REF Primaries Race - Feb 22, 2000<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

====Delegates====
*[[Pat Buchanan]] - 453 (98.69%)
*Abstaining - 6 (1.31%)<ref name="Reform Convention">[http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=58546 Our Campaigns - US President - REF Convention Race - Aug 16, 2000<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

===2000 United States presidential election===
{{main|2000 United States presidential election}}
*[[George W. Bush]]/[[Dick Cheney]] (R) - 50,460,110 (47.9) and 271 electoral votes (30 states carried)
*[[Al Gore]]/[[Joe Lieberman]] (D) - 51,003,926 (48.4%) and 266 electoral votes (20 states and D.C. carried)
*Abstaining - 1 electoral vote ([[faithless elector]] from D.C.)
*[[Ralph Nader]]/[[Winona LaDuke]] (Green) - 2,883,105 (2.7%)
*[[Pat Buchanan]]/[[Ezola B. Foster]] (Reform) - 449,225 (0.4%)
*[[Harry Browne]]/[[Art Olivier]] (Libertarian) - 384,516 (0.4%)
*[[Howard Phillips (activist)|Howard Phillips]]/Curtis Frazier (Constitution) - 98,022 (0.1%)
*[[John Hagelin]]/[[Nat Goldhaber]] (Natural Law) - 83,702 (0.1%)

==Publications==
{{External media
| video1 = [https://digitalcollections.hoover.org/objects/6488/a-firing-line-debate-resolved-that-the-senate-should-ratif?ctx=547045f921b2e9666c6df428a8eeb7851f766fd1&idx=1 "A Firing Line Debate: Resolved: That the Senate Should Ratify the Proposed Panama Canal Treaties."] [[Firing Line (TV program)|''Firing Line'' with William F. Buckley, Jr.]] (January 13, 1978)
}}

===Books===
*{{Citation | title = The New Majority: President Nixon at Mid-Passage | last1 = Buchanan | first1 = Patrick J.| year = 1973 | oclc = 632575}}.
*{{Citation | title = Conservative Votes, Liberal Victories: Why the Right Has Failed | year = 1975 |isbn=0-8129-0582-2| last1 = Buchanan | first1 = Patrick J. | publisher = Quadrangle/New York Times Book Company |url = https://archive.org/details/conservativevote0000buch}}.
*{{Citation | title = Right from the Beginning |last1 = Buchanan | first1 = Patrick J. | publisher = Little, Brown | location = Boston | date = December 25, 1988 |isbn=0-316-11408-1 | url = https://archive.org/details/rightfrombeginni00patr }}.
*{{Citation | title = The Great Betrayal: How American Sovereignty and Social Justice Are Being Sacrificed to the Gods of the Global Economy | year = 1998 |isbn=0-316-11518-5 | url = https://archive.org/details/greatbetrayalhow00buch | last1 = Buchanan | first1 = Patrick J. | publisher = Little, Brown }}.
*{{Citation | title = A Republic, Not an Empire: Reclaiming America's Destiny | year = 1999 |isbn=0-89526-272-X| title-link = A Republic, Not an Empire: Reclaiming America's Destiny | last1 = Buchanan | first1 = Patrick J. | publisher = Regnery Pub. }}.
*{{Citation | title = The Death of the West: How Dying Populations and Immigrant Invasions Imperil Our Country and Civilization |url=https://archive.org/details/buchanan-pat-the-death-of-the-west     | year = 2002 | publisher= St. Martin's Press | location= New York USA | oclc=48123033    |isbn=0-312-28548-5|  last1 = Buchanan | first1 = Patrick J. }}.
*{{Citation | title = Where the Right Went Wrong: How Neoconservatives Subverted the Reagan Revolution and Hijacked the Bush Presidency | year = 2004 |isbn=0-312-34115-6 | url = https://archive.org/details/whererightwentwr00buch | last1 = Buchanan | first1 = Patrick J. | publisher = St. Martin's Press }}.
*Buchanan, Patrick J. (2006). [[State of Emergency (book)|''State of Emergency: The Third World Invasion and Conquest of America'']]. New York: [[Thomas Dunne Books]],  {{oclc|69594056}} {{ISBN|0-312-36003-7}}. [https://archive.org/details/State-of-Emergency-Pat-Buchanan Full text available].
*{{Citation | title = Day of Reckoning: How Hubris, Ideology, and Greed Are Tearing America Apart | date = November 27, 2007 |isbn=978-0-312-37696-3 | url = https://archive.org/details/dayofreckoningho00buch | last1 = Buchanan | first1 = Patrick J. | publisher = Macmillan }}.
*{{Citation | title = Churchill, Hitler, and The Unnecessary War: How Britain Lost Its Empire and the West Lost the World | place = New York | publisher = Crown | date = May 27, 2008 |oclc=182573642 |isbn=978-0-307-40515-9| url=https://archive.org/details/buchanan-pat-churchill-hitler-and-the-unnecessary-war | last1 = Buchanan | first1 = Patrick J.}}.
*{{Citation | title = Suicide of a Superpower: Will America Survive to 2025? | date = October 18, 2011 |isbn=978-0-312-57997-5| last1 = Buchanan | first1 = Patrick J. | publisher = St. Martin's Press |url = https://archive.org/details/suicideofsuperpo0000buch}}.
*{{Citation | title = The Greatest Comeback: How Richard Nixon Rose from Defeat to Create the New Majority | date = January 1, 2014 |isbn=978-0-553-41863-7 | url = https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780553418637 | last1 = Buchanan | first1 = Patrick J.| publisher = Crown Forum }}.
*{{Citation | title = Nixon's White House Wars: The Battles That Made and Broke a President and Divided America Forever | date = May 9, 2017 |isbn=978-1-101-90284-4| last1 = Buchanan | first1 = Patrick J.| publisher = Crown Publishing | url =https://archive.org/details/nixonswhitehouse0000buch }}.

===Major speeches===
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20141005032823/http://buchanan.org/blog/1992-republican-national-convention-speech-148 1992 Republican National Convention keynote], August 17, 1992
*[http://buchanan.org/blog/1996-announcement-speech-171 The Cultural War for the Soul of America], September 14, 1992
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303182450/http://www.4president.org/speeches/buchanan1996announcement.htm 1996 campaign announcement], March 20, 1995
*[https://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/election/buchanan_2-29.html 1996 campaign speech] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121114151019/http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/election/buchanan_2-29.html |date=November 14, 2012 }}, Georgia primary stump speech February 29, 1996
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120321221221/http://www.chuckbaldwinlive.com/read.freetrade.html Free Trade], [[Chicago Council on Global Affairs|Chicago Council on Foreign Relations]] speech November 18, 1998
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303212936/http://www.4president.org/speeches/buchanan2000announcement.htm 2000 campaign announcement], March 2, 1999
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20081008152411/http://www.buchanan.org/pa-99-0405-china-commonwealth-club.html A Time for Truth about China], [[Commonwealth Club of California|Commonwealth Club]] speech April 5, 1999
*To Reunite a Nation, [[Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum|Richard Nixon Library]] speech on immigration January 18, 2000
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20081009062301/http://www.buchanan.org/pa-00-0812-speechnomination.html 2000 Reform Party nomination acceptance], August 12, 2000
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116001625/http://www.commonwealthclub.org/archive/02/02-01buchanan-speech.html Death of The West], [[Commonwealth Club of California|Commonwealth Club]] speech January 14, 2002

===Selected articles===
*{{Citation | url = http://www.realchange.org/hitler.htm | title = A Lesson in Tyranny Too Soon Forgotten | format = column | date = August 25, 1977}}.
*{{Citation | url = http://www.realchange.org/holocaus.htm | title = 'Ivan The Terrible' – More Doubts | publisher = Real Change | format = column | date = March 17, 1990}}.
*{{Citation | title = Ghostbusting the Smoot-Hawley Ogre | type = column | date = October 20, 1993}}.
*{{Citation|url=http://www.buchanan.org/pa-95-0612.html |title=Time for Economic Nationalism |format=column |date=June 12, 1995  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081008152430/http://www.buchanan.org/pa-95-0612.html |archive-date=October 8, 2008 }}.
*{{Citation | url = http://www.buchanan.org/pma-99-1105-wallstjl.html | title = Response to Norman Podhoretz | format = letter | newspaper = [[The Wall Street Journal]] | date= November 5, 1999 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080511153332/http://www.buchanan.org/pma-99-1105-wallstjl.html | archive-date= May 11, 2008}}.
*{{Citation | url = http://www.theamericancause.org/patsadsuicide.htm | title = The Sad Suicide of Admiral Nimitz | format = column | date = January 18, 2002 | access-date = September 6, 2006 | archive-date = February 12, 2011 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110212185441/http://www.theamericancause.org/patsadsuicide.htm  }}.
*{{Citation | url = http://www.theamericancause.org/pattruefascists.htm | title = True Fascists of the New Europe | format = column | date = April 30, 2002 | access-date = September 6, 2006 | archive-date = May 18, 2011 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110518000426/http://www.theamericancause.org/pattruefascists.htm  }}.
*{{Citation|url=http://www.amconmag.com/03_24_03/cover.html |title=Whose War? |journal=[[American Conservative]] |date=March 24, 2003  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090105221904/http://amconmag.com/03_24_03/cover.html |archive-date=January 5, 2009 }}.
*{{Citation | url = http://www.amconmag.com/08_11_03/cover.html | title = The Death of Manufacturing | journal = [[American Conservative]] | date = August 11, 2003 | access-date = September 2, 2006 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080720232846/http://www.amconmag.com/08_11_03/cover.html | archive-date = July 20, 2008  }}.
*{{Citation | url = https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna3080569 | contribution = The Death of the West | format = book excerpt | title = NBC News | publisher = MSN | date = October 30, 2003}}.
*{{Citation | url = http://www.theamericancause.org/patculturewars.htm | title = The Aggressors in the Culture Wars | format = column | date = March 8, 2004 | access-date = September 2, 2006 | archive-date = October 4, 2006 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061004005625/http://www.theamericancause.org/patculturewars.htm  }}.
*{{Citation | url = http://www.theamericancause.org/patwhatdoweoffertheworldprint.htm | title = What Do We Offer the World? | format = column | date = May 19, 2004 | access-date = September 21, 2006 | archive-date = December 28, 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091228135500/http://www.theamericancause.org/patwhatdoweoffertheworldprint.htm  }}.
*{{Citation | url = http://www.theamericancause.org/print/071806_print.htm | title = Where are the Christians? | format = column | date = July 18, 2006 | access-date = September 2, 2006 | archive-date = July 25, 2011 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110725113627/http://www.theamericancause.org/print/071806_print.htm  }}.
*{{Citation | url = http://www.buchanan.org/blog/?p=969 | title = PJB: A Brief For Whitey | format = column | date = March 21, 2008  | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080822052636/http://www.buchanan.org/blog/?p=969 | archive-date = August 22, 2008 }}.
*{{Citation | url = http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2008/08/blowback_from_bear_baiting.html | title = Blowback From Bear Baiting | format = column | date = August 15, 2008}}.
*{{Citation | publisher = The American cause | format = newspaper columns | url = http://www.theamericancause.org/patarchives.htm | title = Several years archives | date = September 2001 – May 2008 | access-date = September 2, 2006 | archive-date = June 3, 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180603184204/http://www.theamericancause.org/patarchives.htm  }}.

===Interviews===
*{{Citation | url = http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1229098-1,00.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070930190049/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1229098-1,00.html  | archive-date = September 30, 2007 | title = Ten Questions for Pat Buchanan | first = Jefferson 'Jeff' | last = Chu | magazine = Time | date = August 20, 2006}}.
*{{Citation | url = https://www.foxnews.com/story/pat-buchanan-defends-controversial-immigration-comments | title = Pat Buchanan Defends Controversial Immigration Comments | publisher = Fox | newspaper = News | format = partial transcript | last1 = Hannity | last2 = Colmes | date = August 22, 2006 | access-date = January 27, 2019 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110514145121/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,210010,00.html | archive-date = May 14, 2011  }}.
*{{Citation|url=http://www.taemag.com/issues/articleid.16969/article_detail.asp |title=Is This the Face of the Twenty-First Century? |first=William 'Bill' |last=Kauffman |journal=The American Enterprise |date=July–August 1998  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060105204230/http://www.taemag.com/issues/articleid.16969/article_detail.asp |archive-date=January 5, 2006 }}.
*{{Citation | url = http://www.booknotes.org/Watch/103023-1/Patrick+Buchanan.aspx | title = Booknotes | format = interview | contribution = Buchanan on ''The Great Betrayal'' | date = May 17, 1998 | last = Lamb | first = Brian  | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111108054349/http://www.booknotes.org/Watch/103023-1/Patrick+Buchanan.aspx | archive-date = November 8, 2011 }}.
*{{Citation | url = http://www.radioopensource.org/taking-the-republican-temperature/ | contribution = Republicans: Whitman, Buchanan and Terror | title = Open Source | format = public radio show audio | last = Lydon | first = Christopher| date = July 7, 2005 }}.
*Slen, Peter. [http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/PatBuch ''In Depth with Pat Buchanan'']. [[C-SPAN]], May 2, 2010.
*{{Citation | url = http://fora.tv/fora/showthread.php?t=342 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070927000534/http://fora.tv/fora/showthread.php?t=342  | archive-date = September 27, 2007 | title = ''Pat Buchanan discusses his book'' State of Emergency | publisher = Book TV | date = August 24, 2006 | url-status = usurped | format = video}}.{{dead link|date=December 2015}}
*{{Citation | url = http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/04/22/pat-buchanan-trump-president-history-profile-215042 | title = The Ideas Made It, But I Didn't | first = Tim | last = Alberta | journal = Politico Magazine | date = April 22, 2017 | access-date = April 24, 2017 }}.

==In popular culture==
* A fictional version of Buchanan appears in the 2009 film ''[[Watchmen (2009 film)|Watchmen]]'', portrayed by [[James M. Connor]].
* Buchanan appears as the final boss of the 1992 video game ''[[GayBlade]]''.
* Buchanan was played by [[Phil Hartman]] in the ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' parodies of [[The McLaughlin Group]].

==See also==
{{Div col|colwidth=25em}}
* [[Christian right]]
* [[Constitution Party (United States)]]
* [[Culture war]]
* [[Non-interventionism]]
* [[Old Right (United States)]]
* [[Paleoconservatism]]
* [[Right-wing populism]]
* [[Protectionism]]
* [[White nationalism]]
{{div col end}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==

* Andryszewski, Tricia. ''The Reform Party: Ross Perot and Pat Buchanan'' (2000) [https://archive.org/details/reformpartyrossp0000andr online]
* Davis, Mark. "'Culture Is Inseparable from Race': Culture Wars from Pat Buchanan to Milo Yiannopoulos." ''M/C Journal'' 21.5 (2018). [http://journal.media-culture.org.au/index.php/mcjournal/article/view/1484 online]
* Lowndes, Joseph. "Populism and race in the United States from George Wallace to Donald Trump." in ''Routledge handbook of global populism'' (Routledge, 2018) pp.&nbsp;190–200.
* Shapiro, Edward S. "Pat Buchanan and the Jews." ''Judaism: A Quarterly Journal of Jewish Life and Thought'' 45.2 (1996): 226-235. [https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA18579341&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1&it=r&linkaccess=abs&issn=00225762&p=AONE&sw=w online]
* Stanley, Timothy. ''The crusader: The life and tumultuous times of Pat Buchanan'' (Macmillan, 2012). [https://archive.org/details/crusaderlifetumu00stan online]

==External links==
{{Commons category|Pat Buchanan}}
{{Wikiquote}}
*{{official|http://buchanan.org}}
*[https://openlibrary.org/authors/OL26644A/Patrick_J._Buchanan Patrick J. Buchanan] at [[OpenLibrary]]
*[http://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n87944306/ Patrick J. Buchanan] at [[WorldCat]]

===Archives===
*{{C-SPAN|3578}}
*[https://catalog.archives.gov/id/3129179 Patrick J. Buchanan Papers (White House Special Files)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191023202227/https://catalog.archives.gov/id/3129179 |date=October 23, 2019 }} (1969-1972)
*[https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%28patrick%20j%20buchanan%29 Works by Patrick J. Buchanan] at [[Internet Archive]]
*[http://archive.lewrockwell.com/buchanan/buchanan-arch.html Works by Patrick J. Buchanan] at [http://www.lewrockwell.com/ LewRockwell.com]
*[http://www.theamericancause.org/patarchives.htm Works by Patrick J. Buchanan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180603184204/http://www.theamericancause.org/patarchives.htm |date=June 3, 2018 }} at [http://www.theamericancause.org/ TheAmericanCause.org]

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{{s-aft|after=[[Jack Koehler]]}}
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{{s-bef|before=[[Ross Perot]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Reform Party of the United States of America|Reform]] nominee for [[President of the United States]]|years=[[2000 United States presidential election|2000]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Ralph Nader]]}}
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{{Pat Buchanan}}
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