Editing Parris Island, South Carolina

{{short description|District of the city of Port Royal, South Carolina}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Parris Island, South Carolina
|settlement_type          = District
|nickname                 =
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = 1882 U.S. Coast Survey Map of Beaufort, South Carolina - Geographicus - Beaufort-uscs-1882.jpg
|imagesize                =
|image_caption            = 1882 U.S. Coast Survey Map of Beaufort River, showing the island (at left) designated "Paris I."
|image_flag               =
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = SCMap-doton-ParrisIsland.PNG
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location of Parris Island, South Carolina
|image_map1               =
|mapsize1                 =
|map_caption1             =

<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[South Carolina]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in South Carolina|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Beaufort County, South Carolina|Beaufort]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     =
|government_type          =
|leader_title             =
|leader_name              =
|leader_title1            =
|leader_name1             =
|established_title        =
|established_date         =

<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref  =  Imperial
|area_footnotes           =
|area_magnitude           =
|area_total_sq_mi         = 19.6
|area_land_sq_mi          = 12.2
|area_water_sq_mi         = 7.4

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[United States Census, 2000|2000]]
|population_footnotes     =
|population_total         = 4841
|population_density_sq_mi = auto

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
|utc_offset               = -5
|timezone_DST             = EDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -4
|elevation_footnotes      =
|elevation_m              =
|elevation_ft             =
|coordinates              = {{coord|32|19|44|N|80|41|41|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]s
|postal_code              = 29902, 29905
|area_code                = [[Area codes 843 and 854|843, 854]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 45-54850<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
|blank1_name              =
|blank1_info              =
|website                  =
|footnotes                =
}}
'''Parris Island''' is a district of the city of [[Port Royal, South Carolina]] on an island of the same name. It became part of the city with the annexation of the [[Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island]] on October 11, 2002. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau previously defined Parris Island as a [[census-designated place]] (CDP) when it was an [[unincorporated area]] of [[Beaufort County, South Carolina|Beaufort County]]. The population was 4,841 at the [[United States Census, 2000|2000 census]]. As defined by the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], Parris Island is included within the Beaufort Urban Cluster and the larger [[Hilton Head Island, South Carolina|Hilton Head Island]]&ndash;[[Beaufort, South Carolina|Beaufort]] [[Hilton Head Island-Beaufort micropolitan area|Micropolitan Statistical Area]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060206063031/http://www.census.gov/popest/geographic/boundary_changes/index.html Population Estimates Boundary Changes], [[United States Census Bureau]], 2007-07-01.  Accessed 2008-11-06.</ref>

==History==
{{Further|Charlesfort-Santa Elena Site|New France|French Florida|Spanish assault on French Florida|Santa Elena (Spanish Florida)|Spanish Florida|Province of Carolina|Province of South Carolina|South Carolina in the American Civil War}}

Parris Island was first colonized by Europeans in 1562, when members of a French expedition led by [[Jean Ribaut]] temporarily settled on the island. This was the first semi-permanent European settlement in what are now considered the United States. Four years later, a town named [[Santa Elena, la Florida|Santa Elena]] was founded here by Spanish Conquistador [[Pedro Menéndez de Avilés]]. It was the capital of [[Spanish Florida|La Florida]] from 1566 to 1587, during which time Spanish explorers sailed from Santa Elena to explore the Tennessee Valley and Chesapeake Bay. An expedition also traveled overland into the interior to western North Carolina and points west.

After coming under English control, the island was granted to Robert Daniell in 1706 and became known as Port Royal Island. It later came into the hands of Colonel Alexander Parris, sometimes spelled "Paris", Public [[Treasurer]] of South Carolina. After his death in 1736, it gradually became known as Parris Island (and the name [[Port Royal Island]] was applied to a different one to the north).<ref name="Salley1919">{{cite book|author=Alexander Samuel Salley|title=Parris Island, the Site of the First Attempt at a Settlement of White People Within the Bounds of what is Now South Carolina|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WVgvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA8|year=1919|publisher=The Commission|pages=8–11}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Tryals for High-treason, and Other Crimes: Vol VIII |date=1731 |publisher=Thomas Wotton |location=London |page=337 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3f09AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA337 |access-date=5 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=McCord |editor1-first=David J |title=The Statutes at Large of South Carolina: Vol 7 |date=1840 |location=Columbia SC |page=26 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iUgUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA26 |access-date=5 November 2019}}</ref>

Parris Island was captured by the [[Union Army]] in 1861 during the [[American Civil War]]. It became a coaling station during the war. After the war, through the efforts of African American Congressman [[Robert Smalls]], it continued as a coaling station for the [[United States Navy]] and became known as the Port Royal Naval Station. The neighboring [[Port Royal Sound]] is the deepest natural harbor on the Atlantic coast of the United States south of New York. The island was purchased outright in 1883. In the early 1890s, a [[dry dock]] was constructed at the naval station. The dry dock was completed in 1895. The construction of the [[Charleston Naval Shipyard]] in 1901 resulted in the closing of the Port Royal Naval Station in 1903.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/entries/port-royal-naval-station/ |title=Port Royal Naval Station |first=Lawrence S. |last=Rowland |date=August 22, 2022 |website=South Carolina Encyclopedia |publisher=Institute for Southern Studies, University of South Carolina |access-date=December 15, 2023}}</ref>

In 1915, Parris Island became the Marine Corps Recruit Depot. In the early years of the Marine Corps presence it was referred to as Paris Island.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Navy Register |date=1 January 1919 |publisher=Bureau of Naval Personnel |location=Washington DC |pages=817, 853 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dFp_KZ18eGkC |access-date=4 November 2019}}</ref>

The [[Charlesfort-Santa Elena Site]] and [[Parris Island Drydock and Commanding Generals House]] are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref>

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the CDP had a total area of {{convert|19.6|sqmi|km2}}, of which {{convert|12.2|sqmi|km2}} of it is land and {{convert|7.4|sqmi|km2}} of it (37.96%) is water.

==Demographics==
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 4,841 people, 318 households, and 297 families residing in the CDP. The population density was {{convert|398.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 358 housing units at an average density of {{convert|29.4|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the CDP was 69.14% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 17.35% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.83% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 1.76% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.12% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 7.13% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 3.68% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 13.16% of the population.

There were 318 households, out of which 72.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 87.7% were married couples living together, 4.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 6.3% were non-families. 4.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and none had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.31 and the average family size was 3.40.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 10.6% under the age of 18, 72.4% from 18 to 24, 15.7% from 25 to 44, and 1.2% from 45 to 64. The median age was 20 years. For every 100 females, there were 303.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 339.3 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $46,335, and the median income for a family was $45,750. Males had a median income of $17,428 versus $16,359 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the CDP was $11,216. About 7.6% of families and 6.9% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 4.1% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

==In popular culture==

Parris Island was the setting for the first third of [[Stanley Kubrick]]'s [[1987 in film|1987]] [[war film]] ''[[Full Metal Jacket]]'', as well as the scene of several flashbacks in the TV series ''[[Revolution (TV series)|Revolution]]''.<ref>{{Citation |title=Full Metal Jacket (1987) - Filming & production - IMDb |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0093058/locations/ |access-date=2023-08-17 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Rome|first1=Emily|title=Revolution recap: The Birth of a Militia|url=http://www.ew.com/recap/revolution-season-1-episode-3-no-quarter|magazine=Entertainment Weekly|publisher=Entertainment Weekly|access-date=November 22, 2016}}</ref> It is also mentioned in the opening lines of the song "[[Goodnight Saigon]]" by [[Billy Joel]].

In 1994, Parris Island is also named in Season 2 episode 4 (Sleepless) of [[The X-Files]] - as a location of interest.

==See also==
* [[Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island]]
* [[Parris Island Museum]]
* [[USS Parris Island (AG-72)|USS ''Parris Island'' (AG-72)]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{commons category}}

{{Beaufort County, South Carolina}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Beaufort County, South Carolina]]
[[Category:Pre-statehood history of South Carolina]]
[[Category:1566 establishments in New Spain]]
[[Category:1566 establishments in North America]]
[[Category:Spanish Florida]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1566]]
[[Category:Islands of Beaufort County, South Carolina]]
[[Category:Former census-designated places in South Carolina]]
[[Category:Neighborhoods in South Carolina]]
[[Category:Hilton Head Island–Beaufort micropolitan area]]