Editing Parakeet

{{short description|Small to medium-sized species of parrot}}
{{for|the battlefield communication system|Parakeet (communication system)}}
{{redirect|Paraquet|the British military operation|Operation Paraquet}}
{{distinguish|Paraquat}}
{{More citations needed|date=January 2009}}
{{Paraphyletic group
|image=Male and female parakeet 1.jpg
|image_caption=Male and female [[Rose-ringed parakeet]] at Vedanthangal, Tamil Nadu, India.
|image2=Blue australian parakeet.jpg
|image2_alt=Blue Australian parakeet
|image2_caption=Blue Australian [[budgerigar|budgie]]
|taxon=Psittaciformes
|auto=yes
}}
 
A '''parakeet''' is any one of many small- to medium-sized [[species]] of [[parrot]], in multiple [[Genus|genera]], that generally has long tail [[feather]]s.

== Etymology and naming ==
The name ''parakeet'' is derived from the French word [[:wikt:perroquet|''perroquet'']], which is reflected in some older spellings that are still sometimes encountered, including '''paroquet''' or '''paraquet'''. However, in modern French, [[:wikt:perruche|''perruche'']] is used to refer to parakeets and similar-sized parrots.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Quelles différences entre un perroquet et une perruche ? |url=https://lemagdesanimaux.ouest-france.fr/dossier-1141-differences-perroquet-perruche.html |access-date=2023-02-11 |website=Le Mag des Animaux|date=23 February 2022 }}</ref>

In [[American English]], the word ''parakeet'' usually refers to the [[budgerigar]], which is one species of parakeet.<ref>{{Cite web |title=What's the Difference Between Parakeets and Budgies? |url=https://www.thesprucepets.com/differences-between-parakeets-and-budgies-390500 |access-date=2024-01-22 |website=The Spruce Pets |language=en}}</ref>

== Summary ==
[[File: Melopsittacus undulatus -Atlanta Zoo, Georgia, USA-8a-2c.jpg|thumb|The Australian [[budgerigar]], or shell parakeet, is a popular pet and the most common parakeet]]
Parakeets comprise about 115 species of birds that are seed-eating parrots of small size, slender build, and long, tapering tails.{{fact|date=March 2023}} The [[Australia]]n [[Parakeet|budgerigar]], also known as "budgie", ''Melopsittacus undulatus'', is probably the most common parakeet. It was first described by zoologists in 1891. It is the most popular species of parakeet kept as a pet in North America and Europe. 

[[File:Rose-ringed Parakeet RWD.jpg|thumb|A rose-ringed parakeet (''[[Psittacula krameri]]'').]]
The term "grass parakeet" (or ''grasskeet'') refers to many small Australian parakeets native to grasslands such as the genus ''[[Neophema]]'' and the [[princess parrot]]. The Australian [[rosella]]s are also parakeets. Many of the smaller, long-tailed species of [[Lory|lories]] may be referred to as "lorikeets". The vernacular name [[ring-necked parakeet]] (not to be confused with the [[Australian ringneck]]) refers to a species of the genus ''[[Psittacula]]'' native to Africa and Asia that is popular as a pet and has become [[feral]] in many cities outside its natural range.

In [[aviculture]], the term "[[conure]]" is used for small to medium-sized parakeets of the genera ''[[Aratinga]]'', ''[[Pyrrhura]]'', and a few other genera of the [[Tribe (zoology)|tribe]] [[Arini (tribe)|Arini]], which are mainly endemic to South America.  As they are not all from one genus, taxonomists tend to avoid the term.  Other South American species commonly called parakeets include the genus ''[[Brotogeris]]'' parakeets, the [[monk parakeet]], and [[lineolated parakeet]]s, although lineolateds have short tails.

A larger species may be referred to as "parrot" or "parakeet" interchangeably.  For example, "Alexandrine parrot" and "Alexandrine parakeet" are two common names for the same species, [[Alexandrine parakeet|''Psittacula eupatria'']], which is one of the largest species normally referred to as a parakeet.

Many different species of parakeets are bred and sold commercially as pets, the [[budgerigar]] being the third most popular pet in the world,<ref>{{cite book|title=The New Encyclopedia of Birds|edition=1|editor1-first=Christopher|editor1-last=Perrins|year=2003|location=Oxford|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|chapter=Parrots, Lories, and Cockatoos|isbn=9780198525066}}</ref> after cats and dogs.

== Breeding ==
Parakeets often breed more readily in groups; however, there can be conflicts between breeding pairs and individuals especially if space is limited. The presence of other parakeets encourages a pair to breed, which is why breeding in a group is better. Despite this, many breeders choose to breed in pairs to both avoid conflicts and know offspring's parentage with certainty. Budgerigars lay an average of 4-6 eggs, while other parakeet species may lay an average of 4-6 eggs.{{fact|date=April 2023}}

== American population ==
There is a growing population of introduced [[monk parakeet]]s in Brooklyn and Queens, although the species have been reported in all five boroughs of New York City. 
<ref>{{cite web |last = Riepe
| first = Don
| title = Monk Parakeet
| publisher = NYC Bird Alliance, reprint of article originally printed in The Urban Audubon
| date = Summer 2021
| url = https://nycbirdalliance.org/blog/monk-parakeet-myiopsitta-monachus
| access-date = 30 October 2024}}</ref> Of native species, the [[green parakeet]] is still found in southern Texas, while the [[Carolina parakeet]], formerly native to much of the eastern US, went extinct at the beginning of the 20th century.

== European population ==
=== Belgian population ===
{{As of|2023}}, an estimated 10,000 parakeets lived in [[Brussels]], the capital of Belgium. The total made them one of the most populous birds in the city, behind only pigeons and sparrows.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gross |first=Jenny |date=2023-11-10 |title=How Tropical Birds Took Over This European Capital, Bringing a 'Splash of Color' |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/10/world/europe/parakeets-brussels.html |access-date=2023-11-10}}</ref>

=== Spain's parakeet control measures ===
According to a 2018 report, Spanish authorities drew up plans to curb the ever-growing population of parakeets, which reached 30,000 in locations such as Malaga.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/11/23/plans-use-snipers-control-parakeet-population-draws-anger-spain/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/11/23/plans-use-snipers-control-parakeet-population-draws-anger-spain/ |archive-date=2022-01-12 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Plan to use snipers to control parakeet population draws anger in Spain|last=Strange|first=Hannah|date=2018-11-23|newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]|access-date=2020-02-02|language=en-GB|issn=0307-1235}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

=== United Kingdom ===
{{Main|Feral parakeets in Great Britain}}
In December 2019, Steven Le Comber, of [[Queen Mary University]] in London, UK, published an analysis in the ''[[Journal of Zoology]]'' based on [[geographic profiling]] methods. It concluded that the thriving rose-ringed parakeet population in the United Kingdom had grown from numerous small-scale accidental and intentional pet releases. Previous theories had included a pair released by [[Jimi Hendrix]] on [[Carnaby Street]] and an arrival in 1951 when [[Humphrey Bogart]] and [[Katharine Hepburn]] visited London with various animals to film ''[[The African Queen (film)|The African Queen]],'' set in the equatorial swamps of east Africa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2019/dec/12/hendrix-hepburn-study-busts-myths-about-origins-of-uks-parakeets|title=Hendrix? Hepburn? Study busts myths about origins of UK's parakeets|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|date=12 December 2019|access-date=12 December 2019|archive-date=12 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212201337/https://www.theguardian.com/science/2019/dec/12/hendrix-hepburn-study-busts-myths-about-origins-of-uks-parakeets|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-50755015|title = Jimi Hendrix cleared of blame for UK parakeet release|work = [[BBC News]]|publisher = [[BBC]]|date = 12 December 2019|access-date = 12 December 2019|archive-date = 12 December 2019|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200639/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-50755015|url-status = live}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Cockatiel]]
* [[Budgerigar]]
* [[Conure]]
* [[Mini-macaw]]

== References == 
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Parakeets| ]]
[[Category:Bird common names]]