Editing Paonia, Colorado

{{short description|Town in Colorado, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- Basic info  ---------------->
 | official_name            = Paonia, Colorado
 | other_name               = 
 | native_name              = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->
 | nickname                 = 
 | settlement_type          = [[Town]]
 | motto                    = 
<!-- images and maps  ----------->
 | image_skyline            = Paonia.JPG
 | imagesize                = 
 | image_caption            = Paonia's Grand Avenue, looking south
 | image_flag               = 
 | flag_size                = 
 | image_seal               = 
 | seal_size                = 
 | image_shield             = 
 | shield_size              = 
 | image_blank_emblem       = 
 | blank_emblem_type        = 
 | blank_emblem_size        = 
 | image_map                = File:Delta County Colorado Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Paonia Highlighted 0857300.svg
 | mapsize                  = 250px
 | map_caption              = Location of Paonia in Delta County, Colorado.
 | image_map1               = 
 | mapsize1                 = 
 | map_caption1             = 
 | image_dot_map            = 
 | dot_mapsize              = 
 | dot_map_caption          = 
 | dot_x                    = 
 | dot_y                    = 
 | pushpin_map              = <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map -->
 | pushpin_label_position   = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
 | pushpin_map_caption      = 
 | pushpin_mapsize          = 
<!-- Location ------------------>
 | subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
 | subdivision_name         = {{USA}}
 | subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
 | subdivision_name1        = {{flag|Colorado}}
 | subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Colorado|County]]<ref name=COMun>{{cite web | url = http://www.dola.state.co.us/dlg/local_governments/municipalities.html | title = Active Colorado Municipalities | publisher = [[Colorado|State of Colorado]], Department of Local Affairs | access-date = September 1, 2007 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091212060308/http://www.dola.state.co.us/dlg/local_governments/municipalities.html | archive-date = December 12, 2009 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
 | subdivision_name2        = [[Delta County, Colorado|Delta]]
 | subdivision_type3        = 
 | subdivision_name3        = 
 | subdivision_type4        = 
 | subdivision_name4        = 
<!-- Politics ----------------->
 | government_footnotes     = 
 | government_type          = [[Colorado municipalities#Statutory town|Statutory Town]]<ref name=COMun/>
 | leader_title             = 
 | leader_name              = 
 | leader_title1            = Mayor
 | leader_name1             = 
 | leader_title2            = 
 | leader_name2             = 
 | leader_title3            = 
 | leader_name3             = 
 | leader_title4            = 
 | leader_name4             = 
 | established_title        = Settled
 | established_date         = 1880
 | established_title2       = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated (town)]]
 | established_date2        = September 3, 1902<ref name=MuniIncCO>{{cite web | url = http://www.colorado.gov/dpa/doit/archives/muninc.html | title = Colorado Municipal Incorporations | publisher = [[Colorado|State of Colorado]], Department of Personnel & Administration, Colorado State Archives | date = December 1, 2004 | access-date = September 2, 2007}}</ref>
 | established_title3       = <!-- Incorporated (city) -->
 | established_date3        = 
<!-- Area    --------------------->
 | area_magnitude           = 
 | unit_pref                = Imperial
 | area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_08.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 1, 2020}}</ref>
 | area_total_km2           = 2.13
 | area_land_km2            = 2.13
 | area_water_km2           = 0.00
 | area_total_sq_mi         = 0.82
 | area_land_sq_mi          = 0.82
 | area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00
<!-- Population   ----------------------->
 | population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
 | population_footnotes     = <ref name="Census 2020">{{cite web |url=https://data.census.gov/profile/Paonia_town,_Colorado?g=160XX00US0857300 |title=Paonia town, Colorado |author=United States Census Bureau|date= |website= |publisher= |access-date=April 7, 2023 |quote=}}</ref>
 | population_note          = 
 | population_total         = 1447
 | population_density_km2   = auto
 | population_density_sq_mi = auto
<!-- General information  --------------->
 | timezone                 = [[Mountain Time Zone|Mountain (MST)]]
 | utc_offset               = -7
 | timezone_DST             = [[Mountain Time Zone|MDT]]
 | utc_offset_DST           = -6
 | coordinates              = {{coord|38|52|22|N|107|35|45|W|region:US-CO|display=inline,title}}
 | elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
 | elevation_ft             = 5676
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->
 | postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]<ref name=ZIPcode>{{cite web | url = http://zip4.usps.com/zip4/citytown.jsp | title = ZIP Code Lookup| format = [[JavaScript]]/[[HTML]] | publisher = [[United States Postal Service]] | access-date = December 2, 2007}}</ref>
 | postal_code              = 81428
 | area_code                = [[Area code 970|970]]
 | blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
 | blank_info               = 08-57300
 | blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
 | blank1_info              = 2413109<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2413109}}</ref>
 | website                  = {{URL|https://townofpaonia.colorado.gov/}}
 | footnotes                = 
 | pop_est_as_of            = 
 | pop_est_footnotes        = 
 | population_est           = 
}}
[[File:Paonia Arial.jpg|thumb|Aerial photo of Paonia, 2009]]

'''Paonia''' is a [[Colorado municipalities#Statutory town|statutory town]] in [[Delta County, Colorado|Delta County]], [[Colorado]], United States. The population was 1,447 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name="Census 2020" />

==History==
The area was first explored by a white man of European descent in 1853, Captain [[John W. Gunnison]] of the United States Army. Gunnison was on an expedition for the [[Corps of Topographical Engineers]] to locate a suitable pass through the [[Rocky Mountains]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://townofpaonia.com/paonia/ |title=About Paonia - Town of Paonia |website=townofpaonia.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150621202029/http://townofpaonia.com/paonia/ |archive-date=June 21, 2015}}</ref>

The North Fork Valley was inhabited by the [[Ute people]] until 1880, when the Ute Indian Reservation was closed by the federal government following the infamous [[Meeker Massacre]].

Following the closure of the reservation, the site was settled in 1880 by Samuel Wade and William Clark, who had accompanied Enos Hotchkiss to the area. The town was officially incorporated in 1902 and had its first election in July of that year. The [[peony]] roots that Samuel Wade brought with him to Colorado in 1881 inspired him to submit the Latin name for peony, ''Paeonia'', as a town name. The post office would not allow the extra vowel, so "Paeonia" became "Paonia". The full name of the flower is ''[[Paeonia mascula]]''.

==Geography==
Paonia is located in eastern Delta County. It is situated on the [[North Fork Gunnison River]] ("North Fork River"), about {{convert|10|mi|0}} northeast of (upstream from) neighboring [[Hotchkiss, Colorado|Hotchkiss]]. It lies near the head of the North Fork Valley, an area about {{convert|150|mi}} by air southwest of [[Denver]]. The valley lies at the foot of {{convert|11396|ft|adj=on}} [[Mount Lamborn]] to the southeast and the [[Grand Mesa]] to the northwest.

[[Colorado State Highway 133]] touches the northwest boundary of Paonia as the highway runs up the North Fork Valley; it leads southwest {{convert|9|mi|0}} to Hotchkiss and northeast {{convert|58|mi}} over [[McClure Pass]] to [[Carbondale, Colorado|Carbondale]].

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town of Paonia has a total area of {{convert|2.2|km2|order=flip}}, all of it land.<ref name="Census 2010">{{cite web| url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US0857300| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Paonia town, Colorado| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| access-date=October 15, 2015}}{{dead link|bot=medic|date=April 2020}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|align=left
|1910= 1007
|1920= 925
|1930= 958
|1940= 1117
|1950= 1257
|1960= 1083
|1970= 1161
|1980= 1425
|1990= 1403
|2000= 1497
|2010= 1451
|2020= 1447
}}
<!--As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 1,497 people, 631 households, and 393 families residing in the town. The population density was {{convert|1,972.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 705 housing units at an average density of {{convert|928.8|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}. The racial makeup of the town was 93.9% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 1.3% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 1.0% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.2% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], and 3.5% from Mixed- race or [[Race (United States Census)|other races]].

There were 631 households, out of which 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.6% were non-families. 33.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.4% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 25.2% from 25 to 44, 21.8% from 45 to 64, and 21.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $31,831, and the median income for a family was $40,170. Males had a median income of $35,962 versus $17,500 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $16,033. About 9.7% of families and 12.2% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 12.4% of those under age 18 and 15.9% of those age 65 or over.

Paonia is home to several Christian-based faiths, and has a few churches. At one time, Paonia held the Guinness's World Record for the most churches per capita.<ref>http://www.merchantherald.com/north-fork-church-reflections/ {{Dead link|date=March 2022}}</ref> The religious makeup of the town is 28% Catholic, 13% Mormon, 57% Protestant Christian, and 2% other.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.city-data.com/city/Paonia-Colorado.html|title=Paonia, Colorado (CO 81428) profile: population, maps, real estate, averages, homes, statistics, relocation, travel, jobs, hospitals, schools, crime, moving, houses, news, sex offenders|website=City-data.com|access-date=August 20, 2017}}</ref>-->
{{clear|left}}

==Economy==
===Coal mining===
The valley's principal coal mines are all now closed except for [[Arch Coal]]'s West Elk Mine,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uprr.com/customers/energy/coal/colorado/west_elk.shtml|title=Union Pacific|website=Uprr.com|access-date=August 20, 2017}}</ref> [[Bucyrus International]], a supplier of underground coal mining equipment, operates a small warehouse in Paonia for support of the underground longwall systems that are operating in the North Fork valley. [[Union Pacific]] provides service to the mine, loading 100 car trains in two hours. The most recent mine closure shuttered Bowie #2 Mine.

The community has mounted legal challenges to proposed oil and gas drilling [[Hydraulic fracturing|fracking]] in the surrounding North Fork Valley.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://insideclimatenews.org/news/18122019/colorado-fracking-threat-sustainable-agriculture-industry-paonia-north-fork-valley|title=As Coal Declined, This Valley Turned to Sustainable Farming. Now Fracking Threatens Its Future.|last=Berwyn|first=Bob|date=December 20, 2019|website=InsideClimate News|language=en-US|access-date=December 21, 2019}}</ref>

===Agriculture===
The area around Paonia is known for its orchards which produce peaches, apples, cherries, pears, and plums.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.northforkvalley.net/page.cfm?pageid=14118|title=Local Produce Local Eating North Fork Valley Colorado|website=Northforkvalley.net|access-date=August 20, 2017}}</ref> In addition, several vineyards and wineries have been established in the area, and are some of the highest wineries in North America. Five of the more well-known wineries are Alfred Eames Winery, Black Bridge Winery, Stone Cottage Cellars, Azura Cellars, and Endless Endeavor Winery.<ref>{{cite web|title=Home|url=https://www.orchardvalleyfarms.com/|access-date=September 1, 2021|website=Orchard Valley Farms & Black Bridge Winery|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=john|title=Home|url=https://www.stonecottagecellars.com/|access-date=September 1, 2021|website=Stone Cottage Cellars|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.endlessendeavorwinery.com |title=Endless Endeavor Winery |website=endlessendeavorwinery.com}}</ref> This is one of the few regions of Colorado that has successfully cultivated and bottled a [[pinot noir]]. The Paonia wineries are part of the West Elk Wineries Trail and annual Tour held the second week of June.

Some of Colorado's best livestock also comes from this region. The livestock includes cattle, sheep, poultry, and pigs.

===Schools===
The Delta County School District Board of Education decided in February 2021 to close separate high schools in Paonia and [[Hotchkiss, Colorado]], and build a joint high school, North Fork High School, located in Hotchkiss. Both schools have been losing students as coal mines in the area have closed. Kindergarten to 8th grade education will continue in both communities.<ref name="GJS022721">{{cite news |author1=Nathan Deal |title=Hotchkiss, Paonia high schools to merge |url=https://www.gjsentinel.com/news/western_colorado/hotchkiss-paonia-high-schools-to-merge/article_eb3f358a-788c-11eb-a134-9fb81bfaf58c.html |access-date=May 16, 2021 |work=Grand Junction Sentinel |date=February 27, 2021 |quote=“We’re going to have a kindergarten-eighth grade school in Paonia, a kindergarten-eighth grade school in Hotchkiss, and then there will be one high school in Hotchkiss next year.”}}</ref>

===Media===
The noted Western newspaper, ''[[High Country News]]'', is based in Paonia. ''High Country News'' reports on the western United States and is focused on the environment, land use, and public lands issues.

Community radio station [[KVNF]] was founded in Paonia and continues to have studios in downtown Paonia. KVNF also now serves a number of towns in the North Fork and Uncompaghre valleys in western Colorado through a network of stations and translators.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kvnf.org|title=KVNF Public Radio|website=Kvnf.org|access-date=August 20, 2017}}</ref>

Paonia does not have a local newspaper. It is served by ''The North Fork Times'', formerly an independent paper and now a section in the ''Delta County Independent''. The area is also served by the monthly ''North Fork Merchant Herald'', published in nearby Hotchkiss. The weekly ''Mountain Valley News'' was published in Cedaredge and distributed widely throughout Delta County, but closed in September 2013. Their sister publication, ''The High Country Shopper'', is published in Paonia.

==Climate==
Paonia has a [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Dfb]]) with hot summers and moderately cold winters. On average, Paonia has 246 sunny days per year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bestplaces.net/climate/city/colorado/paonia |title=Climate in Paonia, Colorado |publisher=Bestplaces.net |date= |accessdate=September 7, 2022}}</ref> Paonia averages 14 inches of rain and 53 inches of snow per year. The average July high is 89&nbsp;°F and the average January low is 14&nbsp;°F.

{{Weather box
|location = Paonia, Colorado (1930–1957)
|single line = Y

|Jan high F = 38.6
|Feb high F = 42.4
|Mar high F = 50.4
|Apr high F = 60.9
|May high F = 70.8
|Jun high F = 81.5
|Jul high F = 88.9
|Aug high F = 86.7
|Sep high F = 78.8
|Oct high F = 67.0
|Nov high F = 51.1
|Dec high F = 41.0
|year high F = 63.2

|Jan low F = 14.4
|Feb low F = 17.9
|Mar low F = 24.9
|Apr low F = 33.4
|May low F = 40.6
|Jun low F = 47.0
|Jul low F = 53.4
|Aug low F = 51.7
|Sep low F = 44.9
|Oct low F = 35.5
|Nov low F = 23.7
|Dec low F = 16.6
|year low F = 33.7

|precipitation colour =
|Jan precipitation inch = 1.33
|Feb precipitation inch = 1.30
|Mar precipitation inch = 1.13
|Apr precipitation inch = 1.56
|May precipitation inch = 0.99
|Jun precipitation inch = 0.71
|Jul precipitation inch = 0.86
|Aug precipitation inch = 1.21
|Sep precipitation inch = 1.16
|Oct precipitation inch = 1.36
|Nov precipitation inch = 1.08
|Dec precipitation inch = 1.32
|year precipitation inch= 14.02

|Jan snow inch = 13.7
|Feb snow inch = 11.3
|Mar snow inch = 7.6
|Apr snow inch = 3.2
|May snow inch = 0.2
|Jun snow inch = 0.0
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.0
|Oct snow inch = 0.5
|Nov snow inch = 5.5
|Dec snow inch = 10.8
|year snow inch = 52.8
|source 1 = WRCC<ref>
{{cite web |url=http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?copaoa |title=Paonia, Colorado – Climate Summary |publisher=Western Regional Climate Center |access-date=February 22, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040702161847/http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?copaoa |archive-date=July 2, 2004 |url-status=live |oclc=57388229}}</ref>
|date=February 2014
}}

==Festivities==
[[File:3rd and Grand.jpg|thumb|upright=1.45|Corner of 3rd and Grand in Paonia, 2009]]

===Paonia Cherry Days Festival===
Paonia celebrates its "Cherry Days" festival annually on the week of July 4. It features parades, family and class reunions, games, arts and crafts, and musical performances. Paonia Cherry Days is one of the longest running outdoor festivals in Colorado. Started by the Paonia Lions Club in 1946, the festival continues to be run by community volunteers.

===Mountain Harvest Festival===
The [[Mountain Harvest Festival]] is a three-day event in downtown Paonia held during the last weekend of September. There are over 20 musical acts, poetry, an art show, a [[chili con carne|chili]] cook off, a street dance, crafts, wine tasting, as well as classes on canning, raising livestock, and [[sustainable living]].

===Rainbow Gathering===
In 1992 the annual [[Rainbow Gathering]] was held at nearby Overland Reservoir. An estimated 18,275 people converged on the site and lived in temporary dwellings for the summer. Although the reservoir is {{convert|27|mi}} from Paonia, it had a significant impact on all the towns in the North Fork Valley, including Paonia. Many "New Agers" and members of the psychedelic community continue to reside in and around Paonia, which was the boyhood home of one of the voices and key figures of "ecstatic state" knowledge, [[Terence McKenna]].

===Paonia Film Festival===
The Paradise Theater in downtown Paonia hosts a biennial film festival. The Paonia Film Festival celebrates the beauty of the Western Colorado landscape and the rich stories of the people who live there.

The 2021 Paonia Film Festival shifted to showcase filmmakers local to the Western Slope of Colorado and filmmakers through the Western United States on a two-tier system. The event was on November 6–7, 2021.

===Pickin' in the Park===
The town has live music in the park every Thursday evening during the month of August.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pickinproductions.com/pickin-in-the-park|title = Pickin' in the Park}}</ref>

==Notable people==
* [[Robert E. Huyser]] — [[four-star general]] in the [[United States Air Force]]
* [[Thurman "Fum" McGraw]] — college football All-American and Super Bowl Champion{{citation needed|date=October 2020}}
* [[Dennis McKenna]] — ethnopharmacologist, research [[pharmacognosist]], lecturer, and author<ref>Solomon, Avi (June 9, 2011). [http://boingboing.net/2011/06/09/mck.html Interview: Dennis McKenna]. BoingBoing.net. Retrieved April 20, 2015.</ref>
* [[Terence McKenna]] — [[ethnobotanist]], lecturer, and author<ref>Kent, James (December 2, 2003). [http://www.tripzine.com/listing.php?id=terence1 Terence McKenna Interview, Part 1]. TripZine.com. Retrieved April 20, 2015.</ref>
* [[Paolo Bacigalupi]] — American science fiction and fantasy writer
* [[Theo Colborn]] — scientist, founder of The Endocrine Disruption Exchange, author

==See also==
{{portal|Colorado}}
* [[Colorado municipalities]]
* [[Delta County, Colorado]]
{{clear}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{wikivoyage|Paonia}}
* {{official website|https://townofpaonia.colorado.gov/}}
* [http://dtdapps.coloradodot.info/staticdata/Downloads/CityMaps/PAONIA.pdf CDOT map of the Town of Paonia]
* [http://www.deltacountyindependent.com/ ''Delta County Independent''], local community weekly covering Paonia and the rest of Delta County
* [http://www.paoniachamber.com/ Paonia Chamber of Commerce]
* [http://www.paoniacherrydays.com Cherry Days]
* [http://paradiseofpaonia.com/ Paradise Theater]
* [https://westelksava.com West Elks Wine Trail & Tour]
* [https://darksky.org/news/paonia-colorado-becomes-newest-international-dark-sky-communitypaonia/ "Paonia becomes the sixth International Dark Sky Community in Colorado"], [[DarkSky International]] (September 5, 2024)

{{Delta County, Colorado}}
{{Colorado|collapse_state=collapsed}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Towns in Delta County, Colorado]]
[[Category:Towns in Colorado]]