Editing Opatija

{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Opatija
| official_name      = ''Grad Opatija''
| native_name        = 
| other_name         = Abbazia
| settlement_type    = [[List of cities and towns in Croatia|Town]]
| image_skyline      = {{Photomontage
| position = center
| photo1a = Opatija Statue.jpg
| photo2a = Opatija, hotel Bristol.jpg
| photo2b = Opatija Operaház.JPG
| photo3a = Croatian walk of fame - Nikola Tesla.JPG
| photo3b = J32 291 Opatija.jpg
| photo4a = Church of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Opatija.jpg
| photo4b = Opatija 05 (js).jpg
| photo5a = HR-PG-Opatija43.jpg
| photo5b = Opatija-8.JPG
| size = 270
| spacing = 1
| color = white
| border = 0
}}
| image_caption      = From top; Opatija riviera with statue of "''Girl with a Seagull''", Hotel Bristol, Opera House, [[Nikola Tesla]] star on Opatija's walk of fame, view of harbour, Church of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, "Grand Hotel Palace" and Grand Hotel & cafe "Paris".
| image_flag         = Zastava Opatije.svg
| flag_size          = 
| image_seal         = 
| seal_size          = 
| image_shield       = 
| shield_size        = 
| nickname           = 
| image_map          = {{infobox mapframe | zoom = 9 }}
| mapsize            = 
| map_caption        = 
| image_map1         = 
| pushpin_map        = Croatia
| pushpin_mapsize    = <!--Location-->
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Opatija within Croatia
| pushpin_label_position = <!--the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none-->
| coordinates        = {{coord|45|20|N|14|18|E|region:HR|display=inline}}
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Croatia}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[Counties of Croatia|County]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[File:Flag of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County.png|border|23px]] [[Primorje-Gorski Kotar County|Primorje-Gorski Kotar]]
<!--Politics-->
| established_title  = <!--Settled-->
| established_date   = 
| established_title2 = <!--Incorporated (town)-->
| established_date2  = 
| established_title3 = <!--Incorporated (city)-->
| established_date3  = <!--Area-->
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = Mayor
| leader_name        = Fernando Kirigin [[Social Democratic Party of Croatia|SDP]]
| leader_title1      = City Council
| leader_name1       = {{Collapsible list
| title = 15 members<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.opatija.hr/files/file/izbori/lokalni-izbor-2021/konacni-rezultati_vijece.pdf|title=Konačni rezultati izbora 2021|language=hr|access-date=2 June 2021}}{{Dead link|date=July 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| frame_style = border: none; padding: 0;
| list_style = text-align: left; display: none;
| {{Color box|{{party color|Social Democratic Party of Croatia}}|border=darkgray}} [[Social Democratic Party of Croatia|SDP]](5)
| {{Color box|{{party color|Independent}}|border=darkgray}} [[Independent (politician)|Independent list of Ivo Dujmić]] (5)
| {{Color box|{{party color|Youth Action (Croatia)}}|border=darkgray}} [[Youth Action (Croatia)|AM]]-[[Union of Kvarner|UK]] (3)
| {{Color box|{{party color|Croatian Democratic Union}}|border=darkgray}} [[Croatian Democratic Union|HDZ]] (1)
| {{Color box|{{party color|Independent}}|border=darkgray}} [[Independent (politician)|Independent list of Ante Štampalija]] (1)
}}
| unit_pref          = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->
| area_footnotes     = <ref>{{Cite Q|Q119585703|mode=cs1}}</ref>
| area_total_km2     = 67.2
| area_land_km2      = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details on automatic unit conversion-->
| area_urban_km2     = 3.5
| area_metro_km2     = 
| elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> tags-->
| elevation_m        = 0
| elevation_ft       = 0
<!--Area/postal codes & others-->
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2021">{{Croatian Census 2021|S}}</ref>
| population_as_of   = 2021
| population_total   = 10619
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_urban   = 5701
| population_density_urban_km2 = auto
| population_metro   = 
| population_density_metro_km2 = 
| population_note    = 
| timezone           = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| timezone_DST       = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset         = +1
| utc_offset_DST     = +2
| postal_code_type   = Postal code
| postal_code        = 51 410
| area_code          = 051
| blank_name         = 
| blank_info         = 
| website            = {{URL|opatija.hr}}
| footnotes          = 
}}

'''Opatija''' ({{IPA|hr|opǎtija|lang}}; {{langx|it|Abbazia}}; {{langx|de|Sankt Jakobi}}) is a [[List of cities and towns in Croatia|town]] and a municipality in [[Primorje-Gorski Kotar County]] in northwestern [[Croatia]]. The traditional [[seaside resort]] on the [[Kvarner Gulf]] is known for its [[Mediterranean climate]] and its historic buildings reminiscent of the [[Austrian Riviera]].

==Geography==
[[File:Opatija.JPG|thumb|left|Seaside of Opatija in September 2006.]]
Opatija is located {{convert|18|km|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of the regional capital [[Rijeka]], about {{convert|90|km|mi|abbr=on}} from [[Trieste]] by rail and {{convert|82|km|mi|abbr=on}} from [[Pula, Croatia|Pula]] by road. The city is geographically on the [[Istria]]n peninsula, though not in [[Istria County]]. The tourist resort is situated on the Kvarner Gulf, part of the [[Adriatic Sea|Adriatic]] coast, in a sheltered position at the foot of [[Učka]] massif, with the ''Vojak'' peak reaching at a height of {{convert|1401|m|ft|abbr=on}}. {{As of|2021|lc=y}} census, the municipality had 10,661 inhabitants in total, of which 5,715 lived in the urban settlement.

The town is a popular summer and winter resort, with average high temperatures of 10&nbsp;°C in winter, and 32&nbsp;°C in summer. Opatija is surrounded by woods of [[bay laurel]]. The whole sea-coast to the north and south of Opatija is rocky.

==History==
Opatija was included in the territory of the [[Liburni]], a pre-Roman [[Illyrians|Illyrian]] tribe. In [[Roman Empire|Roman]] times, the area was home to several patrician villas connected to the nearby town of ''Castrum Laureana'', the modern [[Lovran]].

[[Croats]] settled in the region from about 700 AD onwards. Conquered by King [[Pepin of Italy]], son of [[Charlemagne]], in 789, the Istrian peninsula up to the Kvarner Gulf was incorporated into the Carolingian [[March of Friuli]] by 803. In the east, it bordered on the medieval [[Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)|Kingdom of Croatia]] established by King [[Tomislav of Croatia|Tomislav]] about 925. Having invaded [[Kingdom of Italy|Italy]], King [[Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto of Germany]] made the Istrian lands part of the vast [[March of Verona|March of Verona and Aquileia]]; from the 11th century onwards, the [[Holy Roman Empire|Imperial]] estates were held by the [[Patria del Friuli|Patriarchs of Aquileia]].

In the Middle Ages the current town's territory was divided between Veprinac (now a locality of Opatija, perhaps home to a small fishing port) and [[Kastav]], where the fisherman village of Veprinac. The small hamlet of Opatija itself developed around a [[Order of Saint Benedict|Benedictine]] abbey dedicated to [[James, son of Zebedee|Saint Jacob]], which was first mentioned in 1453. While western Istria was gradually conquered by the [[Republic of Venice]] by 1420, the remaining territory up to Opatija fell to the [[House of Habsburg]] and later was incorporated into the [[Austrian Littoral]].
[[File:Opatija022.jpg|thumb|left|Villa Angiolina in October 2007.]]
The town's modern history began in 1844, when Iginio Scarpa (1794–1866), a wealthy merchant from Rijeka, had the Villa Angiolina manor built in an extended park, where he received notable guests such as Ban [[Josip Jelačić]]. In 1873 the [[Austrian Southern Railway]] company from [[Vienna]] opened the branch line from [[Pivka]] to Rijeka via nearby [[Matulji]] and thus opened the path for the development of tourism in Opatija and neighbouring [[Lovran]]. In 1882, the railway company purchased the Villa Angiolina, where it accommodated the crown princely couple [[Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria|Rudolf]] and [[Princess Stéphanie of Belgium|Stéphanie]]. At the time, Friedrich Julius Schüler (1832–1894), the Managing Director of the Southern Railways, started the construction of the ''Hotel Quarnero'' (Kvarner Hotel) and the ''Hotel Kronprinzessin Stephanie'' (present-day Hotel Imperial), and also was responsible for the unique lungomare and parks (the Company engaged Carl Schubert, director of the Viennese Emperial-Royal Society for the construction of parks). The Villa Angiolina was later run by the [[Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits]]. In the Angiolina Park today stands Schüler's bust, a work of the sculptor Hans Rathausky.

In 1887, Heinrich von Littrow established the "Union Yacht Club Quarnero" in Opatija (founded in June/July 1886); this was the first sailing club on the Adriatic coast. In 1889 the [[Cisleithania]]n government officially declared Abbazia (Opatija) the first climatic seaside resort (''Seebad'') on the Austrian Riviera, rivalled by [[Brijuni|Brioni]], [[Duino]], [[Grado, Friuli-Venezia Giulia|Grado]], and [[Portorož]]. After the hotels, the building of villas started, for the needs of more demanding noble guests. The first Villa Amalia, in the immediate vicinity of the Hotel Quarnero, was built in 1890 as the hotel's annex. Opatija's first guide was published in 1883 in [[Vienna]] with the title ''Abbazia, Idylle von der Adria''. The same year saw the publication of ''Abbazia und seine Umgebung'' (''Opatija and its Environs'') by Heinrich Noe, who in 1884 published his ''Tagebuch aus Abbazia (Diary from Opatija)''. Joseph Rable printed ''Curort und Seebad Abbazia (Spa and the bathing beach in Opatija)'', and Peter von Radics wrote a guidebook simply titled '' Abbazia''. 
[[File:Plakat Abbazia 1911.jpg|thumb|1911 poster]]
In 1908 a tramway line was opened, running from Matulji station along the coast via Opatija down to Lovran in the south. Opatija is best known nowadays as the venue for a 1912 [[chess]] tournament devoted to the [[King’s Gambit]]. The Austrian emperor [[Franz Joseph I of Austria|Franz Joseph I]] used to spend several months there during the winter. He met there with the German emperor [[Wilhelm II, German Emperor|Wilhelm II]] on 29 March 1894; other crowned heads seeking relaxation included [[Empress Elisabeth of Austria]] and the German empress [[Augusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein|Augusta Victoria]], King [[Carol I of Romania]] and his consort [[Elisabeth of Wied|Elisabeth]], King [[George I of Greece]], [[Albert, King of Saxony]], [[William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg]], and Prince [[Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš]]. Many of the late 19th-century luxury hotels and villas have survived to present times.

During World War I the Hotel Icicii was converted to a military hospital. The accompanying pictures show the nursing staff and wounded at lunch, on the grounds, and receiving care. [https://youtube/Uw3gc3v5IYI]{{Dead link|date=July 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} In 1920 Opatija was assigned to Italy. The upper floor of Villa Amalia was built in 1930, and the building was renovated to become the summer residence of the [[House of Savoy]].

In 1947 Opatija was given to [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]] as part of the [[Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947|peace treaty with Italy]]; most of the Italian-speaking population emigrated to Italy. In 1963 the Hotel Adriatic, by the architect Andrija Čičin-Šain and his team was completed. Hotel "Adriatic" was the first hotel built in Opatija after the Austro-Hungarian era. The rooms of hotel "Adriatic" have been described as novelties in the hospitality industry. The "Casino Rosalia" was opened in Opatija – the first casino in Eastern Europe. In 1981 the Hotel "Admiral" and marina (200 berths and 40 dry berths) were completed. 
After the [[breakup of Yugoslavia]] which began in 1991, the town became part of Croatia.

==Population==

In the 2011 census, the total municipality population was 11,659, in the following [[naselja|settlements]]:<ref name="census2011">{{Croatian Census 2011|S|08|3026}}</ref>
* [[Dobreć]], population 378
* [[Ičići]], population 866
* [[Ika, Croatia|Ika]], population 377
* [[Mala Učka]], population 1
* '''Opatija''', population 6,657
* [[Oprič]], population 711
* [[Pobri]], population 1,114
* [[Poljane, Primorje-Gorski Kotar County|Poljane]], population 534
* [[Vela Učka]], population 40
* [[Veprinac]], population 981

{{Historical populations|1857|4491|1869|4159|1880|4775|1890|5994|1900|8430|1910|11825|1921|9625|1931|11865|1948|10098|1953|9920|1961|11154|1971|12242|1981|13614|1991|13566|2001|12719|2011|11659|2021|10619|source=Naselja i stanovništvo Republike Hrvatske 1857–2021, [[Croatian Bureau of Statistics|DZS]]}}{{Croatian population data graph |popisi=HRV |upisano=2022-06-04 |područje=Town of Opatija |p1857=4491 |p1869=4159 |p1880=4775 |p1890=5994 |p1900=8430 |p1910=11825 |p1921=9625 |p1931=11865 |p1948=10098 |p1953=9920 |p1961=11154 |p1971=12242 |p1981=13614 |p1991=13566 |p2001=12719 |p2011=11659 |p2021=10619}}

==Landmarks==

[[File:Opatija, the café Continental.jpg|The café Continental|thumb|left|140px]]

The 14th-century Benedictine [[abbey]], ''Opatija Sv. Jakova'' ("Abbey of Saint Jacob"), from which the town derives its name (''opatija'' means "[[abbey]]" in [[Croatian language|Croatian]], likewise for ''abbazia'' in Italian) is located in ''Park Svetog Jakova'' or Saint Jacob's Park. Saint Jacob's church, built in 1506 and enlarged in 1937, now stands on the same spot. The neo-Romanesque Church of the Annunciation with its pronounced green cupola, was designed in 1906 by architect Karl Seidl.

Another sight is the Villa Angiolina, built in 1844 by Iginio Scarpa. This villa, transformed into a museum. Since 1844. Villa Angiolina had many prominent guests

Opatija is known for the ''Maiden with the seagull'', a statue by Zvonko Car (1956), which is positioned on a promontory by the [[Juraj Šporer]] art pavilion. It has turned into one of symbols of Opatija. A gilded variant of the statue Madonna, that once stood here but was demolished by communists after the end of World War II, now stands in front of Saint Jacob's Church.

[[File:Opatija, the church of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary.jpg|thumb|right|190px|Church of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary]]

The town park Angiolina contains many species of plants from all over the world. It has been protected since 1968. Close-by, vis-a-vis Hotel Imperial, stands the statue ''The Fountain - Helios and Selena'', a work of the Austrian sculptor [[Hans Rathautsky]] from 1889. There is a 12&nbsp;km-long promenade along the entire riviera, the Lungomare from [[Volosko]], via Opatija, to [[Lovran]] and a 7&nbsp;km-long forest path walk, the [[The Forest path of Carmen Sylva (Šetalište Carmen Sylve)|Šetalište Carmen Sylve]], named after [[Elisabeth of Wied]], Queen consort of Romania, widely known by her literary name of Carmen Sylva.

== Film location ==
Several scenes of "[[The Legacy Run (film)|The Legacy Run]]" <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt5687014/?ref_=nm_knf_t1|title=The Legacy Run|date=1 January 2000|via=IMDb}}</ref> have been shot in Opatija. The movie, in good part shot in the Opatija-Rijeka region, is the conceptual prequel of the international TV Series "Sport Crime".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sportcrime.com/|title=Sport Crime|access-date=2016-08-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160625023002/http://www.sportcrime.com/|archive-date=2016-06-25|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Notable people ==
* [[Theodor Billroth]] (1829–1894), died in Opatija
* [[Robert Gerle]] (1924–2005), born in Opatija
* [[Drago Gervais]] (1904–1957), born in Opatija
* [[Kosta Hakman]] (1899–1961), died in Opatija
* [[Franz von Meran|Franz Graf von Meran]] (1839–1891), died in Opatija
* [[Frank Horvat]] (1928-2020), born in Opatija
* [[Andrija Mohorovičić]] (1857–1936), born in Opatija
* [[Leo Sternbach]] (1908–2005), born in Opatija
* [[Gyula Szapáry]] (1832–1905), died in Opatija

==Gallery==
<gallery>
Croatia Opatija BW 2014-10-12 16-26-03.jpg|Maiden with the Seagull
Opatija027.jpg|St. Jacob's Church
Croatia Opatija BW 2014-10-12 16-10-26.jpg|Villa Angiolina
Croatia BW 2014-10-07 14-25-10.jpg|Hotel Kvarner
Hotel Opatija.JPG|Hotel Opatija
Fiat Mokarabia festival cokolade Opatija 122011 2.jpg|Fiat Mokarabia at the Chocolate Festival
Kip Miroslava Krleže, Opatija.3.jpg|[[Miroslav Krleža]] statue
Opatija noću.jpg|Opatija at night
Hotel Ambasador, Opatija - ulaz.jpg|"Ambasador" Hotel
Opatija - plaže.jpg|Beaches
Opatija Anton Tschechow.jpg|Bronze bust of [[Anton Chekhov]]
</gallery>

== Twin towns—Sister cities ==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Croatia}}
Opatija is [[twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:<ref name="Opatija Twinning">{{cite web|url=http://www.opatija.net/en/sights/opatijas-twin-towns-sister-cities|title=Opatija's Twin towns — Sister cities|publisher=© 2004–2017 Opatija.net}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Castel San Pietro Terme]], Italy
* {{flagicon|SVN}} [[Ilirska Bistrica]], Slovenia
* {{flagicon|HUN}} [[Balatonfüred]], Hungary
* {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Carmagnola]], Italy
* {{flagicon|AUT}} [[Bad Ischl]], Austria
* {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Ferrara]], Italy

== See also ==
* [[Opatija Circuit]]
{{Portal|Croatia}}

==References==
<references />

==Further reading==
* {{cite magazine |date=June 2009 |author=V.R.T. |title=Borisu Laginji plaketa "Đuro Deželić" |page=8 |magazine=Nazovi 193 |volume=2 |issue=3 |url=https://www.vz-pgz.hr/upload/pdf/nazovi%25203.pdf |archive-date=2022-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927184551/https://www.vz-pgz.hr/upload/pdf/nazovi%203.pdf |language=hr}}
* {{cite magazine |date=June 2009 |author=V.R.T. |title=JVP Opatija bogatija za dva navalna vozila |page=19 |magazine=Nazovi 193 |volume=2 |issue=3 |url=https://www.vz-pgz.hr/upload/pdf/nazovi%25203.pdf |archive-date=2022-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927184551/https://www.vz-pgz.hr/upload/pdf/nazovi%203.pdf |language=hr |trans-title=JVP Opatija Richer by Two Fighting Vehicles}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Opatija}}
* [http://www.opatija-tourism.hr/en/ Official website]
* [http://live.opatija.net/ Opatija LIVE WebCams]
* [http://meteo.opatija.net/ Opatija Weather Station - Current Weather Conditions at Opatija]

{{Subdivisions of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County}}
{{Croatian cities}}

{{Coord|45|20|N|14|18|E|region:HR_type:city(7850)|display=title}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Croatia]]
[[Category:Istria]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in Croatia]]
[[Category:Populated places in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County]]
[[Category:Seaside resorts in Croatia]]