Editing One Hundred Men and a Girl

{{Short description|1937 film by Henry Koster}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox film
| name           = One Hundred Men and a Girl
| image          = Original movie poster for the film One Hundred Men and a Girl.jpg
| caption        = Theatrical release poster
| director       = [[Henry Koster]] 
| producer       = {{Plainlist|
* [[Joe Pasternak]]
* Charles R. Rogers 
}}
| screenplay     = {{Plainlist|
* [[Charles Kenyon]]
* [[Bruce Manning]]
* James Mulhauser
}}
| story          = [[Hanns Kräly]]
| starring       = [[Deanna Durbin]] and [[Leopold Stokowski]]
| music          = {{Plainlist|
* Charles Previn
* Frank Skinner
*[[Leopold Stokowski]]
}}
| cinematography = [[Joseph Valentine|Joseph A. Valentine]]
| editing        = [[Bernard W. Burton]]
| studio         = [[Universal Pictures]]
| distributor    = Universal Pictures
| released       = {{Film date|1937|09|05|USA}}
| runtime        = 85 minutes
| country        = United States
| language       = English
| budget         = $762,000<ref name="uni">{{cite journal|title=Three smart guys: How a few penniless German émigrés saved Universal Studios|author=Asper, Helmut|author2=Horak, Jan-Christopher|journal=Film History|location=New York|volume=11|issue=2|date=Jan 1, 1999|page=134}}</ref> or $733,000<ref name="dick">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O6kfBgAAQBAJ&q=nate+blumberg+universal&pg=PA108|first=Bernard K.|last=Dick|title=City of Dreams: The Making and Remaking of Universal Pictures|publisher=University Press of Kentucky|date= 2015|page=114|isbn=9780813158891}}</ref>
| gross          = $2,270,200<ref name="uni"/>
}}

'''''One Hundred Men and a Girl''''' (styled '''100 Men and a Girl''' in advertising) is a 1937 American [[musical comedy film]] directed by [[Henry Koster]] and starring [[Deanna Durbin]] and the maestro [[Leopold Stokowski]]. Written by [[Charles Kenyon]], [[Bruce Manning]], and James Mulhauser from a story by [[Hanns Kräly]], the film is about the daughter of a struggling musician who forms a symphony orchestra consisting of his unemployed friends. Through persistence, charm, and a few misunderstandings, they are able to get famed conductor Leopold Stokowski to lead them in a concert, which leads to a radio contract. ''One Hundred Men and a Girl'' was the first of two motion pictures featuring Leopold Stokowski, and is also one of the films for which Durbin is best remembered as an actress and a singer.

==Plot==
John Cardwell, a [[trombone]] player, is only one of a large group of unemployed musicians. He tries unsuccessfully to gain an interview and audition with [[Leopold Stokowski]], but not to disappoint his daughter, Patricia (Patsy), he tells her that he has managed to get the job with Stokowski's orchestra. Patsy soon learns the truth and also learns that her father, desperate for rent money, has used some of the cash in a lady's evening bag he has found to pay his debts.

The irrepressible and wilful Patsy seeks an interview with Mrs. Frost, whose bag it was, and confesses her father's actions. Mrs. Frost, a society matron and wife of rich radio station owner John R. Frost, lightheartedly offers to sponsor an orchestra of unemployed musicians. Taking her at her word, Patsy and her father recruit 100 musicians, rent a garage space and start to rehearse. Realizing that Patsy took her seriously, Mrs. Frost flees to Europe.

Mr. Frost tells John and his friends that he will not sponsor them, as they had supposed, unless they can attract a well-recognized guest conductor to give them a 'name' and launch them on their opening night.

Patsy, undaunted, sets out to recruit none other than Leopold Stokowski to be that conductor. Stokowski at first definitely refuses—though when Patsy sings as the orchestra is rehearsing [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|Mozart]]'s "Alleluia" from ''[[Exsultate, jubilate]]'', he strongly suggests that she seek professional voice training and eventual representation.

By mistake, Patsy conveys the story to a newspaper music critic that Stokowski will conduct an orchestra of unemployed musicians, and that John R. Frost would broadcast the concert on the radio. When the story breaks, Frost protests his embarrassment to his friends, but they suggest valuable publicity would result. Frost immediately signs the one-hundred-man orchestra to a contract, though Patsy tries to tell them that Stokowski has not agreed.

Stokowski is astonished and offended at the news, but Patsy enters Stokowski's palatial house surreptitiously, along with the entire orchestra. She apologizes to him and insists that he listen to the players. The conductor is so moved by their performance of [[Franz Liszt|Liszt]]'s ''[[Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2]]'' that he postpones a European tour and agrees to the engagement.

The concert is a rousing success for everyone, especially when Patsy, called upon to make a speech, instead agrees to sing the "Brindisi" (Drinking Song) from [[Giuseppe Verdi|Verdi]]'s opera ''[[La traviata]]''.

==Cast==
*[[Deanna Durbin]] as Patricia "Patsy" Cardwell
*[[Adolphe Menjou]] as John Cardwell
*[[Leopold Stokowski]] as himself
*[[Eugene Pallette]] as Mr. John R. Frost, the eventual sponsor of the "One Hundred Men"
*[[Alice Brady]] as his wife, Mrs Frost
*[[Alma Kruger]] as Mrs. Tyler, John Cardwell's landlady
*[[Mischa Auer]] as Michael Borodoff, a flutist and one of John Cardwell's neighbors
*[[Billy Gilbert]] as the owner of the garage where the "One Hundred Men" rehearse
*[[Jed Prouty]] as Tommy Bitters, a man engaged in a good-natured war of pranks with John R. Frost. (Frost suspects Bitters of planting the Stokowski story in the newspaper until Patsy confesses her role to Stokowski.)
*[[J. Scott Smart|Jack Smart]] as Marshall, Leopold Stokowski's doorkeeper
*[[Frank Jenks]] as a taxi driver who keeps a running tab for Patsy and later calls it an "investment" in her singing voice
*[[Gerald Oliver Smith]] As Stevens, the butler

==Production==
===Background===
"Everybody said you can't top ''Three Smart Girls''", said Pasternak years later. "I said you can top anything as long as you're honest, you don't fool yourself, you get the right subject and you create a public taste for it."<ref>{{Cite news|title=Pasternak: The Man Who Out-Disneyed Disney: JOE PASTERNAK|author=Scheuer, Philip K.|date=Jan 9, 1980|work=Los Angeles Times|page=g12}}</ref>

The film was originally called ''120 Men and One Girl'' and was announced in December 1936.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Gladys George to Be Featured for M.-G.-M. in 'They Gave Him a Gun'|work=New York Times|date=Dec 21, 1936|page=18}}</ref>  It was based on an original story and screenplay by Hans Kraly.<ref>{{Cite news|title=NEWS OF THE SCREEN|work=New York Times|date=Feb 10, 1937|page=18}}</ref>

[[Leopold Stokowski]] was, at the time of the film's release, co-conductor of the [[Philadelphia Orchestra]] with [[Eugene Ormandy]]. Political and artistic differences with the orchestra's board had already led Stokowski to allow Ormandy to assume a greater leadership role at the orchestra and eventually would lead Stokowski to break with the orchestra entirely. This might explain why the city in which the film is set, and by extension Stokowski's "regular" orchestra, is never positively identified in the film.  The music was recorded in multi-channel [[stereophonic sound]] but released in monaural sound; three years later Stokowski and the Philadelphia Orchestra appeared in the first feature film to be presented in stereo, ''[[Fantasia (1940 film)|Fantasia]]''. Jane Barlow, ballerina and a student of Nijinska, was a body double for Deanna Durbin in this film.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Yoshida, Yukihiko|title=Jane Barlow and Witaly Osins, ballet teachers who worked in postwar Japan, and their students|work=Pan-Asian Journal of Sports & Physical Education|volume=3 (Sep)|year=2012}}</ref>

Casting Stokowski was reportedly Durbin's idea.<ref>{{Cite news|title=DEANNA DURBIN, SPINSTER|author=Eustace, Edward J.|date=Sep 12, 1937|work=New York Times|page=X3}}</ref> Stokowski signed to make the film in February 1937.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Actress Brags of Ski Tumble; Sport Banned|author=Shaffer, George|date=Feb 2, 1937|work=Chicago Daily Tribune|page=28}}</ref> His fee was reportedly $80,000. Paramount objected saying they had signed a contract with the conductor but it turned out this was only verbal.<ref>{{cite news|title=NEWS OF THE SCREEN: Paramount to Film More Sagas-Miss Durbin Gets Guild Award-Holiday Brings Capacity Business Of Local Origin|date=Feb 15, 1937|page=12}}</ref> Filming started in March.

===Soundtrack===
* "Symphony No. 5 in E minor: Fourth Movement" (Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky) performed by a symphony orchestra conducted by Leopold Stokowski
* "It's Raining Sunbeams" (Friedrich Hollaender, Sam Coslow) performed by Deanna Durbin
* "Rakoczy March" (Hector Berlioz) performed by a symphony orchestra conducted by Leopold Stokowski
* "A Heart That's Free" (Alfred G. Robyn, Thomas Railey) performed by Deanna Durbin
* "Zampa, ou la fiancée de marbre: Overture" (Ferdinand Hérold) performed by the unemployed orchestra
* "For He's a Jolly Good Fellow" (Traditional) performed by the unemployed orchestra
* "Lohengrin: Prelude to Act III" (Richard Wagner) performed by a symphony orchestra conducted by Leopold Stokowski
* "Alleluja" from the motet "Exsultate, jubilate" (K.165) (Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart) performed by Deanna Durbin<ref name="imdbsoundtracks">{{cite web|title=Soundtracks for One Hundred Men and a Girl |publisher=Internet Movie Database |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0029347/soundtrack |access-date=September 8, 2012}}</ref>

==Reception==
The film opened to highly favorable critical reviews and is remembered as a hit. Of all the elements of the film, Deanna Durbin's ability to both sing ''and'' act drew the highest praise.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/Academy/5228/ohmaag.html |title=The Deanna Durbin Page – One Hundred Men and a Girl |access-date=2006-07-14 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040728122253/http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/Academy/5228/ohmaag.html |archive-date=July 28, 2004 }} (accessed 14 July 2006 at 15:40 UTC)</ref>

===Awards and honors===
The film was nominated for the [[Academy Award for Best Picture]]. In addition, [[Charles Previn]], in his role as head of the music department for [[Universal Pictures]], won the [[Academy Award for Original Music Score]]. (No specific composer credit was ever specified.) Previn's scoring consisted of using two original songs (by Sam Coslow and Friedrich Hollaender) and a carefully chosen selection of music from classical symphonic works and operas. The other three awards for which this film was nominated were [[Academy Award for Film Editing|Best Film Editing]], [[Academy Award for Sound|Best Sound Mixing]] ([[Homer G. Tasker]]), and [[Academy Award for Writing Original Screenplay|Best Original Story]].<ref name="Oscars1938">{{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1938 |title=The 10th Academy Awards (1938) Nominees and Winners |access-date=2011-08-09|work=oscars.org}}</ref>

The film is recognized by [[American Film Institute]] in these lists:
* 2006: [[AFI's Greatest Movie Musicals]] – Nominated<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.afi.com/Docs/100Years/musicals_ballot.pdf |title= AFI's Greatest Movie Musicals Nominees |access-date=2016-08-13}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
*[[Stanley Green (historian)|Green, Stanley]] (1999) ''Hollywood Musicals Year by Year'' (2nd ed.), pub. Hal Leonard Corporation {{ISBN|0-634-00765-3}} page 74

==External links==
*{{IMDb title|id=0029347|title=One Hundred Men and a Girl}}
*{{TCMDb title|id=85684|title=One Hundred Men and a Girl}}
*{{Rotten Tomatoes|100_men_and_a_girl|100 Men and a Girl}}
*[https://archive.org/details/variety127-1937-09/page/n81/mode/1up/search/%22hundred+men+and+a+girl%22?q=%22hundred+men+and+a+girl%22 Review of film] at ''Variety''

{{Henry Koster}}

[[Category:1937 films]]
[[Category:1937 musical comedy films]]
[[Category:American musical comedy films]]
[[Category:American black-and-white films]]
[[Category:1930s English-language films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Henry Koster]]
[[Category:Universal Pictures films]]
[[Category:Films that won the Best Original Score Academy Award]]
[[Category:Films produced by Joe Pasternak]]
[[Category:1930s American films]]
[[Category:English-language musical comedy films]]
[[Category:Leopold Stokowski]]