Editing Oicles

In [[Greek mythology]], '''Oicles''' or '''Oecles''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɛ|k|l|iː|z}}; {{langx|grc|Οἰκλῆς}}), also '''Oicleus''' or '''Oecleus''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɛ|k|lj|uː|s}}; Οἰκλεύς), was the father of the seer [[Amphiaraus]].<ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+1.9.16&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Oicles 1.9.16]</ref> He accompanied [[Heracles]] on his campaign against [[Troy]].<ref>Hard, pp. [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA276 p. 276], 
[https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA327 p. 327], [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA333 p. 333], [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA413 p. 413], [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA429 p. 429], [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA706 p. 706]; Gantz, pp. 188, 318, 443; Grimal, s.v. Oecles; Tripp, s.v. Oicles; Parada, s.v. Oicles; ''[[Oxford Classical Dictionary]]'', s.v. OECLES.</ref>

==Family==
According to [[Homer]]'s ''[[Odyssey]]'', Oicles was the son of [[Antiphates]], who was the son of [[Melampus]].<ref>Hard, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA333 p. 333], [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA429 p. 429], [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA706 p. 706]; Gantz, p. 118; Parada, s.v. Oicles; [[Homer]], ''[[Odyssey]]'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-eng1:15.222-15.264 15.225&ndash;247]. According to the geographer [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:6.17.6 6.17.6], Oicles was the son of [[Mantius]] the son of Melampus. According to ''Odyssey'' 242, Mantius was the younger brother of Antiphates.</ref> [[Diodorus Siculus]] adds that Oicles' mother was [[Zeuxippe]], the daughter [[Hippocoon]].<ref>Parada, s.v. Oicles; [[Diodorus Siculus]], [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4D*.html#68.5 4.68.5]</ref> According to the ''[[Catalogue of Women]]'', Oicles wed "Godly" [[Hypermnestra (mythology)|Hypermnestra]] and together they had Amphiaraus "leader of the people", the "lovely" [[Iphianeira]], and [[Endeos]] "lord of men",<ref>Gantz, p. 318; Hard, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA413 p. 413]; Hesiod [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-catalogue_women/2018/pb_LCL503.81.xml fr. 22.34–40 Most] [= Hesiod fr. 25.34–40 MW]. Compare with Diodorus Siculus, [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4D*.html#68.5 4.68.5] and [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''Fabulae'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#73 73], which add that Hypermnestra was the daughter of [[Thestius]] (or [[Thespius]]?). For Hypermnestra as the daughter of Thestius see Hard, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA413 p. 413]; Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+1.7.10&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:book=0:chapter=0&highlight=Hypermnestra 1.7.10]</ref> while according to Diodorus, the children were Amphiaraus, Iphianeira, and [[Polyboea]].<ref>Gantz, p. 318; Diodorus Siculus, [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4D*.html#68.5 4.68.5]. For Oicles as the father of Amphiaraus, see also Homer, ''[[Odyssey]]'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-eng1:15.222-15.264 15.244]; [[Bacchylides]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0199.tlg001.perseus-eng1:9 9.15]; [[Pindar]], ''Nemean Ode'' [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/pindar-nemean_odes/1997/pb_LCL485.101.xml 9.17], ''Olympian Ode'' [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/pindar-olympian_odes/1997/pb_LCL056.105.xml 6.13], ''Pythian Ode'' [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/pindar-pythian_odes/1997/pb_LCL056.343.xml 8.39]; Diodorus Siculus, [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4B*.html#32.3 4.32.3]; Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#70 70] & [https://topostext.org/work/206#73 73]; Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+1.8.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%20:book=0:chapter=0&highlight=Oicles 1.8.2]; Pausanias, [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:8.36.6 8.36.6]</ref>

==Mythology==
Oicles accompanied [[Heracles]] in his campaign against [[Troy]]. Upon arriving at the [[Troad]], Oicles was put in charge of guarding the expedition's ships, while Heracles left with the main force to attack the city. Oicles' company was attacked  by [[Laomedon]] the king of Troy, who was attempting to burn the invaders ships. Oicles was killed by Laomedon, but his men were able to save the ships by taking them out to sea.<ref>Hard, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA276 p. 276]; Gantz, p. 443; Diodorus Siculus, [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4B*.html#32.3 4.32.3] (which calls this Oicles the son of Amphiaraus); Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.6.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%20:book=0:chapter=0&highlight=Oicles 2.6.4]</ref> The tragedian [[Sophocles]], possibly wrote a play titled ''Oicles'', which dealt with this story.<ref>Gantz, p. 442; Frazer's note 2 to Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.6.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:book=0:chapter=0&highlight=Oicles 2.6.4]</ref>

By some accounts, Oicles lived for a time in [[Arcadia (ancient region)|Arcadia]]. According to the mythographer [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], after the capture of Thebes by the [[Epigoni]], Oicles was visited there by his grandson [[Alcmaeon (mythology)|Alcmaeon]], the son of Ampiaraus.<ref>Hard, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA327 p. 327]; Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.7.5&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:book=0:chapter=0&highlight=Oicles 3.7.5]. This visit of Alcmaeon is chronologically incompatible with Oicles having been killed by Laomedon during Heracles expedition to Troy, see Grimal, s.v. Oecles.</ref> [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]] reports seeing what was said to be the tomb of Oicles near [[Megalopolis, Greece|Megalopolis]] in [[Arcadia (ancient region)|Arcadia]].<ref>Frazer's note 2 to Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.6.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%20:book=0:chapter=0&highlight=Oicles 2.6.4]; Pausanias, [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:8.36.6 8.36.6]: "Next is the tomb of Oicles, the father of Amphiaraus, if indeed he met his end in Arcadia, and not after he had joined Heracles in his campaign against Laomedon".</ref>

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
* [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], ''The Library'' with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. ISBN 0-674-99135-4. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0022 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.] [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0021 Greek text available from the same website].
* [[Bacchylides]], ''Odes'', translated by Diane Arnson Svarlien. 1991. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0064%3Abook%3DEp%3Apoem%3D1 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Diodorus Siculus]], ''Diodorus Siculus: The Library of History''. Translated by C. H. Oldfather. Twelve volumes. [[Loeb Classical Library]]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: [[Harvard University Press]]; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989. [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/home.html Online version by Bill Thayer].
* [[Timothy Gantz|Gantz, Timothy]], ''Early Greek Myth: A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources'', Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996, Two volumes: {{ISBN|978-0-8018-5360-9}} (Vol. 1), {{ISBN|978-0-8018-5362-3}} (Vol. 2).
* Hard, Robin, ''The Routledge Handbook of Greek Mythology: Based on H.J. Rose's "Handbook of Greek Mythology"'', Psychology Press, 2004, {{ISBN|9780415186360}}. [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC Google Books].
* Grimal, Pierre, ''The Dictionary of Classical Mythology'', Wiley-Blackwell, 1996. {{ISBN|978-0-631-20102-1}}.
* [[Homer]], [[Odyssey|''The Odyssey'']] with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, PH.D. in two volumes. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1919. {{ISBN|978-0674995611|}}. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0136 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.] [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0135 Greek text available from the same website].
* [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus, Gaius Julius]], ''[[Fabulae]]'' in ''Apollodorus' ''Library'' and Hyginus' ''Fabulae'': Two Handbooks of Greek Mythology, Translated, with Introductions by R. Scott Smith and Stephen M. Trzaskoma'', Hackett Publishing Company,  2007. {{ISBN|978-0-87220-821-6}}.
* [[Glenn W. Most|Most, G.W.]], ''Hesiod: The Shield, Catalogue of Women, Other Fragments'', [[Loeb Classical Library]], No. 503, Cambridge, Massachusetts, [[Harvard University Press]], 2007, 2018. {{ISBN|978-0-674-99721-9}}. [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL503/2018/volume.xml Online version at Harvard University Press].
* ''[[The Oxford Classical Dictionary]]'', second edition,  [[N. G. L. Hammond|Hammond, N.G.L.]] and [[Howard Hayes Scullard]] (editors), [[Oxford University Press]], 1992. {{ISBN|0-19-869117-3}}.
* Parada, Carlos, ''Genealogical Guide to Greek Mythology'', Jonsered, Paul Åströms Förlag, 1993. {{ISBN|978-91-7081-062-6}}.
* [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], ''Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes.'' Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.1.1 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Pindar]], ''Nemean Odes. Isthmian Odes. Fragments'', Edited and translated by William H. Race. [[Loeb Classical Library]] No. 485. Cambridge, Massachusetts: [[Harvard University Press]], 1997. {{ISBN|978-0-674-99534-5}}. [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL485/1997/volume.xml Online version at Harvard University Press].
* [[Pindar]], ''Olympian Odes. Pythian Odes''. Edited and translated by William H. Race. [[Loeb Classical Library]] No. 56. Cambridge, Massachusetts: [[Harvard University Press]], 1997. {{ISBN|978-0-674-99564-2}}. [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL056/1997/volume.xml Online version at Harvard University Press].
* Tripp, Edward, ''Crowell's Handbook of Classical Mythology'', Thomas Y. Crowell Co; First edition (June 1970). {{ISBN|069022608X}}.


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