Editing Oeagrus

{{Short description|Mythical character, father of Orpheus}}
In [[Greek mythology]], '''Oeagrus''' ({{langx|grc|Οἴαγρος|Oíagros|of the wild sorb-apple}}<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Greek Myths|last=Robert Graves|publisher=Penguin Books|year=1960|isbn=978-0143106715|location=Harmondsworth, London, England|pages=s.v. Orpheus}}</ref>) was a king of [[Thrace]], and father of Orpheus.

== Biography ==

=== Kingdom ===
There are various versions as to where Oeagrus' domain was actually situated. In one version, he ruled over the [[Edoni]]an kingdom in the region of [[Mygdonia]]. He is also connected with [[Pieria (regional unit)|Pieria]], further west, or to the vicinity of the River [[Maritsa|Hebrus]] to the east, the latter was said to be called 'Oeagria', in his honor.{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}}

=== Family ===
In the version that places Oeagrus in Pieria, his father is given as King [[Pierus of Emathia|Pierus]] and the [[nymph]] [[Methone (Greek myth)|Methone]].<ref>''[https://www.gutenberg.org/files/348/348-h/348-h.htm#link2H_4_0021 Of the Origin of Homer and Hesiod and their Contest, Fragment]''  1, 314</ref> He was described as "a Thracian wine-god, who was himself descended from [[Atlas (mythology)|Atlas]]."{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}}  According to ''[[Suda]]'', Oiagros was in the fifth generation after Atlas, by [[Alcyone (Pleiades)|Alkyone]], one of his daughters.<ref>[[Suda]], s.v. ''Orpheus''</ref> This can be explained by the following genealogy: (1) Atlas by [[Pleione (mythology)|Pleione]] — (2) Alcyone by [[Poseidon]] — (3) [[Aethusa]] by Apollo — (4) [[Linus (Thracian)|Linus]] or [[Eleuther]] — (5) Pierus by Methone — Oeager. This was supported by the order of genealogy according to the historian Charax which as follows: Aethuse the Thracian was the mother of Linus, the father of Pierus, the father of Oeagrus.<ref>Suda, s.v. ''[http://topostext.org/work.php?work_id=240#omi.251 Homer]''</ref>

In the account that places him in [[Edonia]] he is said to be the son of [[Charops (mythology)|Charops]], an adherent of the god [[Dionysus]]; Charops was invited by Dionysus to rule over the Edones after the violent death of their king [[Lycurgus of Thrace|Lycurgus]]. Oeagrus has also sometimes been called the son of the god [[Ares]], who was associated with Thrace.<ref>[[Nonnus]], 13.428</ref>

Oeagrus and the [[Muses|Muse]] [[Calliope]]<ref>Apollonius Rhodius, [https://topostext.org/work/126#1.23 1.23–25]; ''[[Argonautica Orphica|Orphic Argonautica]]'' 73 & 1369; [[Ovid]], ''[[Ibis (Ovid)|Ibis]]'' 484; [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''Astronomica'' 2.7.1; [[Conon (mythographer)|Conon]], ''Narrations'' 45 ([[Photios I of Constantinople|Photius]]); [[John Tzetzes|Tzetzes]] ad [[Lycophron]], 831; ''[[Greek Anthology]]'' 7.8 & 7.10</ref><ref>''Scriptores rerum mythicarum Latini.'' ed. G.H. Bode, i. pp. 26, 90 with First and Second Vatican Mythographer as the authority</ref> or [[Clio]]{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}} or [[Polyhymnia|Polymnia]]<ref>Scholia ad Apollonius of Rhodes, 1.23</ref> were the parents of [[Orpheus]]<ref>Apollonius Rhodius, 1.570, 2.703, 4.905 & 4.1193; [[Athenaeus]], ''[[Deipnosophistae]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2013.01.0003%3Abook%3D13%3Achapter%3D71 13.71]; Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+1.9.16&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Oeagrus 1.9.16]; Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' 14, 14.5, 251 & 273; [[Statius]], ''[[Thebaid (Latin poem)|Thebaid]]'' 5.343; [[Eusebius]], ''Preparation of the Gospels'' 1.63; [[Clement of Alexandria]], ''[[Protrepticus (Clement)|Protrepticus]]'' 7, p. 63, ed. Potter; [[Arrian]], ''[[The Anabasis of Alexander|Anabasis of Alexander]]'' 1.11.1</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4B*.html|title=The Library of History|last=Diodorus Siculus|author-link=Diodorus Siculus|publisher=Penelope, [[University of Chicago]]|access-date=March 2, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://classics.mit.edu/Plato/symposium.html|title=Symposium|last=Plato|author-link=Plato|publisher=The Internet Classics Archive, [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]]|access-date=March 2, 2013|archive-date=April 10, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110410132334/http://classics.mit.edu/Plato/symposium.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> and [[Linus (mythology)|Linus]].<ref>Apollodorus, 1.3.2</ref> He married Calliope close to [[Pimpleia]], [[Mount Olympus|Olympus]].<ref>Apollonius Rhodius, 1.23-34</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Pre-Socratic Philosophers|last=Freeman|first=Kathleen|publisher=Basil Blackwell|year=1946|location=Oxford|page=2|author-link=Kathleen Freeman (classicist)}}</ref> The sisters of Orpheus are called Oeagrides, in the sense of the Muses.<ref>[[Moschus]], ''Poems'' 3.17</ref> The father of Orpheus was sometimes given as [[Apollo]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theoi.com/Text/Apollodorus1.html|title=Bibliotheca|last=Pseudo-Apollodorus|author-link=Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|publisher=Theoi.com|access-date=March 2, 2013}}</ref> Oeagrus was also mentioned as the father of [[Marsyas]].<ref>Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#165 165]</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+Comparative table of Oeagrus' family and possible kingdom
! rowspan="3" |Variable
! rowspan="3" |Name
! colspan="20" |Sources
|-
!''Homer''
! colspan="2" |''Apollon.''
! rowspan="2" |''Mos.''
! rowspan="2" |''Dio.''
! rowspan="2" |''Con.''
!''Ovid''
! rowspan="2" |''Arrian''
! rowspan="2" |''Apol.''
! colspan="3" |''Hyginus''
! rowspan="2" |''Athen.''
|''Orp.'' 
! rowspan="2" |''Non.''
|''Gk.'' 
! rowspan="2" |''Suda''
!''Tzet.''
!''1st''
!''2nd''
|-
|''Contest''
|''Arg.''
|''Sch.''
|''Ibis''
| colspan="2" |''Fab.''
|''Ast.''
|''Arg.'' 
|''Ant.''
|''Lyco.''
!''V.M.''
!''V.M''
|-
| rowspan="3" |''Oeagrus' Kingdom''
|(Pimpleia,) Pieria
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|✓
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|✓
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|✓
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|Bistonia
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|✓
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|Thrace
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|-
| rowspan="7" |''Orpheus' Kingdom''
|Pieria
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|✓
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|✓
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|Edonia
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|Macedonia
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|Odrysia
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|Thrace
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|Bistonia (Cicones)
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|Leibithra
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| rowspan="4" |''Parentage''
|Charops
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|Ares
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|Pierus
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|✓
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|Pierus and Methone
|✓
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| rowspan="2" |''Consort''
|Calliope
|✓
|✓
|✓ or
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|✓
|✓
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|✓
|✓
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|✓
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|✓
|✓
|✓
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|✓
|✓
|✓
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|Polymnia
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| rowspan="4" |''Children''
|Orpheus
|✓
|✓
|✓
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|✓
|✓
|✓
|✓
|✓
|✓
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|✓
|✓
|✓
|✓
|✓
|✓
|✓
|✓
|✓
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|Linus
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|Marsyas
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|Oeagrides
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== Mythology ==
In [[Nonnus]]' ''[[Dionysiaca]],'' the author states that Oeagrus quitted his city of Pimpleia on the Bistonian plain and followed the enterprise of [[Dionysus|Dionysos]] against the [[India]]n people. He left his newly born son Orpheus in the charge of his consort Calliopeia.<ref>Nonnus, 13.428</ref> 
{|
|
: "The bold son of Ares, '''Oiagros''', quitted his city of Pimpleia on the Bistonian plain, and joined the rout. He left Orpheus on Calliopeia's knees, a little one interested in his mother's milk, still a new thing. "<ref name=":0">Nonnus, 13.428-431</ref>
|}
Oeagrus was also described as a singer and harpist, and a skilled warrior during this adventures.<ref>Nonnus, 19.70, 19.100, 19.112, 22.168 & 22.188</ref>
{|
|
:"When [[Bromius|Bromios]] had spoken, up sprang a harper, '''Oiagros''', a man of the cold Bistonian land,' with the quill hanging to his harp."<ref>Nonnus, 19.69-71</ref>
|-
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:"Second, my lord '''Oiagros''' wove a winding lay, as the father of Orpheus who has the Muse his boon companion. Only a couple of verses he sang, a ditty of [[Apollo|Phoibos]], clear spoken in few words after some [[Amyclae|Amyclaian]] style: Apollo brought to life again his longhaired [[Hyacinth (mythology)|Hyacinthos]]: [[Staphylus|Staphylos]] will be made to live for aye by Dionysos."<ref>Nonnus, 19.100-105</ref>
|-
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:"The Lord crowned '''Oiagros's''' head with ivy, and the father of Orpheus stamped his foot on the ground, as he accepted with joy the untamed bull, the prize of the singing, while his companions danced round him in a row."<ref>Nonnus, 19.112-115</ref>
|-
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:"'''Oiagros''' also beat back the swarthy fighting, insatiable, reaping the ranks of men in swathes, as he cut the harvest of flashing helms with Bistonian blade."<ref name=":1">Nonnus, 19.168-170</ref>
|-
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:"He (i.e. '''Oiagros''') bent his bow, fitted a shaft to the string, and drew it right back to the tip of the iron and let fly at the mark, trusting all hopes of victory to his bride Calliopeia, mother of a noble son. Nine longbarbed arrows he shot, nine men he slew — one number for the arrows let fly and the warriors killed. One flying shaft pierced a forehead, one cut the round of a hairy breast, another fell on a flank, another upon a belly and dug deep into the hollow middle. Again one went through a side, another caught a running man on the sole of his storming foot and nailed the foot close fastened to the earth. Again he drew back a windswift shaft: and from that quiver another flew, and a shower of arrows went one after another hurtling through the air. As when a man hammers metal on a smith's anvil, and rings the fiery clinks with unwearied sledge beating the mass below, the sparks leap out in showers, spurting when the iron is struck, and heat the air; under blow after blow first one goes up then another, one leaps after another and catches it leaping in its fiery course: so he shooting at the Indian host before him scattered the warriors with arrows without respite, slaying on all sides with the incessant shafts. The centre of the line gave way before this cloud of arrows and a space was left clear, like the crescent moon when it shines dim at either horn and fills the two ends with new-lighted sheen, marking off the middle of the orb with receding beams, and the two horns apart gleaming softly, but the middle orb of the moon marked off is yet seen to be bare.<ref>Nonnus, 22.320-353</ref>
|}

==Honours==
[[Oeagrus Beach]] in [[Antarctica]] is named after the mythical king.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Sources==
*Kathleen Freeman. ''The Pre-Socratic Philosophers''. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1946.

[[Category:Children of Ares]]
[[Category:Mythological kings of Thrace]]
[[Category:Orpheus]]