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{{About||the 2014 film|October 1 (film)}} {{pp-move}} {{pp-pc}} {{calendar}} {{This date in recent years}} {{Day}} ==Events== ===Pre-1600=== *[[331 BC]] – [[Alexander the Great]] defeats [[Darius III of Persia]] in the [[Battle of Gaugamela]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Peter Tsouras|title=Alexander: Invincible King of Macedonia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a1EMylU3tA8C&pg=PR16|year=2004|publisher=Potomac Books, Inc.|isbn=978-1-57488-407-4|pages=16}}</ref> * [[366]] – [[Pope Damasus I]] is consecrated.<ref>{{cite book|author=Joseph N. Tylenda, SJ|title=Saints and Feasts of the Liturgical Year|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YLvsKtKf9E0C&pg=PA272|date=2003|publisher=Georgetown University Press|isbn=1-58901-408-1|pages=272}}</ref> * [[959]] – [[Edgar the Peaceful]] becomes king of all England, in succession to [[Eadwig]].<ref>{{cite book|author=David Hilliam|title=Kings, Queens, Bones & Bastards: Who's Who in the English Monarchy From Egbert to Elizabeth II|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fi47AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA19|date= 2011|publisher=History Press|isbn=978-0-7524-6905-8|pages=19}}</ref> * [[965]] – [[Pope John XIII]] is consecrated.<ref>{{cite book|author=Wendy J. Reardon|title=The Deaths of the Popes: Comprehensive Accounts, Including Funerals, Burial Places and Epitaphs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yvXeCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA73|date=2015|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-1-4766-0231-8|pages=73}}</ref> *[[1553]] – The [[coronation of Mary I of England|coronation]] of Queen [[Mary I of England]] is held at [[Westminster Abbey]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Louis Wiesener|title=The youth of queen Elizabeth, 1533–1558. Ed. from the Fr. by C.M. Yonge|url=https://archive.org/details/youthqueeneliza01wiesgoog|year=1879|pages=[https://archive.org/details/youthqueeneliza01wiesgoog/page/n191 159]}}</ref> *[[1588]] – The coronation of Shah [[Abbas I of Persia]] occurs. ===1601–1900=== *[[1730]] – [[Ahmed III]] is forced to abdicate as the Ottoman sultan. *[[1779]] – The city of [[Tampere]], [[Finland]] (belonging to [[Sweden]] at this time) is founded by King [[Gustav III of Sweden]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://visittampere.fi/en/events/tampere-day/|title=Tampere Day}}</ref> *[[1787]] – Russians under [[Alexander Suvorov]] defeat the Turks [[Battle of Kinburn (1787)|at Kinburn]]. *[[1791]] – First session of the French [[Legislative Assembly (France)|Legislative Assembly]]. *[[1795]] – More than a year after the [[Battle of Sprimont]], the [[Austrian Netherlands]] (present-day [[Belgium]]) are [[History of Belgium#French control|officially annexed]] by [[French Revolution|Revolutionary]] [[First French Republic|France]]. *[[1800]] – Via the [[Third Treaty of San Ildefonso]], Spain cedes Louisiana to France, which would [[Louisiana Purchase|sell the land]] to the United States thirty months later. *[[1814]] – The [[Congress of Vienna]] opens with the intention of redrawing Europe's political map after the defeat of Napoleon in the previous spring. *[[1827]] – [[Russo-Persian War (1826–28)|Russo-Persian War]]: The Russian army under [[Ivan Paskevich]] storms [[Yerevan]], ending a millennium of Muslim domination of [[Armenia]]. *[[1829]] – The [[South African College]] is founded in Cape Town, later separating into the [[University of Cape Town]] and the [[South African College Schools]]. *[[1832]] – [[Texian]] political delegates [[Convention of 1832|convene]] at [[San Felipe de Austin]] to petition for changes in the governance of [[Mexican Texas]]. *[[1861]] – ''[[Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management]]'' is published, going on to sell 60,000 copies in its first year and remaining in print until the present day. *[[1887]] – [[Balochistan]] is conquered by the British Empire. *[[1890]] – [[Yosemite National Park]] is established by the U.S. Congress. *[[1891]] – [[Stanford University]] opens its doors in California, United States. *[[1898]] – The [[Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration]] is founded under the name ''k.u.k. Exportakademie''. ===1901–present=== *[[1903]] – [[Baseball]]: The [[Boston Americans]] play the [[Pittsburgh Pirates]] in the first game of the modern [[1903 World Series|World Series]]. *[[1908]] – [[Ford Model T]] automobiles are offered for sale at a price of US$825. *[[1910]] – A [[Los Angeles Times bombing|large bomb destroys]] the ''Los Angeles Times'' building, killing 21.<ref>{{cite book|last=Taft|first=Philip|title=The A.F. of L. in the Time of Gompers|location=New York|publisher=Harper & Brothers|date=1957|isbn=9780374977344|page=276}}</ref> *[[1915]] – [[The Metamorphosis]] written by [[Franz Kafka]] is published in the German journal [[Die Weißen Blätter]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-16 |title=The Metamorphosis Historical Context - Book Analysis |url=https://bookanalysis.com/franz-kafka/the-metamorphosis/historical-context/ |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=bookanalysis.com |language=en-US}}</ref> *[[1918]] – [[World War I]]: The Egyptian Expeditionary Force [[Capture of Damascus (1918)|captures Damascus]]. * 1918 – [[Sayid Abdullah]] becomes the last Khan of Khiva. *[[1923]] – The [[1923 Imperial Conference]] opened in London.<ref>{{cite news |last=Steele |first=John |date=October 2, 1923 |title=British Rulers May Fix World Power Balance | work=[[Chicago Daily Tribune]]|page=2 }}</ref> * 1923 – [[Georges Carpentier]] knocked out former [[List of British heavyweight boxing champions|British heavyweight champion]] [[Joe Beckett]] a mere twenty seconds into the first round of their boxing match at [[Olympia (London)|Olympia]] in London.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://boxrec.com/list_bouts.php?human_id=32006&cat=boxer |title=Joe Beckett |website=[[BoxRec]] |access-date=January 28, 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=October 2, 1923 |title=Georges Knocks Out Beckett in 1st Round | work=[[Chicago Daily Tribune]]|page=25 }}</ref> *[[1928]] – The Soviet Union introduces its [[First five-year plan (Soviet Union)|first five-year plan]]. * 1928 – [[Newark Liberty International Airport]] opens, becoming the first airport in the [[New York metropolitan area|New York City metro area]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.panynj.gov/airports/ewr-history.html |title=History of Newark Liberty International Airport |website=Newark Liberty International Airport |publisher=Port Authority of New York and New Jersey |access-date=June 4, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611092101/http://www.panynj.gov/airports/ewr-history.html |archive-date=June 11, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> *[[1931]] – The [[George Washington Bridge]] in the United States is opened, linking [[New Jersey]] and New York. * 1931 – [[Clara Campoamor]] persuades the [[Constituent Cortes]] to enfranchise women in Spain's new constitution. *[[1936]] – [[Spanish Civil War]]: [[Francisco Franco]] is named head of the Nationalist government of Spain. * 1936 – Spanish Civil War: The [[Central Committee of Antifascist Militias of Catalonia]] dissolves itself, handing control of [[Revolutionary Catalonia|Catalan]] [[Confederal militias|defence militias]] over to the [[Generalitat de Catalunya|Generalitat]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bonamusa |first1=Francesc |last2=Pagès i Blanch|first2=Pelai |chapter=La Guerra a Catalunya. 70 anys |title=La guerra civil als Països Catalans, 1936–1939 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X0hoQMHmlB4C&q=Comit%C3%A8+Central+de+Mil%C3%ADcies+Antifeixistes+de+Catalunya&pg=PA87 |publisher=University of Valencia |date=2007 |pages=105 |isbn=978-8437067353|language=ca}}</ref> *[[1938]] – Pursuant to the [[Munich Agreement]] signed the day before, [[Nazi Germany]] begins the military occupation and annexation of [[Czechoslovakia]]{{'s}} [[Sudetenland]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Mitcham|first=Samuel W.|title=The Rise of the Wehrmacht: The German Armed Forces and World War II. Vol. 2|location=Westport, Conn.|publisher=Praeger Security International|date=2008|isbn=9780275996611|page=150}}</ref> *[[1939]] – [[World War II]]: After a one-month [[Siege of Warsaw (1939)|siege]], German troops occupy Warsaw. *[[1940]] – The [[Pennsylvania Turnpike]], often considered the first superhighway in the United States, opens to traffic. *[[1942]] – World War II: {{USS|Grouper|SS-214|6}} torpedoes ''[[Lisbon Maru]]'', not knowing that she is carrying British prisoners of war from Hong Kong. *[[1943]] – World War II: After the [[Four Days of Naples]], Allied troops enter the city. *[[1946]] – Nazi leaders are sentenced at the [[Nuremberg trials]]. * 1946 – The [[Autumn Uprising of 1946|Daegu October incident]] occurs in Allied-occupied Korea. *[[1947]] – The [[North American F-86 Sabre]] flies for the first time. *[[1949]] – The [[China|People's Republic of China]] is [[Proclamation of the People's Republic of China|established]]. *[[1953]] – [[Andhra State]] is formed, consisting of a Telugu-speaking area carved out of India's Madras State. * 1953 – A [[Mutual Defense Treaty (United States–South Korea)|United States-South Korea mutual defense treaty]] is concluded in Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mutual Defense Treaty Between the United States and the Republic of Korea; October 1, 1953|url=http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/kor001.asp|website=The Avalon Project|publisher=Lillian Goldman Law Library|access-date=27 July 2016}}</ref> *[[1955]] – The [[Xinjiang|Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region]] is established. *[[1957]] – The motto ''[[In God We Trust]]'' first appears on U.S. paper currency. *[[1958]] – The [[National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics]] is replaced by NASA. *[[1960]] – [[Nigeria]] gains independence from the United Kingdom. *[[1961]] – The United States [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] is formed, becoming the country's first centralized military intelligence organization. * 1961 – East and West Cameroon merge to form the [[Cameroon|Federal Republic of Cameroon]]. * 1961 – The [[CTV Television Network]], Canada's first private television network, is launched.<ref>{{cite book |title=CTV: The Television Wars |last=Gittins |first=Susan |year=1999 |publisher=Stoddart Publishing Co. Ltd. |location=Toronto |isbn=0-7737-3125-3 |ref=Git99 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/ctvtelevisionwar0000gitt |page=73}}</ref> *[[1962]] – [[James Meredith]] enters the University of Mississippi, defying racial segregation rules.<ref>{{cite web|title=About James Meredith |url=https://50years.olemiss.edu/james-meredith/ | website=University of Mississippi History of Integration|access-date=29 September 2022}}</ref> *[[1963]] – On its third anniversary as an independent nation, [[Nigeria]] became a [[Nigerian First Republic|republic]].<ref>{{cite book |first1=Toyin |last1=Falola |author1-link=Toyin Falola |first2=Bukola Adeyemi |last2=Oyeniyi |title=Africa in Focus: Nigeria |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |year=2015 |page=61}}</ref> *[[1964]] – The [[Free Speech Movement]] is launched on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley. * 1964 – Japanese ''[[Shinkansen]]'' ("bullet trains") begin high-speed rail service from Tokyo to Osaka. *[[1966]] – [[West Coast Airlines Flight 956]] crashes with no survivors in Oregon. This accident marks the first loss of a [[DC-9]]. *[[1968]] – Guyana nationalizes the British Guiana Broadcasting Service, which would eventually become part of the [[National Communications Network, Guyana]]. *[[1969]] – [[Concorde]] breaks the sound barrier for the first time. *[[1971]] – [[Walt Disney World]] opens near Orlando, Florida. * 1971 – The first [[History of computed tomography#Commercial scanners|practical CT scanner]] is used to diagnose a patient. *[[1975]] – Muhammad Ali [[Thrilla in Manila|defeats]] Joe Frazier in a boxing match in Manila, Philippines. *[[1978]] – [[Tuvalu]] gains independence from the United Kingdom. *[[1979]] – [[Pope John Paul II]] begins his first pastoral visit to the United States. * 1979 – The [[MTR]], Hong Kong's rapid transit railway system, opens. *[[1982]] – [[Helmut Kohl]] replaces Helmut Schmidt as Chancellor of Germany through a constructive vote of no confidence. * 1982 – [[Epcot|EPCOT Center]] (Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow) opens at Walt Disney World in Florida. * 1982 – Sony and Phillips launch the [[compact disc]] in Japan; on the same day, Sony releases the model [[Sony CDP-101|CDP-101]] compact disc player, the first player of its kind. *[[1985]] – [[Israeli–Palestinian conflict|Israel-Palestinian conflict]]: [[Israel Defense Forces|Israel]] attacks the [[Palestine Liberation Organization]]'s [[Tunisia]] headquarters during [[Operation Wooden Leg]]. *[[1987]] – The 5.9 {{M|w}} [[1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake|Whittier Narrows earthquake]] shakes the San Gabriel Valley with a [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of VIII (''Severe''), killing eight and injuring 200. *[[1989]] – Denmark introduces the world's first legal [[Same-sex marriage in Denmark|same-sex registered partnerships]]. *[[1991]] – Croatian War of Independence: The [[Siege of Dubrovnik]] begins. *[[1994]] – [[Palau]] enters a Compact of Free Association with the United States. *[[2000]] – [[Israeli–Palestinian conflict|Israel-Palestinian conflict]]: Palestinians protest the [[Muhammad al-Durrah incident|murder of 12-year-old Muhammad al-Durrah]] by [[Israel National Police|Israeli police]] in northern Israel, beginning the "[[October 2000 protests in Israel|October 2000 events]]".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2003/06/who-shot-mohammed-al-dura/302735/|title=Who Shot Mohammed al-Dura?|last=Fallows|first=James|date=2003-06-01|work=The Atlantic|access-date=2018-10-30|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[2001]] – Militants [[2001 Jammu and Kashmir legislative assembly car bombing|attack]] the state legislature building in Kashmir, killing 38. * 2001 – [[3G]] wireless technology first becomes available when it is [[3G adoption|adopted]] by Japanese telecommunications company [[NTT Docomo]].<ref name="auto12">{{Cite web |last=McCarthy |first=Kieren |date=2001-10-01 |title=World's first 3G network live today |url=https://www.theregister.com/2001/10/01/worlds_first_3g_network_live/ |access-date=2022-12-03 |website=The Register |language=en}}</ref> *[[2003]] – The popular and controversial English-language [[imageboard]] [[4chan]] is launched.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/article/35752705/4chan-founder-moot-joins-google-but-why/|title=4chan founder 'moot' joins Google. But why?|date=March 8, 2016|website=BBC Newsbeat|access-date=August 12, 2019}}</ref> *[[2009]] – The [[Supreme Court of the United Kingdom]] takes over the judicial functions of the House of Lords. *[[2012]] – A [[2012 Lamma Island ferry collision|ferry collision]] off the coast of Hong Kong kills 38 people and injures 102 others. *[[2014]] – A [[2014 Gorni Lom explosions|series of explosions]] at a gunpowder plant in Bulgaria completely destroys the factory, killing 15 people. * 2014 – A [[Homs school bombing|double bombing]] of an [[elementary school]] in [[Homs]], [[Syria]] kills over 50 people.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.sky.com/story/protests-as-47-children-killed-in-school-bombing-10387732|title=Protests As 47 Children Killed In School Bombing|website=Sky News}}</ref> *[[2015]] – A gunman [[2015 Umpqua Community College shooting|kills nine people]] at a community college in Oregon. * 2015 – Heavy rains trigger a major [[2015 Guatemala landslide|landslide]] in [[Guatemala]], killing 280 people. * 2015 – The American cargo vessel [[SS El Faro|SS ''El Faro'']] sinks with all of its 33 crew after steaming into the eyewall of [[Hurricane Joaquin]].<ref name=RagingSea>Slade, Rachel. ''Into the Raging Sea: Thirty-Three Mariners, One Megastorm and the Sinking of the El Faro''. HarperCollins, New York, 2018.</ref> *[[2016]] – The leader of the [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party]], [[Pedro Sánchez (Spanish politician)|Pedro Sánchez]], resigns. He would return to the position a year later.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-37529610/ |title=Pedro Sanchez: Spanish Socialist leader resigns |work=BBC News |date=October 2016 }}</ref> *[[2017]] – An [[2017 Catalan independence referendum|independence referendum]], later declared illegal by the Constitutional Court of [[Spain]], takes place in [[Catalonia]]. * 2017 – Sixty people are killed and 867 others injured in [[2017 Las Vegas shooting|a mass shooting]] at [[Route 91 Harvest|a country music festival]] at the [[Las Vegas Strip]] in the United States; the gunman, [[Stephen Paddock]], later commits suicide.<ref name="LCMPreport">{{cite web |last1=Lombardo |first1=Joseph |title=LVMPD Criminal Investigative Report of the 1 October Mass Casualty Shooting. LVMPD Event Number 171001-3519 |url=https://www.lvmpd.com/en-us/Documents/1-October-FIT-Criminal-Investigative-Report-FINAL_080318.pdf |publisher=Las Vegas Metropolitan Police |access-date=1 May 2021 |date=3 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Moore |first1=Jack |title=Vegas shooter Stephen Paddock planned to escape but killed himself as the SWAT team moved in |url=https://www.newsweek.com/vegas-shooter-stephen-paddock-planned-escape-left-note-shooting-himself-678572 |access-date=1 May 2021 |work=Newsweek |date=5 October 2017 |language=en}}</ref> *[[2018]] – The [[International Court of Justice]] rules that Chile is [[Obligation to Negotiate Access to the Pacific Ocean|not obliged to negotiate access to the Pacific Ocean]] with Bolivia.<ref name=":15">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/oct/01/landlocked-bolivias-request-for-chile-to-grant-ocean-access-rejected-by-un|title=Landlocked Bolivia's request for Chile to discuss ocean access rejected by UN|date=2018-10-01|work=The Guardian|access-date=2019-05-17|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190516214421/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/oct/01/landlocked-bolivias-request-for-chile-to-grant-ocean-access-rejected-by-un|archive-date=2019-05-16|url-status=live}}</ref> *[[2019]] – [[Kuopio school stabbing]]: One dies and ten are injured when Joel Marin, armed with a [[sabre]], attacks a school class at Savo Vocational College in [[Kuopio, Finland]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/01/world/europe/finland-stabbing.html|title=Finland School Stabbing Leaves 1 Dead and 10 Injured, Police Say|last1 = Fortin|first1 = Jacey|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=1 October 2019|accessdate=1 November 2021}}</ref> *[[2021]] – The [[Expo 2020|2020 World Expo]] in [[Dubai]] begins. Its opening was originally scheduled for 20 October 2020 but was delayed due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Dubai Expo confirms new dates: 1 October 2021 until 31 March 2022 |url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/coronavirus-pandemic/expo-2020-dubai-dates-set-to-be-postponed |access-date=14 May 2020 |publisher=Khaleej Times |archive-date=4 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504180053/https://www.khaleejtimes.com/coronavirus-pandemic/expo-2020-dubai-dates-set-to-be-postponed |url-status=live }}</ref> *[[2022]] – [[Kanjuruhan Stadium disaster|One hundred and thirty-five are killed]] in a [[human crush]] following a football match at [[Kanjuruhan Stadium]] in [[East Java]], [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{cite news |author-first1=Vicki |author-first2=Resinta |author-last1=Febrianto |author-last2=S |editor-first=Sri |editor-last=Haryati |title=Death count in Kanjuruhan tragedy climbs to 135 |url=https://en.antaranews.com/news/256465/death-count-in-kanjuruhan-tragedy-climbs-to-135 |access-date=2023-08-22 |date=2022-10-24 |website=Antara News}}</ref> *[[2024]] – [[Israel]] [[2024 Israeli invasion of Lebanon|invaded]] [[Southern Lebanon]], marking the fifth [[Israeli–Lebanese conflict|Israeli invasion of Lebanon]] since 1978.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Durgham |first1=Nader |last2= Deeb |first2=Josephine|title=Israel's invasion of Lebanon: What is happening on the ground? |url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/israels-invasion-lebanon-what-happening-ground |website=Middle East Eye |date=17 October 2024}}</ref> ==Births== <!-- Do not add yourself or people without Wikipedia articles to this list. No red links, please. Do not trust "this year in history" websites for accurate date information. Do not link multiple occurrences of the same year, just link the first occurrence. --> ===Pre-1600=== *[[86 BC]] – [[Sallust]], Roman historian (d. 34 BC)<ref>{{cite book|author=Ronald Syme|title=Sallust|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=79MPl3kMIV4C&pg=PA13|date= 2002|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-92910-4|pages=13}}</ref> * [[208]] – [[Alexander Severus]], Roman emperor (d. 235)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Meijer |first1=Fik |title=Emperors Don't Die in Bed |date=2004 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-38405-1 |page=80 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3uN_AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA80 |language=en}}</ref> *[[1207]] – [[Henry III of England]] (d. 1272)<ref>{{cite web |title=History – Henry III |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/henry_iii_king.shtml |website=BBC |access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref> *[[1476]] – [[Guy XVI de Laval|Guy XVI]], Count of Laval (d. 1531) *[[1480]] – [[Saint Cajetan]], Italian Catholic priest and religious reformer (d. 1547) *[[1507]] – [[Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola]], Italian architect who designed the [[Church of the Gesù]] (d. 1573) *[[1526]] – [[Dorothy Stafford]], English noble (d. 1604) *[[1540]] – [[Johann Jakob Grynaeus]], Swiss pastor and theologian (d. 1617) *[[1542]] – [[Álvaro de Mendaña de Neira]], Spanish explorer (d. 1595) *[[1550]] – [[Anne of Saint Bartholomew]], Spanish Discalced Carmelite nun (d. 1626) *[[1554]] – [[Leonardus Lessius]], Jesuit theologian (d. 1623) ===1601–1900=== *[[1620]] – [[Nicolaes Pieterszoon Berchem]], Dutch painter (d. 1683) *[[1671]] – [[Luigi Guido Grandi]], Italian monk, mathematician, and engineer (d. 1742) *[[1681]] – [[Giulia Lama]], Italian painter (d. 1747)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Gaze |first1=Delia |title=Concise Dictionary of Women Artists |date=2001 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-57958-335-4 |page=438 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V4h7A0XIN14C&pg=PA438 |language=en}}</ref> *[[1685]] – [[Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor]] (d. 1740) *[[1691]] – [[Arthur Onslow]], English lawyer and politician, [[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|Speaker of the House of Commons]] (d. 1768) *[[1712]] – [[William Shippen Sr.|William Shippen]], American physician and politician (d. 1801) *[[1719]] – [[John Bligh, 3rd Earl of Darnley]], British parliamentarian (d. 1781) *[[1724]] – [[Giovanni Battista Cirri]], Italian cellist and composer (d. 1808) *[[1729]] – [[Anton Cajetan Adlgasser]], German organist and composer (d. 1777) *[[1730]] – [[Richard Stockton (Continental Congressman)|Richard Stockton]], American lawyer, jurist, and politician (d. 1781) *[[1760]] – [[William Thomas Beckford]], English author and politician (d. 1844) *[[1762]] – [[Anton Bernolák]], Slovak priest and linguist (d. 1813) *[[1771]] – [[Pierre Baillot]], French violinist and composer (d. 1842) *[[1791]] – [[Sergey Aksakov]], Russian soldier and author (d. 1859) *[[1808]] – [[Mary Anna Custis Lee]], American wife of [[Robert E. Lee]] (d. 1873) *[[1832]] – [[Caroline Harrison]], American educator, 24th [[List of First Ladies of the United States|First Lady of the United States]] (d. 1892) * 1832 – [[Henry Clay Work]], American composer and songwriter (d. 1884) *[[1835]] – [[Ádám Politzer]], Hungarian-Austrian physician and anatomist (d. 1920) *[[1842]] – [[S. Subramania Iyer]], Indian lawyer and jurist (d. 1924) * 1842 – [[Charles Cros]], French poet and author (d. 1888) * 1846 – [[Nectarios of Aegina]], Greek metropolitan and saint (d. 1920) *[[1847]] – [[Annie Besant]], English-Indian activist and author (d. 1933) *[[1865]] – [[Paul Dukas]], French composer, scholar, and critic (d. 1935) *[[1878]] – [[Othmar Spann]], Austrian economist, sociologist, and philosopher (d. 1950) *[[1881]] – [[William Boeing]], American engineer and businessman who founded the [[Boeing|Boeing Company]] (d. 1956) *[[1885]] – [[Louis Untermeyer]], American poet, anthologist, and critic (d. 1977) *[[1887]] – [[Ned Hanlon (politician)|Ned Hanlon]], Australian politician, 26th [[Premier of Queensland]] (d. 1952) * 1887 – [[Shizuichi Tanaka]], Japanese general (d. 1945) *[[1890]] – [[Stanley Holloway]], English actor (d. 1982) *[[1893]] – [[Cliff Friend]], American pianist and songwriter (d. 1974) * 1893 – [[Ip Man]], Chinese martial artist (d. 1972) *[[1894]] – [[Edgar Krahn]], Estonian mathematician and academic (d. 1961) *[[1895]] – [[Liaquat Ali Khan]], Indian-Pakistani lawyer and politician, 1st [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]] (d. 1951) *[[1896]] – [[Ted Healy]], American actor, singer, and screenwriter (d. 1937) *[[1899]] – [[Ernest Haycox]], American author (d. 1950) *[[1900]] – [[Tom Goddard]], English cricketer (d. 1966) *1900 – [[Ashfaqulla Khan]], Indian activist (d. 1927)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Farukh |first=S. Waris |url=https://esamskriti.com/essays/pdf/13-SEPT-Unsung-hEROES-2.pdf |title=Unsung Heroes |publisher=Indus Soucebooks |year=2003 |isbn=978-81-88569-33-5 |volume=2 |pages=8–14}}</ref> ===1901–present=== *[[1903]] – [[Vladimir Horowitz]], Russian-born American pianist and composer (d. 1989) * 1903 – [[Pierre Veyron]], French race car driver (d. 1970) *[[1904]] – [[Otto Robert Frisch]], Austrian-English physicist and academic (d. 1979) * 1904 – [[A. K. Gopalan]], Indian educator and politician (d. 1977) *[[1906]] – [[S. D. Burman]], Indian composer and singer (d. 1975) *[[1907]] – [[Maurice Bardèche]], French journalist, author, and critic (d. 1998) * 1907 – [[Ödön Pártos]], Hungarian-Israeli viola player and composer (d. 1977) *[[1908]] – [[Herman David Koppel]], Danish pianist and composer (d. 1998) *[[1909]] – [[Sam Yorty]], American captain, politician, and 37th [[Mayor of Los Angeles]] (d. 1998) *[[1910]] – [[Fritz Köberle]], Austrian-Brazilian physician and pathologist (d. 1983) * 1910 – [[José Enrique Moyal]], Australian physicist and engineer (d. 1998) * 1910 – [[Bonnie and Clyde|Bonnie Parker]], American criminal (d. 1934)<ref name="UPI">{{cite web |title=Famous birthdays for Oct. 1: Zach Galifianakis, Randy Quaid |url=https://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/2022/10/01/Famous-birthdays-for-Oct-1-Zach-Galifianakis-Randy-Quaid/4591664582478/#:~:text=Famous%20birthdays%20for%20Oct.,%2C%20Randy%20Quaid%20%2D%20UPI.com |publisher=[[UPI]] |access-date=29 September 2023 |date=1 October 2022}}</ref> * 1910 – [[Chaim Pinchas Scheinberg]], Polish-Israeli rabbi and scholar (d. 2012) *[[1911]] – [[Irwin Kostal]], American songwriter, screenwriter, and publisher (d. 1994) * 1911 – [[Heinrich Mark]], Estonian lawyer and politician, 5th [[Prime Minister of Estonia in exile]] (d. 2004) *[[1912]] – [[Kathleen Ollerenshaw]], English mathematician, astronomer, and politician, [[Lord Mayor of Manchester]] (d. 2014) *[[1913]] – [[Hélio Gracie]], Brazilian martial artist (d. 2009) * 1913 – [[Harry Lookofsky]], American violinist and producer (d. 1998) *[[1914]] – [[Daniel J. Boorstin]], American historian, lawyer, author, and 12th [[Librarian of Congress]] (d. 2004) *[[1915]] – [[Jerome Bruner]], American psychologist and author (d. 2016) *[[1917]] – [[Cahal Daly]], Irish cardinal and theologian (d. 2009) *[[1919]] – [[Bob Boyd (baseball)|Bob Boyd]], American baseball player (d. 2004) * 1919 – [[Majrooh Sultanpuri]], Indian poet and songwriter (d. 2000) *[[1920]] – [[David Herbert Donald]], American historian and author (d. 2009) * 1920 – [[Walter Matthau]], American actor (d. 2000)<ref name="UPI" /> *[[1921]] – [[James Whitmore]], American actor (d. 2009) *[[1922]] – [[Chen-Ning Yang]], Chinese-American physicist, academic, and [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate *[[1924]] – [[Jimmy Carter]], American naval [[Lieutenant (navy)|lieutenant]], politician, 39th [[President of the United States]], and [[Nobel Peace Prize|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. 2024)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Suggs |first1=Ernie |last2=Quinn |first2=Christopher |title=Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter, 100, dies |url=https://www.ajc.com/news/former-us-president-jimmy-carter-100-dies/3ODQTR5NHVDTDF2SXOU34MKNZM/ |website=[[The Atlanta Journal-Constitution]] |access-date=29 December 2024}}</ref> * 1924 – [[Bob Geigel]], American wrestler and promoter (d. 2014) * 1924 – [[Leonie Kramer]], Australian academic (d. 2016) * 1924 – [[William Rehnquist]], American lawyer and jurist, 16th [[Chief Justice of the United States]] (d. 2005)<ref name="UPI" /> * 1924 – [[Roger Williams (pianist)|Roger Williams]], American pianist (d. 2011) *[[1927]] – [[Tom Bosley]], American actor (d. 2010) * 1927 – [[Sherman Glenn Finesilver]], American lawyer and judge (d. 2006) * 1927 – [[Sandy Gall]], Malaysian-Scottish journalist and author *[[1928]] – [[Laurence Harvey]], Lithuanian-English actor, director, and producer (d. 1973)<ref>{{cite book|author=Anne Sinai|title=Reach for the Top: The Turbulent Life of Laurence Harvey|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gq48PM14-vIC&pg=PA2|date=2007|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-1-4616-7076-6|pages=2}}</ref> * 1928 – [[Willy Mairesse]], Belgian race car driver (d. 1969) * 1928 – [[George Peppard]], American actor (d. 1994) * 1928 – [[Sivaji Ganesan]], Indian actor (d. 2001)<ref name="TNN">{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Sivaji-Ganesans-birth-anniversary/articleshow/23338524.cms |title=Sivaji Ganesan's birth anniversary |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=15 January 2017 |access-date=20 May 2018 |archive-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518204957/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Sivaji-Ganesans-birth-anniversary/articleshow/23338524.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> * 1928 – [[Zhu Rongji]], Chinese engineer and politician, 5th [[Premier of the People's Republic of China]] *[[1929]] – [[Ken Arthurson]], Australian rugby player and coach * 1929 – [[Grady Chapman]], American singer (d. 2011) * 1929 – [[Bonnie Owens]], American singer-songwriter (d. 2006) *[[1930]] – [[Frank Gardner (racing driver)|Frank Gardner]], Australian race car driver and manager (d. 2009) * 1930 – [[Richard Harris]], Irish actor (d. 2002)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/2361801.stm |title=Entertainment Obituary: Richard Harris |work=BBC News |date=25 October 2002 |access-date=10 November 2012}}</ref> * 1930 – [[Naimatullah Khan]], Pakistani lawyer and politician, [[Mayor of Karachi]] (d. 2020) * 1930 – [[Philippe Noiret]], French actor (d. 2006) *[[1931]] – [[Sylvano Bussotti]], Italian violinist and composer (d. 2021) * 1931 – [[Anwar Shamim]], Pakistani general (d. 2013) * 1931 – [[Alan Wagner]], American radio host and critic (d. 2007) *[[1932]] – [[Albert Collins]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1993) *[[1934]] – [[Emilio Botín]], Spanish banker and businessman (d. 2014) *[[1935]] – [[Julie Andrews]], English actress and singer<ref>{{cite web |title=Julie Andrews {{!}} Biography, Movies, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Julie-Andrews |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=20 January 2020 |language=en}}</ref> * 1935 – [[Walter De Maria]], American sculptor and drummer (d. 2013) *[[1936]] – [[Duncan Edwards]], English footballer (d. 1958) *[[1937]] – [[Saeed Ahmed (cricketer, born 1937)|Saeed Ahmed]], Pakistani cricketer (d. 2024) *[[1938]] – [[Tunç Başaran]], Turkish actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2019) * 1938 – [[Mary McFadden]], American fashion designer (d. 2024)<ref>{{Cite news |last=Louie |first=Elaine |date=September 14, 2024 |title=Mary McFadden, Celebrated Designer of Shimmering Dresses, Dies at 85 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/14/fashion/mary-mcfadden-dead.html |access-date=September 15, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> * 1938 – [[Stella Stevens]], American actress and director (d. 2023)<ref>{{Cite news |last=Schudel |first=Matt |date=February 17, 2023 |title=Stella Stevens, who brought glamour and comic touch to films, dies at 84 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2023/02/17/stella-stevens-actress-dead/ |newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> *[[1939]] – [[George Archer]], American golfer (d. 2005) * 1939 – [[Geoffrey Whitehead]], English actor *[[1940]] – [[Phyllis Chesler]], American feminist psychologist * 1940 – [[Steve O'Rourke]], English race car driver and manager (d. 2003) * 1940 – [[Marc Savoy]], American accordion player, created the [[Cajun accordion]] *[[1942]] – [[Peaches & Herb|Herb Fame]], American R&B singer * 1942 – [[Jean-Pierre Jabouille]], French race car driver and engineer (d. 2023) * 1942 – [[Bob Lanigan]], Australian rugby league player (d. 2024)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/bob-lanigan/summary.html|title=Bob Lanigan - Career Stats & Summary - Rugby League Project|website=www.rugbyleagueproject.org|access-date=13 May 2019}}</ref> * 1942 – [[Robert Lelièvre]], French singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1973) * 1942 – [[David Stancliffe]], English bishop and scholar * 1942 – [[Günter Wallraff]], German journalist and author *[[1943]] – [[Jean-Jacques Annaud]], French director, producer, and screenwriter * 1943 – [[Angèle Arsenault]], Canadian singer-songwriter (d. 2014) * 1943 – [[Jerry Martini]], American saxophonist<ref name="AP" /> * 1943 – [[Robert Slater]], American author and journalist (d. 2014) *[[1945]] – [[Rod Carew]], Panamanian-American baseball player and coach<ref>{{cite web |title=Rod Carew Stats, Fantasy & News |url=https://www.mlb.com/player/rod-carew-111986 |website=MLB.com |language=en |access-date=19 July 2020 }}</ref> * 1945 – [[Donny Hathaway]], American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (d. 1979) * 1945 – [[Ram Nath Kovind]], 14th [[President of India]]<ref>{{cite web |title=The President of India |url=https://presidentofindia.nic.in/profile.htm |website=presidentofindia.gov.in |publisher=[[National Informatics Centre]] |access-date=19 July 2020 |language=en}}</ref> *[[1946]] – [[Dave Holland (bassist)|Dave Holland]], English bassist, composer, and bandleader<ref name="AP" /> * 1946 – [[Tim O'Brien (author)|Tim O'Brien]], American novelist and short story writer<ref name="UPI" /> *[[1947]] – [[Dave Arneson]], American game designer, co-created ''[[Dungeons & Dragons]]'' (d. 2009) * 1947 – [[Dalveer Bhandari]], Indian lawyer and judge * 1947 – [[Buzz Capra]], American baseball player and coach * 1947 – [[Aaron Ciechanover]], Israeli biologist and physician, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate * 1947 – [[Stephen Collins]], American actor and director<ref name="UPI" /> * 1947 – [[Nevill Drury]], English-Australian journalist and publisher (d. 2013) * 1947 – [[Adriano Tilgher (politician)|Adriano Tilgher]], Italian politician * 1947 – [[Martin Turner]], English singer-songwriter and bass player * 1947 – [[Mariska Veres]], Dutch singer (d. 2006) *[[1948]] – [[Cub Koda]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2000) *[[1949]] – [[Isaac Bonewits]], American singer-songwriter, liturgist, and author (d. 2010) * 1949 – [[Sheila Gilmore]], Scottish lawyer and politician * 1949 – [[André Rieu]], Dutch violinist, composer, and conductor *[[1950]] – [[Elpida (singer)|Elpida]], Greek singer-songwriter * 1950 – [[Yvette Freeman]], American actress<ref name="AP" /> * 1950 – [[Susan Greenfield, Baroness Greenfield]], English neuroscientist, academic, and politician * 1950 – [[Mark Helias]], American bassist and composer * 1950 – [[Sigbjørn Johnsen]], Norwegian politician, [[Minister of Finance (Norway)|Norwegian Minister of Finance]] * 1950 – [[Boris Morukov]], Russian physician and astronaut (d. 2015) * 1950 – [[Randy Quaid]], American actor<ref name="AP" /> *[[1951]] – [[Brian Greenway]], Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist *[[1952]] – [[Jacques Martin (ice hockey)|Jacques Martin]], Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager * 1952 – [[Bob Myrick]], American baseball player (d. 2012) * 1952 – [[Ivan Sekyra]], Czech singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2012) * 1952 – [[Earl Slick]], American rock guitarist and songwriter *[[1953]] – [[Pete Falcone]], American baseball player * 1953 – [[Viljar Loor]], Estonian volleyball player (d. 2011) * 1953 – [[Miguel Lopez (soccer, born 1953)|Miguel Lopez]], Salvadorian-American soccer player * 1953 – [[Grete Waitz]], Norwegian runner and coach (d. 2011) * 1953 – [[Klaus Wowereit]], German civil servant and politician, [[Governing Mayor of Berlin]]<ref>{{cite book|author=((Editors of Time Magazine))|title=Time: Almanac 2009|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1vtdkOrxEm4C|date= 2008|publisher=Time Home Entertainment, Incorporated|isbn=978-1-60320-042-4|page=75}}</ref> *[[1955]] – [[Howard Hewett]], American singer-songwriter<ref name="AP" /> * 1955 – [[Morten Gunnar Larsen]], Norwegian pianist and composer<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Morten Gunnar Larsen Extended Biography |language=no |last=Stendahl |first=Bjørn |url=http://nbl.snl.no/Morten_Gunnar_Larsen/utdypning |encyclopedia=[[Norsk Biografisk Leksikon]] |publisher=[[Kunnskapsforlaget]] |date=13 February 2009 |access-date=2 November 2013}}</ref> * 1955 – [[Jeff Reardon]], American baseball player *[[1956]] – [[Andrus Ansip]], Estonian engineer and politician, 15th [[Prime Minister of Estonia]] * 1956 – [[Theresa May]], English politician, former [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]]<ref>{{cite book|author=((Editors of Chase's))|title=Chase's Calendar of Events 2020: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6dKpDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA491|date=2019|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-1-64143-316-7|pages=491}}</ref> *[[1957]] – [[Kang Seok-woo]], South Korean actor * 1957 – [[Éva Tardos]], Hungarian mathematician and educator *[[1958]] – [[Martin Cooper (musician)|Martin Cooper]], English saxophonist, composer, and painter * 1958 – [[Masato Nakamura]], Japanese bass player and producer *[[1959]] – [[Mark Aizlewood]], Welsh footballer and manager * 1959 – [[Brian P. Cleary]], American author and poet * 1959 – [[Youssou N'Dour]], Senegalese singer-songwriter, musician, and politician<ref name="AP" /> *[[1960]] – [[Joshua Wurman]], American scientist, [[Doppler on Wheels]] inventor, and storm chaser *[[1961]] – [[Gary Ablett Sr.]], Australian footballer * 1961 – [[Rico Constantino]], American wrestler and manager * 1961 – [[Corrie van Zyl]], South African cricketer and coach *[[1962]] – [[Attaphol Buspakom]], Thai footballer and manager (d. 2015) * 1962 – [[Nico Claesen]], Belgian footballer and coach * 1962 – [[Esai Morales]], American actor<ref name="AP">{{cite web |last1=Rose |first1=Mike |title=Today's famous birthdays list for October 1, 2022 includes celebrities Julie Andrews, Brie Larson |url=https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2022/10/todays-famous-birthdays-list-for-october-1-2022-includes-celebrities-julie-andrews-brie-larson.html |website=[[The Plain Dealer]] |publisher=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=29 September 2023 |date=1 October 2022}}</ref> * 1962 – [[Paul Walsh]], English footballer and sportscaster *[[1963]] – [[Jean-Denis Delétraz]], Swiss race car driver * 1963 – [[Mark McGwire]], American baseball player and coach<ref name="UPI" /> *[[1964]] – [[Harry Hill]], English comedian and author * 1964 – [[Max Matsuura]], Japanese songwriter, producer, and manager * 1964 – [[Jonathan Sarfati]], Australian-New Zealand chess player and author *[[1965]] – [[Andreas Keller]], German field hockey player * 1965 – [[Cindy Margolis]], American actress and model<ref name="AP" /> * 1965 – [[Mia Mottley]], Barbadian prime minister * 1965 – [[Chris Reason]], Australian journalist * 1965 – [[Cliff Ronning]], Canadian ice hockey player and coach *[[1966]] – [[George Weah]], Liberian footballer and politician, 25th [[President of Liberia]] * 1966 – [[José Ángel Ziganda]], Spanish footballer and manager *[[1967]] – [[Mike Pringle (Canadian football)|Mike Pringle]], American-Canadian football player * 1967 – [[Scott Young (ice hockey, born 1967)|Scott Young]], American ice hockey player and coach *[[1968]] – [[Rob Collard]], English race car driver * 1968 – [[Phil de Glanville]], English rugby player * 1968 – [[Mark Durden-Smith]], British television presenter * 1968 – [[Kevin Griffin]], American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer * 1968 – [[Jon Guenther]], American author and engineer * 1968 – [[Jay Underwood]], American actor and pastor *[[1969]] – [[Zach Galifianakis]], American actor, comedian, producer, and screenwriter<ref name="AP" /> * 1969 – [[Joseph Patrick Moore]], American musician, composer, and producer * 1969 – [[Ori Kaplan]], Israeli-American saxophonist and producer * 1969 – [[Marcus Stephen]], Nauruan weightlifter and politician, 27th [[President of Nauru]] * 1969 – [[Igor Ulanov]], Russian ice hockey player *[[1970]] – [[Simon Davey]], Welsh footballer and manager * 1970 – [[Alexei Zhamnov]], Russian ice hockey player and manager *[[1971]] – [[Yvette Hermundstad]], Swedish journalist * 1971 – [[Andrew O'Keefe]], Australian lawyer and television host * 1971 – [[Jim Serdaris]], Australian rugby league player *[[1972]] – [[Ronen Altman Kaydar]], Israeli author and poet * 1972 – [[Esa Holopainen]], Finnish singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1972 – [[Jean (footballer, born 1972)|Jean]], Brazilian footballer * 1972 – [[Nicky Morgan]], British politician * 1972 – [[Ayşe Yiğit]], Belgian politician<ref>{{cite web |title=Les Députés: Ayse Yigit |url=https://www.lachambre.be/kvvcr/showpage.cfm?section=/depute&language=fr&cfm=cvview54.cfm?key=07672&lactivity=56 |publisher=[[Chamber of Representatives (Belgium)|Chamber of Representatives]] |access-date=5 September 2024 |location=Brussels, Belgium |language=fr}}</ref> *[[1973]] – [[Christian Borle]], American actor and singer * 1973 – [[Rachid Chékhémani]], French runner * 1973 – [[Jana Henke]], German swimmer * 1973 – [[John Mackey (composer)|John Mackey]], American composer * 1973 – [[John Thomson (baseball)|John Thomson]], American baseball player and coach *[[1974]] – [[Keith Duffy]], Irish singer-songwriter, dancer, and actor * 1974 – [[Nick Graham (rugby league)|Nick Graham]], Australian rugby player * 1974 – [[Mats Lindgren]], Swedish ice hockey player and coach * 1974 – [[Sherri Saum]], American actress<ref name="AP" /> *[[1975]] – [[Justin Leppitsch]], Australian rules footballer * 1975 – [[Zoltán Sebescen]], German footballer and coach *[[1976]] – [[Denis Gauthier]], Canadian ice hockey player * 1976 – [[Ümit Karan]], Turkish footballer * 1976 – [[Richard Oakes (guitarist)|Richard Oakes]], English guitarist and songwriter * 1976 – [[Antonio Roybal]], American painter and sculptor * 1976 – [[Mark Švets]], Estonian footballer *[[1977]] – [[Christel Takigawa]], French-Japanese journalist * 1977 – [[Jeffrey van Hooydonk]], Belgian race car driver *[[1978]] – [[Katie Aselton]], American actress<ref name="AP" /> * 1978 – [[Nicole Atkins]], American singer-songwriter * 1978 – [[Leticia Cline]], American model and journalist * 1978 – [[Joe Keith]], English footballer * 1978 – [[Dominic Thornely]], Australian cricketer *[[1979]] – [[Curtis Axel]], American wrestler * 1979 – [[Rudi Johnson]], American football player * 1979 – [[Gilberto Martínez]], Costa Rican footballer * 1979 – [[Ryan Pontbriand]], American football player * 1979 – [[Marko Stanojevic]], English-Italian rugby player *[[1980]] – [[Sarah Drew]], American actress<ref name="AP" /> * 1980 – [[Antonio Narciso]], Italian footballer *[[1981]] – [[Júlio Baptista]], Brazilian footballer * 1981 – [[Tom Donnelly]], New Zealand rugby player * 1981 – [[Gaby Mudingayi]], Belgian footballer * 1981 – [[Johnny Oduya]], Swedish ice hockey player * 1981 – [[Arnau Riera]], Spanish footballer * 1981 – [[David Yelldell]], German-American soccer player *[[1982]] – [[Haruna Babangida]], Nigerian footballer * 1982 – [[Aleksandar Đuričić]], Serbian author and playwright *[[1983]] – [[Mohamed Abdelwahab]], Egyptian footballer (d. 2006) * 1983 – [[Mirko Vučinić]], Montenegrin footballer *[[1984]] – [[Beck Bennett]], American actor and comedian<ref name="AP" /> * 1984 – [[Matt Cain]], American baseball player * 1984 – [[Daniel Guillén Ruiz]], Spanish footballer *[[1985]] – [[Nazimuddin Ahmed]], Bangladeshi cricketer *[[1986]] – [[Sayaka Kanda]], Japanese actress and singer (d. 2021)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://usdaynews.com/celebrities/celebrity-death/sayaka-kanda-death-cause/ |title=Voice Actress From Frozen Sayaka Kanda's Cause of Sudden Death |website=US day News |date=18 December 2021 |access-date= December 20, 2021}}</ref> * 1986 – [[Jurnee Smollett]], American actress<ref name="AP" /> * 1986 – [[Ricardo Vaz Tê]], Portuguese footballer *[[1987]] – [[Hiroki Aiba]], Japanese actor and singer * 1987 – [[Mitchell Aubusson]], Australian rugby league player * 1987 – [[Matthew Daddario]], American actor<ref name="UPI" /> * 1987 – [[Gibran Rakabuming Raka]], Indonesian businessman and politician, 14th [[Vice President of Indonesia]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Setuningsih |first=Novianti |date=20 October 2024 |title=Profil Gibran Rakabuming Raka, dari Walikota Solo Termuda Menjadi Wapres RI |url=https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2024/10/20/10330941/profil-gibran-rakabuming-raka-dari-walikota-solo-termuda-menjadi-wapres-ri?page=all |access-date=24 October 2024 |website=Kompas.com |publisher=KG Media |language=id}}</ref> *[[1989]] – [[Brie Larson]], American actress<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.biography.com/people/brie-larson-011316 |title=Brie Larson |work=[[Biography.com]] |access-date=July 19, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180719113730/https://www.biography.com/people/brie-larson-011316|archive-date= July 19, 2018 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> *[[1990]] – [[Pedro Filipe Mendes]], Portuguese footballer * 1990 – [[Albert Prosa]], Estonian footballer *[[1991]] – [[Conor Clifford]], Irish footballer * 1991 – [[Robbie Ray]], American baseball player<ref>{{cite web |title=Robbie Ray |url=https://www.mlb.com/player/robbie-ray-592662 |publisher=[[Major League Baseball]] |access-date=29 September 2023}}</ref> *[[1992]] – [[Xander Bogaerts]], Aruban baseball player<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espn.com/mlb/player/stats/_/id/31606|title=Xander Bogaerts Stats|website=ESPN|access-date=3 October 2019}}</ref> *[[1993]] – [[Chris Green (cricketer)|Chris Green]], South African-Australian cricketer<ref name="Bio">{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/australia/content/player/787073.html |title=Chris Green |access-date=19 December 2014 |work=ESPN Cricinfo}}</ref> * 1993 – [[Lizaad Williams]], South African cricketer<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lizaad Williams profile and biography, stats, records, averages, photos and videos|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/player/lizaad-williams-379887|access-date=2021-07-28|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}</ref> *[[1994]] – [[Trézéguet (Egyptian footballer)|Trézéguet]], Egyptian footballer<ref>{{cite web |title=Trézéguet |url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/16087/Tr%C3%A9z%C3%A9guet/overview |publisher=Premier League |access-date=26 October 2023}}</ref> *[[1997]] – [[Jade Bird]], English singer, songwriter, and musician<ref name="AP" /> *[[1998]] – [[Daniel Gafford]], American basketball player<ref>{{cite web |title=Daniel Gafford |url=https://www.nba.com/player/1629655/daniel-gafford |publisher=[[National Basketball Association]] |access-date=29 September 2023}}</ref> * 1998 – [[Haumole Olakau'atu]], Australian-Tongan rugby league player<ref>[http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/haumole-olakau--atu/summary.html Rugby League Project]</ref> *[[2000]] – [[Kalle Rovanperä]], Finnish professional [[rally driver]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.redbull.com/us-en/athlete/kalle-rovanpera|title=Kalle Rovanperä|work=[[Red Bull GmbH]]|access-date=31 October 2023}}</ref> *[[2001]] – [[Luna Blaise]], American actress and singer<ref name="UPI" /> * 2001 – [[Mason Greenwood]], English footballer<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/25266/Mason-Greenwood/overview|title=Mason Greenwood|website=Premier League|access-date=11 December 2020}}</ref> *[[2002]] – [[Livvy Dunne]], American gymnast and social media personality<ref>{{cite web |title=Olivia Dunne - LSU Athletics |url=https://lsusports.net/sports/gm/roster/player/olivia-dunne/ |website=lsusports.net |date=5 June 2020 |access-date=September 29, 2024}}</ref> *[[2006]] – [[Priah Ferguson]], American actress<ref name="AP" /> <!--Do not add yourself or people without Wikipedia articles to this list. No red links, please. Do not trust "this year in history" websites for accurate date information. Do not link multiple occurrences of the same year, just link the first occurrence.--> ==Deaths== ===Pre-1600=== * [[630]] – [[Tajoom Uk'ab K'ahk']], Mayan king * [[686]] – [[Emperor Tenmu]] of Japan (b. 631) * [[804]] – [[Richbod]], archbishop of Trier * [[895]] – [[Kong Wei]], chancellor of the Tang dynasty * [[918]] – [[Empress Zhou (Former Shu)|Zhou]], empress of [[Former Shu]] * [[959]] – [[Eadwig]], English king (b. 941) * [[961]] – [[Artald of Reims|Artald]], archbishop of Reims *[[1040]] – [[Alan III, Duke of Brittany]] (b. 997) *[[1126]] – [[Morphia of Melitene]], Queen of Jerusalem *[[1310]] – [[Beatrice of Burgundy, Lady of Bourbon]] (b. 1257) *[[1404]] – [[Pope Boniface IX]] (b. 1356) *[[1416]] – [[Yaqub Spata]], Albanian ruler *[[1450]] – [[Leonello d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara]], Italian noble (b. 1407) *[[1499]] – [[Marsilio Ficino]], Italian astrologer and philosopher (b. 1433) *[[1500]] – [[John Alcock (bishop)|John Alcock]], English bishop and politician (b. 1430) *[[1532]] – [[Jan Mabuse]], Flemish painter *[[1567]] – [[Pietro Carnesecchi]], Italian humanist (b. 1508) *[[1570]] – [[Frans Floris]], Flemish painter (b. 1520) *[[1574]] – [[Maarten van Heemskerck]], Dutch painter (b. 1498) *[[1578]] – [[John of Austria]] (b. 1547) *[[1588]] – [[Edward James (martyr)|Edward James]], English priest and martyr (b. 1557) ===1601–1900=== *[[1602]] – [[Hernando de Cabezón]], Spanish organist and composer (b. 1541) *[[1609]] – [[Giammateo Asola]], Italian priest and composer (b. 1532) *[[1652]] – [[Jan Asselijn]], Dutch painter (b. 1610) *[[1683]] – [[John Hull (merchant)|John Hull]], colonial American merchant and politician (b. 1624)<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/43585298.pdf|jstor=43585298|title=John Hull, the Coiner of the Pine Tree Shillings|author1=R. R. R.|journal=American Journal of Numismatics, and Bulletin of the American Numismatic and Archaeological Society|year=1893|volume=27|issue=3|pages=49–54}}</ref> *[[1684]] – [[Pierre Corneille]], French playwright (b. 1606) *[[1690]] – [[Girolamo Corner]], Venetian statesman and military commander (b. 1632)<ref>{{DBI | last = Derosas | first = Renzo | title = Corner, Girolamo | volume = 29 | url = https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/girolamo-corner_res-479d0835-87eb-11dc-8e9d-0016357eee51_%28Dizionario-Biografico%29/}}</ref> *[[1693]] – [[Pedro Abarca]], Spanish theologian and academic (b. 1619) *[[1708]] – [[John Blow]], English organist and composer (b. 1649) *[[1768]] – [[Robert Simson]], Scottish mathematician and academic (b. 1687) *[[1788]] – [[William Brodie]], Scottish businessman and politician (b. 1741) *[[1819]] – [[James Bunbury White]], American politician (b. 1774)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wwaytv3.com/cape_fear_pride_whiteville_founder_james_b_white-03-2009|title=Cape Fear Pride Whiteville: Founder James B. White|date=March 5, 2009|website=[[WWAY]]3}}</ref> *[[1837]] – [[Robert Clark (U.S. politician)|Robert Clark]], American politician (b. 1777) *[[1838]] – [[Charles Tennant]], Scottish chemist and businessman (b. 1768) *[[1864]] – [[Rose O'Neal Greenhow]], American spy (b. 1817) *[[1878]] – [[Mindon Min]], Burmese king (b. 1808) *[[1885]] – [[John Light Atlee]], American physician and surgeon (b. 1799) *[[1895]] – [[Eli Whitney Blake, Jr.]], American chemist, physicist, and academic (b. 1836)<ref>{{cite news |title=Obituary Record. Eli Whitney Blake |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1895/10/02/106081139.pdf |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=October 2, 1895 |access-date=2021-01-10|language=en}}</ref> ===1901–present=== *[[1901]] – [[Abdur Rahman Khan]], Afghan emir (b. 1844) *[[1913]] – [[Eugene O'Keefe]], Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1827) *[[1929]] – [[Antoine Bourdelle]], French sculptor and painter (b. 1861) *[[1940]] – [[Chiungtze C. Tsen]], Chinese mathematician (b. 1898) *[[1942]] – [[Ants Piip]], Estonian lawyer and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Estonia (b. 1884) *[[1950]] – [[Faik Ali Ozansoy]], Turkish poet, educator, and politician (b. 1876) *[[1951]] – [[Peter McWilliam]], Scottish-English footballer and manager (b. 1878) *[[1953]] – [[John Marin]], American painter (b. 1870) *[[1955]] – [[Charles Christie]], American film producer who founded [[Christie Film Company]] (b. 1880) *[[1957]] – [[Abdülhalik Renda]], Turkish civil servant, politician, and sixth Turkish Minister of National Defence (b. 1881) *[[1958]] – [[Robert Falk]], Russian painter and educator (b. 1886) *[[1959]] – [[Enrico De Nicola]], Italian journalist, lawyer, politician, and first President of Italy (b. 1877) *[[1961]] – [[Ludwig Bemelmans]], Italian-American author and illustrator (b. 1898) *[[1968]] – [[Romano Guardini]], Italian-German Catholic priest, author, and academic (b. 1885)<ref name=Smith>[http://www.ncregister.com/daily-news/romano-guardini-beloved-theologian-of-two-popes-and-potential-saint Smith, Nicholas Wolfram. "Romano Guardini, Beloved Theologian of Two Popes – and Potential Saint", ''National Catholic Register'', December 15, 2017]</ref> *[[1970]] – [[Raúl Riganti]], Argentinian race car driver (b. 1893) *[[1972]] – [[Louis Leakey]], Kenyan-English archaeologist and paleontologist (b. 1903) *[[1974]] – [[Spyridon Marinatos]], Greek archaeologist and academic (b. 1901) *[[1975]] – [[Al Jackson, Jr.]], American drummer, songwriter, and producer (b. 1935) *[[1984]] – [[Walter Alston]], American baseball player and manager (b. 1911) *[[1985]] – [[Ninian Sanderson]], Scottish race car driver (b. 1925) * 1985 – [[E. B. White]], American essayist and journalist (b. 1899) *[[1986]] – [[Archie League]], American air traffic controller (b. 1907) *[[1988]] – [[Sacheverell Sitwell]], English author, poet, and critic (b. 1897)<ref>{{cite book|title=The New York Times Biographical Service|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_j4oAQAAIAAJ|year=1988|publisher=University Microfilms|page=1088}}</ref> *[[1990]] – [[Curtis LeMay]], American general (b. 1906) *[[1992]] – [[Petra Kelly]], German activist and politician (b. 1947)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/what-killed-petra-kelly-they-had-been-heroes-of-our-time-she-was-like-a-modern-joan-of-arc-his-1559264.html|title=What killed Petra Kelly?|last=Hilton|first=Isabel|date=23 October 1992|newspaper=The Independent|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151204044146/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/what-killed-petra-kelly-they-had-been-heroes-of-our-time-she-was-like-a-modern-joan-of-arc-his-1559264.html|archive-date=4 December 2015|url-status=live|access-date=2016-10-08}}</ref> *[[1994]] – [[Paul Lorenzen]], German mathematician and philosopher (b. 1915) *[[1997]] – [[Jerome H. Lemelson]], American engineer and philanthropist (b. 1923) *[[2002]] – [[Walter Annenberg]], American publisher and diplomat (b. 1908) *[[2004]] – [[Richard Avedon]], American photographer (b. 1923) * 2004 – [[Bruce Palmer]], Canadian bass player (b. 1946) * 2004 – [[Robert Vaidlo]], Estonian journalist and author (b. 1921) *[[2006]] – [[Fawaz al-Rabeiee]], Saudi Arabian terrorist (b. 1979) * 2006 – [[Jerald Tanner]], American author and activist (b. 1938) *[[2007]] – [[Ronnie Hazlehurst]], English conductor and composer (b. 1928) * 2007 – [[Chris Mainwaring]], Australian footballer and journalist (b. 1965) * 2007 – [[Al Oerter]], American discus thrower (b. 1936) *[[2008]] – [[John Biddle (yachting cinematographer)|John Biddle]], American cinematographer (b. 1925) *[[2009]] – [[Cintio Vitier]], Cuban poet and author (b. 1921) *[[2010]] – [[Ian Buxton]], English footballer and cricketer (b. 1938) *[[2011]] – [[Sven Tumba]], Swedish ice hockey player and golfer (b. 1931) *[[2012]] – [[Octavio Getino]], Spanish-Argentinian director and screenwriter (b. 1935) * 2012 – [[Eric Hobsbawm]], Egyptian-English historian and author (b. 1917) * 2012 – [[Mark R. Kravitz]], American lawyer and judge (b. 1950) * 2012 – [[Moshe Sanbar]], Hungarian-Israeli economist and banker (b. 1926) * 2012 – [[Shlomo Venezia]], Greek-Italian [[Holocaust]] survivor and author (b. 1923) *[[2013]] – [[Arnold Burns]], American lawyer, politician, and 21st United States Deputy Attorney General (b. 1930) * 2013 – [[Tom Clancy]], American author (b. 1947)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Duke |first1=Alan |title=Author Tom Clancy, master of the modern-day thriller, dead at 66 |url=https://www.cnn.com/2013/10/02/us/tom-clancy-obit/index.html |access-date=19 July 2020 |work=CNN |date=3 October 2013}}</ref> * 2013 – [[Imero Fiorentino]], American lighting designer (b. 1928) * 2013 – [[Israel Gutman]], Polish-Israeli historian and author (b. 1923) * 2013 – [[Ole Danbolt Mjøs]], Norwegian physician, academic, and politician (b. 1939) * 2013 – [[Jim Rountree]], American football player and coach (b. 1936) *[[2014]] – [[Lynsey de Paul]], English singer-songwriter, pianist, and actress (b. 1948)<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title= Singer-songwriter Lynsey de Paul dies after brain haemorrhage aged 64|url=https://www.thetimes.com/life-style/health-fitness/article/singer-songwriter-lynsey-de-paul-dies-after-brain-haemorrhage-aged-64-m5ztv2b0ql9 |newspaper=[[The Times]] |date=2 October 2014 |access-date= 2 October 2014}}</ref> * 2014 – [[Shlomo Lahat]], Israeli general and politician (b. 1927) * 2014 – [[José Martínez (infielder)|José Martínez]], Cuban-American baseball player and coach (b. 1942) * 2014 – [[Robert Serra]], Venezuelan criminologist and politician (b. 1987) *[[2015]] – [[Božo Bakota]], Croatian footballer (b. 1950) * 2015 – [[Don Edwards]], American soldier, lawyer, and politician (b. 1915) * 2015 – [[Hadi Norouzi]], Iranian footballer (b. 1985)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.persianleague.com/the-news/1-latest-news/9796-persepolis-captain-hadi-norouzi-passes-away.html|title=Persepolis captain Hadi Norouzi passes away|work=persianleague.com|date=October 2015 |access-date=1 October 2015}}</ref> * 2015 – [[Jacob Pressman]], American rabbi and academic, co-founder of American Jewish University (b. 1919)<ref>{{cite news |last=Berenbaum |first=Michael |date=October 1, 2015 |title=Rabbi Jacob Pressman, spiritual leader of Temple Beth Am, dies at 95|url=http://www.jewishjournal.com/obituaries/article/rabbi_jacob_pressman_spiritual_leader_of_temple_beth_am_dies_at_95 |newspaper=The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles |location=Los Angeles, California |access-date=October 2, 2015 }}</ref> *[[2017]] – [[Dave Strader]], American sportscaster<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nhl.com/stars/news/dallas-stars-stars-mourn-passing-of-dave-strader/c-291498308 |title=Dallas Stars mourn the passing of Dave Strader |website=Dallas Stars |date=October 2017 |access-date=8 September 2018}}</ref> (b. 1955) *[[2018]] – [[Charles Aznavour]], French-Armenian singer, composer, writer, filmmaker and public figure (b. 1924)<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/01/obituaries/charles-aznavour-dead.html |title=Charles Aznavour, 94, Enduring French Singer of Global Fame, Dies |work=The New York Times |date=1 October 2018 |access-date=3 October 2019}}</ref> *[[2019]] – [[Karel Gott]], Сzeсh singer<ref>{{cite web |url=https://denikn.cz/minuta/206887/ |title=Ve věku 80 let zemřel v úterý krátce před půlnocí zpěvák Karel Gott |date=2 October 2019 |website=Deník N}}</ref> (b. 1939) *[[2022]] – [[Antonio Inoki]], Japanese professional wrestler and politician (b. 1943)<ref>[https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/24b35ddcbefd2e240aca03cbf969209e43037f4d アントニオ猪木さん死去 79歳] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001024154/https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/24b35ddcbefd2e240aca03cbf969209e43037f4d |date=2022-10-01 }} {{in lang|ja}}</ref> *[[2023]] – [[Tim Wakefield]], American professional baseball player (b. 1966)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Almasy |first=Kevin Dotson,Steve |date=2023-10-01 |title=Former Boston Red Sox pitcher and 2-time World Series champion Tim Wakefield dies at age 57 |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/01/sport/mlb-tim-wakefield-dies-spt-intl/index.html |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> *[[2024]] – [[Michael Ancram]], English lawyer and politician (b. 1945)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-01 |title=Tory stalwart Michael Ancram dies aged 79 after short illness |url=https://www.heraldscotland.com/news/24623275.tory-stalwart-michael-ancram-dies-aged-79-short-illness/ |access-date=2024-10-13 |website=The Herald |language=en}}</ref> <!--Do not add people without Wikipedia articles to this list. Do not trust “this year in history” websites for accurate date information. Do not link multiple occurrences of the same year, just link the first occurrence.--> ==Holidays and observances== *[[Armed Forces Day (South Korea)]] *Beginning of the United States' [[Fiscal year|Fiscal Year]] *[[Children's Day]] ([[El Salvador]], [[Guatemala]], [[Sri Lanka]]) *Christian [[feast day]]: **[[Abai (martyr)|Abai]] ([[Syriac Orthodox Church]]) **[[Bavo of Ghent]] **[[Edward James (martyr)|Blessed Edward James]] **[[Nicetius]] ([[Roman Catholic Church]]) **[[Saint Remigius|Remigius]] **[[Thérèse of Lisieux]] **[[Intercession of the Theotokos|Protection/Patronage of the Theotokos]] ([[Eastern Catholic Churches]]) **[[October 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)]] *[[Day of Prosecutors]] ([[Azerbaijan]]) *[[Public holidays in Russia#List of other public holidays, commemorative and professional days|Ground Forces Day]] ([[Russia]]) *[[Independence Day (Cyprus)|Independence Day]], celebrates the independence of [[Cyprus]] from United Kingdom in 1960. *[[Independence Day (Nigeria)|Independence Day]], celebrates the independence of [[Nigeria]] from United Kingdom in 1960. *[[Independence Day (Palau)|Independence Day]], celebrates the independence of [[Palau]] from UN trust territory status in 1994. *[[Independence Day (Tuvalu)|Independence Day]], celebrates the independence of [[Tuvalu]] from United Kingdom in 1978. *[[International Coffee Day|International Day of Coffee]] *[[International Day of Older Persons]]<ref>{{cite web |title=International Days |url=https://www.un.org/en/sections/observances/international-days/ |website=www.un.org |access-date=2 January 2021 |language=en |date=6 January 2015}}</ref> *[[Lincolnshire Day]] ([[United Kingdom]])<ref>{{cite news |title=Happy Lincolnshire Day to everyone across North East Lincolnshire! |url=https://www.grimsbytelegraph.co.uk/whats-on/whats-on-news/today-lincolnshire-day-what-should-4565135 |website=GrimsbyLive |access-date=24 November 2020 |date=1 October 2020}}</ref> *[[National Day of the People's Republic of China]] ([[People's Republic of China]]) *[[Pancasila Sanctity Day]] ([[Indonesia]]) *[[Tampere Day]] ([[Finland]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tampere.fi/en/city-of-tampere/info/tampere-day.html|title=Tampere Day|date=Sep 20, 2016|website=www.tampere.fi}}</ref> *[[Teacher's Day (Uzbekistan)]] *[[Unification Day (Cameroon)]] *[[Defender of Ukraine Day]] ([[Ukraine]])<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-14 |title=Parliament changes dates of Christmas, Statehood Day, Day of Defenders |url=https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-society/3735767-parliament-changes-dates-of-three-holidays-christmas-statehood-day-day-of-defenders-of-ukraine.html |access-date=2023-07-14 |website=[[Ukrinform]] |language=en}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== {{commons}} * {{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/october/1 |title=On This Day |publisher=BBC}} * {{NYT On this day|month=10|day=01}} * {{cite web |url=https://www.onthisday.com/events/october/1 |title=Historical Events on October 1 |publisher=OnThisDay.com}} {{months}} {{DEFAULTSORT:October 01}} [[Category:Days of October]]
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