Editing North Island

{{Short description|One of the two main New Zealand islands}}
{{about|the island in New Zealand}}
{{Use New Zealand English|date=April 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2017}}
{{Infobox islands
| name             =  North Island
| image_name       = NewZealand.A2002296.2220.250m North Island crop.jpg
| image_caption    =
| local_name       = {{native name|mi|Te Ika-a-Māui}}
| native_name_lang = mi
| image_size       = 
| map              = Oceania
| map_caption      = 
| nickname         = 
| location         = Oceania
| coordinates      = {{Coord|39|S|176|E|scale:5000000|display=inline,title}}
| archipelago      = New Zealand
| total_islands    = 
| major_islands    = North Island
| area_km2         = 113729
| rank             = 14th
| highest_mount    = [[Mount Ruapehu]]
| elevation_m      = 2797
| country          = New Zealand
| country_admin_divisions_title   = [[ISO 3166-2:NZ]]
| country_admin_divisions_title_1 = [[Regions of New Zealand|Regions]]
| country_admin_divisions_1       = 9
| country_admin_divisions_title_2 = [[Territorial authorities of New Zealand|Territorial authorities]]
| country_admin_divisions_2       = 43
| country_capital_city            = 
| country_largest_city            = [[Auckland]]
| country_largest_city_population = {{NZ population data 2018|Auckland|y}}
| country_leader_title            = 
| country_leader_name             = 
| population       = {{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}
| population_as_of = {{NZ population data 2018|||y}}
| density_km2      = {{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}/113729|1}}
| ethnic_groups                   = [[New Zealand European|European]] (63.1%), [[Māori people|Māori]] (19.8%), [[Asian New Zealanders|Asian]] (19.3%), [[Pasifika New Zealanders|Pacific peoples]] (10.6%)
| demonym                         = North Islander
}}
The '''North Island''' ({{langx|mi|Te Ika-a-Māui}} {{IPA|mi|tɛ i.kɐ ɐ mɑː.ʉ.i|}}, {{abbr|lit.|literal translation}} 'the fish of Māui', historically [[New Ulster]]) is one of the two main [[islands of New Zealand|islands]] of [[New Zealand]], separated from the larger but less populous [[South Island]] by [[Cook Strait]]. With an area of {{cvt|113729|km2}},<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www2.stats.govt.nz/domino/external/web/nzstories.nsf/092edeb76ed5aa6bcc256afe0081d84e/54e50d25aff60a7bcc256b1e007adcb6?OpenDocument |title=Quick Facts – Land and Environment : Geography – Physical Features |publisher=Statistics New Zealand |year=2000 |access-date=13 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130408074526/http://www2.stats.govt.nz/domino/external/web/nzstories.nsf/092edeb76ed5aa6bcc256afe0081d84e/54e50d25aff60a7bcc256b1e007adcb6?OpenDocument |archive-date=8 April 2013 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> it is the [[List of islands by area|world's 14th-largest island]], constituting 43% of New Zealand's land area. It has a population of {{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y|y|y|(|),}} which is {{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|New Zealand|y}}|R}}*100|0}}% of New Zealand's residents,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-10-26 |title=77% of NZers live in North Island |url= https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/342419/77-percent-of-nzers-live-in-north-island |access-date=2021-11-19 |website=[[RNZ]] |language=en-nz}}</ref> making it the most populous island in [[Polynesia]] and the [[List of islands by population|28th-most-populous island]] in the world.

Twelve main urban areas (half of them officially cities) are in the North Island. From north to south, they are [[Whangārei]], [[Auckland]], [[Hamilton, New Zealand|Hamilton]], [[Tauranga]], [[Rotorua]], [[Gisborne, New Zealand|Gisborne]], [[New Plymouth]], [[Napier, New Zealand|Napier]], [[Hastings, New Zealand|Hastings]], [[Whanganui]], [[Palmerston North]], and New Zealand's capital city [[Wellington]], which is located at the south-west tip of the island.

==Naming and usage==
The island has been known in English as the North Island for many years. The official [[Māori language|Māori]] name for it, {{Lang|mi|Te Ika-a-Māui}} ("the fish of [[Māui]]"), also has official recognition but it remains seldom used by most residents.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.linz.govt.nz/consultations/te-ika-maui|title=Place name consultation - Te Ika-a-Māui|date=4 April 2013|publisher=[[Toitū Te Whenua]]|access-date=13 July 2024|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713144246/https://www.linz.govt.nz/consultations/te-ika-maui|archive-date=13 July 2024}}</ref> Other Māori names include ''Te Ahi no Māui'' ("the fire of Māui", as first recorded by Captain [[James Cook]] in 1770) and ''[[Aotearoa]]'' ("land of the long white cloud"), which is more frequently applied to New Zealand as a whole.<ref name=nzgb2013>{{cite news|url=https://www.linz.govt.nz/sites/default/files/consult/nzgb_ministers-report_alternative-names-two-main-islands_20130820.pdf|title=New Zealand Geographic Board Ngā Pou Taunaha o Aotearoa proposals to assign alternative official geographic names for New Zealand's two main islands: summary of submissions and the Board's decision|publisher=New Zealand Geographic Board|date=20 August 2013|access-date=11 February 2025|page=3}}</ref> On some 19th-century maps, the North Island was named [[New Ulster]] (named after [[Ulster]] province in northern Ireland), which was also a [[Provinces of New Zealand|province of New Zealand]] that included the North Island.<ref name=LINZ2009/>

In 2009 the [[New Zealand Geographic Board]] found that, along with the South Island, the North Island had no official name.<ref name=LINZ2009>{{cite web |url=http://www.linz.govt.nz/placenames/about-geographic-board/nzgb-news-notices/2009/0421-alternative-maori-names |title=The New Zealand Geographic Board Considers North and South Island Names |date=21 April 2009 |publisher=Land Information New Zealand |access-date=28 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130214154742/http://www.linz.govt.nz/placenames/about-geographic-board/nzgb-news-notices/2009/0421-alternative-maori-names |archive-date=14 February 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> After a public consultation, the board officially named it ''North Island or Te Ika-a-Māui'' in October 2013.<ref>{{cite news |title=Two official options for NZ island names |url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=11138153 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |access-date=10 October 2013 |date=10 October 2013 |archive-date=29 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190629171040/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=11138153 |url-status=live }}</ref> The official Māori name was chosen on the basis that it was "most common and consistent usage in oral tradition by Māori living on the island".<ref name=nzgb2013/>

In prose, the two main islands of New Zealand are called ''the North Island'' and ''the South Island'', with the definite article.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Williamson |first1=Maurice |title=Names of NZ's two main islands formalised |url=https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/names-nz%E2%80%99s-two-main-islands-formalised |website=Beehive.govt.nz |publisher=New Zealand Government |access-date=10 April 2020 |date=11 October 2013 |archive-date=6 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200206084433/https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/names-nz%E2%80%99s-two-main-islands-formalised |url-status=live }}</ref> It is also normal to use the [[preposition]] ''in'' rather than ''on'', for example "Hamilton is in the North Island", "my mother lives in the North Island".<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/styleguide/n ''Guardian'' and ''Observer'' style guide: N ("New Zealand")]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140121124004/http://www.theguardian.com/styleguide/n |date=21 January 2014 }}. ''The Guardian''. Retrieved 15 April 2019.</ref> Maps, headings, tables, and adjectival expressions use ''North Island'' without "the".

==Māori mythology==

According to [[Māori mythology]], the North and South Islands of New Zealand arose through the actions of the [[demigod]] [[Māui (Māori mythology)|Māui]]. Māui and his brothers were fishing from their canoe (the South Island) when he caught a great fish and pulled it right up from the sea. While he was not looking, his brothers fought over the fish and chopped it up. This great fish became the North Island, and thus a Māori name for the North Island is Te Ika-a-Māui ("The Fish of Māui").<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://nzhistory.govt.nz/culture/maori-language-week/1000-maori-place-names |title=1000 Māori place names |publisher=New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage |date=6 August 2019 |access-date=27 December 2019 |archive-date=6 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200106171905/https://nzhistory.govt.nz/culture/maori-language-week/1000-maori-place-names |url-status=live }}</ref> The mountains and valleys are believed to have been formed as a result of Māui's brothers' hacking at the fish.

During [[James Cook|Captain James Cook]]'s [[First voyage of James Cook|voyage between 1769 and 1770]], Tahitian navigator [[Tupaia (navigator)|Tupaia]] accompanied the circumnavigation of New Zealand. The maps described the North Island as "Ea Heinom Auwe" and "Aeheinomowe", which recognises the "Fish of Māui" element. Names of certain tribes like [[Muaūpoko]] (''mua upoko'' "front of the head") and [[Muriwhenua]] (''muri whenua'', "backland") also reflect the locations of their settlement in this "fish" as well as levels of seniority between tribes.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Anderson |first1=Atholl |last2=Binney |first2=Judith |last3=Harris |first3=Aroha |title=Tangata Whenua: A History |date=2015 |publisher=Bridget Williams Books |isbn=978-0-908321-54-4 |pages=97–8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NS7xCgAAQBAJ&dq=tuki+map+cook&pg=PA97 }}</ref>{{verification needed|date=April 2025|reason=The names given on the maps may have been added as OR and may not be described in the source}}

Another Māori name that was given to the North Island, but is now used less commonly, is [[Aotearoa]]. Use of Aotearoa to describe the North Island fell out of favour in the early 20th century, and it is now a collective Māori name for New Zealand as a whole.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-02 |title=Ngāi Tahu leader: Let's not rush name change |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/te-manu-korihi/452781/ngai-tahu-leader-let-s-not-rush-name-change |access-date=2022-09-26 |website=[[RNZ]] |language=en-nz |archive-date=12 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112184828/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/te-manu-korihi/452781/ngai-tahu-leader-let-s-not-rush-name-change |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=McLintock |first1=Alexander Hare |last2=James Oakley Wilson |first2=D. S. C. |last3=Taonga |first3=New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu |title=AOTEAROA |url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/1966/aotearoa |access-date=2021-11-19 |website=An encyclopaedia of New Zealand, edited by A. H. McLintock, 1966. |language=en |archive-date=3 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200503192156/https://teara.govt.nz/en/1966/aotearoa |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Geography ==
[[File:Egmont National Park, December 2015, New Zealand (42).JPG|thumb|[[Egmont National Park]]]]
[[File:Carte postale -10 (17074160108).jpg|thumb|[[Tongariro National Park]]]]
[[File:Mount_Ruapehu_Autumn.jpg|thumb|[[Mount Ruapehu]], the highest point on the North Island]]
[[File:Mt_Taranaki,_New_Plymouth,_New_Zealand.jpg|thumb|View of [[Mount Taranaki]] from [[New Plymouth]]]]
{{main|Geography of the North Island}}

During the [[Last Glacial Period]] when sea levels were over 100 metres lower than present day levels, the North and South islands were connected by a vast coastal plain which formed at the [[South Taranaki Bight]].<ref name="Niwa">{{Cite web |title=Estuary origins |work=NIWA |date=6 June 2017 |url=https://niwa.co.nz/te-kuwaha/tools-and-resources/ng%C4%81-waihotanga-iho-the-estuary-monitoring-toolkit-for-iwi/estuary-origins |publisher=[[National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research]] |access-date=3 November 2021 |archive-date=2 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102223327/https://niwa.co.nz/te-kuwaha/tools-and-resources/ng%C4%81-waihotanga-iho-the-estuary-monitoring-toolkit-for-iwi/estuary-origins |url-status=live }}</ref> During this period, most of the North Island was covered in [[Thorn forest|thorn scrubland and forest]], while the modern-day [[Northland Peninsula]] was a [[Laurel forest|subtropical rainforest]].<ref name="Ray">{{cite journal |last1=Ray |first1=N. |last2=Adams |first2=J.M. |title=A GIS-based Vegetation Map of the World at the Last Glacial Maximum (25,000–15,000 BP) |journal=Internet Archaeology |volume=11 |year=2001 |issue=11 |url=https://intarch.ac.uk/journal/issue11/2/toc.html |doi=10.11141/ia.11.2 |access-date=12 February 2022 |archive-date=21 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121014907/https://intarch.ac.uk/journal/issue11/2/toc.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Sea levels began to rise 7,000 years ago, eventually separating the islands and linking the [[Cook Strait]] to the [[Tasman Sea]].<ref name="Niwa"/>

===Bays and coastal features===
*[[Bay of Islands]]
*[[Bay of Plenty]]
*[[Hauraki Gulf]]
*[[Firth of Thames]]
*[[Hawke Bay]]
*[[Ninety Mile Beach, New Zealand|Ninety Mile Beach]]
*[[North Taranaki Bight]]
*[[South Taranaki Bight]]

===Lakes and rivers===
*[[Lake Taupō]]
*[[Waikato River]]
*[[Whanganui River]]

===Capes and peninsulas===
*[[Coromandel Peninsula]]
*[[Northland Peninsula]]
*[[Cape Palliser]]
*[[Cape Reinga]]
*[[East Cape]]
*[[North Cape (New Zealand)|North Cape]]

===Forests and national parks===
*[[Egmont National Park]]
*[[Tongariro National Park]]
*[[Waipoua Forest|Waipoua Kauri Forest]]
*[[Whanganui National Park]]
*and many [[forest parks of New Zealand]]

===Volcanology===
*[[Auckland Volcanic Field]]
*[[Mount Ruapehu]]
*[[Mount Taranaki]] (''Taranaki Maunga'')
*[[Mount Tarawera]]
*[[Whakaari / White Island]]
*[[North Island Volcanic Plateau]]

===Other===
*[[Waitomo Caves]]
*[[Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu]]

== Demographics ==
The North Island has an estimated population of {{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}} as of {{NZ population data 2018|||y}}.{{NZ population data 2018||||y}}

The North Island had a population of 3,808,005 at the [[2023 New Zealand census]], an increase of 213,453 people (5.9%) since the [[2018 New Zealand census|2018 census]], and an increase of 570,957 people (17.6%) since the [[2013 New Zealand census|2013 census]]. Of the total population, 733,893 people (19.3%) were aged under 15 years, 743,154 (19.5%) were 15 to 29, 1,721,427 (45.2%) were 30 to 64, and 609,534 (16.0%) were 65 or older.<ref name=":03">{{Cite web |title=2023 Census population counts (by ethnic group, age, and Māori descent) and dwelling counts {{!}} Stats NZ |url=https://www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/2023-census-population-counts-by-ethnic-group-age-and-maori-descent-and-dwelling-counts/ |access-date=2024-06-04 |website=www.stats.govt.nz |archive-date=5 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605165521/https://www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/2023-census-population-counts-by-ethnic-group-age-and-maori-descent-and-dwelling-counts/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Ever since the conclusion of the [[Otago gold rush]] in the 1860s, New Zealand's European population growth has experienced a steady [[Drift to the north|'Northern drift']] as population centres in the North Island have grown faster than those of New Zealand's South Island. This population trend has continued into the twenty-first century, but at a much slower rate. While the North Island's population continues to grow faster than the South Island, this is solely due to the North Island having higher natural increase (i.e. births minus deaths) and international migration; since the late 1980s, the internal migration flow has been from the North Island to the South Island.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-01-26 |title=New Zealand's population is drifting north |url=http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/population/mythbusters/the-drift-north.aspx |access-date=2021-02-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150126205920/http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/population/mythbusters/the-drift-north.aspx |archive-date=26 January 2015}}</ref> In the year to June 2020, the North Island gained 21,950 people from natural increase and 62,710 people from international migration, while losing 3,570 people from internal migration.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Subnational population component changes and median age (RC, TA), at 30 June 2018–20 (2020 boundaries) |url=http://nzdotstat.stats.govt.nz/wbos/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=TABLECODE7510 |access-date=2021-02-18 |website=nzdotstat.stats.govt.nz |archive-date=22 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210222073909/http://nzdotstat.stats.govt.nz/wbos/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=TABLECODE7510 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Culture and identity ===
At the 2023 census, 63.1% of North Islanders identified as [[European New Zealanders|European]] ([[Pākehā]]), 19.8% as [[Māori people|Māori]], 10.6% as [[Pasifika New Zealanders|Pacific peoples]], 19.3% as [[Asian New Zealanders|Asian]], 1.9% as Middle Eastern/Latin American/African, and 1.1% as other ethnicities. Percentages add to more than 100% as people can identify with more than one ethnicity.<ref name=":03" />

Māori form the majority in three districts of the North Island: [[Kawerau]] (63.2%), [[Ōpōtiki District|Ōpōtiki]] (66.2%) and [[Wairoa District|Wairoa]] (68.5%). Europeans formed the plurality in the Auckland region (49.8%) and are the majority in the remaining 39 districts.<ref name=":03" />

The proportion of North Islanders born overseas at the 2018 census were 29.3%. The most common foreign countries of birth were England (15.4% of overseas-born residents), Mainland China (11.3%), India (10.1%), South Africa (5.9%), Australia (5.5%) and Samoa (5.3%).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Birthplace (detailed), for the census usually resident population count, 2006, 2013, and 2018 Censuses (RC, TA, SA2, DHB) |url=http://nzdotstat.stats.govt.nz/wbos/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=TABLECODE8279 |access-date=2021-02-18 |website=nzdotstat.stats.govt.nz |archive-date=2 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602205127/http://nzdotstat.stats.govt.nz/wbos/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=TABLECODE8279 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Cities and towns===
[[File:Auckland_skyline_-_May_2024_(2).jpg|thumb|View of [[Auckland CBD]], the largest city by urban area and population in the country]]
[[File:Flickr_-_brewbooks_-_i110405_288.jpg|thumb|[[Wellington CBD]], the capital and third most populous city in New Zealand]]
[[File:HamiltonCBDfromRototuna.JPG|thumb|[[Hamilton, New Zealand| Hamilton]]]]
[[File:Tauranga_New_Zealand-1698.jpg|thumb|View of [[Mount Maunganui]] a suburb of [[Tauranga]], the fifth most populous city in New Zealand]]

[[File:NZNorthIsland.png|thumb|Map of the North Island showing some of its cities]]
The North Island has a larger population than the South Island, with the country's largest city, Auckland, and the capital, Wellington, accounting for nearly half of it.

There are 30 urban areas in the North Island with a population of 10,000 or more:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"
|-
! Name
! Population<br /><small>({{NZ population data 2018|||y|y||)}}</small>
!  % of island
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Auckland]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Auckland|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Auckland|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Wellington]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Wellington|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Wellington|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Hamilton, New Zealand|Hamilton]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Hamilton|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Hamilton|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Tauranga]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Tauranga|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Tauranga|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Lower Hutt]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Lower Hutt|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Lower Hutt|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Palmerston North]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Palmerston North|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Palmerston North|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Napier, New Zealand|Napier]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Napier|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Napier|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Porirua]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Porirua|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Porirua|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Hibiscus Coast]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Hibiscus Coast|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Hibiscus Coast|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[New Plymouth]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|New Plymouth|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|New Plymouth|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Rotorua]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Rotorua|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Rotorua|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Whangārei]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Whangarei|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Whangarei|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Hastings, New Zealand|Hastings]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Hastings|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Hastings|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Upper Hutt]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Upper Hutt|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Upper Hutt|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Whanganui]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Whanganui|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Whanganui|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Gisborne, New Zealand|Gisborne]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Gisborne|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Gisborne|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Paraparaumu]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Paraparaumu|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Paraparaumu|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Pukekohe]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Pukekohe|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Pukekohe|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Taupō]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Taupo|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Taupo|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Masterton]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Masterton|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Masterton|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Cambridge, New Zealand|Cambridge]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Cambridge|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Cambridge|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Levin, New Zealand|Levin]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Levin|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Levin|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Feilding]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Feilding|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Feilding|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Whakatāne]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Whakatane|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Whakatane|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Havelock North]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Havelock North|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Havelock North|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Tokoroa]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Tokoroa|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Tokoroa|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Waikanae]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Waikanae|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Waikanae|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Te Awamutu]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Te Awamutu|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Te Awamutu|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Hāwera]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Hawera|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Hawera|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Te Puke]]
|{{NZ population data 2018|Te Puke|y}}
|{{Rnd|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Te Puke|y}}|R}}/{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}}|R}}*100|1}}%
|}

==Economy==
The sub-national GDP of the North Island was estimated at [[NZ$]] 282.355&nbsp;billion in 2021 (78% of New Zealand's national GDP).<ref>{{cite web |date=24 March 2023 |title=Regional gross domestic product: Year ended March 2022 |url=https://www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/regional-gross-domestic-product-year-ended-march-2022/ |access-date=4 April 2023 |publisher=[[Statistics New Zealand]] |archive-date=15 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240515075122/https://www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/regional-gross-domestic-product-year-ended-march-2022/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Governance ==
[[File:NZ Territorial Authorities North Island.png|thumb|Territorial authorities of the North Island]]

=== Regions ===

Nine local government [[Regions of New Zealand|regions]] cover the North Island and its adjacent islands and territorial waters.

*[[Northland Region|Northland]]
*[[Auckland Region|Auckland]]
*[[Waikato]]
*[[Bay of Plenty Region|Bay of Plenty]]
*[[Gisborne District|Gisborne]]
*[[Taranaki]]
*[[Manawatū-Whanganui]]
*[[Hawke's Bay Region]]
*[[Wellington Region]]

==Healthcare==
{{See also|Healthcare in New Zealand}}

Healthcare in the North Island is provided by fifteen [[District Health Board (New Zealand)|District Health Boards (DHBs)]]. Organised around geographical areas of varying population sizes, they are not coterminous with the [[Regions of New Zealand|Local Government Regions]].
{| class=wikitable
! District Health Board !! District !! Population
|-
| [[Northland District Health Board]] (Te Poari Hauora a Rohe o te Tai Tokerau)
| [[Whangarei District]], [[Far North District]], [[Kaipara District]]
| 159,160
|-
| [[Waitematā District Health Board]] (Te Wai Awhina)
| rowspan="3" | [[Auckland Region]]
| 525,000
|-
| [[Auckland District Health Board]] (Te Toka Tumai)
| 468,000
|-
| [[Counties Manukau District Health Board]] (A Community Partnership)
| 490,610
|-
| [[Waikato District Health Board]] (Waikato DHB)
| [[Hamilton, New Zealand|Hamilton City]], [[Hauraki District]], [[Matamata-Piako District]], [[Ōtorohanga District]], part of [[Ruapehu District]], [[South Waikato District|South Waikato]], [[Thames-Coromandel District]], [[Waikato District]], [[Waipa District]], [[Waitomo District]]
| 372,865
|-
| [[Bay of Plenty District Health Board]] (Hauora a Toi)
| [[Tauranga|Tauranga City]], [[Western Bay of Plenty District]], [[Whakatāne District]], [[Kawerau|Kawerau District]], [[Ōpōtiki District]]
| 214,170
|-
| [[Lakes District Health Board]] (Lakes DHB)
| [[Rotorua Lakes]], [[Taupō District]]
| 102,000
|-
| [[Tairāwhiti District Health Board]] (Te Mana Hauora o te Tairawhiti)
| [[Gisborne District]]
| 44,499
|-
| [[Hawke's Bay District Health Board]] (Whakawateatia)
| [[Napier City]], [[Hastings District, New Zealand|Hastings District]], [[Wairoa District]], [[Central Hawke's Bay District]], [[Chatham Islands]]
| 155,000
|-
| [[Taranaki District Health Board]] (Taranaki DHB)
| [[New Plymouth District]], [[Stratford District, New Zealand|Stratford District]], [[South Taranaki District]]
| 104,280
|-
| [[Whanganui District Health Board]] (Whanganui DHB)
| [[Whanganui District]], [[Rangitikei District]], part of [[Ruapehu District]]
| 62,210
|-
| [[Mid Central District Health Board]] (Te Pae Hauora o Ruahine o Tararua)
| [[Palmerston North City]], [[Horowhenua District]], [[Manawatū District]], [[Tararua District]], part of [[Kāpiti Coast District]]
| 158,838
|-
| [[Wairarapa District Health Board]] (Te Poari Hauora a Rohe o Wairarapa)
| [[South Wairarapa District]], [[Carterton District]], [[Masterton District]]
| 38,200
|-
| [[Hutt Valley District Health Board]] (Healthy People)
| [[Lower Hutt]], [[Upper Hutt]]
| 145,000
|-
| [[Capital and Coast District Health Board]] (Upoko ki te Uru Hauora)
| [[Wellington City]], [[Porirua City]], part of [[Kāpiti Coast District]]
| 270,000
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of islands of New Zealand]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{Commons category-inline|North Island, New Zealand}}
*{{Wikivoyage inline}}

{{Regions of New Zealand}}
{{World's largest islands}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:North Island| ]]
[[Category:Islands of New Zealand]]