Editing Niobrara, Nebraska

{{short description|Village in Knox County, Nebraska, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Niobrara
|native_name              = {{native name|oma|Ní Ubthátha}}
|settlement_type          = [[Village (United States)|Village]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = Niobrara, Nebraska Walnut Street 1.JPG
|imagesize                = 
|image_caption            = [[Nebraska Highway 12]] in Niobrara
|image_flag               = 
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map = Knox_County_Nebraska_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Niobrara_Highlighted.svg
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location of Niobrara, Nebraska
|image_map1               = 
|mapsize1                 = 
|map_caption1             =

<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Nebraska]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Nebraska|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Knox County, Nebraska|Knox]]
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = 
|leader_name              = 
|leader_title1            = 
|leader_name1             = 
|established_title        = 
|established_date         =

<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref                = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 18, 2022}}</ref>
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_km2           = 1.89
|area_land_km2            = 1.89
|area_water_km2           = 0.00
|area_total_sq_mi         = 0.73
|area_land_sq_mi          = 0.73
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_est           = 363
|pop_est_as_of            = 2021
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="USCensusEst2020-2021">{{cite web |title=City and Town Population Totals: 2020—2021 |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-total-cities-and-towns.html |website=Census.gov |publisher=US Census Bureau |access-date=October 30, 2022}}</ref>
|population_total         = 365
|population_density_km2   = 193.49
|population_density_sq_mi = 501.37

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
|utc_offset               = −6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = −5
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
|elevation_ft             = 1299
|coordinates              = {{coord|42|45|09|N|98|01|50|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP Code]]
|postal_code              = 68760
|area_code                = [[Area code 402|402]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 31-34370<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 2399499<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2399499}}</ref>
|website                  = {{URL|http://www.niobrarane.com/}}
|footnotes                = 
|pop_est_footnotes = 
}}

'''Niobrara''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|n|aɪ|.|ə|ˈ|b|r|ær|ə}}; [[Omaha-Ponca language|Omaha]]: ''Ní Ubthátha'' <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.niobrarane.com/|title=Village of Niobrara, Nebraska|website=Village of Niobrara, Nebraska|language=en|access-date=March 6, 2018}}</ref>''Tʰáⁿwaⁿgthaⁿ'' {{IPA|sio|nĩꜜ ubɫᶞaꜜɫᶞa tʰãꜜwãŋɡɫᶞã|}}, meaning "water spread-out village")<ref name="jd1890">Dorsey, James Owen (1890)''The Cegiha Language: Contributions to North American Ethnology'' 4. Washington: US Department of the Interior: Government Printing Office, p. 214, line 10.</ref> is a village in [[Knox County, Nebraska|Knox County]], [[Nebraska]], United States. The population was 363 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name="USCensusEst2020-2021"/>

==History==
Niobrara was founded in 1856, when a group of men headed by a Dr. Benneville Yeakel Shelly marked their claim to an area on the banks of the [[Missouri River]]. There, a fort was built to protect the early settlers from Indian attacks.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=InM_AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA124|title=History of Hamilton and Clay Counties, Nebraska, Volume 1|author=Burr, George L.|publisher=S.J. Clarke Publishing Company|year=1921|pages=124}}</ref> The settlement took its name from the [[Niobrara River]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.epodunk.com/cgi-bin/genInfo.php?locIndex=27501|title=Profile for Niobrara, NE|publisher=[[ePodunk]]|access-date=August 18, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.epodunk.com/cgi-bin/genInfo.php?locIndex=27501|archive-date=August 19, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OspBAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA107|title=A History of the Origin of the Place Names Connected with the Chicago & North Western and Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railways|author=Chicago and North Western Railway Company|year=1908|page=107}}</ref>

The village has been moved twice.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kelley |first=Tyler J |title=Holding Back the River: The Struggle Against Nature on America's Waterways |publisher=Avid Reader Press |year=2021 |isbn=978-1-5011-8704-9}}</ref>  It was first moved after a winter flood destroyed parts of the original settlement in 1881. It was moved again after a ruling in 1976 by the US Court of Claims, in the case of ''Barnes v. United States''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barnes v. United States – CourtListener.com |url=https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/8616601/barnes-v-united-states/?q=&court_ky=on&order_by=score+desc |access-date=2025-05-01 |website=CourtListener |language=en-us}}</ref>  The court ruled that US Corps of Engineers was responsible for ground water related damage driven by sediment build up caused by the [[Gavins Point Dam]].

==Geography==
[[Nebraska Highway 12|Nebraska highways 12]] and [[Nebraska Highway 14|14]] run through the village, Highway 14 connects Nebraska with [[South Dakota]] via the [[Chief Standing Bear Memorial Bridge]], just east of the village across the [[Missouri River]].

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the village has a total area of {{convert|0.73|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=June 24, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125061959/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt|archive-date=January 25, 2012}}</ref> The [[Niobrara River]], which is right next to the town, actually courses through the [[Mormon Canal]] rather than its original riverbed.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population|align=left
|1880= 475
|1890= 633
|1900= 459
|1910= 633
|1920= 736
|1930= 761
|1940= 629
|1950= 577
|1960= 736
|1970= 602
|1980= 419
|1990= 376
|2000= 379
|2010= 370
|2020= 365
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}

===2010 census===
At the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]] there were 370 people, 193 households, and 93 families in the village. The population density was {{convert|506.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 251 housing units at an average density of {{convert|343.8|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census#2010 census|racial makeup]] of the village was 84.3% White, 0.3% African American, 11.6% Native American, and 3.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.4%.<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=June 24, 2012}}</ref>

Of the 193 households 15.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.3% were married couples living together, 7.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 51.8% were non-families. 45.6% of households were one person and 23.3% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 1.92 and the average family size was 2.70.

The median age in the village was 54.8 years. 16.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 17.1% were from 25 to 44; 32.4% were from 45 to 64; and 29.2% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the village was 51.4% male and 48.6% female.

===2000 census===
At the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]] there were 379 people, 184 households, and 107 families in the village. The population density was {{convert|525.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 230 housing units at an average density of {{convert|318.7|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census#2000 census|racial makeup]] of the village was 86.54% White, 10.29% Native American, 0.53% Pacific Islander, 0.53% from other races, and 2.11% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.37%.<ref name="GR2" />

Of the 184 households 22.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.7% were married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.8% were non-families. 39.7% of households were one person and 22.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.06 and the average family size was 2.72.

The age distribution was 22.7% under the age of 18, 3.4% from 18 to 24, 17.9% from 25 to 44, 32.2% from 45 to 64, and 23.7% 65 or older. The median age was 49 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.0 males.

The median household income was $26,000, and the median family income  was $36,250. Males had a median income of $26,042 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the village was $15,299. About 9.3% of families and 13.8% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 28.4% of those under age 18 and 7.4% of those age 65 or over.

==Climate==
This [[climate|climatic]] region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters.  According to the [[Köppen Climate Classification]] system, Niobrara has a [[humid continental climate]], abbreviated "Dfa" on climate maps.<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=69552&cityname=Niobrara-Nebraska Climate Summary for Niobrara, Nebraska]</ref>
{{Weather box
|location = Niobrara, Nebraska
|single line = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|Jan high F = 32
|Feb high F = 37
|Mar high F = 47
|Apr high F = 63
|May high F = 74
|Jun high F = 83
|Jul high F = 89
|Aug high F = 87
|Sep high F = 79
|Oct high F = 67
|Nov high F = 48
|Dec high F = 36
|year high F = 62
|Jan low F = 9
|Feb low F = 15
|Mar low F = 24
|Apr low F = 37
|May low F = 48
|Jun low F = 58
|Jul low F = 63
|Aug low F = 61
|Sep low F = 51
|Oct low F = 39
|Nov low F = 25
|Dec low F = 15
|year low F = 37
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.5
|Feb precipitation inch = 0.6
|Mar precipitation inch = 1.4
|Apr precipitation inch = 2.4
|May precipitation inch = 3.4
|Jun precipitation inch = 3.8
|Jul precipitation inch = 2.9
|Aug precipitation inch = 2.6
|Sep precipitation inch = 2.3
|Oct precipitation inch = 1.5
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.9
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.4
|year precipitation inch = 22.7
|source 1 = Weatherbase <ref name=Weatherbase>
{{cite web
|url =http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=69552&cityname=Niobrara-Nebraska
|publisher=Weatherbase
|title=Weatherbase.com
|year=2013
}}
Retrieved on October 10, 2013.
</ref>
|date=October 2013
}}

==Notable people==
* [[Anton Krupicka]], ultrarunner
* [[James Tufts]], acting governor of [[Montana Territory]]

==See also==
{{portal|Nebraska}}
* [[List of municipalities in Nebraska]]
* [[Lewis and Clark Lake]]
* [[Niobrara State Park]]
* [[Niobrara Reservation]]
* {{section link|Melbourne-Evans collision|Aftermath}} – memorial to the three Sage brothers

==References==
{{reflist|22em}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Niobrara, Nebraska}}
* {{official website|http://www.niobrarane.com/}}

{{Knox County, Nebraska}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Villages in Knox County, Nebraska]]
[[Category:Villages in Nebraska]]
[[Category:Seats of government of American Indian reservations]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1856]]
[[Category:Nebraska populated places on the Missouri River]]
[[Category:1856 establishments in Nebraska Territory]]