Editing Newton County, Mississippi

{{short description|County in Mississippi, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox U.S. county
 | county               = Newton County
 | state                = Mississippi
 | ex image             = A&V Railroad Depot.JPG
 | ex image cap         = [[Alabama and Vicksburg Railroad Depot]]
 | founded              = 1836
 | seat wl              = Decatur
 | largest city wl      = Newton
 | city type            = city
 | area_total_sq_mi     = 580
 | area_land_sq_mi      = 578
 | area_water_sq_mi     = 1.5
 | area percentage      = 0.3
 | population_as_of     = 2020
 | population_total     = 21291
 | pop_est_as_of        = 
 | population_est       = 
 | population_density_sq_mi  = auto
 | district             = 3rd
 | time zone            = Central
 | web                  = http://www.newtoncountyms.net/
}}

[[File:Newton County, Mississippi Courthouse.jpg|thumb|Newton County, Mississippi Court House]]

'''Newton County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] located in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Mississippi]]. As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population was 21,291.<ref>{{cite web|title=Census - Geography Profile: Newton County, Mississippi|url=https://data.census.gov/profile/Newton_County,_Mississippi?g=0500000US28101|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 14, 2023}}</ref> Its [[county seat]] is [[Decatur, Mississippi|Decatur]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|access-date=June 7, 2011|title=Find a County|publisher=[[National Association of Counties]]}}</ref>

==History==
The land that would become Newton County was purchased from the [[Choctaw]] under the terms of the [[Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek]]. Newton County was split off from the southern part of Neshoba County and organized on February 26, 1836.<ref>{{Cite web |last=r2WPadmin |title=Newton County |url=https://mississippiencyclopedia.org/entries/newton-county/ |access-date=December 15, 2023 |website=Mississippi Encyclopedia |language=en-US}}</ref> The county is named for scientist [[Isaac Newton]].<ref name="Rowland">{{cite book | last = Rowland | first = Dunbar | title = Mississippi: Comprising Sketches of Counties, Towns, Events, Institutions, and Persons, Arranged in Cyclopedic Form | publisher = Southern Historical Publishing Association | year = 1907 | url = https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/548960-redirection | volume = 2 | page = 339}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Newton County Mississippi |url=https://www.newtoncountyms.net/ |access-date=December 15, 2023 |website=Newton County |language=en-US}}</ref>

The [[Battle of Newton's Station]] was fought in the county on April 24, 1863, during [[Grierson's Raid]] of the [[American Civil War]]. Union troops pulled up railroad tracks and burned the depot at [[Newton station (Mississippi)|Newton's Station]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Grierson's Raid Historical Marker |url=https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=77265 |access-date=December 15, 2023 |website=www.hmdb.org |language=en}}</ref>

In February 1864, [[General William Tecumseh Sherman]] crossed the county, burning the county seat at [[Decatur, Mississippi|Decatur]] and was nearly captured during the [[Meridian Campaign]]. Sherman stopped during the return trip from Meridian and slept at Boler's Inn in the town of [[Union, Mississippi|Union]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Boler's Inn Historical Marker |url=https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=140951 |access-date=December 15, 2023 |website=www.hmdb.org |language=en}}</ref>

On October 8, 1908, a Black [[sharecropper]] named Shep Jones had a dispute with his white employer regarding his work schedule. The altercation escalated, resulting in the employer's death. In response, a white mob terrorized the local Black community, destroying property, burning a church and meeting lodge near Gardlandville, and threatening families. Unable to locate Jones, the mob targeted and lynched his father-in-law, William Fielder, on October 9. The following day, the mob lynched two other Black men, Dee Dawkins and Frank Johnson, who were associated with Jones. The violence prompted many Black residents to flee Newton County. No one was held accountable for the lynchings or the destruction of property.<ref>{{Cite web|date=August 19, 2021|title=Descendants of Lynching Victims Dedicate Historical Marker in Hickory, Mississippi|url=https://eji.org/news/descendants-of-lynching-victims-dedicate-historical-marker-in-hickory-mississippi/|access-date=October 12, 2021|website=Equal Justice Initiative|language=en-US}}</ref>

==Geography==
According to the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], the county has a total area of {{convert|580|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|578|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|1.5|sqmi}} (0.3%) is water.<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_28.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=November 6, 2014|date=August 22, 2012|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928074019/http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_28.txt|archive-date=September 28, 2013}}</ref>

===Major highways===
* [[Image:I-20.svg|20px]] [[Interstate 20]]
* [[Image:US 80.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Highway 80]]
* [[Image:Circle sign 15.svg|20px]] [[Mississippi Highway 15]]

===Adjacent counties===
* [[Neshoba County, Mississippi|Neshoba County]] (north)
* [[Lauderdale County, Mississippi|Lauderdale County]] (east)
* [[Jasper County, Mississippi|Jasper County]] (south)
* [[Scott County, Mississippi|Scott County]] (west)

===National protected area===
* [[Bienville National Forest]] (part)

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1840= 2527
|1850= 4465
|1860= 9661
|1870= 10067
|1880= 13436
|1890= 16625
|1900= 19708
|1910= 23085
|1920= 20727
|1930= 22910
|1940= 24249
|1950= 22681
|1960= 19517
|1970= 18983
|1980= 19944
|1990= 20291
|2000= 21838
|2010= 21720
|2020= 21291
|estyear=2023
|estimate=21019
|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2023">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.html|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=April 5, 2024}}</ref>
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=November 6, 2014}}</ref><br />1790-1960<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|access-date=November 6, 2014}}</ref> 1900-1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ms190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=November 6, 2014}}</ref><br />1990-2000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100327165705/http://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-date=March 27, 2010 |url-status=live|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=November 6, 2014}}</ref> 2010-2013<ref name="QF">{{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/28/28101.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=September 4, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130309145346/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/28/28101.html|archive-date=March 9, 2013}}</ref>
}}

===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Newton County Racial Composition<ref>{{Cite web|title=Explore Census Data|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=0500000US28101&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|access-date=December 8, 2021|website=data.census.gov}}</ref>
!Race
!Num.
!Perc.
|-
|[[White (U.S. Census)|White]]
|12,796
|60.1%
|-
|[[African American (U.S. Census)|Black or African American]]
|6,447
|30.28%
|-
|[[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]]
|1,169
|5.49%
|-
|[[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]]
|77
|0.36%
|-
|[[Race (United States Census)|Other/Mixed]]
|473
|2.22%
|-
|[[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]]
|329
|1.55%
|}
As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 21,291 people, 8,037 households, and 5,697 families residing in the county.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 21,838 people, 8,221 households, and 6,001 families residing in the county. The [[population density]] was {{convert|38|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|people&nbsp;|people}}. There were 9,259 housing units at an average density of {{convert|16|/mi2|/km2}}. The racial makeup of the county was 65.01% [[Race (United States Census)|white]], 30.37% [[Race (United States Census)|black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 3.68% [[Race (United States Census)|Native American]], 0.18% [[Race (United States Census)|Asian]], 0.33% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.44% from two or more races. 0.91% of the population were [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race.

There were 8,221 households, out of which 33.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.00% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 16.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.00% were non-families. 24.60% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.20% under the age of 18, 11.20% from 18 to 24, 26.00% from 25 to 44, 21.70% from 45 to 64, and 14.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 92.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.70 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $28,735, and the median income for a family was $34,606. Males had a median income of $27,820 versus $20,757 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the county was $14,008. About 16.40% of families and 19.90% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 26.30% of those under age 18 and 21.70% of those age 65 or over.

==Communities==

===City===
* [[Newton, Mississippi|Newton]]

===Towns===
* [[Chunky, Mississippi|Chunky]]
* [[Decatur, Mississippi|Decatur]] (county seat)
* [[Hickory, Mississippi|Hickory]]
* [[Lake, Mississippi|Lake]] (mostly in [[Scott County, Mississippi|Scott County]])
* [[Union, Mississippi|Union]] (partly in [[Neshoba County, Mississippi|Neshoba County]])

===Census-designated place===
* [[Conehatta, Mississippi|Conehatta]]

===Unincorporated communities===
* [[Battlefield, Mississippi|Battlefield]]
*[[Cedar Grove, Mississippi|Cedar Grove]]
* [[Duffee, Mississippi|Duffee]]
* [[Lawrence, Mississippi|Lawrence]] 
* [[Little Rock, Mississippi|Little Rock]]
*[[Perdue, Mississippi|Perdue]]
* [[Stratton, Mississippi|Stratton]]

===Ghost towns===
* [[Volcan, Mississippi|Volcan]]

==Politics==
Newton County is a longtime Republican stronghold, having not supported a Democratic presidential candidate since 1956.

{{PresHead|place=Newton County, Mississippi|whig=no|source1=<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=March 4, 2018}}</ref>}}
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP/Whig vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2024|Republican|6,641|2,603|79|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|2020|Republican|6,997|3,075|111|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|2016|Republican|6,548|2,756|134|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|2012|Republican|6,394|3,319|64|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|2008|Republican|6,579|3,218|58|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|2004|Republican|6,165|2,280|43|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|2000|Republican|5,540|2,147|51|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1996|Republican|4,223|2,163|503|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1992|Republican|5,128|2,146|532|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1988|Republican|5,658|2,332|13|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1984|Republican|5,911|2,127|34|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1980|Republican|4,317|3,455|169|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1976|Republican|3,813|2,741|136|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1972|Republican|5,585|597|161|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1968|American Independent|542|799|5,561|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1964|Republican|4,735|238|0|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1960|Dixiecrat|508|912|1,956|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1956|Democratic|360|2,359|407|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1952|Democratic|851|2,460|0|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1948|Dixiecrat|39|169|2,442|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1944|Democratic|56|2,516|0|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1940|Democratic|41|2,495|3|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1936|Democratic|39|2,624|3|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1932|Democratic|56|2,253|11|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1928|Democratic|368|2,074|0|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1924|Democratic|72|1,657|93|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1920|Democratic|108|1,208|82|Mississippi}}
{{PresRow|1916|Democratic|19|1,341|56|Mississippi}}
{{PresFoot|1912|Democratic|6|1,197|62|Mississippi}}

==Education==
School districts include:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st28_ms/schooldistrict_maps/c28101_newton/DC20SD_C28101.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210719145239/https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st28_ms/schooldistrict_maps/c28101_newton/DC20SD_C28101.pdf |archive-date=July 19, 2021 |url-status=live|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Newton County, MS|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=August 6, 2022}} - [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st28_ms/schooldistrict_maps/c28101_newton/DC20SD_C28101_SD2MS.txt Text list]</ref>
* [[Newton County School District]]
* [[Newton Municipal School District]]
* [[Union Public School District (Mississippi)|Union Public School District]]

Conehatta Elementary School of the [[Choctaw Tribal School System]] is in the community.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.choctawtribalschools.com/conehattaelementary|title=Home|publisher=Conehatta Elementary School|accessdate=August 6, 2022|quote=851 Tushka Drive Conehatta, MS 39057}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Dry counties]]
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Newton County, Mississippi]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

{{Commons category}}

==Further reading==
* A.J. Brown, [https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfNewtonCountyMississippiFrom1834To1894 ''History of Newton County, Mississippi from 1834 to 1894.''] Jackson, MS: Clarion-Ledger Co., 1894. [http://www.scottlee.net/newtonhist/ • HTML version]
* Nicholas Russell Murray, ''Newton County, Mississippi, 1872-1900.'' Hammond, LA: Hunting for Bears, 1981.
* Newton County Pictorial History Committee, ''Newton County, Mississippi: A Pictorial History.'' Humboldt, TN: Rose Publishing Co., 2000.

{{Geographic Location
|Centre    = Newton County, Mississippi
|North     = [[Neshoba County, Mississippi|Neshoba County]]
|Northeast =
|East      = [[Lauderdale County, Mississippi|Lauderdale County]]
|Southeast =
|South     = [[Jasper County, Mississippi|Jasper County]]
|Southwest =
|West      = [[Scott County, Mississippi|Scott County]]
|Northwest =
}}

{{Newton County, Mississippi}}
{{Mississippi}}
{{Authority control}}
{{coord|32.41|-89.12|display=title|type:adm2nd_region:US-MS_source:UScensus1990}}

[[Category:Newton County, Mississippi| ]]
[[Category:1836 establishments in Mississippi]]
[[Category:Mississippi counties]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1836]]