Editing Newcastle, Maine

{{Short description| Town in the state of Maine, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Newcastle, Maine
| settlement_type    = [[New England town|Town]]
| nickname           = 
| motto              = <!-- Images -->
| image_skyline      = Along the Shore, Newcastle, ME.jpg
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = Damariscotta River {{circa|1920}}
| image_flag         = 
| image_seal         = <!-- Maps -->
| image_map          = Lincoln County Maine incorporated and unincorporated areas Newcastle highlighted.svg
| mapsize            = 260px
| map_caption        = Location in [[Lincoln County, Maine|Lincoln County]] and the state of [[Maine]].

<!-- Location -->| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = United States
| subdivision_type1  = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Maine]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[List of counties in Maine|County]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Lincoln County, Maine|Lincoln]]
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = 
| leader_name        = 
| leader_title1      = 
| leader_name1       = 
| established_title  = Incorporated (district)
| established_date   = June 19, 1753
| unit_pref          = Imperial
| area_footnotes     = <ref name ="Gazetteer files"/>
| area_magnitude     = 
| area_total_km2     = 84.36
| area_land_km2      = 75.24
| area_water_km2     = 9.12
| area_total_sq_mi   = 32.57
| area_land_sq_mi    = 29.05
| area_water_sq_mi   = 3.52

<!-- Population -->| population_as_of   = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_est     = 
| pop_est_as_of      = 
| population_footnotes = 
| population_total   = 1848
| population_density_km2 = 24.6
| population_density_sq_mi = <!-- General information -->
| timezone           = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
| utc_offset         = -5
| timezone_DST       = EDT
| utc_offset_DST     = -4
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| elevation_ft       = 30
| coordinates        = {{coord|44|2|5|N|69|32|13|W|region:US-ME|display=inline}}
| postal_code_type   = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code        = 04553
| area_code          = [[Area code 207|207]]
| blank_name         = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info         = 23-48645
| blank1_name        = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info        = 0582617
| website            = {{URL|www.newcastlemaine.us}}
| footnotes          = 
| established_title1 = Incorporated (town)
| established_date1  = August 23, 1775
}}
'''Newcastle''' is a [[New England town|town]] in [[Lincoln County, Maine|Lincoln County]], [[Maine]], United States. The population was 1,848 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0600000US2301548645|title=Census - Geography Profile: Newcastle town, Lincoln County, Maine|access-date=January 19, 2022}}</ref> The village of Newcastle is located in the eastern part of the town,<ref>[http://www.mainecoastsurveying.com/contact.html] Map from Maine Coast Surveying</ref> on the [[Damariscotta River]].  Together with the village of [[Damariscotta, Maine|Damariscotta]] linked by the Main Street bridge, they form the Twin Villages (see [[Damariscotta-Newcastle, Maine|Damariscotta-Newcastle CDP]]).

==History==

Originally called Sheepscot Plantation, Newcastle was first settled in the 1630s by [[fishermen]] and around 50 families. Around 1649–1650, John Mason purchased a tract of land from the [[sachem]]s Chief Robinhood and Chief Jack Pudding. The territory was claimed in 1665 by the [[James II of England|Duke of York]]. Renamed New Dartmouth, the plantation was attacked and destroyed in 1676 during [[King Philip's War]].<ref name=Coolidge>{{Cite book  | last = Coolidge  | first = Austin J.|author2=John B. Mansfield   | title = A History and Description of New England| year = 1859| location = Boston, Massachusetts| pages = 222–225| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=OcoMAAAAYAAJ&q=coolidge%20mansfield%20history%20description%20new%20england%201859&pg=PA222}}</ref> When the war was over, some of the inhabitants returned. But it was destroyed again in 1689 during [[King William's War]], and the village was not reoccupied for about 40 years. In 1730, Colonel David Dunbar, the superintendent and governor of the Province of Sagadahoc, resettled it as Newcastle, named in honor of the [[Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne|Duke of Newcastle]].<ref>{{Citation
  | last = Varney
  | first = George J.
  | title = Gazetteer of the state of Maine. Newcastle
  | place = Boston
  | publisher = Russell
  | year = 1886
  | url = http://history.rays-place.com/me/newcastle-me.htm }}
</ref>

In 1978, the village of Sheepscot on the Sheepscot River in western Newcastle was listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] as the [[Sheepscot Historic District]]. It includes 51 buildings in the [[Italianate]], [[Greek Revival]], and [[Federal style architecture|Federal]] styles, on {{convert|12,000|acre|km2}}. (The [[United States Geological Survey|USGS]] recognizes Sheepscott, Shepscooke, Shippscutt, and Shipscot as variants of the name Sheepscot.)

==Geography==

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of {{convert|32.57|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|29.05|sqmi|sqkm|2}}  is land and {{convert|3.52|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name ="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/gazetteer2010.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=December 16, 2012}}</ref> Newcastle is situated beside the [[Damariscotta River]].

The town is crossed by [[U.S. Route 1 in Maine|U. S. Route 1]] and state routes [[Maine State Route 194|194]] and [[Maine State Route 215|215]]. It borders the towns of [[Jefferson, Maine|Jefferson]] to the north, [[Edgecomb, Maine|Edgecomb]] to the south, and [[Alna, Maine|Alna]] to the northwest. Separated by water, it is near the towns of [[Wiscasset, Maine|Wiscasset]] to the southwest, and [[Nobleboro, Maine|Nobleboro]], [[Damariscotta, Maine|Damariscotta]], [[Bristol, Maine|Bristol]] and [[South Bristol, Maine|South Bristol]] to the east.

===Climate===
{{Weather box   <!-- Infobox begins -->
| single line = Y
| location    = Newcastle, Maine, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1965&ndash;2022

|Jan record high F = 57
|Feb record high F = 63
|Mar record high F = 85
|Apr record high F = 87
|May record high F = 94
|Jun record high F = 93
|Jul record high F = 98
|Aug record high F = 101
|Sep record high F = 93
|Oct record high F = 82
|Nov record high F = 71
|Dec record high F = 64

|Jan avg record high F = 48.4
|Feb avg record high F = 47.7
|Mar avg record high F = 58.1
|Apr avg record high F = 70.7
|May avg record high F = 83.5
|Jun avg record high F = 86.8
|Jul avg record high F = 88.8
|Aug avg record high F = 87.2
|Sep avg record high F = 82.4
|Oct avg record high F = 70.3
|Nov avg record high F = 61.3
|Dec avg record high F = 52.6
|year avg record high F = 91.0

<!-- Average high temperatures -->
| Jan high F  =30.1
| Feb high F  =33.0
| Mar high F  =41.0
| Apr high F  =53.5
| May high F  =64.9
| Jun high F  =73.0
| Jul high F  =78.3
| Aug high F  =77.1
| Sep high F  =69.0
| Oct high F  =57.0
| Nov high F  =45.8
| Dec high F  =35.5
<!-- Mean daily temperature -->
| Jan mean F  =22.4
| Feb mean F  =25.0
| Mar mean F  =32.9
| Apr mean F  =44.2
| May mean F  =54.8
| Jun mean F  =63.3
| Jul mean F  =69.1
| Aug mean F  =68.1
| Sep mean F  =60.6
| Oct mean F  =49.4
| Nov mean F  =39.0
| Dec mean F  =28.7
<!-- Average low temperatures -->
| Jan low F  =14.7
| Feb low F  =16.9
| Mar low F  =24.8
| Apr low F  =34.8
| May low F  =44.6
| Jun low F  =53.7
| Jul low F  =59.8
| Aug low F  =59.1
| Sep low F  =52.2
| Oct low F  =41.8
| Nov low F  =32.1
| Dec low F  =21.9

|Jan avg record low F = -7.0
|Feb avg record low F = -2.9
|Mar avg record low F = 4.9
|Apr avg record low F = 24.0
|May avg record low F = 33.6
|Jun avg record low F = 42.7
|Jul avg record low F = 51.2
|Aug avg record low F = 49.0
|Sep avg record low F = 37.7
|Oct avg record low F = 28.4
|Nov avg record low F = 16.4
|Dec avg record low F = 2.1
|year avg record low F = -8.9

|Jan record low F = -20
|Feb record low F = -18
|Mar record low F = -9
|Apr record low F = 12
|May record low F = 27
|Jun record low F = 36
|Jul record low F = 44
|Aug record low F = 36
|Sep record low F = 27
|Oct record low F = 21
|Nov record low F = 3
|Dec record low F = -20

<!-- Total precipitation, this should include rain and snow. -->
| precipitation colour    =  green
| Jan precipitation inch  =3.83
| Feb precipitation inch  =3.61
| Mar precipitation inch  =4.32
| Apr precipitation inch  =4.17
| May precipitation inch  =3.80
| Jun precipitation inch  =4.28
| Jul precipitation inch  =3.42
| Aug precipitation inch  =3.35
| Sep precipitation inch  =4.19
| Oct precipitation inch  =4.97
| Nov precipitation inch  =4.57
| Dec precipitation inch  =4.74

|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 12.3
|Feb precipitation days = 10.6
|Mar precipitation days = 11.1
|Apr precipitation days = 12.2
|May precipitation days = 13.6
|Jun precipitation days = 12.7
|Jul precipitation days = 12.4
|Aug precipitation days = 10.0
|Sep precipitation days = 10.3
|Oct precipitation days = 12.0
|Nov precipitation days = 12.0
|Dec precipitation days = 13.1

<!-- Snowfall -->
| Jan snow inch  =19.6
| Feb snow inch  =20.3
| Mar snow inch  =14.1
| Apr snow inch  =4.4
| May snow inch  =0.0
| Jun snow inch  =0.0
| Jul snow inch  =0.0
| Aug snow inch  =0.0
| Sep snow inch  =0.0
| Oct snow inch  =0.3
| Nov snow inch  =3.5
| Dec snow inch  =16.5

|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 10.2
|Feb snow days = 8.6
|Mar snow days = 6.7
|Apr snow days = 2.5
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.2
|Nov snow days = 2.2
|Dec snow days = 7.7

|source 1 = NOAA<ref name = NOAA>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00175675&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|title = U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Newcastle, ME
|access-date = March 5, 2023
}}
</ref>
|source 2 = National Weather Service<ref name = NOWData>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=gyx
|publisher = National Weather Service
|title = NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Gray
|access-date = March 5, 2023
}}
</ref>
}}

==Demographics==

{{US Census population
|1790= 896
|1800= 996
|1810= 1232
|1820= 1243
|1830= 1544
|1840= 1712
|1850= 2012
|1860= 1791
|1870= 1729
|1880= 1534
|1890= 1282
|1900= 1075
|1910= 1066
|1920= 993
|1930= 914
|1940= 994
|1950= 1021
|1960= 1101
|1970= 1076
|1980= 1227
|1990= 1538
|2000= 1748
|2010= 1752
|2020= 1848
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}

===2000 census===

[[File:Newcastle Publick House, Newcastle, Maine - 20130919-02.JPG|thumb|Newcastle Publick House]]

As of the census<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 1,748 people, 724 households, and 493 families living in the town.  The population density was {{convert|60.3|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  There were 880 housing units at an average density of {{convert|30.4|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  The racial makeup of the town was 98.74% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.11% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.11% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.29% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.06% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.69% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.69% of the population.

There were 724 households, of which 28.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.5% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.9% were non-families. 26.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 22.7% under the age of 18, 5.0% from 18 to 24, 22.7% from 25 to 44, 30.8% from 45 to 64, and 18.8% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.0 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $43,000, and the median income for a family was $51,250. Males had a median income of $33,750 versus $28,466 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $24,289.  About 4.2% of families and 7.0% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 6.1% of those under age 18 and 9.5% of those age 65 or over.

===2010 census===

As of the census<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=December 16, 2012}}</ref> of 2010, there were 1,752 people, 787 households, and 505 families living in the town. The [[population density]] was {{convert|60.3|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 992 housing units at an average density of {{convert|34.1|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the town was 97.8% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.1% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.5% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.3% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.1% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 1.2% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.7% of the population.

There were 787 households, of which 23.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.9% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 35.8% were non-families. 28.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.70.

The median age in the town was 49.6 years. 18.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 19.8% were from 25 to 44; 33.4% were from 45 to 64; and 23.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 47.7% male and 52.3% female.

==Sites of interest==

[[File:Second Congregational Church, Newcastle, Maine - 20130919-03.JPG|thumb|left|Second Congregational Church]]

* Frances Perkins Center https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frances_Perkins_National_Monument
* Newcastle Historical Society & Museum
* [[Lincoln Academy (Newcastle, Maine)|Lincoln Academy]]
* [[Second Congregational Church (Newcastle, Maine)|Second Congregational Church]]
* [[St. Andrew's Church (Newcastle, Maine)|St. Andrew's Church]]
* [[St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Newcastle, Maine)|St. Patrick's Church]]

== Notable people ==
<!-- Note:
· Only people who already have a Wikipedia article may appear here. This establishes notability.
· The article must mention how they are associated with Newcastle, whether born, raised, or residing.
· The fact of their association should have a reliable source cited.
· Alphabetical by last name please.
· All others will be deleted.
-->

* [[Edwin Flye]], US congressman
* [[William T. Glidden]], clipper ship line co-owner and railroad investor
* [[Frances Perkins]], US Secretary of Labor under President Franklin Roosevelt
* [[Peter Throckmorton]], American pioneer underwater archaeologist

==References==

{{Reflist}}

==External links==

{{Commons category|Newcastle, Maine}}

*[http://www.newcastlemaine.us/ Town of Newcastle, Maine]
*[https://www.maine.gov/local/town.php?t=Newcastle Newcastle, Maine]
*[http://www.mainegenealogy.net/individual_place_record.asp?place=newcastle Maine Genealogy: Newcastle, Lincoln County, Maine]
*[http://www.sheepscot.org/ Sheepscot Valley Conservation Association]

{{Coord|44|02|06|N|69|32|12|W|type:city_region:US-ME|display=title}}
{{Lincoln County, Maine}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Newcastle, Maine| ]]
[[Category:Towns in Lincoln County, Maine]]
[[Category:Towns in Maine]]