Editing New Ipswich, New Hampshire

{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name                   = New Ipswich, New Hampshire
| nickname                        = 
| motto                           = 
| image_skyline                   = 
| image_seal                      = New Ipswich, NH Town Seal.png
| imagesize                       = 
| image_caption                   = 
| image_flag                      = 
| image_map                       = New_Ipswich,_Hillsborough_County,_NH.png
| mapsize                         = 250px
| map_caption                     = Location in [[Hillsborough County, New Hampshire|Hillsborough County]], [[New Hampshire]]
| settlement_type                 = Town
| image_map1                      = 
| mapsize1                        = 
| map_caption1                    = 
| subdivision_type                = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name                = United States
| subdivision_type1               = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[New Hampshire]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[List of counties in New Hampshire|County]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[Hillsborough County, New Hampshire|Hillsborough]]
| parts_type                      = Villages
| parts                           = {{ubl|New&nbsp;Ipswich|High&nbsp;Bridge|Smithville}}
| government_type                 = 
| leader_title                    = [[Board of selectmen|Board of Selectmen]]
| leader_name                     = {{ubl|Shawn Talbot, Chair|Jason Somero|Lou Alvarez}}
| leader_title1                   = [[City manager|Town Administrator]]
| leader_name1                    = Debbie Deaton
| established_title               = [[Incorporation (municipal government)|Incorporated]]
| established_date                = 1762
| area_footnotes                  = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2021">{{cite web |title=2021 U.S. Gazetteer Files – New Hampshire |url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2021_Gazetteer/2021_gaz_cousubs_33.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=December 9, 2021}}</ref>
| area_total_km2                  = 85.6
| area_total_sq_mi                = 
| area_land_km2                   = 84.8
| area_land_sq_mi                 = 
| area_water_km2                  = 0.8
| area_water_sq_mi                = 
| area_water_percent              = 0.97
| population_as_of                = 2020
| population_footnotes            = <ref name="Census 2020">{{Cite web| url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=&g=0600000US3301151940&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P1| title=New Ipswich town, Hillsborough County, New Hampshire: 2020 DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau| access-date=December 9, 2021}}</ref>
| population_total                = 5204
| population_density_km2          = 61.4
| population_density_sq_mi        = 
| timezone                        = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
| utc_offset                      = -5
| timezone_DST                    = [[Eastern Daylight Time Zone|Eastern]]
| utc_offset_DST                  = -4
| coordinates                     = {{coord|42|44|53|N|71|51|15|W|region:US-NH|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_m                     = 337
| elevation_ft                    = 1106
| website                         = {{URL|www.townofnewipswich.org}}
| postal_code_type                = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code                     = 03071
| area_code                       = [[Area code 603|603]]
| blank_name                      = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info                      = 33-51940
| blank1_name                     = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info                     = 0873681
| footnotes                       = 
| name                            = 
}}
'''New Ipswich''' is a [[New England town|town]] in [[Hillsborough County, New Hampshire|Hillsborough County]], [[New Hampshire]], United States. The population was 5,204 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name="Census 2020"/> New Ipswich, situated on the [[Massachusetts]] border, includes the villages of Bank, Davis, Gibson Four Corners, Highbridge, New Ipswich Center, Smithville, and Wilder, though these village designations no longer hold the importance they did in the past. The [[Wapack Trail]] passes through the community.

== History ==

[[Image:Barr Mansion, New Ipswich, NH.jpg|thumb|left|Barr Mansion in 1900]]
New Ipswich was granted in 1735 to 60 inhabitants of [[Ipswich, Massachusetts]], whence the name is derived, by [[British North America|colonial]] Governor [[Jonathan Belcher]] and the General Court (Assembly) of Massachusetts. Settlement began in 1738, when Abijah Foster arrived with his wife and infant daughter. In 1762, Governor [[Benning Wentworth]] incorporated the town as "Ipswich", and then in 1766 as "New Ipswich". [[New Ipswich Academy]], later renamed Appleton Academy after benefactor [[Samuel Appleton (merchant)|Samuel Appleton]], was chartered in 1789,<ref>[http://www.nh.gov/nhes/elmi/htmlprofiles/newipswich.html New Ipswich, New Hampshire] at nh.gov. Retrieved February 21, 2009.</ref> the second oldest in New Hampshire after [[Phillips Exeter Academy]] in [[Exeter, New Hampshire|Exeter]]. It would also serve as high school for the nearby communities of [[Mason, New Hampshire|Mason]] and [[Greenville, New Hampshire|Greenville]].

The [[Souhegan River]] provided [[water power]] for mills, and in 1801, the first [[woolen]] mill in the state was established at New Ipswich, followed in 1804 by the first [[cotton]] mill. Other early factories produced [[glass]], [[potash]] and [[linseed oil]]. [[Cabinet making]] craftsmen produced elegant furniture. The town's affluence would be expressed in fine [[architecture]], an example of which is the [[Barrett House (New Ipswich, New Hampshire)|Barrett House]], used as a setting for the 1979 [[Merchant Ivory]] film ''[[The Europeans (1979 film)|The Europeans]]'', based on [[The Europeans|the novel]] by [[Henry James]].  Bypassed by the [[railroad]], the early mill town was preserved.

In 1836, four families from New Ipswich moved to the [[Wisconsin Territory]] to start a [[Christian mission|mission]] to the Native Americans, founding the town of [[Denmark, Iowa]].

[[Image:Baptist Church, New Ipswich, NH.jpg|thumb|right|Baptist Church {{circa|1912}}]]
In 1969, construction of Mascenic Regional High School was completed, rendering high school teaching in Appleton no more, although the building was still used to teach elementary schoolers and middle schoolers. In 1989 Boynton Middle School completed construction, so Appleton was from then to 2012 an elementary school. Appleton Academy closed in 2012, due to the dangerous conditions of occupying it.{{Citation needed|date=April 2020}}

In the past half century, a notable influx of peoples of [[Finns|Finnish]] descent, particularly of the [[Apostolic Lutheran Church of America]], have settled in New Ipswich. Additionally, migrants from neighboring Massachusetts make up a large percentage of new residents.

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of {{convert|85.6|sqkm|order=flip}}, of which {{convert|84.8|sqkm|order=flip}} are land and {{convert|0.8|sqkm|order=flip|1}} are water, comprising 0.97% of the town.<ref name="CenPopGazetteer2021"/> The eastern and central parts of New Ipswich are drained by the [[Souhegan River]], a northeastward-flowing tributary of the [[Merrimack River]]. [[New Ipswich Mountain]], part of the [[Wapack Range]], is the highest point in the town, with an elevation of {{convert|1881|ft|m}} above [[sea level]]. On the west side of the Wapack Range, the northwestern corner of town is drained by the [[Gridley River]], a northwestward-flowing tributary of the [[Contoocook River]], which continues north to the Merrimack. The southwestern part of town, including Mountain Pond, Island Pond, and Binney Pond, comprise headwaters of the [[Millers River]], which flows southwest into Massachusetts, part of the [[Connecticut River]] watershed.

Much of the town is made up of the wooded foothills of the Wapack Range. Secondary growth forests have reclaimed the vast majority of the pasture lands that dominated New Ipswich and much of New England at the beginning of the 20th century.

=== Adjacent municipalities ===
* [[Temple, New Hampshire|Temple]] (north)
* [[Greenville, New Hampshire|Greenville]] (east)
* [[Mason, New Hampshire|Mason]] (southeast)
* [[Ashby, Massachusetts]] (south)
* [[Ashburnham, Massachusetts]] (southwest)
* [[Rindge, New Hampshire|Rindge]] (west)
* [[Sharon, New Hampshire|Sharon]] (northwest)

==Demographics==

{{US Census population
|1790= 1241
|1800= 1266
|1810= 1895
|1820= 1278
|1830= 1673
|1840= 1578
|1850= 1877
|1860= 1701
|1870= 1380
|1880= 1222
|1890= 969
|1900= 911
|1910= 927
|1920= 869
|1930= 838
|1940= 940
|1950= 1147
|1960= 1455
|1970= 1803
|1980= 2433
|1990= 4014
|2000= 4289
|2010= 5099
|2020= 5204
|estyear=
|estimate=
|estref=
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="Census 2020"/><ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2016}}</ref>
}}
[[Image:Main Street, New Ipswich, NH.jpg|thumb|left|Main Street in 1907]]
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 4,289 people, 1,350 households, and 1,089 families residing in the town.  The population density was {{convert|131.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  There were 1,449 housing units at an average density of {{convert|44.2|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  The racial makeup of the town was 98.55% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.19% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.12% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.37% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.14% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.63% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.79% of the population. 19.7% were of [[finnish people|Finnish]], 13.2% [[French people|French]], 13.0% [[English people|English]], 10.4% [[Irish people|Irish]], 9.7% [[French Canadian]], 6.5% [[Germans|German]] and 5.6% [[United States|American]] ancestry according to [[Census 2000]].

There were 1,350 households, out of which 45.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.6% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.3% were non-families. 15.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 3.16 and the average family size was 3.55.

[[Image:Appleton Academy, New Ipswich, NH.jpg|thumb|right|Appleton Academy {{circa|1910}}]]
In the town, the population was spread out, with 34.5% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 29.8% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 7.5% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.8 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.7 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $53,939, and the median income for a family was $57,865. Males had a median income of $40,887 versus $26,724 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $20,210.  About 4.3% of families and 7.1% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 10.5% of those under age 18 and 10.1% of those age 65 or over.

New Ipswich has one of the highest population percentages of residents under the age of 18 in New Hampshire.<ref>[http://www.nh.gov/nhes/elmi/htmlprofiles/pdfs/newipswich.pdf New Hampshire Economic and Labor Market Information Bureau Profile]</ref>

== Notable people ==
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''All born in New Ipswich, unless noted otherwise''
* [[Nathan Appleton]] (1779–1861), merchant and United States Representative from Massachusetts<ref name="Marquis 1607-1896">{{cite book | title = Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607-1896 | publisher = Marquis Who's Who | year = 1963}}</ref>
* [[Samuel Appleton (merchant)|Samuel Appleton]] (1766–1853), merchant and philanthropist; brother of Nathan Appleton
* [[Cecil Bancroft]] (1839–1901), educator and eighth principal of [[Phillips Academy]] in [[Andover, Massachusetts]]
* [[Benjamin Champney]] (1817–1907), artist
* [[Jonas Chickering]] (1798–1853), piano manufacturer (born in [[Greenville, New Hampshire|Mason Village]], raised in New Ipswich)
* [[Augustus Addison Gould]] (1805–1866), Harvard-educated [[conchologist]] and [[malacologist]].<ref>{{Cite EB1911 |wstitle= Gould, Augustus Addison |volume = 12 |page=284 |short=1}}</ref>
* [[Isabella Batchelder James]] (1819–1901), writer, abolitionist, and president of the Pennsylvania Freedmen's Commission
* [[John Taylor Jones]] (1802–1851), early Protestant missionary to Thailand
* [[Charles Stetson]] (1801–1863), United States Representative from Maine
* [[Rodney Wallace (politician)|Rodney Wallace]] (1823–1903), United States Representative from Massachusetts

==Sites of interest==
[[File:NewIpswichNH TownHall.jpg|thumb|[[New Ipswich Town Hall]]]]
*[[List of New Hampshire historical markers (1–25)#10|New Hampshire Historical Marker No. 10]]: First Textile Mills
*[[List of New Hampshire historical markers (101–125)#101|New Hampshire Historical Marker No. 101]]: Site of Wilder's Chair Factory
*[[List of New Hampshire historical markers (126–150)#137|New Hampshire Historical Marker No. 137]]: Barrett House
*[[New Ipswich Center Village Historic District]], added to the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 1991
** Includes [[New Ipswich Town Hall]] and [[Barrett House (New Ipswich, New Hampshire)|Barrett House]]

==References==
{{portal|New Hampshire}}
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|www.townofnewipswich.org}}
* [https://www.nhes.nh.gov/elmi/products/cp/profiles-htm/newipswich.htm New Hampshire Employment and Labor Market Information Bureau Community Profile]

{{Geographic location
 | Centre = New Ipswich
 | North = [[Temple, New Hampshire|Temple]]
 | Northeast = [[Temple, New Hampshire|Temple]]
 | East = [[Greenville, New Hampshire|Greenville]]<br>[[Mason, New Hampshire|Mason]]
 | Southeast = [[Ashby, Massachusetts]]
 | South = [[Ashby, Massachusetts]]
 | Southwest = [[Ashburnham, Massachusetts]]
 | West = [[Rindge, New Hampshire|Rindge]]
 | Northwest = [[Sharon, New Hampshire|Sharon]]
}}

{{Hillsborough County, New Hampshire}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:New Ipswich, New Hampshire| ]]
[[Category:Towns in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1762]]
[[Category:1762 establishments in New Hampshire]]
[[Category:Towns in New Hampshire]]