Editing New Haven County, Connecticut

{{short description|County in Connecticut, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox U.S. county
 | county               = New Haven County
 | state                = Connecticut
 | type                 = [[List of counties in Connecticut|County]]
 | ex image             = NewHavenCT Green.jpg
 | ex image cap         = The [[New Haven Green Historic District]]
 | ex image size        = 250px
 | founded year         = 1666
 | founded date         = 
 | seat                 = none (since 1960)<br/>[[New Haven, Connecticut|New Haven]] (before 1960)
 | largest city         = New Haven (population)<br>[[Guilford, Connecticut|Guilford]] (area)
 | city type            = municipality
 | area_total_sq_mi     = 862
 | area_land_sq_mi      = 605
 | area_water_sq_mi     = 258
 | area percentage      = 29.9%
 | census yr            = 2020
 | pop                  = 864835 {{increase}}
 | pop_est_as_of        = 
 | population_est       = 
 | density_sq_mi        = 1429.5
 | district             = 2nd
 | district2            = 3rd
 | district3            = 4th
 | district4            = 5th
 | time zone            = Eastern
 | named for            = [[New Haven Colony]]
}}
{{maplink|frame=yes|zoom=8|id=Q54234|type=shape|stroke-color=#808080|fill=#808080|fill-opacity=0.0|text=Interactive map of New Haven County, Connecticut}}
'''New Haven County''' is a [[county (United States)|county]] in the south central part of the [[U.S. state]] of [[Connecticut]]. As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population was 864,835,<ref>{{cite web|title=Census - Geography Profile: New Haven County, Connecticut|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0500000US09009|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=November 20, 2021|archive-date=November 21, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211121033822/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0500000US09009|url-status=live}}</ref> making it the third-most populous county in Connecticut. Two of the state's five largest cities, [[New Haven, Connecticut|New Haven]] (3rd) and [[Waterbury, Connecticut|Waterbury]] (5th), are part of New Haven County.

New Haven County is part of the New Haven-Milford, CT [[Metropolitan Statistical Area]], which is included in the [[New York metropolitan area|New York metropolitan]] [[Combined statistical area|Combined Statistical Area]].

[[County government]]s were abolished in Connecticut in 1960. Thus, as is the case with all eight of Connecticut's counties, there is no county government, and no county seat. Until 1960, the city of New Haven was the county seat. In Connecticut, towns are responsible for all local government activities, including fire and rescue, [[snow removal]] and schools. In some cases, neighboring towns will share certain activities, e.g. schools, health, etc. New Haven County is merely a group of towns on a map, and has no specific government authority. The county Sheriff system was abolished by voters and replaced by State Judicial Marshals in 2000. As a result, the state judicial system in New Haven County has three judicial districts: New Haven, Ansonia-Milford, and Waterbury. On June 6, 2022, the U.S. Census Bureau formally recognized [[Councils of governments in Connecticut|Connecticut's nine councils of governments]] as county equivalents instead of the state's eight counties. [[List of counties in Connecticut|Connecticut's eight historical counties]] continue to exist in name only, and are no longer considered for statistical purposes.<ref>https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/06/06/2022-12063/change-to-county-equivalents-in-the-state-of-connecticut {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120044037/https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/06/06/2022-12063/change-to-county-equivalents-in-the-state-of-connecticut |date=January 20, 2023 }} Federal Register: Change to County-Equivalents in the State of Connecticut</ref>

==History==
Following the process of unification of [[New Haven Colony]] with [[Connecticut Colony]] in 1664–65, cohesion could be improved. New Haven County was constituted by an act of the Connecticut General Court on May 10, 1666, along with [[Hartford County, Connecticut|Hartford County]], [[Fairfield County, Connecticut|Fairfield County]], and [[New London County, Connecticut|New London County]]. The act establishing the county states:
:This Court orders that from the east bounds of Guilford
:vnto y<sup>e</sup> west bounds of Milford shalbe for future one County
:w<sup>ch</sup> shalbe called the County of N: Hauen. And it is
:ordered that the County Court shalbe held at N: Hauen on
:the second Wednesday in March and on the second Wednesday
:in Nouember yearely.<ref name="ccr">{{cite web|url=http://www.colonialct.uconn.edu/ViewPageBySequentialID.cfm?v=02&p=39&c=4&StartVolume=1&StartPage=1 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20070428203240/http://www.colonialct.uconn.edu/ViewPageBySequentialID.cfm?v=02&p=39&c=4&StartVolume=1&StartPage=1 |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 28, 2007 |title=CCR: Volume 02, Page 39 |access-date=June 17, 2008 }}</ref>

As established in 1666, New Haven County consisted of the towns of Milford, New Haven, and Guilford. The town of Wallingford was established in 1670 in unincorporated area north of New Haven and formally added to New Haven County in 1671. In 1675, the town of Derby was established north of Milford. In 1686, the town of Waterbury was established, but was assigned as part of Hartford County. Waterbury was transferred to New Haven County in 1728. In 1722, most of northwestern Connecticut (except for the town of Litchfield) was placed under the jurisdiction of New Haven County. Eight years later, in 1730, the eastern half of northwestern Connecticut was transferred to the jurisdiction of Hartford County. By mid-1738, with the exception of the towns of New Milford, Sharon, and Salisbury, the entire territory of northwestern Connecticut was under Hartford County. In 1751, Litchfield County was constituted consisting of all the towns in northwestern Connecticut. Between 1780 and 1807, several more towns were established along the northern boundary of New Haven County, resulting in the alteration of the limits of the county. The final boundary alteration leading to the modern boundary resulted from the establishment of the town of Middlebury on October 8, 1807.<ref>[http://historical-county.newberry.org/website/Connecticut/documents/CT_Individual_County_Chronologies.htm#NEW%20HAVEN Newberry Library &ndash; Connecticut Atlas of Historical County Boundaries] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110043227/http://historical-county.newberry.org/website/Connecticut/documents/CT_Individual_County_Chronologies.htm |date=November 10, 2013 }}</ref>

==Geography==
According to the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], the county has a total area of {{convert|862|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|605|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|258|sqmi}} (29.9%) is water.<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990|archive-date=August 24, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190824085937/https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|url-status=live}}</ref> It is the second-largest county in Connecticut by total area.

===Features===
The terrain is mostly flat near the coast, with low hills defining the rest of the area, rising significantly only in the north of the county. The highest elevation is close to the northernmost point in the county, found at two areas of approximately {{convert|1,050|ft|m}} above sea level in the town of [[Wolcott, Connecticut|Wolcott]]. The lowest point is sea level.

Notable geographic landmarks include [[Sleeping Giant (Connecticut)|Mount Carmel (''"Sleeping Giant"'')]], [[West Rock]] and [[East Rock]].

===Adjacent counties===
*[[Hartford County, Connecticut|Hartford County]] (north)
*[[Middlesex County, Connecticut|Middlesex County]] (east)
*[[Fairfield County, Connecticut|Fairfield County]] (west)
*[[Litchfield County, Connecticut|Litchfield County]] (northwest)

New Haven county is bounded on the south by [[Long Island Sound]].

===National protected area===
*[[Stewart B. McKinney National Wildlife Refuge]] (part)

{{Rivers of Connecticut}}

==Government and municipal services==
As of 1960, counties in Connecticut do not have any associated county government structure. All municipal services are provided by the towns. In order to address issues concerning more than one town, several regional agencies that help coordinate the towns for infrastructure, land use, and economic development concerns have been established. Within the geographical area of New Haven County, the regional agencies are:
*[http://www.scrcog.org/ South Central]
*[http://www.cogcnv.org/ Central Naugatuck Valley] (partly in Litchfield County)
*[http://www.valleycog.org/ The Valley] (partly in Fairfield County)

===Judicial===
The geographic area of the county is served by the three separate judicial districts: Ansonia-Milford, Waterbury, and New Haven. The Ansonia-Milford jurisdiction has two superior courthouses, one in Derby, the other in Milford. The Waterbury and New Haven judicial districts have superior courthouses located, respectively, in Waterbury, and New Haven.

===Law enforcement===
Law enforcement within the geographic area of the county is provided by the respective town police departments. Prior to 2000, a County Sheriff's Department existed for the purpose of executing judicial warrants, prisoner transport, and court security. These responsibilities have now been taken over by the [[Connecticut State Marshal System]].

===Fire protection===
Fire protection in the county is provided by the towns. Several towns also have [[special-purpose district|fire districts]] that provide services to a section of the town.

Founded in 1937, New Haven County has a county-wide fire-protection agency called "New Haven County Fire Emergency Plan" based in [[Hamden, Connecticut|Hamden]] to ''"Coordinate Mutual Aid - Radio Problems, assist members of county at major incidents if requested, provide training"''.<ref>[http://www.ct.gov/cfpc/cwp/view.asp?a=827&Q=245524&cfpcPNavCtr=|30661 CFPC: New Haven County Fire Emergency Plan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121016201514/http://www.ct.gov/cfpc/cwp/view.asp?a=827&Q=245524&cfpcPNavCtr=%7C30661 |date=October 16, 2012 }}. Ct.gov (October 17, 2002). Retrieved on July 26, 2013.</ref>

===Water service===
Water service is provided by a regional non-profit public corporation known as the [[South Central Connecticut Regional Water Authority]]. The Regional Water Authority supplies water to most of the towns within New Haven County, excluding the Waterbury area and the towns of Guilford and Madison. The Regional Water Authority is one of only two such county-wide public water service providers in the state.

===Politics===
As with most other Connecticut counties, New Haven County is a Democratic stronghold. The last Republican victory in New Haven County was [[George H.W. Bush]] in 1988. From the 1990s through 2012, the county increasingly trended Democratic, though since then it has become more competitive. Though he did not carry the county, Republican [[Donald Trump]] received over 40% of its vote in all three of his campaigns (2016, 2020 and 2024), a feat that Republican candidates had achieved only once in the previous six elections.
{{PresHead|place=New Haven County, Connecticut|source=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|first=David|last=Leip|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=May 26, 2017|archive-date=September 19, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190919054213/https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/|url-status=live}}</ref>}}
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2024|Democratic|171,435|218,981|7,571|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|2020|Democratic|169,893|242,630|5,460|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|2016|Democratic|159,048|205,609|14,349|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|2012|Democratic|138,364|218,998|3,697|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|2008|Democratic|144,650|233,589|4,647|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|2004|Democratic|160,390|199,060|6,942|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|2000|Democratic|122,919|197,928|20,252|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1996|Democratic|106,636|178,323|40,932|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1992|Democratic|141,264|161,374|82,494|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1988|Republican|174,251|163,153|4,957|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1984|Republican|212,166|140,945|1,601|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1980|Republican|169,038|130,913|37,781|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1976|Republican|174,342|157,402|2,445|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1972|Republican|200,818|135,132|4,373|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1968|Democratic|130,501|159,653|24,278|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1964|Democratic|97,656|218,743|171|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1960|Democratic|136,852|188,685|2|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1956|Republican|191,215|112,208|0|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1952|Republican|165,917|136,476|1,148|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1948|Democratic|120,769|121,591|6,633|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1944|Democratic|108,883|123,450|1,811|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1940|Democratic|103,100|126,072|517|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1936|Democratic|76,614|117,308|10,689|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1932|Democratic|79,019|86,826|8,296|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1928|Democratic|80,952|82,657|1,439|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1924|Republican|69,164|36,247|15,085|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1920|Republican|65,938|37,977|5,559|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1916|Democratic|30,175|30,416|2,695|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1912|Democratic|19,188|22,364|14,634|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1908|Republican|32,304|22,394|2,726|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1904|Republican|31,663|21,744|3,163|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1900|Republican|27,766|25,351|1,128|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1896|Republican|30,261|20,212|1,813|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1892|Democratic|20,038|24,634|1,477|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1888|Democratic|19,003|22,113|1,073|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1884|Democratic|16,303|19,341|1,046|Connecticut}}
{{PresRow|1880|Democratic|15,383|17,524|248|Connecticut}}
|}

==Transportation==
===Major Roads===
====Boston Post Road====
[[U.S. Route 1 in Connecticut|U.S. 1]] is the oldest east–west route in the county, running through all of its shoreline cities and towns. Known by various names along its length, most commonly "[[Boston Post Road]]" or simply "Post Road", it gradually gains latitude from west to east. Thus U.S. 1 west is officially designated "South" and east is "North".

====Interstate 91====
The start of [[Interstate 91]] begins at the interchange in New Haven with I-95. It runs parallel to U.S. Route 5 as it heads towards Hartford and Vermont.

====Interstate 95====
The western portions of [[Interstate 95 in Connecticut]] are known as the [[Connecticut Turnpike]] or the Governor John Davis Lodge Turnpike in New Haven County and it crosses the state approximately parallel to U.S. Route 1. The road is most commonly referred to as "I-95". The highway is six lanes (sometimes eight lanes) throughout the county. It was completed in 1958 and is often clogged with traffic particularly during morning and evening [[rush hour]]s.

With the cost of land so high along the Gold Coast, state lawmakers say they do not consider widening the highway to be fiscally feasible, although occasional stretches between entrances and nearby exits are now sometimes connected with a fourth [http://www.fairfieldcountybusinessjournal.com/archive/011705/011705frop01.html "operational improvement"] lane (for instance, westbound between the Exit 10 interchange in Darien and Exit 8 in Stamford). Expect similar added lanes in Darien and elsewhere in the Fairfield County portion of the highway in the future, lawmakers and [[Connecticut Department of Transportation|state Department of Transportation]] officials say.{{Citation needed|date=June 2008}}

====Wilbur Cross Parkway====
The [[Wilbur Cross Parkway]] or [[Connecticut Route 15]], is a truck-free scenic parkway that runs through the county parallel and generally several miles north of Interstate 95. It begins at the [[Igor I. Sikorsky Memorial Bridge]] and terminates at the Berlin turnpike. The parkway goes through [[Heroes Tunnel]] in New Haven.

The parkway is a [[National Scenic Byway]] and is listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].<ref name="nrhp_fairfield">{{cite web |url=http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/CT/Fairfield/districts.html |title=National Register of Historical Places - CONNECTICUT (CT), Fairfield County |publisher=[[National Park Service]] and [[United States Department of the Interior]] |access-date=June 24, 2008 |archive-date=August 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170817123716/http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/CT/Fairfield/districts.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

====Interstate 84====
[[I-84 (east)|Interstate 84]], which runs through Danbury, is scheduled to be widened to a six-lane highway at all points between Danbury and Waterbury. State officials say they hope the widening will not only benefit drivers regularly on the route but also entice some cars from the more crowded Interstate 95, which is roughly parallel to it. Heavier trucks are unlikely to use Interstate 84 more often, however, because the route is much hillier than I-95 according to a state Department of Transportation official.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1790= 30703
|1800= 32162
|1810= 37064
|1820= 39616
|1830= 43847
|1840= 48619
|1850= 65588
|1860= 97345
|1870= 121257
|1880= 156523
|1890= 209058
|1900= 269163
|1910= 337282
|1920= 415214
|1930= 463449
|1940= 484316
|1950= 545784
|1960= 660315
|1970= 744948
|1980= 761337
|1990= 804219
|2000= 824008
|2010= 862477
|2020= 864835
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=June 11, 2014|archive-date=October 3, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003185009/https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />1790-1960<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu/|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|access-date=June 11, 2014|archive-date=September 1, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190901214152/https://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu/|url-status=live}}</ref> 1900-1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ct190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=June 11, 2014|archive-date=January 3, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103001304/http://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ct190090.txt|url-status=live}}</ref><br />1990-2000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-date=October 9, 2022 |url-status=live|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=June 11, 2014}}</ref> 2010-2020<ref name="QF">{{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/09/09009.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=June 11, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607095834/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/09/09009.html|archive-date=June 7, 2011}}</ref>
}}

===2000 census===
At the 2000 [[census]],<ref name="GR8">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/ |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=May 14, 2011 |title=U.S. Census website |archive-date=July 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709054630/https://www.census.gov/ |url-status=live }}</ref> there were 824,008 people, 319,040 households, and 210,566 families residing in the county. The population density was {{convert|1,361|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 340,732 housing units at an average density of {{convert|563|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the county was 79.40% [[Race (United States Census)|White]], 11.32% [[Race (United States Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 0.25% [[Race (United States Census)|Native American]], 2.33% [[Race (United States Census)|Asian]], 0.04% [[Race (United States Census)|Pacific Islander]], 4.51% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 2.16% from two or more races. 10.09% of the population were [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race. 24.5% were of [[Italian people|Italian]], 12.3% [[Irish people|Irish]], 6.0% [[Polish people|Polish]], 5.7% [[English people|English]] and 5.6% [[German people|German]] ancestry according to [[Census 2000]]. 8.73% of the population reported speaking [[Spanish language|Spanish]] at home, while 2.05% speak [[Italian language|Italian]].<ref>[http://www.mla.org/map_data_results&state_id=9&county_id=9&mode=geographic&zip=&place_id=&cty_id=&ll=all&a=&ea=&order=r Language Map Data Center] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930184718/http://www.mla.org/map_data_results%26state_id%3D9%26county_id%3D9%26mode%3Dgeographic%26zip%3D%26place_id%3D%26cty_id%3D%26ll%3Dall%26a%3D%26ea%3D%26order%3Dr |date=September 30, 2007 }}. Mla.org (April 3, 2013). Retrieved on July 26, 2013.</ref>

There were 319,040 households, of which 31.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.60% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 13.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.00% were non-families. 28.20% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.08.

The age distribution was 24.50% under the age of 18, 8.70% from 18 to 24, 30.00% from 25 to 44, 22.40% from 45 to 64, and 14.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.70 males.

The median household income was $48,834, and the median family income was $60,549. Males had a median income of $43,643 versus $32,001 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the county was $24,439. About 7.00% of families and 9.50% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 13.00% of those under age 18 and 7.70% of those age 65 or over.

===2010 census===
[[File:Ethnic Origins in New Haven County, CT.png|thumb|Ethnic origins in New Haven County]]
As of the [[2010 United States census]], there were 862,477&nbsp;people, 334,502&nbsp;households, and 215,749&nbsp;families residing in the county.<ref name="census-dp1">{{cite web
  |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US09009
  |title=DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data
  |access-date=January 12, 2016
|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]
  |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213020054/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US09009
  |archive-date=February 13, 2020
|url-status=dead
  }}</ref> The population density was {{convert|1,426.7|PD/sqmi}}. There were 362,004 housing units at an average density of {{convert|598.8|/sqmi}}.<ref name="census-density">{{cite web
  |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY07/0500000US09009
  |access-date=January 12, 2016
|title=Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County
  |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]
  |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213192413/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY07/0500000US09009
  |archive-date=February 13, 2020
|url-status=dead
  }}</ref> The racial makeup of the county was 74.8% white, 12.7% black or African American, 3.5% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 6.0% from other races, and 2.6% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 15.0% of the population.<ref name="census-dp1"/> In terms of ancestry, 24.0% were [[Italians|Italian]], 17.5% were [[Irish people|Irish]], 9.3% were [[Germans|German]], 8.5% were [[English people|English]], 7.6% were [[Polish people|Polish]], and 2.0% were [[Americans|American]].<ref name="census-dp2">{{cite web
  |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0500000US09009
  |title=DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates
  |access-date=January 12, 2016
|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]
  |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213011730/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0500000US09009
  |archive-date=February 13, 2020
|url-status=dead
  }}</ref>

Of the 334,502&nbsp;households, 31.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.5% were married couples living together, 14.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 35.5% were non-families, and 28.9% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 3.09. The median age was 39.3 years.<ref name="census-dp1"/>

The median income for a household in the county was $61,114 and the median income for a family was $77,379. Males had a median income of $56,697 versus $43,941 for females. The per capita income for the county was $31,720. About 7.9% of families and 10.9% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 15.7% of those under age 18 and 7.1% of those age 65 or over.<ref name="census-dp3">{{cite web
  |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0500000US09009
  |title=DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates
  |access-date=January 12, 2016
|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]
  |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213020633/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0500000US09009
  |archive-date=February 13, 2020
|url-status=dead
  }}</ref>

===Demographic breakdown by town===
{{See also|List of Connecticut locations by per capita income}}
The following income data is from the 2010 United States Census and the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_10_5YR_DP03&prodType=table|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212213253/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_10_5YR_DP03&prodType=table|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 12, 2020|title=SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=November 25, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_DP_DPDP1&prodType=table |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190521214830/https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_DP_DPDP1&prodType=table |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 21, 2019 |title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=November 25, 2012 }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|- valign=bottom
! Rank
! Town
! 
! Per capita<br/>income
! Median<br/>household<br/>income
! Median<br/>family<br/>income
! Population
! Number of<br/>households
|-
| 1
| [[Woodbridge, Connecticut|Woodbridge]]
| Town
| $73,020
| $127,237
| $145,321
| 8,990
| 3,336
|-
| 2
| [[Guilford, Connecticut|Guilford]]
| Town
| $52,070
| $98,411
| $116,250
| 22,375
| 8,715
|-
| 3
| [[Madison, Connecticut|Madison]]
| Town
| $52,002
| $108,175
| $125,199
| 18,269
| 6,971
|-
| 4
| [[Bethany, Connecticut|Bethany]]
| Town
| $47,241
| $113,720
| $121,701
| 5,563
| 1,971
|-
| 5
| [[Orange, Connecticut|Orange]]
| Town
| $44,983
| $102,255
| $115,685
| 13,956
| 5,123
|-
| 6
| [[Middlebury, Connecticut|Middlebury]]
| Town
| $44,850
| $100,866
| $109,750
| 7,575
| 2,748
|-
| 7
| [[Woodmont, Connecticut|Woodmont]]
| Borough
| $43,149
| $71,667
| $99,423
| 1,488
| 691
|-
| 8
| [[Oxford, Connecticut|Oxford]]
| Town
| $41,909
| $107,500
| $113,077
| 12,683
| 4,504
|-
| 9
| [[Branford, Connecticut|Branford]]
| Town
| $41,540
| $70,640
| $86,696
| 28,026
| 12,739
|-
| 10
| [[Cheshire, Connecticut|Cheshire]]
| Town
| $40,498
| $107,936
| $123,539
| 29,261
| 10,041
|-
| 11
| [[Prospect, Connecticut|Prospect]]
| Town
| $40,126
| $86,526
| $99,028
| 9,405
| 3,357
|-
| 12
| [[Southbury, Connecticut|Southbury]]
| Town
| $40,022
| $68,041
| $104,838
| 19,904
| 8,213
|-
| 13
| [[Milford, Connecticut|Milford]]
| City
| $38,489
| $76,973
| $92,684
| 52,759
| 21,708
|-
| 14
| [[North Haven, Connecticut|North Haven]]
| Town
| $38,286
| $83,588
| $94,916
| 24,093
| 9,135
|-
| 15
| [[North Branford, Connecticut|North Branford]]
| Town
| $36,297
| $80,618
| $92,083
| 14,407
| 5,441
|-
| 16
| [[Hamden, Connecticut|Hamden]]
| Town
| $34,596
| $66,695
| $88,613
| 60,960
| 23,727
|-
| 17
| [[Wallingford, Connecticut|Wallingford]]
| Town
| $33,839
| $71,317
| $87,641
| 45,135
| 18,032
|-
| 18
| [[Wolcott, Connecticut|Wolcott]]
| Town
| $33,572
| $78,882
| $90,061
| 16,680
| 6,007
|-
| 19
| [[Beacon Falls, Connecticut|Beacon Falls]]
| Town
| $32,710
| $81,214
| $93,056
| 6,049
| 2,360
|-
| 20
| [[Seymour, Connecticut|Seymour]]
| Town
| $32,346
| $71,719
| $92,981
| 16,540
| 6,654
|-
| 21
| [[East Haven, Connecticut|East Haven]]
| Town
| $28,638
| $59,918
| $69,837
| 29,257
| 11,756
|-
| 22
| [[Naugatuck, Connecticut|Naugatuck]]
| Borough
| $27,933
| $59,393
| $71,021
| 31,862
| 12,339
|-
| 23
| [[Meriden, Connecticut|Meriden]]
| City
| $27,625
| $53,873
| $65,450
| 60,868
| 23,977
|-
| 24
| [[Derby, Connecticut|Derby]]
| City
| $26,264
| $52,029
| $58,984
| 12,902
| 5,388
|-
| 25
| [[Ansonia, Connecticut|Ansonia]]
| City
| $26,225
| $56,541
| $71,329
| 19,249
| 7,510
|-
| 26
| [[West Haven, Connecticut|West Haven]]
| City
| $25,884
| $51,854
| $62,330
| 55,564
| 21,112
|-
| 27
| [[New Haven, Connecticut|New Haven]]
| City
| $21,789
| $38,963
| $47,432
| 129,779
| 48,877
|-
| 28
| [[Waterbury, Connecticut|Waterbury]]
| City
| $21,545
| $40,254
| $47,077
| 110,366
| 42,761
|}

==Metropolitan Statistical Area==
The [[United States Office of Management and Budget]] has designated New Haven County as the [[New Haven-Milford, CT Metropolitan Statistical Area]].<ref name=OMB_13-01>{{cite web|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/omb/bulletins/2013/b13-01.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/omb/bulletins/2013/b13-01.pdf |archive-date=October 9, 2022 |url-status=live|title=OMB Bulletin No. 13-01: Revised Delineations of Metropolitan Statistical Areas, Micropolitan Statistical Areas, and Combined Statistical Areas, and Guidance on Uses of the Delineations of These Areas|date=February 28, 2013|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[Office of Management and Budget]]|access-date=March 20, 2013}}</ref>  The [[United States Census Bureau]] ranked the New Haven-Milford, CT Metropolitan Statistical Area as the [[List of Metropolitan Statistical Areas|62nd most populous]] [[Metropolitan Statistical Area|metropolitan statistical area]] of the United States as of July 1, 2012.<ref name=PopEstCBSA>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/metro/totals/2012/tables/CBSA-EST2012-01.csv|title=Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Population of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012|format=[[comma-separated values|CSV]]|work=2012 Population Estimates|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division|date=March 2013|access-date=March 20, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130401093220/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/metro/totals/2012/tables/CBSA-EST2012-01.csv|archive-date=April 1, 2013}}</ref>

The Office of Management and Budget has further designated the New Haven-Milford, CT Metropolitan Statistical Area as a component of the more extensive [[New York-Newark, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area]],<ref name=OMB_13-01/> the [[List of Combined Statistical Areas|most populous]] [[combined statistical area]] and [[United States primary statistical area|primary statistical area]] of the United States as of July 1, 2012.<ref name=PopEstCBSA/><ref name=PopEstCSA>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/metro/totals/2012/tables/CBSA-EST2012-02.csv|title=Table 2. Annual Estimates of the Population of Combined Statistical Areas: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012|format=[[comma-separated values|CSV]]|work=2012 Population Estimates|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division|date=March 2013|access-date=March 20, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517083619/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/metro/totals/2012/tables/CBSA-EST2012-02.csv|archive-date=May 17, 2013}}</ref>

==Education==
===Primary and secondary education===
Education in the county area is usually provided by the individual town governments. Several less populated towns have joined to form regional school districts. Bethany, Orange, and Woodbridge are part of Region 5; Middlebury and Southbury are part of [[Regional School District 15|Region 15]]; and Beacon Falls and Prospect are part of Region 16.

School districts include:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st09_ct/schooldistrict_maps/c09009_new_haven/DC20SD_C09009.pdf|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st09_ct/schooldistrict_maps/c09009_new_haven/DC20SD_C09009.pdf|archive-date=October 9, 2022|url-status=live|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: New Haven County, CT|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=July 22, 2022}} - [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st09_ct/schooldistrict_maps/c09009_new_haven/DC20SD_C09009_SD2MS.txt Text list] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220722153544/https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st09_ct/schooldistrict_maps/c09009_new_haven/DC20SD_C09009_SD2MS.txt |date=July 22, 2022 }}</ref>

K-12:
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Ansonia School District]]
* [[Branford School District]]
* [[Cheshire School District]]
* [[Derby School District]]
* [[East Haven School District]]
* [[Guilford School District]]
* [[Hamden School District]]
* [[Madison School District (Connecticut)|Madison School District]]
* [[Meriden School District]]
* [[Milford School District (Connecticut)|Milford School District]]
* [[Naugatuck School District]]
* [[New Haven School District]]
* [[North Branford School District]]
* [[North Haven School District]]
* [[Oxford School District (Connecticut)|Oxford School District]]
* [[Regional School District 15]]
* [[Regional School District 16]]
* [[Seymour School District]]
* [[Wallingford School District]]
* [[Waterbury School District]]
* [[West Haven School District]]
* [[Wolcott School District]]
* [[Woodbridge School District (Connecticut)|Woodbridge School District]]
{{div col end}}

Secondary districts:
* [[Regional High School District 05]]

Elementary districts:
* [[Bethany School District]]
* [[Orange School District]]

===Tertiary education===
New Haven county serves as a center of advanced learning, with several noted educational institutions located within its borders centered on the city of New Haven. These include:

*[[Albertus Magnus College]]
*[[Gateway Community College]]
*[[Naugatuck Valley Community College]]
*[[Paier College of Art]]
*[[Post University]]
*[[Quinnipiac University]]
*[[Southern Connecticut State University]]
*[[University of Connecticut]]
*[[University of New Haven]]
*[[Yale University]]

==Communities==
[[File:Map of New Haven County Connecticut With Municipal Labels.PNG|thumb|250px|right|Map of New Haven County, Connecticut showing cities, boroughs, towns, and CDPs]]

===Cities===
{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}
*[[Ansonia, Connecticut|Ansonia]]
*[[Derby, Connecticut|Derby]]
*[[Meriden, Connecticut|Meriden]]
*[[Milford, Connecticut|Milford]]
**[[Devon, Connecticut|Devon]]
**[[Woodmont, Connecticut|Woodmont]]
*[[New Haven, Connecticut|New Haven]]
**[[Amity (New Haven)|Amity]]
**[[Cedar Hill, Connecticut|Cedar Hill]]
**[[City Point (neighborhood)|City Point]]
**[[Downtown New Haven|Downtown]]
**[[East Rock (neighborhood)|East Rock]]
**[[Fair Haven, Connecticut|Fair Haven]]
**[[Fair Haven Heights]]
**[[Long Wharf (New Haven)|Long Wharf]]
**[[Mill River (neighborhood)|Mill River]]
**[[Quinnipiac Meadows]]
**[[Westville, Connecticut|Westville]]
**[[Wooster Square]]
*[[Waterbury, Connecticut|Waterbury]]
**[[Brooklyn (Waterbury)|Brooklyn]]
**[[Bunker Hill (Waterbury)|Bunker Hill]]
**Bucks Hill
**[[Downtown Waterbury]]
**[[East Mountain (Waterbury)|East Mountain]]
**[[Town Plot]]
**[[Waterville (Waterbury)|Waterville]]
*[[West Haven, Connecticut|West Haven]]
{{Div col end}}

===Towns===
Villages are named localities within towns but have no separate corporate existence from the towns they are in.

{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}
*[[Beacon Falls, Connecticut|Beacon Falls]]
*[[Bethany, Connecticut|Bethany]]
*[[Branford, Connecticut|Branford]]
**[[Branford Center, Connecticut|Branford Center]]
**[[Short Beach]]
**[[Stony Creek (Branford)|Stony Creek]]
*[[Cheshire, Connecticut|Cheshire]]
**[[Cheshire Village, Connecticut|Cheshire Village]]
*[[East Haven, Connecticut|East Haven]]
*[[Guilford, Connecticut|Guilford]]
**[[Guilford Historic Town Center|Guilford Center]]
*[[Hamden, Connecticut|Hamden]]
*[[Madison, Connecticut|Madison]]
**[[Madison Center, Connecticut|Madison Center]]
*[[Middlebury, Connecticut|Middlebury]]
*[[Naugatuck, Connecticut|Naugatuck]] (consolidated with the [[Borough (Connecticut)|borough]] of Naugatuck)
**[[Union City, Connecticut|Union City]]
*[[North Branford, Connecticut|North Branford]]
**[[Northford, Connecticut|Northford]]
**[[Twin Lakes (North Branford, Connecticut)|Twin Lakes]]
*[[North Haven, Connecticut|North Haven]]
*[[Orange, Connecticut|Orange]]
*[[Oxford, Connecticut|Oxford]]
**[[Quaker Farms Historic District|Quaker Farms]]
*[[Prospect, Connecticut|Prospect]]
*[[Seymour, Connecticut|Seymour]]
*[[Southbury, Connecticut|Southbury]]
**[[Heritage Village, Connecticut|Heritage Village]]
**[[South Britain Historic District|South Britain]]
**Southford
*[[Wallingford, Connecticut|Wallingford]]
**[[Wallingford Center, Connecticut|Wallingford Center]]
**[[Yalesville, Connecticut|Yalesville]]
*[[Wolcott, Connecticut|Wolcott]]
**Woodtick
*[[Woodbridge, Connecticut|Woodbridge]]
{{Div col end}}

==See also==
{{Portal|Connecticut|New England}}
*[[List of Registered Historic Places in New Haven County, Connecticut]]
*[[Greater New Haven]]
*[[National Register of Historic Places listings in New Haven County, Connecticut]]
*[[New Haven County Cutters]]
*[[Panthean temple]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{AmCyc Poster|New Haven (county)|New Haven County, Connecticut}}
*{{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001009190956/http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/1308/index.html |date=October 9, 2000 |title=New Haven County Sheriff's Department }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090121155650/http://ctmarshals.us/ New Haven County Marshals Association]
*[http://www.ct.gov/cfpc/cwp/view.asp?a=827&Q=245524&cfpcPNavCtr=|30661 New Haven County Fire Emergency Plan]
*[http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/CT/New+Haven/districts.html National Register of Historic Places listing for New Haven Co., Connecticut]
*[http://www.newhavenbar.org New Haven County Bar Association]

{{Geographic Location
 | Centre    = New Haven County, Connecticut
 | North     = [[Hartford County, Connecticut|Hartford County]]
 | Northeast =
 | East      = [[Middlesex County, Connecticut|Middlesex County]]
 | Southeast =
 | South     = [[Long Island Sound]]
[[Long Island|Long Island, New York]]
 | Southwest =
 | West      = [[Fairfield County, Connecticut|Fairfield County]]
 | Northwest = [[Litchfield County, Connecticut|Litchfield County]]
}} 
{{New Haven County, Connecticut}}
{{Connecticut}}
{{New York metropolitan area}}{{Authority control}}
{{Coord|41.35|-72.90|display=title|type:adm2nd_region:US-CT_source:UScensus1990}}

[[Category:New Haven County, Connecticut| ]]
[[Category:1666 establishments in Connecticut]]
[[Category:1960 disestablishments in Connecticut]]
[[Category:Counties in the New York metropolitan area]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1666]]